DE3517121A1 - Quick-closure device for the detachable connection of two flat components which are provided with through-openings - Google Patents

Abstract

A quick-closure device for the detachable connection of two flat components which are provided with through-openings consists of a setbolt and of a spring bracket having spring limbs which converge towards the free end. In order to brace the flat components (whose thickness is intended to be variable within limits) reliably and without axial play, the bolt shank of the setbolt has notches which are arranged diametrically opposite and each have a bracing surface for pressing against the limb ends of the spring limbs. Each bracing surface runs in the direction of the shank end at an acute angle ( alpha ) to the shank axis, from the shank interior to the shank circumference. In consequence, an axial force component which is directed towards the shank end always on the setbolt, compensates for tolerances in the thickness of the flat components and ensures that they are firmly connected.

Description

Quick release for the releasable connection of two with

Flat components provided with through openings The invention relates to a quick release fastener for the releasable connection of two provided with push-through openings Flat components, such as body and trim parts in motor vehicles, which are im Art defined in the preamble of claim 1.

Such quick-release fasteners are used for fastening in motor vehicle construction of trim parts on the vehicle body, especially in the underbody area, e.g. for attaching noise capsules and engine compartment cladding. These panels must often be removed and re-attached for maintenance purposes, so that for the quick-release fasteners require time-saving assembly and disassembly. At the same time, however, the connection between the flat components must be reliable and firm to be without lots.

In a known quick release fastener of the type mentioned above here the bracing surfaces are formed by radial shoulder surfaces of the notches, on those the spring legs of the spring clip in the axial direction prop up. The overall height of the head bolt and spring clip is so on top of each other matched that with a given package height of the flat components lying on top of one another - if necessary with the interposition of a seal - the spring legs on the radial shoulder surfaces issue. If the package height of the flat components is slightly greater than the specified, so the spring legs can not over the radial shoulder surfaces in the Snap the notches into place. If the package height is a little less than the specified one, then occurs there is axial play in the connection of the two flat components, in particular when the flat components are alternately subjected to tension.

The invention has for its object to provide a quick release To improve the type mentioned in such a way that it is not only with tolerances in the strength or thickness of the flat components to be connected a reliably play-free Connection causes, but also to connect flat components with within limits of varying strength or thickness is universally applicable.

The task is with a quick release that in the generic term of Claim 1 defined genus according to the invention by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1 solved.

Press through the arrangement of the bracing surfaces according to the invention the spring legs of the spring clip with pretensioning force on them, whereby on each bracing surface in addition to a holding force acting perpendicular to the shaft axis an additional force component, which is directed towards the end of the shaft, arises the two Quick release parts and thus the flat components to be connected pressed together. The force components on both tension surfaces add up, so that the resulting force acting on the closure parts is twice as great. The force components are equally large at each point of the stress surfaces, so that the flat component grasped by the head of the head bolt have any thickness can, which is limited only by the axial length of the bracing surfaces on the bolt shank is. The minimum strength of the flat component is reached when the spring legs rest on the end of the bracing surface that is close to the shaft end, the maximum Strength when the point of support of the spring leg is that of the head of the head bolt has reached the facing end of the bracing surfaces. Through that to the end of the shaft The force component directed towards it pulls itself automatically in all cases into the spring clip so that any slack in the connection of the two flat components is automatically eliminated. The quick release fastener according to the invention is particularly suitable for connecting trim parts to the body with different sheet metal thicknesses in the body area.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention results from Claim 2. This design of the spring clip can also increase the strength of the second to be connected flat component can be varied within wide limits. The strength of this Flat component into which the spring clip is clipped is only limited due to the axial length of the obtuse-angled bending area of the spring legs. The spring force of the spring legs in the obtuse-angled bending area with which the spring legs to the inner edges of the Through hole this one Flat component is pressed, and the passage opening engages behind, represents a Reliable locking of the spring clip in the flat component when dismantling the quick-release fastener secure. This pressing force is created by expanding the spring clip after it has been inserted of the bolt shank enlarged so that one directed towards the head of the head bolt Force component acts on the flat component and this on the other, grasped by the head Presses flat component.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention results from the claim 3, in particular in connection with claim 4. Through this training, the loosening the quick release much easier. For this purpose, the head bolt is 0 manual to turn a little over 45.

The spring clip is widened so that the head bolt comes out the thighs can be pulled out.

The parabolic shape of the shaft end results in this a force component that pushes the bolt shank out of the spring clip supported, this effect through the acute-angled course of the boundary edges every tension area is reinforced.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention results from the claim 5. By this measure, when the head bolt is pushed in, the delimiting edges the bracing surfaces slide along the leg ends largely automatically Turning the head bolt by 900 into the locking locking position achieved.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention results from the claim 6. Through the noses with their flanks delimiting the bracing surfaces approximately radially the quick-release fastener can also be used when a large axial tensile force is applied to a flat component not be unintentionally loosened. The head bolt only moves until the The leg ends of the spring clip rest against the radial flanks. The then occurring radial force component is almost zero and is sufficient to spread the spring legs not from.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention also emerges from Claim . These measures also remove the head bolt when the quick-release fastener is dismantled held captive in the associated flat component.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention also emerges from Claim 8. This measure allows relatively large tolerances as a result of not being coaxial aligned through openings of the two flat components are compensated.

The quick release fastener according to the invention is characterized overall the following advantages: It is universal for different sheet metal thicknesses in the body area applicable. It largely resembles tolerances in the thickness of the cladding parts Limits the end. It can be operated with one hand with little effort can be opened quickly by turning it slightly. In the open state, the locking parts, namely on the one hand the head bolt and on the other hand the spring clip, each captive held in one of the two flat components, i.e. the body panel and trim part. The quick release can be operated with one hand by simply pressing the Lock the head bolt in the spring clip. When the quick release fastener is installed Tolerances in the overall height of the flat components to be connected automatically and extremely wide limits balanced, with a force component directed towards the shaft end ensures reliable bracing of the flat components that is free of axial Game is. The quick release fastener has a relatively low axial height that can be made even smaller by flattening the end of the shaft. The closure cannot be unintentionally released by axial tensile force on one of the flat components.

The invention is based on the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing described in more detail below. They show: FIG. 1 a perspective illustration a dismantled quick-release fastener, consisting of a bolt and a spring clip, Fig. 2 shows a view of the head bolt in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, in detail, FIG. 3 each a half-side side view of the quick-release fastener in FIG. 1 in the preassembled (left of the axis of symmetry) and final assembled (right of the axis of symmetry) state.

FIG. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, enlarged shown.

The flat components to be connected by means of the quick-release fastener are shown in Fig. 3 in section.

With 10 there is a body part and with 11 a trim part designated. For the purpose of connecting these parts, these push-through openings 12, 13 which lie approximately coaxially on top of one another. The through opening 12 in the trim part 10 is as a bore and the through opening 13 in the body part 11 as a square hole educated. A locking washer 14 is also located between the two parts 10, 11 inserted, which is slit in a star shape. The radial slots emanating from the inner edge are denoted by 15.

The quick release consists of a head bolt 16 and a Spring clip 17. The head bolt 16 has a disk-shaped head 18 with a protruding from it Handle bar 19 for manually turning the head bolt 16 and a bolt shank 20. The bolt shank 20 carries near its shank end two notches 21,22 arranged diametrically to one another. Each notch 21,22 has one Bracing surface 23 and 24, which in the direction of the shaft end under a at an acute angle i to the shaft axis 25 from the inside of the shaft to the circumference of the shaft. Towards the end of the shaft, each bracing surface 23, 24 has an approximately radial flank a nose 25 or 26 projecting over the circumference of the shaft.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the shaft end has a parabolic formation in such a way that the in the plane of symmetry between the Bracing surfaces 23, 24 lying cross section of the shaft end has a parabolic shape Outline 27 has. This parabolic outline 27 continues in the direction of Head 18 continues in bevels, which the delimiting edges \ 28,29; 28'29 ', respectively a cutting surface 23 or 24.

(Fig. 4) and at an acute angle 7r to the shaft axis 30 run (Fig. 2). The head bolt 16 with head 18, handle bar 19 and bolt shank 20 is designed as einstückiges.Teil made of cast zinc or other material.

The spring clip 17, designed as a one-piece sheet metal part (Fig. 1 and 3) has two converging towards the leg end and in the assembled state of the quick-release fastener with the leg ends on the bracing surfaces 23, 24 of the bolt shank 20 on pressing spring legs 31,32, which have a Web 33 are connected to one another. The web 33 has a circular recess 34, the inner diameter of which is significantly larger than the diameter of the bolt shank 20 is dimensioned. The spring clip 17 is inserted into the rectangular push-through opening 13 of the body part 11 can be clipped in such a way that the web 33 with its transverse to the Feather- legs 31,32 protruding ends 33a, 33b on one, the lining part 10 facing side of the body part 11 rests and the Spring legs 31,32 protrude through the through opening 13 and this on the from the web 33 facing away from behind the other side of the body part 11 non-positively grip (Fig. 3).

For this purpose, the spring legs 31, 32 outgoing from van web 33 are initially angled outward over a smaller area of their longitudinal extent in such a way that that they each include an obtuse angle with the web 33, to then through to converge again angled at the end of this area towards the leg end. As a result, the leg ends 35, 36 are at an angle rD in this area (Fig. 3) to the inner wall of the through opening 13, which increases with the thickness of the body part 11 scaled down. For better sliding support of the leg ends 35,36 on the bracing surfaces 23, 24 these are cranked.

The function of the described quick release is as follows: The spring clip 17 is, as described, facing from the cladding part 10 Side of the body part 11 into the through opening 13 of the body part 11 clipped in. Due to the obtuse-angled angling of those facing the web 33 Areas of the spring legs 31,32 is the spring clip 17 in the push-through opening 13 pre-tensioned and thus prevented from being unclipped.

By lying approximately coaxially on top of one another with the through openings 12, 13 Flat components (cladding part 10, body part 11) is now the bolt shank 20 of the head bolt 16 pushed through to the leg ends 35,36 (Fig. 3, left Half). After that, through axial Pressure on the head 18 of the bolt shank 20 pushed through between the leg ends 35,36 so that they are in the notches 21,22 snap into place and rest on the ones at the angle & to the shaft axis 30 Press on tensioning surfaces 23,24 (Fig. 3 right half). Is the bolt shank 20 rotated by 900 about its position shown in FIG parabolic shaft end a moment about the bolt axis 30, whereby the bolt shank 20 automatically into the locked position shown in the right half of FIG of the quick release fastener turns.

In this locked position of the quick release fastener press themselves the leg ends 35,36 on the bracing surfaces inclined at an angle to the bolt axis 30 23,24, creating an axial force component directed towards the shaft end, which on the one hand reliably braces the connection point of the flat components 10, 11 and on the other hand, an automatic tolerance compensation for different strengths the flat components 10, 11 performs. The force component increases with increasing angle s in the direction of the bolt axis 30, but at the same time the axial tolerance compensation less. The widening of the spring clip 17 also becomes the push-through opening 13 of the body part 11 engaging behind force larger and this reliable the cladding part 10 pressed or vice versa. By the compared to the bolt diameter relatively large inner diameter of the recess 34 can cause deviations in the coaxial Alignment of the through openings 12, 13 of the trim part 10 and the body part 11 are balanced in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

When the quick release is closed, one can also be attached to the panel 10 applied tensile force, which is considerably greater than the axial force component: -des And this counteracts, do not open the lock. In this case the bolt shank 20 moves until the leg ends 35,36 of the spring legs 31,32 rest against the radial flanks of the lugs 25,26. By about right angles to the bolt axis 30 protruding flanks is a spreading movement of the spring legs 31,32 of the spring clip 17 triggering force component almost zero and the quick release can not be opened.

For the intentional opening of the quick-release fastener for the purpose of dismantling Cladding part 10 and body part 11 must be headed bolt 16 by means of the grip strip 19 to rotate about 900. As a result, the spring clip 17 expands, with due to the parabolic shape of the shaft end results in a force component that pushes the bolt shank 20 in the direction of opening the shutter. A reinforcement of this The effect is created by the bevels of the boundary edges that are below the angle 28,28; 28 ', 29' reached at the bracing surfaces 23,24.

After dismantling the quick release fastener, the spring clip 17 held captive in the body part 11. The fact that the bolt shank 20 at the initial assembly of the quick release by the lock washer 14 with their star-shaped slot has been pressed through, the head bolt 16 hangs with the ends of the diagonally ongoing Limiting edges 28,29; -28 ', 29' in the locking washer, so that the head bolt 16 is held captive in the trim part 10.

To reduce the effort required to close the quick release fastener it is useful to have the head bolt 16 rotated axially by 900 in relation to FIGS. 1 and 3 Insert position between the spring legs 31,32. The bolt shank is pushed in the process 20 with the peripheral surfaces between the different bracing surfaces 23 and 24 associated delimiting edges 28, 28 and 28 ', 29' (Fig. 4), between the leg ends 35,36 therethrough. Then the head 18 must by means of the grip strip 19 be rotated by about 450, after which the head bolt 16 automatically moves into the position shown in FIG Rotated position shown and the quick release its locked state occupies. To facilitate this required rotation, as shown in Fig. 4 shown cross section of the bolt shank 20 in the area of the bracing surfaces 23, 24 can be seen from the delimiting edges 28, 29 of the bracing surface 23 respectively.

28 ', 29' of the bracing surface 24 are two diametrically opposite one another - here the boundary edges 28 and 28 '- rounded. With appropriate rounding can a largely automatic turning of the head bolt 16 into its locking points can be achieved.

Claims (8)

Claims 1. Quick release for the releasable connection of two with through openings provided flat components, such as body and trim parts in motor vehicles, with a head bolt, the one head engaging one flat component, the means for turning the head bolt, and one that can be pushed through the through openings Has bolt shank, which near its end of the shank two diametrically arranged Carries notches each with a bracing surface, and with one the other flat component gripping spring clip, the two converging towards the leg end and with the leg ends spring legs resting against the bracing surfaces and one the spring legs having interconnecting, a recess-bearing web, and in the Push-through opening of the other flat component can be clipped in such that the web rests on one side of the flat component and the spring legs through the push-through opening protrude and this on the other side of the flat component facing away from the web reach from behind, that we can see that every tension surface (23,24) in the notches (21,22) of the bolt shank (20) in the direction of the shank end at an acute angle (>) to the shaft axis (30) from the inside of the shaft to the The circumference of the shaft runs. 2. Quick release fastener according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the spring legs (31,32) going out from the web (33) have a smaller one Area of their longitudinal extension are angled outward so that they are with the web (33) each enclose an obtuse angle to then from the end of this area to converge towards the leg ends (35,36). 3. Quick release fastener according to claim 1 or 2, g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h a parabolic shape of the shaft end such that its Cross-section lying in the plane of symmetry of the two bracing surfaces (23, 24) has an approximately parabolic outline (27). 4. Quick release fastener according to claim 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that each bracing surface (23,24) of two in the direction of the shaft end delimiting edges extending at an acute angle () to the shaft axis (30) (28,29), which merge into the parabolic shaft end. 5. Quick release fastener according to claim 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that of the delimiting edges (28,29,28 ', 29') of the two bracing surfaces (23,24) two diametrically opposite one another are rounded. 6. Quick release fastener according to one of claims 1-5, d a d u r c h it is noted that the bolt shank (20) extends two over the circumference of the shank protruding noses (25,26) which support the tension surfaces (23,24) limit towards the end of the shaft with an approximately radial flank in each case. 7. Quick release according to one of claims 1 - 6, g e k e n n z A lock washer (14) with a diameter opposite to the outside diameter is also used of the bolt shank (20) slightly larger inside diameter, of which it is approximately circular Inner wall radial slots (15) exit to slide onto the bolt shank (20) after pushing the head bolt (16) through the push-through opening (12) of the he detected flat component (lo). 8. Quick release fastener according to one of claims 1 - 7, d a d u r c h it is noted that the recess (34) in the web (33) of the spring clip (17) is circular and its diameter is much larger than the diameter of the bolt shank (20) is dimensioned.