DE3424421A1 - Gearing with mechanical power transmission for the infinitely variable adjustment of torque, speed and direction of rotation - Google Patents

Gearing with mechanical power transmission for the infinitely variable adjustment of torque, speed and direction of rotation

Info

Publication number
DE3424421A1
DE3424421A1 DE19843424421 DE3424421A DE3424421A1 DE 3424421 A1 DE3424421 A1 DE 3424421A1 DE 19843424421 DE19843424421 DE 19843424421 DE 3424421 A DE3424421 A DE 3424421A DE 3424421 A1 DE3424421 A1 DE 3424421A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
torque
gearing
speed
rotation
hydraulic brakes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19843424421
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Walter Rudolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19843424421 priority Critical patent/DE3424421A1/en
Publication of DE3424421A1 publication Critical patent/DE3424421A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/721—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with an energy dissipating device, e.g. regulating brake or fluid throttle, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/74—Complexes, not using actuable speedchanging or regulating members, e.g. with gear ratio determined by free play of frictional or other forces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts

Abstract

The gearing is characterised by the differential load distribution of the input torque by the differential gear mechanism 1 between the two transmission stages 8 and 9, of different dimensions, which represent the smallest and the largest transmission ratios. The torque is allocated to the two transmission stages as a function of loading and the desired speed by control by way of alternate actuation of the hydraulic brakes 5 and 6 or of both brakes simultaneously. In the differential gear mechanism 2, the torque from the two transmission stages is recombined and passed to the output 4. By appropriate control of the hydraulic brakes 5 and 6, the gearing can be used without special arrangements as a retarder (wear-free brake). With the exception of a change in the direction of rotation, all the gearwheels are permanently in engagement. Power is transmitted in a purely mechanical manner, the hydraulic brakes merely providing the "counterweight" for the allocation of the torque to the two transmission stages. If the hydraulic brakes 5 and 6 are equipped with lock-up clutches, a return flow of power and braking at a standstill are possible. <IMAGE>

Description

BESCHREIBUNG DESCRIPTION

Getriebe mit mechanischer Kraftübertragung zur stufenlosen Veränderung von Drehmoment, Drehzahl sowie Drehsinn." Die Erfindung betrifft ein Getriebe nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs. Gearbox with mechanical power transmission for stepless change of torque, speed and direction of rotation. "The invention relates to a transmission according to the preamble of the claim.

STAND DER TECHNIK Die bisher zur Anwendung gelangenden Getriebe arbeiten alle in Schaltstufen. Bei sog. *Schaltgetrieben" ist darüber hinaus eine Kupplung erforderlich, bei "automatischen Getrieben erfolgt die Kraftübertragung teilweise über einen Wandler, im übrigen ebenfalls in Schaltstufen. Der Wandler hat keinen guten Wirkungsgrad, weshalb er in neueren Konstruktionen schon in bestimmten Betriebszuständen überbrückt werden kann. In beiden Fällen ist eine genaue Anpassung wegen der unvermeidbaren Schaltstufen nicht möglich.PRIOR ART The gears that have been used up to now work all in switching stages. In the case of so-called "manual transmissions" there is also a clutch required, with "automatic transmissions the power transmission takes place partially via a converter, otherwise also in switching stages. The converter does not have one good efficiency, which is why it is already in certain operating states in newer designs can be bridged. In both cases an exact adjustment is inevitable because of the Switching steps not possible.

AUFGABE DER ERFINDUNG ist es, 1.) eine stufenlose anpassung von Drehzahl und Drehmoment herzustellen 2.) Den hohen Wirkungsgrad der mechanischen Kraftübertragung auszunutzen 3.) Die Kupplung einzusparen.The task of the invention is to 1.) a stepless adjustment of the speed and to produce torque 2.) The high efficiency of the mechanical power transmission to take advantage of 3.) To save the clutch.

4.) Die Bedienung zu vereinfachen ANWENDUNGSBEREICHE ergeben sich im gesamten Bereich des Straßen-, Schienen- und Schiffsverkehrs sowie in der Luftfahrt und allgemein im Maschinenbau. 4.) To simplify the operation APPLICATION AREAS arise in the entire field of road, rail and ship traffic as well in aviation and in general in mechanical engineering.

VORTEILE gegenüber biherigen Konstruktionen ergeben sich aus dem einfachen Aufbau, der stufenlosen Anpassung der rein mechanischen Kraftübertragung, dem Wegfall der Kupplung, alle Zahnräder sind (mit Ausnahme bei Drehsinn-Anderung) stets im Eingriff, in beiden Drehrichtungen gleich hohe Leistung, verschleißfreie Bremse ohne weiteren baulichen Aufwand darstellbar, einfache Bedienung, günstige Einbaumöglichkeiten.ADVANTAGES over previous constructions result from the simple Structure, the stepless adjustment of the purely mechanical power transmission, the elimination the clutch, all gears are (with the exception of changing the direction of rotation) always in Intervention, equally high performance in both directions of rotation, wear-free brake Can be represented without further structural effort, simple operation, inexpensive installation options.

ANWENDUNGSBEISPIEL im Kraftfahrzeug. Die Erfindung erübrigt das Kuppeln und das Schalten, sorgt für wirtschaftlichen Betrieb des Verbrennungsmotors, da dieser stets im der Drehzahl des höchsten Drehmomentes betrieben werden kann, die zugleich die wirtschaftl ichste Drehzahl mit dem geringsten Schadstoffausstoß darstellt. Die verschl eißfreie Bremse, besonders interessant für den Nutzfahrzeugbereich, kann ohne besonderen baulichen Aufwand per Ansteuerung dargestellt werden. Sie erhöht die Verkehrssicherheit durch Schonung der Betriebsbremse, die AUFBAU Das Getriebe besteht im wesentlichen aus: (Die Ziffern beziehen sich auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen).APPLICATION EXAMPLE in a motor vehicle. The invention eliminates the need for coupling and switching, ensures economical operation of the internal combustion engine, since this can always be operated at the speed of the highest torque that at the same time represents the most economical speed with the lowest pollutant emissions. The wear-free brake, particularly interesting for the commercial vehicle sector, can be represented by control without any special structural effort. You increased traffic safety by protecting the service brake, the CONSTRUCTION The transmission consists essentially of: (The numbers refer to the attached drawings).

1 Differenzialgetriebe 2 Differenzialgetriebe 3 Eingang 4 Ausgang 5 Hydraulische Bremse 6 Hydraulische Bremse 7 Schaltmuffe 8 Kleine Übersetzung 9 Große Übersetzung ferner sind erforderlich: Eine Hydraulikpumpe für den Betrieb der Bremsen und eine Regelung. 1 differential gear 2 differential gear 3 input 4 output 5 Hydraulic brake 6 Hydraulic brake 7 Shift sleeve 8 Small gear ratio 9 Large gear ratios are also required: A hydraulic pump for operation the brakes and a scheme.

PRINZIP Über eine differenziale Lastverteilung (1) wird das Eingangsdrehmoment (3) auf zwei verschiedene Übersetzungen aufgeteilt, bei der die eine die kleinste geforderte Übersetzung (8) darstellt, die andere die größte geforderte Obersetzung (9). Den Anforderungen entsprechend wird das Drehmoment über die hydraulischen Bremsen (5 und 6) ganz oder teilweise den verschiedenen Übersetzungen zugeordnet. Über das zweite Differenzialgetriebe (2) wird das Drehmoment der beiden Übersetzungen wieder zusammengeführt und dem Abtrieb (4) zugeleitet.PRINCIPLE The input torque is determined via a differential load distribution (1) (3) divided into two different ratios, one being the smallest required translation (8), the other represents the largest required translation (9). According to the requirements, the torque is generated via the hydraulic brakes (5 and 6) assigned in whole or in part to the various translations. About the second differential gear (2) is the torque of the two translations again brought together and fed to the output (4).

STEUERUNG Die Steuerung erfolgt drehzahl- und/oder lastabhängig über einen mechanischen oder - besser- elektronischen Regler.CONTROL The control takes place depending on the speed and / or load via a mechanical or - better - electronic controller.

Letzterer ermöglicht die Verarbeitung weiterer Einflußsrößen. The latter enables the processing of further influencing factors.

ARBEITSWEISE 1).) LEERLAUF (bei laufendem Antrieb): Beide Hydraulischen Bremsen (5 und 6) sind geöffnet. Das Drehmoment fließt bei still stehendem Differenzialgetriebe 2 über beide Übersetzungen (8 und 9) in das Differenzialgetriebe 1 zurück.OPERATION 1).) IDLE (with the drive running): Both hydraulic Brakes (5 and 6) are open. The torque flows when the differential gear is at a standstill 2 back into differential gear 1 via both gear ratios (8 and 9).

2.) ANFAHREN: Die Bremse 6 wird geschlossen. das Drehmoment kann nicht mehr zu Differenzialgetriebe 1 zurückfließen und wirkt zwangsläufig auf Differenzialgetriebe 2, welches seinerseits auf Abtrieb 4 einwirkt. Das Getriebe gibt Leistung ab. Die Bremse wirkt als WGegengewichtF zum Drehmoment. 2.) APPROACH: The brake 6 is closed. the torque can no longer flow back to differential gear 1 and inevitably acts on differential gear 2, which in turn acts on output 4. The transmission delivers power. the The brake acts as a counterweight to the torque.

.) BESCHLEUNIGEN: Durch teilweises Öffnen der Bremse 6 bei gleichzeitiger teilweiser Schließung der Bremse 5 wird das Drehmoment in Abhängigkeit uon der Regelung auf die Übersetzungen 8 und 9 aufgeteilt. .) ACCELERATE: By partially opening the brake 6 while at the same time partial closure of the brake 5, the torque is dependent on the regulation split between gear ratios 8 and 9.

ENDZUSTAND Bei geschlossener Bremse 5 (gegf. mit Überbrückungskuppluppfließt das Drehmoment ausschließlich über die Übersetzung 9. END STATE With closed brake 5 (if necessary with lock-up clutch the torque only via the ratio 9.

.) DREHSINN UMKEHREN z. B. Rüciewärtsfahren Die auf dem Gehäuse zum Differenzialgetriebe 1 kraftschlüssig, jedoch axial verschiebbar angeordnete Schaltmuffe 7 ist fest mit den Tellerrädern verbunden. Durch Verschieben bringt man eines der beiden Tellerräder zum Eingriff in den Antrieb 3..) REVERSE DIRECTION B. Backward movement The on the housing for Differential gear 1 non-positive, but axially displaceable shift sleeve 7 is firmly connected to the ring gears. Move one of the both ring gears for engagement in the drive 3.

Die Mittelstellung kann auch als Leerlaufstellung genutzt werden. Zwischen Antrieb 3 und Schaltmuffe 7 ist eine Gleichlaufeinrichtung (Synchronisation) notwendig. The middle position can also be used as an idle position. A synchronizing device (synchronization) is installed between drive 3 and shift sleeve 7. necessary.

) ) VERZÖGERN z. B. bei Kraftfahrzeugen Durch entsprechende Ansteuerung kann die Drehzahl des Motors zur besseren Verzögerung erhöht werden. Darüber hinaus ist mit oder auch ohne diese Drehzahl erhöhung ein Abbremsen durch gleichzeitiges abgestuftes Zuschalten beider Hydraulischer Bremsen (5 und 6) möglich.)) DELAY z. B. in motor vehicles by appropriate control the speed of the motor can be increased for better deceleration. Furthermore With or without this increase in speed, braking is achieved through simultaneous braking Graduated activation of both hydraulic brakes (5 and 6) possible.

) KRAFTROCKFLUSS Bei stillstehendem Motor kann Kraftrückfluß notwendig sein, wenn wegen Ausfall der Startanlage angeschleppt werden soll.) DRY FORCE FLOW When the motor is at a standstill, power return may be necessary when towing due to failure of the starting system.

Er wird ermöglicht, wenn die Hydraulische Bremse 5 mit einer Überbrückungskupplung ausgerüstet ist und mechanisch angesteuert werden kann. It is made possible when the hydraulic brake 5 has a lock-up clutch is equipped and can be controlled mechanically.

ß .) ANBREMSEN IM STAND Zum Sichern abgestellter Kraftfahrzeuge ist kraftschlüssige Verbindung mit dem Motor erwünscht. Sie lässt sich realisieren, wenn beide Hydraulischen Bremsen (S und 6) mit berbrückungskupplungen ausgerüstet sind und die Konstruktion deren Betätigung auch bei stillstehendem Antrieb vorsieht.ß.) BRAKING WHEN STANDING To secure parked vehicles positive connection with the engine is desirable. It can be realized if both hydraulic brakes (S and 6) are equipped with lock-up clutches and the construction allows them to be operated even when the drive is at a standstill.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH Getriebe mit mechanischer Kraftübertragung zur stufenlosen Veränderung von Drehmoment, Drehzahl sowie Drehsinn, dadurch aekennzeichnet, daß das Eingangsdrehmoment über ein Differenzialgetriebe auf zwei verschieden groBe Übersetzungen aufgeteilt wird. Über zwei Bremsen und der Regelung wird die Zuordnung des Drehmomentes zu den beiden Übersetzungen der gewünschten Drehzahl bzw. des gewünschten Drehmomentes entsprechend angepasst. In einem weiteren Differenzialgetriebe wird das Drehmoment der beiden Übersetzungen zusammengeführt und an den Abtrieb weitergeleitet. PATENT CLAIM Gearbox with mechanical power transmission for continuously variable Change of torque, speed and direction of rotation, characterized in that the input torque to two different sizes via a differential gear Translations is split. The assignment is made via two brakes and the control of the torque to the two ratios of the desired speed or the desired Torque adjusted accordingly. In another differential gear is the torque of the two gear ratios are combined and passed on to the output.
DE19843424421 1984-07-03 1984-07-03 Gearing with mechanical power transmission for the infinitely variable adjustment of torque, speed and direction of rotation Withdrawn DE3424421A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843424421 DE3424421A1 (en) 1984-07-03 1984-07-03 Gearing with mechanical power transmission for the infinitely variable adjustment of torque, speed and direction of rotation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843424421 DE3424421A1 (en) 1984-07-03 1984-07-03 Gearing with mechanical power transmission for the infinitely variable adjustment of torque, speed and direction of rotation

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DE3424421A1 true DE3424421A1 (en) 1986-01-09

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2597945A1 (en) * 1986-04-24 1987-10-30 Combastet Michel MECHANICAL SYSTEM FOR CONTINUOUS AND CONTINUOUS TORQUE CONVERSION
EP0282430A2 (en) * 1987-02-05 1988-09-14 Nicolaos Botsis Self-adjusted power transmission with infinitely variable speed ratio employing toothed epicyclic gears
EP0335903A1 (en) * 1986-12-15 1989-10-11 Csaba G Kurtossy Continuously variable power converter.
DE19960028A1 (en) * 1999-12-02 2001-06-07 Frank Hoffmann Continuous gear, e.g. for vehicle; has differential gears that can be engaged directly or indirectly, where first has main rotation and intermediate rotations that can be transmitted to second gear
WO2000071905A3 (en) * 1999-05-19 2001-12-20 Maksoud Ali Split-torque power transmission
WO2007046722A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2007-04-26 Champlon Joao Armando Soledade Continuously variable transmission (cvt) through gears
RU2445531C1 (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-03-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Южно-Российский государственный университет экономики и сервиса" (ГОУ ВПО "ЮРГУЭС") Moment variator
RU2481513C2 (en) * 2007-09-28 2013-05-10 ВРТ Инновэйшнс ЛТД Adjustable transmission
AT517618A4 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-03-15 Johann Kropfreiter transmission assembly
AT519361B1 (en) * 2017-03-15 2018-06-15 Ing Johann Kropfreiter transmission assembly
ES2693818A1 (en) * 2017-06-11 2018-12-13 Pedro URIBE CHAVERT Double Differential Change (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE260303C (en) *
FR589730A (en) * 1924-02-07 1925-06-04 Gradual speed change
AT121880B (en) * 1930-03-04 1931-03-25 Franz Antl Differential.
FR1051460A (en) * 1951-12-03 1954-01-15 Mechanical, automatic and continuous gear change device
FR2098864A5 (en) * 1970-07-20 1972-03-10 Godec Robert
DE2635946A1 (en) * 1975-10-10 1977-04-21 Michel Combastet TORQUE CONVERTER
FR2450385A2 (en) * 1979-02-28 1980-09-26 Combastet Michel Torque converter with differential gear trains - has fixed stop or bearing acting on rotary components to regulate torque fluctuation
DE2902854A1 (en) * 1978-09-12 1981-02-26 Aleksandar Milan Dipl I Krstic Connection system for machine drives - uses braking and support systems for multiple drive units to maintain constant torque

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE260303C (en) *
FR589730A (en) * 1924-02-07 1925-06-04 Gradual speed change
AT121880B (en) * 1930-03-04 1931-03-25 Franz Antl Differential.
FR1051460A (en) * 1951-12-03 1954-01-15 Mechanical, automatic and continuous gear change device
FR2098864A5 (en) * 1970-07-20 1972-03-10 Godec Robert
DE2635946A1 (en) * 1975-10-10 1977-04-21 Michel Combastet TORQUE CONVERTER
DE2902854A1 (en) * 1978-09-12 1981-02-26 Aleksandar Milan Dipl I Krstic Connection system for machine drives - uses braking and support systems for multiple drive units to maintain constant torque
FR2450385A2 (en) * 1979-02-28 1980-09-26 Combastet Michel Torque converter with differential gear trains - has fixed stop or bearing acting on rotary components to regulate torque fluctuation

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2597945A1 (en) * 1986-04-24 1987-10-30 Combastet Michel MECHANICAL SYSTEM FOR CONTINUOUS AND CONTINUOUS TORQUE CONVERSION
EP0245137A1 (en) * 1986-04-24 1987-11-11 Michel Combastet Mechanical system for continuously converting torque in stages
US4800778A (en) * 1986-04-24 1989-01-31 Combastet M Michel Mechanical system for the continuous and staged conversion of a torque
EP0335903A1 (en) * 1986-12-15 1989-10-11 Csaba G Kurtossy Continuously variable power converter.
EP0335903A4 (en) * 1986-12-15 1991-11-27 Csaba G. Kurtossy Continuously variable power converter
EP0282430A2 (en) * 1987-02-05 1988-09-14 Nicolaos Botsis Self-adjusted power transmission with infinitely variable speed ratio employing toothed epicyclic gears
EP0282430A3 (en) * 1987-02-05 1990-03-14 Nicolaos Botsis Self-adjusted power transmission with infinitely variable speed ratio employing toothed epicyclic gears
WO2000071905A3 (en) * 1999-05-19 2001-12-20 Maksoud Ali Split-torque power transmission
DE19960028A1 (en) * 1999-12-02 2001-06-07 Frank Hoffmann Continuous gear, e.g. for vehicle; has differential gears that can be engaged directly or indirectly, where first has main rotation and intermediate rotations that can be transmitted to second gear
WO2007046722A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2007-04-26 Champlon Joao Armando Soledade Continuously variable transmission (cvt) through gears
RU2481513C2 (en) * 2007-09-28 2013-05-10 ВРТ Инновэйшнс ЛТД Adjustable transmission
RU2445531C1 (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-03-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Южно-Российский государственный университет экономики и сервиса" (ГОУ ВПО "ЮРГУЭС") Moment variator
AT517618A4 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-03-15 Johann Kropfreiter transmission assembly
AT517618B1 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-03-15 Ing Johann Kropfreiter transmission assembly
AT519361B1 (en) * 2017-03-15 2018-06-15 Ing Johann Kropfreiter transmission assembly
AT519361A4 (en) * 2017-03-15 2018-06-15 Ing Johann Kropfreiter transmission assembly
ES2693818A1 (en) * 2017-06-11 2018-12-13 Pedro URIBE CHAVERT Double Differential Change (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

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