DE3619247A1 - Apparatus for the biological purification of waste water - Google Patents

Abstract

In an apparatus for the biological purification of waste water (effluent) in a pond facility having at least one aerator chain, which traverses the pond facility and which has bottom aerators adjacently suspended on a flexible support and fed from an air supply line, which bottom aerators are driven to and fro laterally by the air flowing out in the bottom region, at least one fixed-bed reactor is arranged at the side or on the aerator chain as a support for the growth of microorganisms in such a manner that the bottom aerators assume a position on their oscillating path such that the air flowing out from them and ascending in the pond facility at least partly flows through the fixed-bed reactor.

Description

The invention relates to a device for biological Wastewater treatment in a pond system with at least an aerator chain with ne hanging from each other on a flexible support, by one Air supply line fed floor aerators by the air flowing out in the floor area back and forth to be driven.

Such aerator chains are for example from DE-AS 28 34 899 known. You can use both in activated sludge pools as well as used in pond systems.

It is also already known in biological cleaning of waste water in a activated sludge tank assign, which serve as a carrier for microorganism growth and through which oxygen-containing gas is circulated to Oxygen and organic pollution on these Feed fixed bed reactors to stuck microorganisms and thus create the conditions for their multiplication. Sol che fixed bed reactors are for example in DE-OS 29 01 509 and DE-OS 33 27 774 described.

From DE-OS 33 24 039 and DE-OS 35 22 965 are fixed bed reactors known using buoyancy bodies or floats floating in the ventilated pool or Pond are arranged.

Artificially ventilated pond systems for wastewater treatment have various advantages over activated sludge tanks. They have good mining performance in terms of BOD and COD values and a hydraulically and biologically large buffer capital. They are easy to use, fit fit well into the landscape and allow an easy one Mixed water design.  

An essential feature of the pond, which in contrast to übli Chen activated sludge pool without internal return sludge systems work, is that the concentration of biomass and the mud age in such pond systems is too low, than that the auto required for nitrification trophic nitrificants (Nitrosomas and Nitrobacter) in from develop sufficient quantities and become productive.

However, it is desirable in the further biological Wastewater treatment also get nitrification and so with the help of the nitrifiers mentioned in the domestic Chen wastewater to oxidize organic nitrogen Ren. This nitrogen usually occurs in the wastewater as Ammonium ions and is with the help of the mentioned Mikroor mechanisms oxidized to nitrate ions. The one in these reactions microorganisms involved differ from the heterotrophic bacteria due to a much lower Growth rate.

Nitrification during biological wastewater treatment is necessary because in the clarified wastewater in higher Concentrations of nitrogen remaining in the water lasting impaired. By then in these waters occurring nitrification processes becomes high oxygen depletion, causing oxygen deficiency symptoms occur. Because nitrogen compounds are fertilizers, who which the waters also eutrophic. With a pH value ver ammonia, and this has be high toxicity in low concentrations Fish. Drinking water treatment from surface water is with considerable problems in the presence of nitrogen connect.

The object underlying the invention was therefore in a further wastewater treatment in pond systems through increased nutrient reduction, especially a ver get better nitrogen degradation.  

According to the invention, the object is achieved with a device for biological treatment of waste water in a pond with at least one aeration crossing the pond Hang the chain side by side on a flexible support the floor ventilation fed by an air supply line tern, which has been caused by the air flowing out in the floor area Lich back and forth, solved in that since Lich or at least one fixed bed on the aerator chain arranged as a carrier for microorganism growth is that the floor aerators on their commute are such Take position that the flowing out of them, in the Pond plant rising air at least partially the festival flows through the bed reactor.

The fixed bed reactors used here can be found under various forms, arrangements and numbers are provided, but the fixed bed reactors in the pond should be like this be arranged high from below through the side oscillating floor aerators are ventilated can.

Furthermore, it is useful if essentially the Ge totality of the floor aerators of an aerator chain at the same time is used for the ventilation of fixed bed reactors. So are appropriate in each case parallel to an aerator chain in the such fixed bed reactors essentially over their entire length arranged, and these are conveniently in the form of a ket with several fixed bed reactors attached in series intended.

Since the floor aerators from one side to the fixed bed swing actuators, becomes the fixed bed reactor with ventilation possibly only insufficient with the help of an aerator chain exploited, so that it is particularly useful, on both sides the aerator chain in front of the fixed bed reactor chain watch so that the floor aerators from both sides to the Swing the fixed bed reactor chain and the fixed bed react ventilate gates.  

According to another embodiment, the fixed bed react gates also on at least one aerator chain itself be brought. In this case, fixed bed reactors between each have two floor aerators on the aerator chain strengthens, the aerator candles on the floor aerators reach under adjacent fixed bed reactors, so that at Pendulum movement of the floor aerators the air outlet openings in the aerator candles under these fixed bed reactors and swing.

Of course, both embodiments can also be used together can be combined by arranging in addition to the latter Floor aerators of aerator chains from swing sideways under the fixed bed reactors.

If here in this context of ventilation, of aerators or an air supply line is not only related to the use of Air of natural composition, but also on the ver use of oxygenated air or rice his oxygen.

The fixed bed reactors can have a wide variety of shapes and have training. They are expedient, as from the above discussed prior art is known with floats or buoyancy bodies so that they are off the pond surface on which the floats float into the Hang water and by approaching the back and forth floor aerators are ventilated from below.

The fixed bed reactors can be specifically large act flat bodies on whose surface the Mi can colonize microorganisms and through their cavities the air can pass through easily. It has to be there so they are relatively large continuous cavities. Such Bodies can be made of plastic, ceramic material or other materials resistant to the conditions of the pond consist. For example, these bodies can be blocks  which through a frame construction to a fixed bed reactor be held together.

Instead, the fixed bed reactors can also be vented casual containers, such as from a sieve wall, a net or the like surrounding bodies, which in turn are filled with an air-permeable filling material. At for example, the fixed bed reactors from a frame exist, are attached to the mesh-like bags that with air-permeable packing, such as plastic, ceramic material or the like, are filled.

When driving the floor aerators in the pond system ge needs the air escaping from them when ascending in the pond do not immediately enter the fixed bed reactors to enter, d. H. the pendulum movement of the floor aerators needs this is not necessarily in the immediate vicinity of the fixed bed track bring gates. Rather, it is conceivable that laterally from the fixed bed reactors deflection devices, such as Leitble che are provided, under which the air from the floor ventilation reached when driving back and forth and from de then the air into the lower part of the fixed bed reactors is directed to the surface in the fixed bed reactors to ascend the pond. If such a deflection is provided facilities, it is advisable to do this in the form of guide walls to shape the bottom part of a fixed bed track tors are inclined upwards.

A particularly useful embodiment of the device according to the invention, however, is that the floor ventilation ter at such a distance from the fixed bed reactors and such are arranged in the pond that they go back and forth Sway alternately to a position below the fixed bed response gates arrive so that they emerge from the floor aerators de Air in this position when climbing up the pond ge inevitably at least partially in the fixed bed reactor entry.  

Certain designs are for such an embodiment the fixed bed reactors are particularly preferred. Preferred feast Bed reactors for this are those whose cross section is one pointing to the bottom of the pond and for example is triangular. A fixed bed run is particularly preferred Gate with square and square cross-section, whereby one corner of this cross-section to the pond surface and one points to the bottom of the pond. Compared to fixed bed reactors with triangular cross-section have those with quadrangular Cross section the advantage that they are higher from the air contain porous layer to be crossed out. On the other hand triangular fixed bed reactors have the advantage of being lighter to be manageable and immersed less deeply. The Tatsa che that a corner of the fixed bed reactor cross section to The pond floor has a relief for the aerators To approach the fixed bed actuator so far that the aerator candle at the end of the floor aerator as far as possible under the party bed reactor arrives, so that from the floor aerator rising air mostly through the fixed bed reactor flows. In certain cases, this can be made even easier by making the cross section of the fixed bed reactor diamond-shaped is formed, the acute angle of the diamond to Point the pond bottom and the pond surface.

If the ventilation of the fixed bed reactors using the floor aerators laterally driven back and forth is sufficient, it may be useful in certain cases the fixed bed reactors an additional air supply ventilation system in the lower area assign. When using fixed bed reactor chains can at the lower end of the fixed bed track attached to the chain gates a continuous air supply line with lateral Chen outlet openings may be provided. Instead, can but also the air supply line at the same time the chain for the suspension of the fixed bed reactors. In this case from this supply line branch lines to go bottom of each of the fixed bed reactors, and these branch lines can be used in conventional aerator candles  end up. Such is an additional air supply line but, as is to be emphasized, not a mandatory feature of the previous lying invention.

To dilute heavily soiled inlets, the buffers are used optimization of the system and peak loads dampen, extend the contact time and / or not to keep sedentary microorganisms in the pond center, it is advisable to use a return line hen, the water from the area of the pond drain into the Transported back area of the pond inlet.

Such a return line can be used anywhere in the pond system be provided. There is an appropriate embodiment rin, this return line on the fixed bed reactor chain attach or this chain itself as a return line to train.

The invention is further explained by the drawing. In this mean

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a device according to the dung OF INVENTION in a pond,

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a detail of a first embodiment of a fixed-bed reactor according to the invention,

Fig. 3 is a front view of the essential components ei ner device according to the invention, using the fixed bed reactor shown in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a side view of a section of a Be fan chain with fixed bed reactors according to a second embodiment of the invention and

Fig. 5 is a front view of the device shown in Fig. 4 Before.

The pond system 1 shown schematically in Fig. 1 with an inlet 2 and an outlet 3 contains two Belüfterket th 4 , each with eight floor aerators 5 , the structure of which for example corresponds to FIGS . 2 and 3 of DE-AS 28 34 899.

A fixed bed reactor chain 6 with four fixed bed reactors 7 is located in the pond system 1 in the middle between the two aerator chains 4 and parallel to them. The aerator chains 4 fed by the air supply line 8 are guided so loosely over the pond system 1 that the Bodenbe fans 5 are driven back and forth in accordance with the statements in DE-AS 28 34 899 and thereby get under the fixed bed actuators 7 .

In Fig. 2, a single one of the fixed bed reactors 7 is shown perspectively. This consists of a frame 8 made of a metal tube, which holds together a block of a plastic material interspersed with cavities, specifically large areas.

The cross section of the frame 8 is square, with one corner of the square facing the pond bottom and the pond surface.

Included in the frame 8 is an air supply line 10 , which is connected to the aerator candles 11 via the frame made of metal pipe. These consist of T-pieces with openings through which the air can escape. These aerator candles thus form aerator devices for the fixed bed reactor 7 in addition to the reciprocating floor aerators 5 .

With the air supply line 10 , a float 12 is connected ver, which is penetrated by a line 13 which serves as a water return line.

As shown in Fig. 2, the air emerging from the Ventilker zen 11 bubbles through the block of the fixed bed reactor 7 through to the surface of the pond.

In Fig. 3, the combination of the fixed bed reactor 7 shown in perspective in Fig. 2 together with a floor aerator 5 of two parallel aerator chains 4 is shown in front view. The aerators 5 each consist of a traversed by an air supply line 17, float 14, a ver with the air supply line 17-bound down pipe 15 and a res at the lower end of the Fallroh 15 mounted air distribution pipe 16 approximately in the form of a T-piece with air outlet openings. The Bodenbelüf ter 5 corresponds to the construction of FIGS . 2 and 3 of DE-AS 28 34 899. The air emerging from the air distribution pipes 16 flows through the fixed bed reactor 7 together with the air emerging from the additional aerator devices 11 when the floor aerators are in their pendulum motion are in the position shown in Fig. 3.

In Figs. 4 and 5 an alternative embodiment of the subject invention is illustrated. In this embodiment, the fixed bed reactors 19 are fastened directly to a ventilation chain, so that the aerator candles swing with the air outlet openings under the fixed bed reactors and thereby ventilate the fixed bed reactors.

As shown in FIG. 4, the aerator chain 18 has floats or buoyancy bodies 21 arranged one behind the other along this chain, to which a fixed bed reactor 19 or a floor aerator 20 is alternately fastened. The floor aerators 20 in turn have a T-shape, the T-legs forming aerator plugs 22 , which are partly located under the fixed bed reactors 19 and when the floor aerators 20 oscillate back and forth under these fixed bed reactors.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the fixed bed reactors 19 have a triangular cross section, with one of the corners facing the pond floor.

In addition, parallel to the aerator chain 18 shown in FIG. 4 with attached fixed bed reactors 19 , two further aerator chains without attached fixed bed reactors are shown, which have float 14 bottom aerators 5 accordingly FIG. 3. In such an embodiment, the fixed bed reactor is optimally aerated, since it is simultaneously aerated by the floor aerator 20 , the aerator candles 22 of which oscillate below it, and by one of the floor aerators 5 which move laterally.

Claims (11)

1. Device for the biological purification of waste water in a pond system with at least one aerator chain crossing the pond system with side by side hanging on a flexible support, fed by an Luftversorgungslei device aerators that are laterally driven back and forth by the air flowing out in the Bodenbe, characterized that at least one fixed-bed reactor (7) is arranged as a support for growth of microorganisms such laterally or at the aerator (4), that the bottom aerators (5) take such a position on its pendulum in that the flowing out of them in the pond (1) rising air at least partially flows through the fixed bed reactor. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that substantially parallel to the aerator (4) has a Ket te (6) fixed bed mounted thereto with a plurality of series reactors (7) is arranged. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that on the aerator chain ( 18 ) fixed bed reactors ( 19 ) between floor aerators ( 20 ) are attached such that the openings from the floor aerators swing back and forth under the fixed bed reactors. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that at least two aerator (4) has a Festbettreaktoren- chain (6) are arranged substantially paral lel to one another and between them. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fixed bed reactors ( 7 ) consist of bodies with a specifically large surface area. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that on the fixed bed reactors ( 7 ) an additional air supply line ( 10 ) with Belüfterein directions ( 11 ) is arranged in the lower region. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fixed bed reactor chain ( 6 ) is provided with floating bodies ( 12 ). 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that on the fixed bed reactor chain ( 6 ) a return line ( 13 ) is arranged, the water from the area of the pond drain ( 3 ) in the area of the pond inlet ( 2 ) is returned . 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the floor aerators ( 5 ) on their way towards the fixed bed reactor ( 7 ) get into a position below this, in which the air emerging from the floor aerators at least partially when rising gets into the fixed bed reactor. 10. The device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the floor aerators ( 5 ) on their way towards the fixed bed reactor ( 7 ) get into the region of a deflection device which at least partially exits the air aerating from the floor into the Fixed bed reactor leads. 11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the fixed bed reactors ( 7 ) have a cross section in the form of a quadrangle or triangle standing on a tip.