DE3527618A1 - Automatically sealing rotary valve for four-stroke piston engines - Google Patents

Abstract

For some time internal combustion engines have been implicated in environmental pollution and especially in damage to forests. The catalytic converter is not an adequate solution; nor is limiting traffic speeds. The fitting of 4 to 5 valves per cylinder and the use of turbochargers offer no solutions to the problems either. Engines must be created which, utilising the technical advances in the relevant fields, enable all difficult problems to be identified and overcome. Few changes can be made to the basic design of an engine. The design of the cylinder head and the control elements fitted there are of crucial importance to the power output, consumption, inherent energy losses and exhaust gases. In the invention these elements - camshafts, rocker arms, springs, retaining means and disc valves with seats and bushings - are replaced by a ROTARY VALVE of extremely simple construction. Basically there is nothing new about a rotary valve. For more than 50 years, however, no design has met with any success. The difficulties lay in the thermal expansion which prevented absolute sealing off of the compression pressure and often led to valve fracture due to pitting and imbalance. These obstacles and disadvantages are overcome by a rotary valve, the sealing and constant sliding properties of which are obtained by an intermediate element which, easily movable axially, adjusts the contact pressure on the rotary cone to the requirements ... Original abstract incomplete. <IMAGE>

Description

b) The energy losses caused by friction between the gases when entering and

Exit through long paths and curvatures and through one Eren ring cross-section between the valve head and seats is particularly disadvantageous for filling and outlet obstructing, occur, should be largely cleared.-That happens through wide area cross-sections and straight paths for the gases.

c) Thereby a perfect filling of the displacement is achieved and also an almost total emptying of exhaust gases from the compression chamber.

d) The advantages are understandable: With a complete filling alone the intake stroke makes four-valve engines and superchargers for utility engines unnecessary.

In the case of total emptying, heat build-up and residual temperatures decrease. -Both processes together allow a higher compression.

Autoignition is avoided in that the temperature in the Compression room currently the ignition is lower than normal, and that of the covered Spark plug, no glow ignition can go out l Another fuse is on injection engines in that the injection can take place directly and the element until shortly before is under lock and key.-e) Already many years ago with a simple, asymmetrical rotary valve has shown that the liter performance; at can be about 120 hp, the exhaust gas temperature has almost halved.

The exhaust noises correspond to 2/3 of the usual.

The specific fuel consumption is about 50% below that of today Motorenl f) After summarizing all values and results it can be predicted, that when the rotary valve is used, the exhaust gas data in particular reach a low level, which makes it possible to use unleaded fuel without a catalytic converter.-The through Catalyst-related additional fuel consumption will not occur, because despite higher compression.

- up to 1:14 - no knocking occurs and better combustion and The increase in output, the CO values, etc., bring them far below the values with the catalytic converter The addition of a currently tested liquids, these benefits will improve even more.

Automatic sealing rotary valve for four-stroke piston engines.

Description of the execution: Figure 1 1 shows a section through a cylinder head 0 This shows that the rotary valve Pos. 1 in the cylinder head Pos. 3 is permanently set and the trapezoidal window of the valve - According to the calculated opening @ degrees - one after the other the openings for inlet - ignition / injection -Outlet opens and closes. (E - EZ - A).

The conical sealing bell pos. 2 with the openings E - EZ - A, is locked against rotation between pos. 1 and pos. 3 by pins pos. 7 and sets by pressure-controlled vibration of approx. 0.2 mm stroke, the @ required sealing in each case, between the rotary valve and the cylinder head without damaging friction can be. The piston rings pos. 5 and 6 ensure the seal to the displacement. The snap ring pos. 4 prevents the system from falling out in the event of a defect.

The canal system "compression" is used by the rotation for diversion a part of the compression pressure on the outer surface of the sealing bell pos. 2 effective and prevents pressure from being lost. The holes for "OI" lead in Silicone lubricant, which is produced by periodic impulses (pneumatic or magnetic) for maintaining a sealing and @@@ lubricating film between the conical surfaces cares.

The ball bearings pos. 10 are through Sprengrigge pos. 12 and the spacer sleeve Item 11 secured against axial play.

The drive element pos. 13 - bevel gear, chain wheel or toothed belt wheel - is attached with fine teeth and is fitted with the detachable press fit from pos. S and 9 ("Christ" system) are operatively connected to the rotary valve item 1.

Figure 2 shows the main parts of the sectional view in extract.

Only then does the simplicity of the construction become clear.

Without exception, it is a matter of rotating bodies, whereby it should be noted that that pos. 1 requires a metallic material, while pos. 2 possibly also made of hard ceramic or sintered material. -The cone angles are on the dimension of the cylinder head, the cylinder diameter and the compression ratio addicted.

For a total fill and a smooth discharge, care about it make sure that the inlet and outlet ducts in the cylinder head pos. 3 are as straight as possible get lost. - blank page -

Claims (1)

Automatic sealing rotary valve for four-stroke piston engines Patent claims: 1) Automatically sealing rotary valve for four-stroke piston engines characterized by that in the cylinder head the usual, operated by camshafts, spring-loaded Disc valves with an annular passage are omitted and the control of the inlet and outlet Outlet functions through a bell-shaped, rotating cone body with driving and drive shaft takes place. The cone jacket is to be understood as having a passage opening, which are trapezoidal, round or in cross-sections as required can be. It is essential that the rotary valve is symmetrical and the passage window, which are installed in the cylinder head at a calculated degree congruent openings to the sin and outlet ducts, releases timely and timely, Holds open and closes, 2) Automatic sealing rotary valve for piston engines according to claim 1, characterized in that a thermally caused prelude between The cylinder head and the conical rotary valve are omitted in that an intermediate element is inserted, which is vertical against thermal expansion and harmful frictional pressure yields to the required extent without the seal experiencing losses. This is the sealing element on the inside - for example by honing the cone angle of the rotary valve, adapted.-The outer shape of the sealing body, depending on the training of the cylinder head, either also be conical or made cylindrically stepped will. It is essential that the opening cross-sections with the openings are rectified in the cylinder head and a third window for timely ignition, respectively also injection, is attached in the intermediate body. The sealing of the vibrating intermediate body to the cylinder head, takes place in the high heat area through piston rings and to the shaft bearing with Simrit seal or similar seals. 3) Automatic sealing rotary valve for four-stroke engines (piston) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing body is constantly weak Exerts pre-pressure on the sliding surface of the Diehventils, which rotation and sealing didn't bother Claims: still to 3) The form is reached placing small coil springs with a maximum total tension of 1 kg on the pins for Locking and guidance of the sealing element are applied or an equivalent Disc spring creates the same effect. An increase in pressure at the moment of the highest compression pressure is achieved in that through a hole in the cone of the rotary valve, via a Cross capillary bore, a connection to the annular space above the sealing body which is released shortly before reaching the maximum pressure by and the delayed overflowing gas pressure, briefly causes a secure seal. The resulting higher pressure of the sealing body on the rotary valve is harmless to the extent that it comes from a progressive pressure equalization, the but after the interruption, it still remains effective as a gas cushion and does not stiffen Releases pressure which could affect the lubricity O-The lubricity is also obtained by coordinating the materials for the rotary valve and sealing body stay even if additional lubrication is missing - materials such as forged Aluminum ores, metal-alloyed hard ceramics and sintered metals have been tried and tested. A permanent lubricant has also been tried and tested, the film of which can be disrupted which is renewed from time to time in a heat-controlled manner and also has a function exercises as elastic and sealant and lubricant. 4) Automatically seal rotary valve for four-stroke piston engines Claim 1, characterized in that the rotary valve is driven by the crankshaft takes place via gear wheels or via a toothed chain and bevel drive, or via a vertical shaft and chain drive on the cylinder head. The transmission ratio remains the same in all variants 2: 1 The setting of the rotary valve is thereby on the drive wheel on the shaft shaft possible that a fine toothing connects with sliding seat, wheel and shaft and the Attachment takes place through the releasable interference fit of the inventor. Also worthy of protection is the feature that the elements for ignition or Injection, remain covered until needed and no unwanted ignitions trigger. The application of the system to diesel engines is constructive and effective mapped out. Automatic sealing rotary valve for piston engines. The invention relates to a device which, in departure from the usual, spring-loaded valves in piston engines in the cylinder head, the inlet and outlet function, through an opening @ (window) on the valve body, controlled by rotation. The sealing problem compared to valves with a tapered seat is solved by the fact that an intermediate body of the same angle, which does not rotate the iKx, but has the same n openings as the @ cylinder head, through one of the compression pressure controlled vertical vibration, which replaces the thermally caused play and the right one Time seals without causing harmful friction between the rotor bell and vibrating element can enter. The vertical movement is depending on the materials and dimensions a few tenths of a millimeter0 whose sealing is upwards and downwards achieved with 2 sealing rings, which are either designed like piston rings or closed @ Rimge are made of silicone rubber. The whole system is down (to the cubic capacity) by a snap ring secured.-The drive takes place on the double ball bearing shaft of the rotary valve - Either by @ bevel gear drive, or via gears with chain resp. . Toothed belt - with L multi-cylinders in combination. The transmission ratio corresponds to that of other valve controls. The opening and shut-off paths are accordingly brought to 3600 and can be adjusted as a whole. -As a specialty it should be noted that @ Ignition card and possibly a Injection valve can only be released at the moment of their @ function and otherwise not connected to the combustion chamber for about @ 340 ° Device is, a) the inherent energy loss due to reciprocating masses to reduce. (The energy required by valves with return springs increases with the square the @ speed!).