DE3434817C2 - Process for the production of a cleaning agent and cleaning agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the production of a cleaning agent and cleaning agent for textile surfaces, in particular floor coverings, which consists essentially of a powdery, porous carrier material made of a foamed, plasticized urea-formaldehyde resin foam, the ready-made product with respect to the carrier material has a certain density, a certain bulk density and a certain grain size, and the surfactant-containing water contained in the carrier material - based on the weight of the carrier material - is stored completely homogeneously in the carrier material. The cleaning agent results from the mixture of the carrier material with a highly concentrated aqueous cleaning solution, whereby before and / or during the foaming of the plasticized urea-formaldehyde resin foam, the free formaldehyde present is bound during the manufacturing process by formaldehyde-binding and stabilizing substances in the foam solution and / or added to the resin solution.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a cleaning agent and cleaning agent for textiles Surfaces, in particular for textile floor coverings, which essentially consist of a powder-shaped, porous Carrier material, in which the carrier material consists of a

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Share of max. 80% by weight, based on the weight of the carrier material, completely homogeneous in the carrier material is stored, and the cleaning agent from the mixture of the carrier material with a strong concentrated aqueous cleaning solution results.

Processes of this type for the production of cleaning agents have the purpose of producing an efficiently and environmentally friendly product in one operation. To be able to manufacture cleaning agents that can be used by the user without any negative impact. Such a negative effect occurs when the production-related formaldehyde escaping from the urea-formaldehyde resin foam enters the room air during the cleaning process. To avoid this, processes are known in which the free formaldehyde from the urea-formaldehyde resin foam is subsequently added is reduced by formaldehyde-binding agents.
So is z. B. from DE-OS 29 17 064 a method for reducing the formaldehyde development from aminoplastic foams is known in which the finished foam is treated on the surface with an essentially non-volatile formaldehyde-binding, moisture-attracting agent. The formaldehyde-binding agent should be an aqueous solution of urea or a salt of sulphurous acid and an aqueous mixture of urea, ammonia, ammonium sulfite and a water-retaining or attracting agent.

In such methods it is disadvantageous that these agents are added to the foam or the aminoplastic afterwards Support materials must be added, in particular this means an additional process step. In addition, it turns out to be disadvantageous that this results in an inhomogeneous distribution of the formaldehyde-binding agents, especially in the non-comminuted state, which in turn an increased emission of formaldehyde in the production and further processing of the foam into one Cleaning agent.

Furthermore, a method is known in which the production-related formaldehyde content in moist, aminoplastic carrier materials for cleaning agents by combining an active ingredient solution with the formaldehyde scavengers urea and sulphite are reduced.

In all known processes, it is disadvantageous that in the production of a granular carrier material made from foamed urea-formaldehyde resin foam by grinding, expensive, environmentally-friendly measures are prescribed because of the strong formaldehyde emissions that occur.
From the described disadvantages of the aforementioned solutions, the invention is based on the object of creating a method for producing a cleaning agent for textile surfaces, the urea-formaldehyde resin foam used as the carrier material being kept almost free of free formaldehyde during the production process and at the same time

hyd resin foam, and is enriched with cleaning agent, the ready-made product in relation to the carrier material has ^{a density of 20-60 kg / m 3} , and a bulk density of 50-150 g / l and that the grain size of the carrier material from 0.01 to 12 mm and that the water containing the surfactant adhering to the carrier material with a

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on further processing and use.

The object of the invention is achieved in that before and / or during the foaming of the plasticized urea-formaldehyde resin foam removes the free formaldehyde present during the manufacturing process is tied by formally

dehydrating substances - with the exception of sulphite - in the foam concentrate solution - as well as stabilizing ones Substances of the foam concentrate solution and / or the resin solution are added.

Another inventive idea is based on the fact that before and / or during the foaming urea is added to the aqueous urea-formaldehyde precondensate, so that in the finished foam there is a molar ratio of total urea to total formaldehyde of 0.62 to 0.95 to 1, and that the aqueous urea-formaldehyde precondensate 0 to 1.64% by weight sulfite (SO3-, (based on the dry resin substance) in the form of a water-soluble salt of sulfurous acid before and / or during foaming be added, as well as that the aqueous resin precondensate solution and / or the foaming agent solution 0.001-5% by weight of thixotropic substances (such as, for example, sheet silicate) to stabilize the urea-formaldehyde resin foam be added during curing (polycondensation).

The invention will be explained with the aid of the following examples and the inventive concept in one schematic diagram illustrates:

Resin component A:

consisting of an aqueous solution of a precondensed urea-formaldehyde resin with a total urea for a total formaldehyde content of 0.65 to 1 and a solids content of 44% by weight.

Hardener-surfactant concentrate component B:

consisting of an aqueous solution of a mixture of phosphoric acid (30%) and an alkylnaphthalene sulfonate (10%).

The foam concentrate consists of phosphoric acid and surfactant (e.g. alkyl naphthalene sulfonate or alkyl benzene sulfonate) also made from foam-stabilizing substances. All thixotropic Substances such as B. sheet silicates, xanthans, calcium hydrosilicate, suitable clays, etc., can be used.

Comparative example 1
(conventional method)

An m ³ urea-formaldehyde resin foam with a density of 40 kg / m ³ is produced by adding 56 parts by weight of the hardener-surfactant concentrate B and 53 parts by weight of the hardener-surfactant dilution consisting of water with approx. 1 m ^{3 of} air foams in a suitable foaming apparatus and mixed with 111 parts by weight of a resin thinner prepared from 91.5 parts by weight of resin component A and 19.5 parts by weight of water and foamed in a mold. Samples for formaldehyde and skill determination are taken from the foam block produced and cured in this way.

Comparative example 2

(with formaldehyde-binding substances according to
inventive foam provided)

An m ³ urea-formaldehyde resin foam with a density of 40 kg / m ³ is produced by adding 56 parts by weight of the hardener-surfactant concentrate B and 53 parts by weight of the hardener-surfactant dilution consisting of water with approx. 1 m ^{3 of} air foams in a suitable foaming apparatus and reacted with a suitably combined mixture consisting of 91.5 parts by weight of resin component A and a mixture of 19.5 parts by weight of water with 2.9 parts by weight of urea

From this foam block made and hardened samples are taken for strength determination.

Comparative example 3

(with formaldehyde-binding and

foam-stabilizing substances according to

inventive foam provided)

A nr urea-formaldehyde resin foam with a density of 40 kg / m ³ is produced by adding 56 parts by weight of 3 parts by weight of the hardener-surfactant concentrate B and 53 parts by weight of the hardener-surfactant dilution consisting of water at about 1 m ³ air foams in a suitable foaming apparatus and with a suitably combined mixture consisting of 91.5 parts by weight of resin component A and a mixture of 19.5 parts by weight of water with 4.4 parts by weight of urea and 0.027 parts by weight of sulfite, e.g. B. in the form of sodium BisuIfit, and 0.06 parts by weight of bentonite is implemented. The resin solution is adjusted to a pH of 7-8

Samples for the determination of formaldehyde are made from this produced and hardened foam block taken.

Comparative example 4
(with formaldehyde-binding and

foam-stabilizing substances according to
inventive foam provided)

A m ³ urea-formaldehyde resin foam with a density of 40 kg / m ³ is produced by adding 56 parts by weight of 3 parts by weight of hardener-surfactant concentrate B, 0.16 parts by weight of a modified Aerosil and 52.84 parts by weight of water existing hardener-surfactant dilution with approx.

1 m ^{3 of} air foams in a suitable foaming apparatus and is reacted with a suitably combined mixture consisting of 91.5 parts by weight of resin component A and a mixture of 19.5 parts by weight of water with 2.9 parts by weight of urea.

Samples for strength determination are taken from this foam block that has been produced and cured.
For the analytical determination of the amount of free formaldehyde per dry resin mass, the formaldehyde is expelled from the comminuted, cured, moist foam resin with warm air in a suitable apparatus and absorbed in a downstream, water-filled washing bottle battery.

The formaldehyde content of the absorption solutions is determined photometrically. To be two solutions A and B listed below were added and the intensity of the red-violet that then formed Dye measured photometrically. Then there is a comparison with solutions with known ones Formaldehyde content.

Solution a (ρ- rosaniline hydrochloride)

160 mg of p-rosaniline are concentrated in 24 ml Dissolved hydrochloric acid and then with dist. Water made up to 100 ml

Solution b

27.2 g of mercury (I) chloride and 11.6 g of sodium chloride are dissolved in distilled water and made up to 1 liter. 100 mg of anhydrous sodium sulfite are added to 50 ml of this solution immediately before use

An aliquot of the absorption solution is mixed in a volumetric flask with a volume of 25 ml with 1 ml each of solutions A and B and made up with distilled water. The solution is mixed thoroughly and ^{stored at 20 °} C. for 60 minutes. violet dye ΪΛ 2 cm layer thickness measured at 564 nm. For the calculation, the formaldehyde content is compared with solutions which each have a content of 10, 20, 30 and 40 g of formaldehyde in 25 ml of solution.

Table 1 below shows the measurement results shown in FIG. 1 are chemically illustrated:

Table 1 Example 1

Example 3

Foam after 8.8 mg formaldehyde / g conventional dry

Process materials Foam after

more inventive

teach

1.8 mg formaldehyde / g dry materials

The following table 2 shows the stabilizing effect of the stabilizing substances according to claim 4, the strength based on DIN 53 577 and DIN 53 421 is tested.

Table 2 Example 1 foam according to 0.087 N / mm ²

conventional method

Example 2 foam according to 0.073 N / mm ²

inventive teaching

Example 4 foam according to 0.088 N / mm ²

inventive teaching

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. A process for the production of a cleaning agent and cleaning agent for textile surfaces, in particular textile floor coverings, which essentially consists of a powder-shaped, porous carrier material, in which the carrier material consists of a foamed plasticized urea-formaldehyde resin foam, and is enriched with cleaning agents, the ^{The finished product has a density of 20-60 kg / m 3} with respect to the carrier material and a bulk density of 50-150 g / l and that the grain size of the carrier material is 0.01-12 mm and that of the carrier material retained water containing surfactants with a proportion of max. 80 wt .-%, based on the weight of the carrier material, is stored completely homogeneously in the carrier material, and the cleaning agent results from the mixture of the carrier material with a highly concentrated aqueous cleaning solution, characterized in that before and / or during the foaming of the plasticizer ten urea-formaldehyde resin foam, the free formaldehyde present is bound during the manufacturing process by adding formaldehyde-binding substances - with the exception of sulfite in the foam solution - as well as stabilizing substances to the foam solution and / or the resin solution. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before and / or during the foaming urea is added to the aqueous urea-formaldehyde precondensate so that the finished product Foam has a molar ratio of total urea to total formaldehyde of 0.62 to 0.95 1 is present. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the aqueous urea-formaldehyde precondensate 0 to 1.64% by weight sulfite (SO3-) (based on the dry resin substance) in In the form of a water-soluble salt of sulfurous acid added before and / or during foaming will. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the aqueous resin precondensate solution and / or the foaming agent solution 0.001-5% by weight of thixotropic substances to stabilize the urea-formaldehyde resin foam during curing (polycondensation) be slammed.