DE3380399D1 - Plasmapheresis process - Google Patents

Plasmapheresis process

Info

Publication number
DE3380399D1
DE3380399D1 DE8383307635T DE3380399T DE3380399D1 DE 3380399 D1 DE3380399 D1 DE 3380399D1 DE 8383307635 T DE8383307635 T DE 8383307635T DE 3380399 T DE3380399 T DE 3380399T DE 3380399 D1 DE3380399 D1 DE 3380399D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
module
conducting
fibers
plasma
blood
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE8383307635T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ray Brown Duggins
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3380399D1 publication Critical patent/DE3380399D1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
    • A61M1/3403—Regulation parameters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
    • A61M1/3496—Plasmapheresis; Leucopheresis; Lymphopheresis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3601—Extra-corporeal circuits in which the blood fluid passes more than once through the treatment unit
    • A61M1/3603—Extra-corporeal circuits in which the blood fluid passes more than once through the treatment unit in the same direction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3601—Extra-corporeal circuits in which the blood fluid passes more than once through the treatment unit
    • A61M1/3604—Extra-corporeal circuits in which the blood fluid passes more than once through the treatment unit in opposite directions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/104—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body
    • A61M60/109—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/247—Positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/253—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood
    • A61M60/268—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood the displacement member being flexible, e.g. membranes, diaphragms or bladders
    • A61M60/279—Peristaltic pumps, e.g. roller pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/30—Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output
    • A61M60/36—Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output for specific blood treatment; for specific therapy
    • A61M60/37—Haemodialysis, haemofiltration or diafiltration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/424—Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/438—Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/845—Constructional details other than related to driving of extracorporeal blood pumps
    • A61M60/851—Valves
    • A61M60/853—Valves the valve being formed by a flexible tube element which is clamped for restricting the flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/147—Microfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3623—Means for actively controlling temperature of blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3306—Optical measuring means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A61M2205/3334—Measuring or controlling the flow rate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/104—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body
    • A61M60/109—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems
    • A61M60/113—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems in other functional devices, e.g. dialysers or heart-lung machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/20—By influencing the flow
    • B01D2321/2066—Pulsated flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/20—By influencing the flow
    • B01D2321/2083—By reversing the flow

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
DE8383307635T 1982-12-16 1983-12-15 Plasmapheresis process Expired DE3380399D1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/450,221 US4668399A (en) 1982-02-16 1982-12-16 Hollow fiber plasmapheresis process

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3380399D1 true DE3380399D1 (en) 1989-09-21

Family

ID=23787248

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE8383307635T Expired DE3380399D1 (en) 1982-12-16 1983-12-15 Plasmapheresis process

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US4668399A (de)
EP (1) EP0112173B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59120162A (de)
AT (1) ATE45502T1 (de)
AU (1) AU570019B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8306936A (de)
CA (1) CA1258642A (de)
DE (1) DE3380399D1 (de)
DK (1) DK580083A (de)
ES (2) ES8600946A1 (de)
GR (1) GR78782B (de)
IE (1) IE55079B1 (de)
IL (1) IL70456A (de)
MX (1) MX157826A (de)
ZA (1) ZA839291B (de)

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DE3672898D1 (de) * 1985-05-27 1990-08-30 Asahi Medical Co Hydrophile poroese composite-membran, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ein plasma-separator.
ES2041668T3 (es) * 1986-10-29 1993-12-01 Asahi Medical Co., Ltd. Unidad de recogida de componentes de la sangre.
US4950224A (en) * 1988-08-05 1990-08-21 Healthdyne, Inc. Apparatus and method for in vivo plasma separation
CA1325175C (en) * 1989-05-25 1993-12-14 Asahi Medical Co., Ltd. Compact plasma separator and an apparatus containing the same
US5017293A (en) * 1989-08-24 1991-05-21 Pfizer Hospital Products Group, Inc. Multi-pass blood washing and plasma removal device and method
DK119490D0 (da) * 1990-05-14 1990-05-14 Unes As Apparat til fremstilling af et koncentrat af koagulationsfaktorer, saasom fibrinogen, fra en blodportion
US5234608A (en) * 1990-12-11 1993-08-10 Baxter International Inc. Systems and methods for processing cellular rich suspensions
DK167517B1 (da) * 1991-11-11 1993-11-15 Squibb & Sons Inc Beholder til optagelse og adskillelse af en vaeske, fortrinsvis blodplasma, i dennes bestanddele
US5554293A (en) * 1993-06-28 1996-09-10 C. R. Bard, Inc. Disposable blood washing and apheresis device and method of using thereof
ZA948564B (en) * 1993-11-19 1995-07-26 Bristol Myers Squibb Co Liquid separation apparatus and method
NZ298283A (en) * 1994-12-02 1999-01-28 Bristol Myers Squibb Co Preloaded reagent delivery capsule for blood plasma centrifuge
MX9704017A (es) * 1994-12-02 1998-02-28 Bristol Myers Squibb Co Metodo y dispositivo para separar fibrina i del plasma sanguineo.
US5733446A (en) * 1994-12-02 1998-03-31 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Centrifuge with annular filter
US6528057B1 (en) * 1998-08-31 2003-03-04 Julian L. Ambrus Method for removal of HIV and other viruses from blood
US7291122B2 (en) * 2000-03-24 2007-11-06 Immunocept, L.L.C. Hemofiltration methods for treatment of diseases in a mammal
ES2198216B1 (es) * 2002-07-02 2005-04-16 Juan Carlos Instituto Cientifico Y Tecnologico De Navarra, S.A.(67%). Medio de cultivo de celulas madre-progenitoras autologas humanas y sus aplicaciones.
BRPI0313399A2 (pt) * 2002-08-13 2016-11-08 Arbios Technologies Inc terapia de troca de plasma seletiva
RU2353399C2 (ru) * 2003-01-17 2009-04-27 Этлон Медикал, Инк. Способ удаления вирусов из крови посредством лектин-аффинного гемодиализа
WO2005026224A1 (en) * 2003-09-17 2005-03-24 Gambro Lundia Ab Separating material
US8206650B2 (en) * 2005-04-12 2012-06-26 Chromedx Inc. Joint-diagnostic spectroscopic and biosensor meter
CA2507323A1 (en) * 2005-05-13 2006-11-13 Chromedx Inc. Diagnostic whole blood and plasma apparatus
CA2517299A1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2007-02-26 Chromedx Inc. Hollow needle assembly
US20100245803A1 (en) * 2005-04-12 2010-09-30 Chromedx Inc. Blood sample holder for spectroscopic analysis
US7740804B2 (en) * 2005-04-12 2010-06-22 Chromedx Inc. Spectroscopic sample holder
US7384549B2 (en) * 2005-12-29 2008-06-10 Spf Innovations, Llc Method and apparatus for the filtration of biological solutions
US8747669B1 (en) 2005-12-29 2014-06-10 Spf Innovations, Llc Method and apparatus for the filtration of biological samples
AU2011271943B2 (en) * 2010-06-28 2013-09-05 Kyowakiden Industry Co., Ltd. Hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane
JP2016533497A (ja) 2013-07-09 2016-10-27 エスアールアイ インターナショナルＳＲＩ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ 放射線傷害の線量評価のためのバイオマーカーパネルおよびマイクロ血漿フィルター
CA3088023C (en) 2018-03-08 2023-03-21 Repligen Corporation Tangential flow depth filtration systems and methods of filtration using same
JP7519912B2 (ja) 2018-05-25 2024-07-22 レプリゲン・コーポレイション タンジェンシャルフローフィルトレーションのシステムおよび方法

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US3342729A (en) * 1964-12-09 1967-09-19 Dow Chemical Co Permeability separatory cell and apparatus and method of using the same
GB1381410A (en) * 1971-12-10 1975-01-22 Kroyer K K K Process of diluting or concentrating a solution by osmosis dialysis or ultra-filtration and apparatus for carrying out said process
GB1442754A (en) * 1972-06-28 1976-07-14 Nat Res Dev Apparatus for and method of effecting heat or mass transfer berween fluids
US3853756A (en) * 1973-02-12 1974-12-10 Westinghouse Electric Corp Reverse pressure cleaning of supported semipermeable membranes
CH582013A5 (de) * 1974-09-17 1976-11-30 Univ Bern Pathophysiologisches
US4247498A (en) * 1976-08-30 1981-01-27 Akzona Incorporated Methods for making microporous products
US4191182A (en) * 1977-09-23 1980-03-04 Hemotherapy Inc. Method and apparatus for continuous plasmaphersis
WO1979001121A1 (en) * 1978-05-25 1979-12-27 Department Of Commerce Process for separating blood cell-containing liquid suspensions by filtration
JPS559227A (en) * 1978-06-30 1980-01-23 Fujitsu Ltd Character display system using gas discharge panel
JPS56110625A (en) * 1980-02-05 1981-09-01 Takeda Chem Ind Ltd Separating method of blood plasma and apparatus for the same
US4381775A (en) * 1980-02-05 1983-05-03 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Method for low pressure filtration of plasma from blood
US4343705A (en) * 1980-10-31 1982-08-10 Instrumentation Laboratory Biological liquid fractionation using alternate opposite flow directions across a membrane
DE3279765D1 (en) * 1981-07-22 1989-07-20 Du Pont Plasmapheresis by reciprocatory pulsatile filtration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8306936A (pt) 1984-07-24
JPS59120162A (ja) 1984-07-11
AU2244983A (en) 1984-06-21
GR78782B (de) 1984-10-02
EP0112173B1 (de) 1989-08-16
CA1258642A (en) 1989-08-22
ES528027A0 (es) 1985-11-01
DK580083A (da) 1984-06-17
US4668399A (en) 1987-05-26
IL70456A (en) 1988-02-29
ES8605689A1 (es) 1986-04-01
EP0112173A2 (de) 1984-06-27
DK580083D0 (da) 1983-12-15
MX157826A (es) 1988-12-15
ZA839291B (en) 1985-07-31
ES8600946A1 (es) 1985-11-01
AU570019B2 (en) 1988-03-03
IL70456A0 (en) 1984-03-30
IE55079B1 (en) 1990-05-23
ES539188A0 (es) 1986-04-01
EP0112173A3 (en) 1986-02-26
IE832954L (en) 1984-06-16
ATE45502T1 (de) 1989-09-15

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