DE3341566A1 - Axle bearing pocket with accessories as an equipment system for developing countries - Google Patents

Abstract

The axle bearing pocket is a construction element which offers the novel possibility of constructing, in developing countries, devices with rotating axles which are adapted to the particular requirements and of providing these devices with various tools and accessories. In order to achieve this aim, the axle bearing pocket is designed as an enlarged roller bearing with the following functions: 1. Axles or various cross-sections (even square beams) or crankshafts can be rotatably supported. 2. The roller holding device of the axle bearing is in the form of compound brackets in order to achieve a firm connection between the rotating mechanism and the underframe to be produced locally and to direct pressure into the latter. 3. Accessories can be mounted on the pocket for step-up gearings, additional axles and any additional inventions arising from the particular requirements. The axle bearing pocket fulfils these functions in relation to item 1. by means of a tube section which is rotatably mounted in ball bearings or rollers arranged in a circle and through which axles of any desired cross-section can be inserted and fixed therein, in relation to item 2. by means of sheet-steel sides, the trapezoidal shape of which corresponds to the span of the underframe, has openings for supporting the axle and accepts and carries away pressure, and in relation to item 3. by means of a cowl which connects the trapezoidal side plates to form a pocket closed on three sides, can be provided with threaded holes or bolts for fixing ... Original abstract incomplete.

Description

"Axle bearing bag with accessories - a device system for the

Development aid 11 are commercial activities and economic growth tied to rotating axes and tools that are usually driven by Electric or internal combustion engines. But where are such motors and the associated energy supply does not exist, is a manufacturing industry with rotating tools and the modern civilization based on it hardly possible.

This fact applies to most of the earth's population in the Third and fourth world countries.

The currently growing indebtedness of developing countries makes It is impossible to provide the still underserved, poor population with centrally fed electricity networks to connect or provide them with internal combustion engines as a prerequisite for their-commercial development in connection with the western world. For this population who also wants to be commercially active and successful must therefore be someone else Kind of energy supply to be created so that they also operate rotating tools can be used to process available material.

For this purpose, gravity is available in the form of flywheels, because mass equals energy.

The invention explained below is therefore concerned with the task the well-known flywheels in the way as a drive for commercially usable To use devices by 1. industrially manufactured structural parts (the axle box with their accessories) as a device system for various uses Can be adapted to the needs and realities of the underdeveloped Population, 2. the tool-bearing axis both tubes of the various sizes and usual profiles (possibly scrap) as well as square beams and round timbers can, so that part of the equipment manufacturing and final assembly by the user company can be done by oneself, 3. total craftsmanship in scrap recycling or the final assembly from industrially manufactured parts both in metropolitan areas Peripheral areas (slums) as well as remote agricultural areas is possible as a suggestion, stop the rural exodus 4. Precision ball bearings, such as those found in expensive, large dimensions can be used in high-speed machines, are dispensable, but still a smooth running with low frictional resistance is achieved, 5. the structural parts Can be taken apart without difficulty for changing tools respectively.

for system combinations for sawing, grinding, drilling etc., 6. various Possibilities are given to construct the underframes and also improvised To provide a firm hold, 7. the device with the flywheels at the same time is mobile and 8. a plant shredding tool according to the protection application principle G 82 29 146.2 can be used.

The aforementioned tasks are carried out by the axle box and its Accessory parts with the following functions fulfill A The openings directed to the side the axle box are used to accommodate an associated race as part of the Drive shaft that can be pulled out of the opening again.

B The opening pointing downwards is used to accommodate accordingly matching parts of a locally existing or to be manufactured substructure.

C The mounting plate on the narrow side is used for fastening of all construction parts that are assigned to the device system for the purpose of using various tools on the drive axle and with additional devices commercial Work with the help of flywheel energy to be carried out at any location due to the drivability of the device.

Here, the axle box is used in pairs for construction of complete devices, but also for individual use as a supplement and extension these devices in the axial direction to operating systems in the shared use of wind and Hydropower.

The axle box with its accessories is in drawings and explanations described below.

In the drawings, the axle box pocket is shown in FIG View obliquely from the front, FIG. 2 the axle box in side view, FIG. 3 the section A-A from Fig. 2 horizontally through the axle box with the tool-bearing axle and Wheel hub, Fig. 4 vertical section through a device with axle box and structure with additional axis as an accessory, Fig. 5 horizontal section through the Additional axis, Fig. 6 a schematic plan view of a device extension with additional Axle bearing pocket, Fig. 7/8 views and sections of flywheels as accessories Axle box pockets.

Fig. 9 Front view of a device with axle box and accessories as a hand-held device with flywheel drive for chopping up plant matter, Fig. 10 Axial side view of the device according to FIG. 9 tilted into the driving position.

The axle box is based on the state of the art for roller bearings which are industrially manufactured in many different designs and arrangements.

According to the invention, the special feature of the axle box is that that the holder for circular, irregularly arranged roles at the same time the sronstruktionselement is to be used to connect all other individual parts of the intended device system In addition, the axle box is designed so that it can be used in development aid handcrafted in scrap recycling with reduced demands on precision there can be used where industrially manufactured precision bearings have not yet been used Find application, but should open up a new area of application for them.

Contains in adaptation to the requirements in developing areas the axle box is a roller bearing for the rotatable mounting of an exchangeable, tool-bearing drive axle, the retaining plates for the roller axles a Form a pocket into which the underframe can be inserted and on the outer sides all additional parts for the device system can be mounted. is.

The axle box consists of two parallel faces at a certain distance mutually arranged, trapezoidal sheets, called trapezoidal sheets 1 with each an opening 2 arranged in the axis of symmetry. The diameter of the opening 2 corresponds to that of the associated race 3, which is within the slightly larger Opening 2 is rotatable.

The distance between the trapezoidal sheets 1 is determined by the Length of bearing rollers 4, which can be rotated between the trapezoidal sheets 1 by means of axle bolts 5 are attached so that embedded in their semicircular arrangement, the raceway 3 is rotatable on roller bearings. The race 3 encloses a drive axle inserted through it 9. It can consist of a piece of boiler pipe and is facing outwards Edge provided with a sheet metal ring 8 with its inwardly directed flank the bearing rollers 4 almost touched.

The interaction of bearing rollers 4 and sheet metal ring 8 has the task of to prevent the drive axle 9 from giving way to the side during the turning process.

The trapezoidal sheets 1 have bevels on their surrounding sides 6, which are directed outwards.

The opposite bevels 6 on the sloping sides and on the upper, short parallel side of the trapezoidal sheets 1 are shaped accordingly angled Blontageplatte 7 covered and fastened to one another by spot welding. The outer edges of the mounting plate 7 are flush with the outer edges of the bends 6 of the trapezoidal sheets 1, between which a pocket-like space 10 is thus created.

On the mounting plate 7 holes are made for attaching all further construction parts, which are necessary for the operation of the built with axle box Device are necessary.

The race 3 encloses a tool-bearing inserted through it Drive axis 9, which can have different cross-sections and after possibly Necessary from feeding the space to the inside of the. Race 3 with this is fastened by a screw 11.

Various materials can thus be used as the drive axle 9 : Round and square tubes, profile iron, round and square timbers. Square tubes and squared timbers have the advantage that a tool 14 centrally corresponding opening Slid in a rotationally fixed manner onto the drive shaft 9 and secured between the raceways 3 can be. Likewise, the flywheel hubs can be attached to the free ends of the drive axle 9 12 in the form of square tubes can be pushed on and releasably attached with a through hole 19 for a split pin.

The attachment of axle box pockets to substructures is on different ways possible. The downward opening of the space 10 between the trapezoidal sheets 1 can be made from suitably cut pins of a frame Wooden beams or planks or made of steel profiles can be put over and through holes be fastened in the mounting plate 7 or in the trapezoidal sheets 1. Another The possibility of fixing consists in the axle bearing pockets with their lower, long ones To put parallel sides on each a bar and thus through holes 20 ill the to connect lower fold 6 by means of screws.

Two axle box pockets belonging to a device are in the tool-related Distance to each other connected by protective plates 13, which either from the front to the Inclined sides of the mounting plate 7 or from behind on the inner folds 6 of the Trapezoidal sheets 1 are attached. If a tool 14 is used, for example, for shredding plants according to the principle of protection application G 82.29 146.2 used on drive axle 9, so are two shear angles 15, 15 a as a further cross connection on to attach the upper part of the mounting plate 7 by using their holes over the stand bolts 16 welded to the mounting plate 7 are turned upside down and with nuts be pressed. Both shear angles 15 and 15a are in turn connected to one another transversely by two cross bolts 17 with screwed nuts. These cross bolts 17 have the Task to attach the funnel 18 between the shear angles 15 and 15a and by tightening the nuts more or less firmly on the cross bolts 17 adjust the shear accuracy to the tool 14. It does this in the following way A steel strip 21 is made on the inside of the functioning shear bar 15a screwed onto harder metal by touching the shear edge of the with its lower edge Tool 14 touches. The shear angle 15a lies on the stand bolt 16 on a rubber washer 22. This allows the shear angle 15a when tightening the nut of the transverse bolt 17 can be tilted a little if necessary in order to hold the shear connection.

The corresponding minimal narrowing in the width of the feed hopper 18 is reached by the kinked or curved transverse wall of the filling funnel 18.

This entire structure of the accessories 15 to 18, as well as 21 and 22 is retained when a tool 14 is replaced on the drive axle 9. the Replacement takes place as follows: After detaching the flywheel hubs 12 from the free ends of the drive shaft 9 and after loosening the screw 11 can be the thus loosened race 3 from its roller bearing 4 in the opening 2 of the axle box pull out over the end of the drive shaft 9. The other race 3 remains with it the drive axle 9 connected and both parts can be removed from the other roller bearing 4 Pull out the other axle box until the tool 14 is down falls. Reinstallation takes place in the opposite direction.

According to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the inner race 3 is used Part behind the screw 11 as a pulley 3a in the event that on the mounting plate 7 a stand 23 is attached by means of the stand bolts 16 for the purpose of attaching the Additional axis 24. This is provided with a transmission pulley 25 to a Operate tool 26 located on additional axis 24 at a higher number of revolutions to be able to.

The attachment of this tool 26 (e.g. a circular saw blade) on the additional axis 24 requires a special solution because there is no free end of the axis with thread and nut is available, but because both ends of the additional axis 24 are stored in the stand 23 attached to the mounting plate 7.

The stand 23 consists of a trapezoidal frame e.g.

made of angle steel and its height extends over the radius of the flywheel. In the upper, horizontal frame part of the stand 23 there is a welded one Threaded sleeve 27 with a screw 28, at the tip of which the thread becomes a smooth Shank 28a is turned off. This can be screwed into the bore of a Ball bearing 29 are introduced and pulled out again. The ball bearing 29 is fitted into the square tube of the additional axle 24.

The square profile makes it possible to use tools 26 with appropriate Square opening to be arranged non-rotatably on the additional axis 24 and laterally on her to move. The right-angled position of the tools 26 to the axis is achieved by two flange disks 30, which rest on both sides of the tool 26 and by means of Arbors are attached to the additional axle 24 through bores 31.

On the stand 23 enable cross members 32 arranged axially parallel the construction of a rotatably mounted drill chuck as a tool 26a with a belt pulley when the flat belt is rotated by 90 degrees to the drive axis 9.

A table 33 is provided on the upper frame part of the stand 23 with notches for tools 26 and for a large pulley up to the radius 26 to operate a tool with low speed but high torque.

-By the height of the table 33 above the radius of the flywheels can Wood (including sheet material) can be cut across.

The axle box is suitable for a device consisting of it to be expanded in the axial direction according to FIG. 6. For this purpose, the Distance a single axle box built up at the same height and up to there the drive shaft 9 of the device is extended with a similar extension shaft 34.

Square tubes or square timbers are best suited for this the non-rotatable connection of both axles by means of a flywheel hub 12 as a connecting sleeve in the form of a slightly larger square tube.

A drive axle 9 extended in this way for the extended system can serve various purposes and enable combinations. One in the third Axle bearing pocket available additional race 3 with its share acting as a pulley 3a can be connected to an external energy source. One can do that Wind turbine, a water wheel or one arranged below the extension axis 34 Be an internal combustion engine, which means that its exhaust fumes away from the workplace on the device ejects, which helps avoid a health hazard for those working on the device.

But to be independent of such external energy sources belongs One flywheel each for accessories for the axle box.

This consists of the following parts: flywheel hub 12, hub flanges 35, disc parts 36, surrounding ring 37, filling angle 38, threaded sleeve 39, handle 40 On the flywheel hub 12, consisting of a piece of square tube, hub flanges 35 are welded on. They consist of two square sheet metal disks with a central opening that corresponds to the outer cross-sectional dimension of the flywheel hub 12 corresponds to The distance between the hub flanges 35 depends on the Material from which the disc parts 36 are made. For sheet material, the thickness is equal to the distance between the hub flanges 35 according to FIG. If the disc parts 36 formed from intersecting boards as in Fig. 8, it is twice the board thickness equal to the distance between the hub flanges 35 on the flywheel hub 12.

The disc parts 36 should result in a closed wheel surface, so In contrast to spoked wheels, there is no risk of accidents on those turning while stationary Flywheels.

A surrounding ring 37 is provided for the outer delimitation of the wheel disks Screws attached to the disk parts 36. The surrounding ring 37 can be made of steel band exist. Welded to this are four filler plates 38 in the form of angled ones Sheet metal strips in the width of the surrounding ring 37. The fill angle 38 and Surrounding ring 37 formed space can be filled with concrete and thus results the ## nenergy-generating flywheel mass of the drive wheels.

At one of the four filler angles 38 per flywheel there is a pipe section 39 with internal thread welded on to accommodate the handle 40 The example of a Combination of axle boxes AT with accessories to form a device on a base, that e.g.

consists of scaffolding planks, Fig. 9 shows here the AT accessory part Filling funnel 18 is provided with a clip nose 41, each using one reinforcing washer 42 with two rivets on a front plate of the hopper 18 is attached. The clip nose 41 has a on its lower, angled part opening with the task of shredding plants with the Tool 14 (G 82 29 146.2) to hold the necessary replenisher 43 within reach. The replenisher 43 is through the arrangement of its cross handle with a depth limit from the upper edge of the filling funnel 18 to the cutting radius of the tool 14 Mistake.

Have flywheels as a complementary accessory to the axle box compared to electric and internal combustion engines the advantage that they are independent of external Energy supplies with the flywheels and their built-in, constant energy masses (Concrete fillings within the fill angle 38) torque outputs are generated can be used at the moment of need without unnecessarily long idling during work breaks.

There are innumerable short-term and low-value in the commercial economy Work carried out with such energy and with devices from axle box pockets could be without using expensive electrical machines and consuming electricity to have to. There is another advantage over electric and internal combustion engines that flywheels as motor drives in connection with free usable, human arm and body strength at the same time as a driving device for the with axle box The device constructed is used according to Fig. 10. The two bearing rollers come into the driving position Wa to act as a roller bearing for the races 3.

With the many possible combinations that the axle box with their accessories that still have to be supplemented, is this construction system particularly suitable for use in Third and Fourth World countries dyrt to promote commercial activities.

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Claims (21)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü-c h e 1. Axle bearing pockets with accessories thereby characterized that with the axle box by inserting or screwing, by adding welded, riveted or screwed connections the accessories in different Combinations to devices and devices for commercial purposes too connect is. 2. axle box according to claim 1, characterized in that it made of two trapezoidal sheets, so-called Trapezoidal sheets (11, which each have a circular opening in their axes of symmetry (2) also have bends (6) on their peripheral edges, each of which are directed outwards and are welded flush with the outer edges with a Mounting plate (7) angled in a corresponding trapezoidal shape, the width of which at the same time the width of the pocket-like space (10) results. 3. axle box according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the opening (2) is surrounded by a circular arrangement of irregularly distributed Holes in the trapezoidal sheets (1) for axle bolts (5), which are in the space (10) Hold the L # a # g # er # rolls (#) arranged on the trapezoidal sheets (1) in a rotatable position and enclose the bearing ring (3) embedded therein with their running surfaces. 4. axle box according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the mounting plate (7) is provided with holes for the accessory mounting of the protective plates (13) and the shear angle by means of welded-in stand bolts (16) with threaded nuts (15, 15a), as well as the stand (23). 5. axle box according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the space formed by the trapezoidal sheets (1) and the mounting plate (7) (10) accommodates dimensionally appropriate parts of underframes and that holes (20) in the lower bend (6) of the trapezoidal sheets (1) for fastening substructures to serve. 6. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that that the race (3) consists of a piece of steel pipe (e.g. boiler pipe) that is connected to a hole (11) is provided for screw fastening to the one through the raceway (3) through drive shaft (9), further characterized in that the outer end of the raceway (3) is firmly connected to a sheet metal ring (8) and the opposite Inner end serves as a pulley (3a). 7. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1, 2 and 6, characterized in that that the drive shaft (9) guided through the raceway (3) has a square cross-section has for the non-rotatable mounting of the tools (14) and the flywheel hub (12). 8. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1, 2 and 4, characterized in that that two axle bearing pockets belonging to a device by two shear angles (15,15a) are connected axially parallel to each other by means of the on the mounting plates (7) both axle bearing pockets welded stand bolts (16). These are the ones Shear angle (15,15a) fastened by means of threaded nuts, while they are also among each other are connected to each other transversely to the axis by two transverse bolts (17) with end threads and nuts. 9. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1, 2, 4, 8, characterized in that that the shear angle (15a) provided for the shear action with your tool (14) is a inwardly directed doubling by a steel strip (21) and this is screwed to the shear angle (15a) displaceably and at the same time the shear angle (15a) on the stand bolt (16) on a rubber washer (22). 10. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1, 2, 4, 8, 9, characterized in that that the transverse bolt (17) has a filling funnel arranged between the shear angles (15, 15a) (18) which consists of two front panels (18a) with curved side edges and two between the front panels (18a) firmly connected to it, angled in a U-shape Side plates (18b) consists. 11. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1 and 9, characterized in that that on one of the two front panels (18a) a clamping lug (41) by rivets with reinforcing Washers (42). is attached, consisting of a T-shaped sheet, whose End-rounded '. Cross beam by 180 degrees and its foot end with an incision provided and is also bent by 180 degrees for the purpose of clamping a re-pod (43) as an accessory especially for the filling funnel (18). 12. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1 and 7, characterized in that that on # .the free ends of the drive shaft (9) according to their square cross-section Flywheel hubs (12) in the form of square pipe pieces pushed on and through each a bore (19) is secured with a split pin, further characterized in that that on the flywheel hubs (12) two hub flanges (35) in the form of a square Sheets with central square openings are welded at the distance of the thickness the disc parts (36). 13. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1, 7, 12, characterized in that that the disc parts (36) inserted into the hub flanges (35) to form a surface are limited by a surrounding ring (37), on which four evenly distributed Filling angle (38) in the form of sheet metal strips bent at right angles and of the same width like those of the surrounding ring (37) are welded on. 14. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1,7,12,13, characterized in that that each flywheel is welded to one of the four on the surrounding ring (37) Filling angle (38) welded into a steel tube with an internal thread as a threaded sleeve (39) is for receiving an externally threaded handle (40). 15. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1, 2, 4, 8, characterized in that that on the stand bolts (16) of each axle box the trapezoidal frame of a Stand (23) is to be attached with its upper, wide side over the radius of the flywheel protrudes and on this upper frame part a hole with back-welded Has threaded sleeve (27). 16. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, characterized in that that in the threaded sleeves (27) on two uprights (23) each an additional axle (24) waggrecht is mounted by means of screws (28), the tips of which form a smooth shaft (28a) are turned off and by turning the thread into the bores of ball bearings (29) and can be turned, which fitted into the free ends of the additional axis (24) are. 17. Accessories for axle box nactln claim 1,2,4,8,15,16 thereby characterized in that the additional axis (24) consists of a square tube on which further accessories are pushed on so that they cannot rotate and through holes (31) with screws, Bolts, split pins, splicing pins are secured before and after lateral movement. These include a) belt pulleys (25) consisting of a piece of pipe b) tools (26), e.g. circular saw blades with a central square opening, c) flange washers (30), which rest on both sides of the tool and through holes (31) on the Additional axis 24) are attached. 18. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1,2, A, 8,15-17 thereby characterized in that two uprights (23) mounted on axle box pockets are covered through a table top (33) with slots for inserting the tools (26) and large pulleys up to the radius of these tools (26). 19. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1,2,4,8,15-18 thereby characterized in that each two uprights (23) cross members (32) are mounted for Attachment of a tool device (26a), the axis of rotation of which is at right angles to the drive axis (9) or to the additional axis (24). 20. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1,2,3,5,6,7,12 thereby characterized in that the flywheel hub (12) consists of two axle bearing pockets The device also serves as a connecting sleeve when the drive shaft is extended (9) by means of the extension axle (34) using a third axle box with raceway (3) and the associated pulley (3a) for the connection to an external energy source. 21. Accessories for axle box according to claim 1,2,6,7,12,13, 14 and 20 characterized in that a device consisting of two axle boxes with two races (3, 3a) and two flywheels on the drive axle (9) as a countershaft is used to generate electricity by a flywheel with handle (40) or Rotational energy absorbed by a pulley (3a) via the other flywheel with its surrounding ring (37) as a belt pulley is transferred to the armature shaft an alternator attached below the axle box.