DE3413372A1 - Surface detector, especially a practice target - Google Patents

Abstract

Using a surface detector, the position of an incidence point 35 of a light beam on a surface can be determined, and in particular the surface detector can be a practice target 30 for practice weapons which emit a light beam. In order to be able to detect the position of the incidence point using means which are as simple as possible, the detector has at least one flat luminescence body 31 on whose edge at least one photo-sensitive sensor 34 is arranged. An evaluation circuit 36 uses the amplitude of the sensor signals to determine the position of the incidence point 35 in relation to the at least one sensor 34, or to the centre of the practice target 30, and indicates this position. <IMAGE>

Description

Area detector, especially target

The invention relates to an area detector for detection the location of a point of incidence of a light beam on a surface, in particular Training weapons emitting a beam of light at a target.

With various metrological tasks, the problem can arise the point of incidence of a light beam on a surface, i.e. a two-dimensional one Structure, to be determined, for example when using a light pointer that is from Is deflected by hand or when minimal changes in position with the help of mirrors enlarged by reflection of a light beam on the mirror and thus measurable be made.

It is also known to use weapons converted to practice with firearms use that do not fire ammunition or practice ammunition while practicing, but rather the rather, they are equipped with a light transmitter that points in the direction of the barrel emits a sharply bundled light beam. In this way ammunition is saved, there are also special soundproofing devices and, in particular, safety measures not necessary because nobody can be endangered by the "light shooting".

In the following, under "Distance" or "Angle" of the point of impact the distance from the center of the target or

the angle between the line connecting the point of impact and the center understood with the horizontal.

Around the point of impact of the light beam in one of the cases mentioned to determine exactly, one has so far used area detectors with a large number of light-sensitive sensors distributed on the surface.

It is obvious that such detectors are extremely expensive are and require a considerable amount of wiring and evaluation, provided that one only a reasonably high resolution when measuring the point of impact want to achieve.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing an area detector, in particular to further develop a target of the type mentioned at the beginning, that with relatively little measurement and evaluation effort an accurate determination the point of impact of the light beam becomes possible.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the detector has at least one flat luminescent body, at the edge of at least a photosensitive sensor is connected and that an evaluation circuit is off the amplitude of the sensor signals the position of the point of impact, based on the at least one sensor or the center of the target, determined and displays.

The invention thus has the essential advantage that the measurement effort is considerably simplified because the incident light beam is locally limited This triggers luminescence in the body and this phenomenon occurs on the edge of the luminescent body arranged sensors, in the extreme case a single sensor, easily detected and with respect to the point of impact can be localized over a large area.

Due to the small number of sensors required, the cabling is also and evaluation effort is reduced, and the detectors or targets can be mechanically be made robust, which is especially the case with targets, which usually also be used outdoors is particularly desirable and advantageous.

Finally, the simple evaluability also allows for targets the number of rings achieved in each case with little effort, and depending on the embodiment of the invention to also indicate the direction of the deviation from the center or with suitable Display funds.

In one embodiment of the invention, the luminescent body is of the target when the light beam hits the front in the area the back is provided with a plurality of concentric rings or patterns, especially printed.

However, about any disturbance of the luminescence and total reflection to turn off, it is particularly preferable to put the things or patterns on a separate one To arrange the carrier at a distance from the rear.

This measure has the advantage that the shooter is familiar with the image a target without the rings printed on the back, which are easily visible from the front due to the transparency of buminescent bodies interfere with the luminescence process.

In a particularly simple embodiment of the invention, at least a sensor placed in the center of the concentric rings.

This measure has the advantage that with a single sensor, i. with minimal effort, the distance from the center, i.e. the ring achieved in each case, easy can be determined.

In a further development of this variant, the luminescent body is in the area of the center of the rings in the manner of a funnel from the surface of the luminescent body and the sensor is in front of the mouth of the funnel.

This measure has the advantage that a conventional flat handle is more photosensitive Sensor can be used due to the funnel-shaped design of the Luminescent body detected the target at the entire angle of 360 °. the Deflection of the liminescent light from the point of impact of the light beam is guaranteed by total reflection on the surfaces of the luminescent body.

In a further embodiment of the invention, in which the buminescent body can also be shaped like a funnel, the buminescent body is in the area of the center of the rings with a plurality of sector sensors distributed in a circle provided, which are each directed to a sector of the target.

The measure has the advantage that at least within sectors, For example, an additional statement is possible for each 450 sectors, in which direction the point of impact deviates from the center, so that the training weapon adjusted accordingly or the shooting behavior of the shooter corrected accordingly as we know it from conventional targets.

It is particularly advantageous to use optical separations for the sectors to be separated from each other, so that a light beam incident on a certain sector a acts only on the respectively assigned sector sensor.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the luminescent body is in the area of the center of the rings with a slotted luminescent ring body provided, which is provided with a sensor at at least one interface of the slot is.

This measure has the advantage that the angle of deviation from Center of the rings can be determined with one or two sensors.

However, the ring body does not need to be arranged in the center of the rings to be, he can rather be in any radial position concentric to the rings be arranged on the target, for example outside the rings.

In a further embodiment of the invention, is preferably on a plate, a plurality of concentric, slotted luminescent ring bodies arranged, which is provided at at least one interface of the slot with a sensor are.

This measure allows both the distance and the angle of the point of impact, because the ring hit is a measure for the distance and the position of the point of impact on the ring a measure of the angle is.

In a further embodiment of the invention, is preferably on a plate, a buminescent spiral body arranged on at least one end face is provided with a sensor.

This measure has the significant advantage that with the help of a single or two sensors both the distance and the angle relative to the center the rings can be determined because each length position on the spiral respectively an angle and a distance from the center are assigned.

In another embodiment of the invention, is preferably on a plate, a plurality of parallel luminescent strip bodies arranged, which are provided with a sensor on at least one end face. The inguinal bodies can be arranged horizontally or vertically, there can also be two layers of horizontal or vertical bar bodies be arranged one below the other.

These measures have the advantage that the target is like a Matrix is subdivided, the point of impact initially in Cartesian coordinates is determined, which is however easily in polar coordinates, i.e. distance and angle let convert from the center.

In the above embodiments, one can use of two sensors at the boundary or end surfaces of the buminescent body or ring body or spiral body or

Connect the bar body the sensors to a dividing stage.

This measure has the advantage that the measured value is independent of the respective intensity of the light beam and also independently of the uniformly incident Ambient light is because by measuring at both ends of the respective body a normalization is carried out that is independent of the absolute value of the light intensity is.

Another embodiment of the invention is characterized by that the buminescent body formed over a large area and at an edge surface with at least two spaced apart sensors is provided.

With these measures, it is advantageously possible to determine the distance from the point of impact to determine by both sensors, whereby the coordinates of the point of impact are fixed.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the suminescent body is formed over a large area and on four edge surfaces lying opposite one another in pairs provided with at least one sensor each. The evaluation circuit determines from the distances of the point of impact from a pair of opposing sensors the straight line connecting two possible points and from the straight lines of both pairs of Sensors the point of impact.

In the case of the variants described above, it is expedient to use an evaluation circuit that has a decoding stage for converting the sensor signals into Has polar coordinates.

As already mentioned, the polar coordinates correspond to those of targets interesting values. The radius corresponds to the ring hit and the angle of the respective angular deviation from the center. If the polar coordinates are determined electronically, the shooting result is also available immediately and can be displayed immediately without the target, as with conventional ones Arrangements that must be brought up to the slots. Also allows generation electronic data for the respective shooting result to save this data, so that a separate record keeping of the shooting results is not necessary is.

Finally, the buminescent body can have a further configuration of the invention can be designed as a target area or target oval on a man's target.

This measure has the advantage that the features according to the invention even with such targets it can be realized how to use them for combat practice shooting used.

In another embodiment of the invention, the sensors are designed as a double sensor and connected to the edges of the target via light guides associate.

This measure has the advantage that the sensors, for example can be arranged on a common substrate, so that their characteristics, their temperature dependence and the like.

to match. This is especially true when forming quotients important because when using sensors with different characteristics they become systematic Falsifications would result.

Further advantages emerge from the description and the attached Drawing.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing and is described in the following Description explained in more detail. The figures show: FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a shooting range according to the invention; 2a shows a basic diagram to explain the luminescent effect etched out according to the invention in a rod-shaped buminescent body in connection with an evaluation unit for determining the point of impact; Fig. 2b shows a schematic diagram like FIG. 2a, but in one embodiment example the light guide provided between the target and the evaluation unit and the sensors are arranged in the evaluation unit; FIG. 2c shows a basic illustration like FIG. 2a, but for the case of a flat buminescent body; 3a and Db show an embodiment a target with a centrally arranged sensor; 4a and 4b show an embodiment a target with several centrally arranged sector sensors; Fig. 5 a Embodiment of a target with a Buminessenz ring body; Fig. 6 a Embodiment of a target with several concentric Buminezzenz ring bodies; 7a shows an embodiment of a target with two on the side of the target arranged sensors; FIG. 7b shows a variant similar to that of FIG. 7a, however with two pairs of sensors on opposite edge surfaces; Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of a target with a buminescent spiral body; 9 shows an exemplary embodiment of a target with a plurality of targets arranged in parallel Buminescent bar body; 10a and 10b show an embodiment of a target As in FIG. 9, but with horizontal and vertical luminescent strip bodies arranged one below the other; 11 shows an embodiment of a man disk according to the invention; Fig. 12 a Another embodiment of a man disk according to the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a shooter with a training weapon 10, for example a rifle that conducts target practice, the training weapon 10 having a light source 11, for example a laser or another sharply focused light source is provided. A light beam 12 preferably enters from the training weapon 10 short pulse of light, which strikes a target 13. Layout and function the target 13 are explained in detail below.

The target 13 is connected to an evaluation and display unit via cable 14 15 in connection, which in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the shot Ring indicates. It goes without saying, however, that in addition to the closed ring, the respective angular deviation from the center can be displayed.

It goes without saying that instead of a cable 14, a light guide is also used can be found, as will be explained further below with regard to FIG. 2b.

Fig. 2 explains the underlying physical mechanism. The light beam 12 strikes the target, which is designed as a buminescent body 20 13 at a point of impact 28. As a result, 20 buminophores are formed in the buminescent body stimulated, which radiate light in all directions. Due to total reflections that reaches the flat surfaces of the suminescent body 20 from the bouminophores 21 emitted light essentially on the edge surfaces of the luminescent body 20, which are provided with photosensitive sensors 22, 23. The sensors 22, 23 are connected by lines 24, 25 to a quotient generator 26 with an output 27, wherein the quotient generator 26 is representative of a large number of possible evaluation circuits 29 stands.

The intensities I1, I2 of the light rays emanating from the luminophores 21 falling on the sensors 22, 23 depend on the one hand on the respective distance of the point of impact 28 from the sensors 22, 23, but also from the optical attenuation constant OC of the material of the luminescent body 20. One designates the distance, for example of the point of impact 28 from the left sensor 22 in FIG. 2 with x, it can be shown that for the quotient of the intensities I1, I2 applies: I1 / I2 = C exp (-2 dx) where for the constant C applies: C = exp (Al) and where furthermore 1 is the length of the suminescent body 20 i.e.

is the distance between the sensors 22, 23 from one another.

The signal at the output 27 of the quotient generator 26 is thus a direct one Measure for x, i.e. the distance of the point of impact 28 from the sensor 22, whereby the Normalization of the absolute value of the intensities has dropped out.

Of course, it is also possible to use only a single sensor 22 or 23 and only the exponential dependence of the distance x des Use the point of impact 28 from the respective sensor 22 or 25, this simplification the measurement setup, however, must be dependent on the absolute value of the intensity buy.

Fig. 2b shows a variant of the arrangement according to FIG. 2a, in which the Lines 24, 25, which correspond to the cable 14 from Pig. 1 correspond by light guide 24a, 25a have been replaced.

The light guides 24a, 25a are connected directly to the target 13 and lead to the sensors 22, 23, which in the embodiment according to FIG. 2b as Double sensor, for example as a differential photodiode, are formed.

In such a component there are two detector elements directly next to one another, for example on a common substrate, so that they were manufactured under identical conditions and are also identical in operation conditions subject. In the case of the formation of the quotient I1 / I2 described above, no falsifications due to different characteristics of the individual sensors 22, 23 enter.

Fig. 2c is a representation corresponding to FIG. 2a, but for the Case of a flat buminescent body 20a. The detectors 22a, 23a are located on opposite edge surfaces of the buminescent body 20a. The distance of the point of impact 21a from the sensor 22a is r1 and the distance from the other detector 23a denoted by r2.

It can now be shown that with a buminescent body 20a in the form a plate the intensities I1 to 12 the amount: I1 = IO / r1 exp (r1) and 12 = Accept IO / r2 exp (ar2). In the event of very little attenuation in plate 20a, i.e. for the Pall of a very small α, the above simplify Relationships to the expression: 11/12 = r2 / r1, assuming that multiple reflections do not interfere with the edges of the plate.

From the last-mentioned relationship it can be seen that from the quotient the intensities of the quotient of the radii of the circles can be determined on which the The point of impact 21a is located. If the position of the sensors 22a, 23a is known themselves accordingly the position of the point of impact 21a or a pair of possible such points determine what further below to the embodiments of Pig. 7 in more detail will be received.

In a first practical embodiment of an inventive Target shown in Figures 3a and 3b becomes target 30 of a Luminesze-nzkörper 31 shown. How to use in particular in conjunction with Db can be seen are on the back of the luminescent body 31 concentric Rings 32 applied, as they are known from targets. Applying the Rings 32 on the back, for example by printing, has the advantage that the rings 32 can be perceived by the shooter in the usual way from the front can, because the suminescent body 31 is transparent, but on the other hand is the actual luminescence process as a result of the light beam striking from the front not influenced by the printed rings 32.

Depending on the material used for the luminescent body 31 and according to Art the arrangement of the sensors in this and in the following exemplary embodiments can be a direct printing of the rings 32 on the back of the luminescent body 31 lead to problems because the imprint may indicate total reflection disturbs the surfaces of the plate-shaped buminescent bodies. It is therefore in further Embodiment of the invention provided the rings 32 on a separate carrier 32a to print and this separate carrier 32a at a small distance from the Provide back of the luminescent body 31. Then it arises between the back of the luminescent body 31 and on the Printed carrier 32a Rings 32 a certain air gap and total reflection on the surfaces of the Buminescent body 31 is not impaired.

The center of the rings 32 in Fig. 3 is in the shape of a rearward Funnel 33 formed out. A sensor 34 thus has a light-emitting surface, namely the mouth of the funnel 33 opposite, so that the usual, planar structure photosensitive sensors can be used. An evaluation unit 36, the is connected to the sensor 34, provides a measure for the distance r of a point of impact 35 of the light beam on the target 30, while the angular deflection T from the center cannot be detected.

The evaluation unit 36 can contain, for example, a step function, the stages of which are dimensioned so that with a continuously changing output signal of the sensor 34 at the output of the evaluation unit 36 set signals that are digital the respective rings 32 are assigned.

4a and 4b show a further embodiment in which a target 40 is formed by a suminescent body 41, which is also is provided with rings 42 on the back. The center of the target 40 becomes in this case, however, formed by a plurality of sector sensors 43, 44, each of which a certain sector, in the exemplary embodiment of 45 ° in each case, is assigned. Between the sectors are expediently arranged optical separations 45 so that at at each point of impact 46 only one sector and thus one sensor 43 acted upon will. If there are n different sectors in one evaluation unit 47, both with n the relevant sector and with r the distance of the Point of impact 46 available from the center. It can therefore be a display of the respective Ring according to the distance r as well as a rough display of the angular deviation ¢ be made.

Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of a target 50, which have a flat buminescent body 51 with rings 52 printed on the back having. In addition, however, a buminescent ring body 53 is provided in the center, which is slotted, the interfaces in the area of the slit with sensors 55, 56 are provided.

Alternatively or additionally, a luminescent ring body 54 can be outside of the rings 52 be arranged, which is also slotted and with sensors 57, 58 in the Area of the slot is provided.

If a light beam strikes an impingement point 59, it becomes luminescent triggered at this point and light either reaches an area of the interior Luminescence ring body 53 and / or on a region of the outer luminescence ring body 54 and triggers a secondary luminescence in this or these. By means of the Sensors 55, 56 or 57, 58 can now be described in detail in relation to FIG Way, the position of a point characterizing the respective area is determined are triggered in which in the ring bodies 53 and / or 54 a secondary luminescence became. This allows the angular position T of the point of impact 59 to be determined at Using two ring bodies 53, 54, the distance r from the center can also be determined will.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the target 60 is preferably there from a plate 61, which need not be a luminescent body. On the plate 61, which in turn is provided with rings 62, are several concentric, optical appropriately separated buminescent ring bodies 63, 64, 65 are arranged, which are preferably congruent with the rings 62. Each of the ring bodies 63, 64, 65 is slotted and, in the manner already explained in relation to FIG. 5, with sensors 66, 67 Mistake. If a light beam hits a point of incidence 68, the atomic number can be used n of the ring hit and from position x on the ring in a Evaluation unit 69 indicates the distance r and the angle t from the center directly.

In this and in the following exemplary embodiments, it is true of one Plate 61 is talking about with differently shaped luminescent bodies, for example the rings 62, is provided, but it is understood that the plate 61 in the frame the present invention is not absolutely necessary, because the respective Buminescent body, for example the rings 62, the required mechanical stability can have to represent a target without it being an essentially the mechanical stability serving plate 61 is required.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7a, there is a target 70 a total of a suminescent body 71, on the back of which in turn rings 72 are printed. On a lateral edge surface 78 are two sensors 73, 74, im Distance from each other, arranged. If the light beam hits a point of impact 75, the signals of the sensors 73, 74 allow a conclusion about the distance of the Point of impact 75 from the sensors 73 and 74 to. The point of impact 75 must namely on a circle 76 with a radius R1 from the sensor 73 and on a Circle 77 with a radius R2 from the sensor 74 lie. The intersection of these loci 76, 77 results in the point of impact 75, this reshaping in an evaluation unit 79 can take place, which the radii R1 and R2 at a distance r and angle Lp from the center implements.

In the embodiment according to Pig. 7b, there is a target 130 from a large-area buminescent body 131 on which in the manner described Rings 132 are attached. The point of incidence of a light beam is identified by 133. At the upper and the lower boundary surface of the luminescent body 131 is a vertical Pair of sensors 134, 135 arranged, while de Buminescent body 131 a horizontal pair of sensors 136, 137 is provided.

In the vertical pair of sensors 134, 135, when the light beam hits Measure signals at point 133 which correspond to the removal of point 133 from sensors 134 and 135 correspond. One can therefore create a first locus in the form of a circle 139 with the distance r1 from the sensor 134 and a second locus in the form of a Record circle 138 at distance r2 from sensor 135, these two Circles 138, 139 intersect at point 133 and a point 140 symmetrical therewith. Around now to get a criterion for which of the points 133, 140 is the point of impact is, a corresponding measurement by means of the horizontal pair of sensors 136, 137 made, being in turn two circles with intersections result. The points 133, 140 are connected by a straight line 141, while the other two A straight line 142 connects points. The two straight lines 141, 142 intersect in the Point of impact 133, which is determined from the signals from the four sensors 134 to 137 can be.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 8, a target 80 has a any plate 81 with rings 82 on which a Buminezzenz spiral body is arranged is, the end faces of which are provided with sensors 84 and 85, respectively. There comes a ray of light at a point of impact 86, its position x on the elongated in the development Buminescent spiral body 83 can be determined, as explained above with regard to FIG. 2 became. With the help of a suitable table, characteristic curve or the like. Can now be in a Evaluation unit 87 from the signals of the sensors 84, 85 the distance r and the angle t can be determined.

As already mentioned in connection with FIG. 2, the use of two results Sensors 84, 85 have certain advantages, but in principle they can also be used with a single one Sensor 84 or 85 are worked.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 9, a target 90 has a any plate 91 which is provided with rings 92. on the plate 91 are several horizontal and parallel buminescent bar bodies lying next to each other 93, 94, 95 arranged, each at both ends (or at one end alone) with sensors 96, 97 are provided. One denotes the ordinal number of the last body 93 to 95 one above the other with y and the position of an impact point 98, for example on the side body 93 with x, shows that the arrangement according to FIG. 9 the function a matrix in which the position of the point 98 by Cartesian coordinates is defined.

The Cartesian coordinates can now be used in an evaluation unit 99 x, y into the corresponding polar coordinates r, corresponding to the distance and angle of the point of impact 98 are implemented.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 10a and 10b with a target 100 on a plate 101 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 9 in that two levels of tuminescent groin bodies are arranged one below the other are, as is clear from the sectional view of Fig. 10b.

On the side facing the shooter there are horizontal ones Luminescence strip bodies 103, 104, 105 with sensors 105, 105 on one each Interface. Underneath there are vertical buminescent strips 107, each with a corresponding sensor 108 at an interface and below are on the plate 101 rings 102 recorded.

A light beam falling on a point of impact 109 now triggers subordinate positions of the side bodies 104 and 107 Buminezzenz and associated signals can be picked up at the sensors 106, 108.

The position of the point of impact 109 results directly from the ordinal number of the respectively responding sensor, in the case shown in FIG. 10a Response of sensors 106 and 108. It will be understood that the arrangement of the Provide sensors 105, 106, 108 in FIG. 10a even with a continuous plate and then select the sensor that shows the maximum signal. By Assignment of these two sensors responding with the maximum signal is also possible precise localization in the x-y plane is possible.

In Fig. 11 a so-called man disc 110 is shown how to They used for combat training shooting. There is a silhouette on the man disk 110 112 of a person composed of several buminescent bodies 113, 114 which define the different target areas of the silhouette 112. At each luminescent body 113, 114 is connected to a sensor 115, 116 with which it can be determined whether a light beam has fallen on one of the target areas. It goes without saying that the luminescent bodies 113, 114 expediently from one another are separated by appropriate optical separations.

If one desires an even finer subdivision in the man disk according to FIG. 11 within the luminescent body 113, 114, this more precise position determination can be a The point of impact is made in one of the ways described above for the Figs. 2 to 10 have been described.

Fig. 12 shows a further variant of a so-called man disc 120, which uses a much more abstract silhouette. The target areas are subdivided in the man's disc 120 by rings 122, which are luminescent oval bodies 123 are formed.

As far as the oval bodies 123 are closed, a precise position determination can the points of impact by sensors 124, 125 in the manner of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG 6 take place, while sensors 127, 128 are provided for oval bodies that are not closed which allow a position determination in analogy to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2.

Finally, in the case of the man disc 120 according to FIG. 12, in the lower A second target 129 can also be provided in the area, with the additional outside of combat training target shooting can be practiced with the second target 129 can be designed according to one of the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 3 to 10.

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Claims (19)

Claims 1. Area detector for determining the position of a point of impact (28; 35; 46; 59; 68; 75; 86; 98; 109; 117; 126; 133) of a light beam (12) a surface, in particular a target (13; 30; 40; 50; 60; 70; 80; 90; 100; 110; 120; 130) for training weapons (10) emitting a light beam (12), characterized in that that the detector has at least one flat luminescent body (20; 31; 41; 51, 53, 53; 63, 64, 65; 71; 83; 93, 94, 95; 103, 104; 107; 113, 114; 123; 131), at least one photosensitive sensor (22, 23; 34; 43, 44; 55, 56, 57, 58; 66, 67; 73, 74; 83, 84; 96, 97; 105, 106, 108; 115, 116; 124, 125; 134, 135, 136, 137) is connected and that an evaluation circuit (29; 36; 47; 69; 79; 87; 99) the position of the point of impact from the amplitude of the sensor signals (28; 35; 46; 59; 68; 75; 86; 98; 109; 117; 126; 133) based on at least one Sensor (22, 23; 34; 43, 44; 55, 56, 57, 58; 66, 67; 73, 74; 83, 84; 96, 97; 105, 106, 108; 115, 116; 124, 125; 134, 135, 136, 137) or the center of the target (13; 30; 40; 50; 60; 70; 80; 90; 100; 110; 120; 130) determined and displayed. 2. Target according to claim 1, characterized in that the buminescent body (20; 31; 41; 51, 53, 53; 63, 64, 65; 71; 83; 93, 94, 95; 103, 104; 107; 113, 114; 123; 131) with the light beam (12) impinging on the front side in the area of Back with a plurality of concentric rings (32; 42; 52; 62; 72; 82; 92; 102;) or patterns, in particular is printed. 3. Target according to claim 2, characterized in that the rings (32; 42; 52; 62; 72; 82; 92; 102; 132) or sample on a separate carrier (32a) are arranged at a distance from the rear. 4. Target according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one sensor (34; 43, 44; 53) in the center of the concentric rings (32; 42; 52;) is arranged. 5. Target according to claim 4, characterized in that the buminescent body (31) in the area of the center of the rings (32) in the manner of a funnel (33) from the The surface of the buminescent body (31) is formed and that the sensor (34) located in front of the mouth of the funnel (33). 6. Target according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that that the buminescent body (41) in the area of the center of the rings (42) with a A plurality of sector sensors (43, 44) distributed in a circle are provided, which on each a sector of the target (40) are directed. 7. Target according to claim 6, characterized in that the sectors are separated from one another by optical separations (45). 8. Target according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that that the buminescent body (51) in the area of the center of the rings (42) with a slotted Buminessenz ring body (53) is provided, which is at least one interface of the slot is provided with a sensor (55, 56). 9. Target according to claim 2, characterized in that the Buminessenz body (51) with a slotted luminescent ring body concentric to the rings (52) (54) is provided, the at least one boundary surface of the slot with a sensor (57, 58) is provided. 10. Target according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that, preferably on a plate (61), a plurality of concentric, slotted luminescent ring bodies (63, 64, 65) is arranged, which at least one interface the slots are provided with sensors (66, 67). 11. Target according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that, preferably on a plate (81), a buminescent spiral body (83) is arranged is, which on at least one end face of the body (83) with a sensor (84, 85) is provided. 12. Target according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that, preferably on a plate (91), a plurality of parallel buminescent strip bodies (93, 94, 95) is arranged, which on at least one end face of the body (93, 94, 95) are provided with sensors (96, 97). 13. Target according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that, preferably on a plate (101), a plurality of horizontal buminescent strip bodies (103, 104) and below it a plurality of vertical buminescent strips (107) are arranged, each of which has sensors (105, 106, 108) on its end faces. are provided. 14. Target according to one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that that when using two sensors (22, 23; 55, 56,57,58; 66, 67; 84, 85; 96, 97) at the boundary or end surfaces of the buminescent bodies (20) or Ring body (53, 54; 63, 64, 65) or spiral body (83) or strip body (93, 94, 95; 103, 104, 107) the sensors (22, 23; 55, 56, 57, 58; 66, 67; 84, 84; 96, 97) are connected to a dividing stage (26). 15. Target according to one of claims 1 to 2 3, characterized in that that the Bumineezenzkörper (71) is formed over a large area and on an edge surface (78) provided with at least two spaced apart sensors (73, 74) is. 16. Target according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the Buminessenzkörper (131) formed over a large area and on four, each other in pairs opposite edge surfaces with at least one sensor each (134, 135, 136, 137) is provided that the evaluation circuit is based on the distances (r1, r2) of the point of impact (133) from a pair of opposing sensors (134, 135) the two possible Straight lines (141) connecting points (133, 140) and from the straight lines (141, 143) of both Pairs of sensors (134, 135; 136, 137) determine the point of impact (133). 17. Target according to one of claims 5 to 15, characterized in that that the evaluation circuit (47; 69; 79; 87; 99) has a decoding stage for converting the Sensor signals (n, r; n, x; R1, R2; x; x, y) in polar coordinates (r, +; r, t). 18. Target according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that that the buminescent body (113, 114; 123) as a target area or target oval on a Man disk (110; 120) is formed. 19. Target according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that that the sensors (22, 23) designed as a double sensor and via light guides (24a, 25a) are connected to the edges of the target.