DE3336115A1 - Shear closure hook for a tensile connection - Google Patents

Abstract

Such a shear closure hook is used especially on towing cables (7) or towing bars for motor vehicles, in general for land vehicles, water vehicles and aircraft, and on chains for animals. The arrangement of a shear closure hook can be made on one or both ends of the tensile means. In this case, the shear closure hooks are in each case formed from two hook parts (1 and 2), which rest flat on one another, are held together by means of a bearing sleeve (3) and can rotate relative to one another about the centre axis (6) of the bearing sleeve (3), the tensile means (7) running through the bearing sleeve internal space, and the hook parts (1 and 2) supplementing one another in the closed position (8) to form an eye (9) which is closed over the circumference. Towing cables (7) or towing bars are subject to increasing tensile stress in the event of reductions in separation and track deviations of the towing vehicle, as well as to certain lateral force components which can exert disadvantageous influences on the hook parts (1 and 2) of a shear closure hook. In order to counteract the undesired opening of the hook parts (1 and 2) without significantly hindering the process of deliberate release of the tensile connection, it is proposed that the hook parts (1 and 2) in each case be subject to the force of at least one stressed closing spring (10) in the closing direction (11), and that the closing spring (10) be subjected in the closing direction (8) to a prestress which can be cancelled out by hand. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a scissor locking hook for a train connection, in particular on tow ropes or on Tow bars for motor vehicles attached at one or both ends is and each of two lying flat on top of each other and held together by a bearing sleeve, relative each other about the central axis of the bearing sleeve rotatable hook parts is formed, wherein the traction means by the Bearing sleeve interior runs and wherein the hook parts in the closed position to a closed over the circumference Complete the eyelet.

Such pull connections consist of tow ropes, tow bars, damping devices, chain hoists, towing devices and the like for land, water and air vehicles or from chains intended for animals. The connection between the traction mechanism and the object to be fastened forms the initially designated scissor locking hook.

Such a scissor locking hook is known from German utility model 77 31 992.

Scissor locking hooks, which are used for hanging in eyelets, chain links and the like, do not just have to be secure and firm hold against the acting forces, but they also have to be used if the scissor locking hook is to be unhooked, allow easy loosening, it being assumed that the train connection as a whole is only subject to a moderate tensile force stands. In addition, it must be required with such a hook that an automatic and unintentional slipping of the Hook parts is effectively prevented.

With the known safety hooks, it is not always possible to hold on securely and at the same time to release it easily. This is definitely the case with the well-known snap hooks

possible that the eyelet can be opened with correspondingly large lateral forces or the loop of the attached traction device jumps out of the hook. Such hooks also require hooked Chains or the like, which are under tension, considerable forces when lifting the chain from the hook. Such Scissor locking hooks are not exposed to difficulties to the same extent. Scissor lock hooks are made as well Carabiner hooks preferred because the hook parts extend through eyes, hooks and over any length Let bars or closed brackets close.

Nevertheless, also with scissor locking hooks for a train connection Always observe the necessary conditions when closing the connection, during train operation and occur when the connection is opened. It should be noted that the train connection when towing a motor vehicle jerks under stress during towing due to shortening of the distance and lateral lane deviations is first taken out of use, but is then subjected to a tensile force again under jerky tension, which acts at an angle, i.e. a transverse force component to the direction of travel having. The constantly changing swell load on the train connection also leaves the eye on tow bars of the scissor locking hook of towed vehicles and run up again in the opposite direction, with transverse movements of the connected vehicles lead to the aforementioned transverse force components. Although the approaching and moving across the eyelet of the scissors locking hook are not able to open, it is necessary to take safety measures here.

The invention is based on the object of proposing measures which counteract the opening of the hook parts of scissor locking hooks without the process of releasing the connection to hinder significantly.

3338115

The problem posed is achieved in that the hook parts are each at least in the closing direction under the force stand a tensioned closing spring and that the closing spring can be lifted by hand in the closed position Bias is set. The force of the closing spring counteracts the transverse force components to the extent that the greater the transverse forces increase and therefore prevent opening by forces that are perpendicular to the tensile force in the opening plane of the hook parts work.

On the other hand, in the closed position, the spring preload is matched to the opening of the scissor locking hook by hand, so that despite the closing forces an impairment does not occur when releasing the train connection.

The closing spring can in principle be arranged at points with which a leverage effect on the hook parts is connected is.

Following this principle, it is proposed that the closing spring between support or fastening points that are are provided opposite each other on the hook parts, is arranged. This arrangement ensures in all cases a translation of the closing spring force in the sense of a force amplification.

The closing force can be generated due to different springs. One shape arises from the fact that the closing spring consists of a compression spring which is arranged within an outer guide or on an inner guide.

A symmetrical force action of the closing spring on the hook parts is also achieved in that the closing spring with its central longitudinal axis within that through the flat sides superposed hook parts formed parting plane arranged is.

Complete encapsulation and thus further protection of the closing spring is achieved in that the hook parts each in the area of the bearing sleeve on the side facing away from the eyelet with a concentric to the central axis the bearing sleeve extending recess for the closing spring are provided.

An external guidance of the closing spring is also created in that the recess for the closing spring is in the hook parts is each rectangular in cross section.

A desired opening width of the two hook parts is achieved in that the concentric about the central axis of the Bearing sleeve extending recesses are designed for a spring travel that corresponds to an open position angle of the two hook parts of about 100.

In order to set the bias of the closing spring in the closed position, it is also provided that the closed position the hook parts is limited by means of stops.

The hook parts are limited to each other in the rotational path by acting as a stop for the other hook part at the end of the respective recess for the closing spring a stop pin protruding into the opposite recess is provided.

To this end, the hook parts form an eyelet with an adaptable Outline that the hook parts in the closed position and under the bias of the closing spring when using a approximately circular hook shape an eyelet with an inner one Form the boundary from two intersecting arcs.

The scissor locking hook is also in terms of closing The spring can be produced economically by the two hook parts are dimensioned the same at least with regard to the recess and the stops.

In the drawing is an embodiment of the invention shown schematically and is explained in more detail below, It shows:

Fig. 1 is a front view of the scissors locking hook Traction means,

Fig. 2 is a side view of the scissors locking hook, partially in section, without the pulling means,

Fig. 3 is a front view of the scissors locking hook in the open position, omitting the central part a hook part blocking the view.

The scissors locking hook for a connection has a first hook part 1 and a second hook part 2, the by means of the bearing sleeve 3, which is provided with an annular fold at both ends, are connected to one another, here with the Flat sides 5 lie on top of one another and relative to one another the central axis 6 are rotatable. The traction means, i.e. here a traction rope 7, runs through the bearing sleeve interior 3a in FIG Shape of a (not visible) eyelet.

Fig. 1 shows the closed position 8 of the hook parts 1 and 2, before the scissors locking hook with the eyelet 9 is closed around the part to be coupled. The hook parts 1 and 2 are here under bias of the closing spring 10, which is in the closing direction 11 under a bias, the can be seen from the preload angle 12. The closing spring 10 is between support or fastening points 13 and 14, which are located on the hook parts, stored. The support or fastening points 13 and 14 are still explained in more detail.

The closing spring 10 consists of one in the embodiment Compression spring 10a which is mounted in an outer guide 15. The outer guide 15 is obtained here by means of its central longitudinal axis 10b arranged within the parting plane 16 closing spring 10, which is arranged in a recess 17. Such a recess 17 is provided in each of the hook parts 1 and 2, with a rectangular cross-section 18 is easy to manufacture in terms of manufacturing technology. The recess 17 is located on the side 19 facing away from the eyelet 9, see above that a lever arm arises to the central axis 6, on which the closing spring 10 exerts its force. The recesses 17 run concentric about the central axis 6. Its length (angle 20a) is for an open position angle 20b of the two hook parts 1 and 2 designed in the order of 100 (as drawn), so that also thicker counterparts of great length can be hooked, unless, as usual, can be hooked in parallel to the central axis 6. The angle 20a denotes the length of the recess 17 in the hook part 1, the hub part of which is omitted. In the exemplary embodiment, the angle is 20a drawn with 180 °.

The closed position 8 (Fig. 1) of the two hook parts 1 and is replaced by stops 21 and 22 instead of the support or fastening points 13 and 14 determined. The stops 21 and consist here of stop pins 21a and 22a, which are round Bores are pressed into the hook parts 1 and 2, with a displacement through the body of the respective hook part 1.2 through suitable measures, such as. B. riveting, and the interference fit is prevented. The stop pins 21a and 22a are ground approximately in half on the circumference, so that there is a flat contact surface for the ends of the closing spring 10 results.

The closing spring 10 or the compression spring 10a presses the hook parts 1 and 2 in via the two stop pins 21a and 22a Closing direction 11, the stop pins 21a, 22a reaching the end 17a of the recess 17 and there with the Attach the round peripheral part 23. In this position, the compression spring 10a is still pretensioned and can also be done by hand be stretched further so that the hook parts 1 and 2 get into the position shown in FIG. In the closed position 8 (Fig. 1) the preload position of the compression spring 10a is reached, in which the stop pins 21a, 22a as described attacks. In this closed position 8, the approximately circular ring-shaped hook parts 1 and 2 form outlines 24 and thus the Eyelet 9 with an inner boundary 25, which arises from the intersecting arcs 26a and 26b.

After tensioning the hook parts 1 and 2, so that the pretensioning angle 12 is approximately 0 °
understandable circular shape.

angle 12 decreases to about 0 °, the eyelet 9 itself

Claims (11)

PATENTANWÄLTE ZENZ & HELBER · D 4300 ESSEN 1 · AM RUHRSTEIN 1 ■ TEL .: (O2 01) 4126 87 page Auto-Zubehörvertriebsgesellschaft mbH Am Hagen 18
D-3414 Hardegsen Scissor locking hook for a train connection Claims Scissor locking hook for a train connection, especially on tow ropes or tow bars for motor vehicles is attached at one or both ends and each of two layers laid flat on top of each other and held together by a bearing sleeve, rotatable relative to one another about the central axis of the bearing sleeve Hook parts is formed, wherein the traction means runs through the bearing sleeve interior and wherein complete the hook parts in the closed position to form an eyelet closed over the circumference, characterized, that the hook parts (1,2) each in the closing direction (11) under the force of at least one tensioned closing spring (10) and that the closing spring (10) is in the closed position (8) under a bias that can be canceled by hand is posed. 2. scissors locking hook according to claim 1, characterized in that the closing spring (10) between support or fastening points (13,14), which are provided opposite one another in each case on the hook parts (1,2), is arranged. 3. Scissors locking hook according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the closing spring (10) consists of a compression spring (10a) which within an outer guide (15) or on an inner guide is arranged. 4. scissors locking hook according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the closing spring (10) has its central longitudinal axis (10b) within the one on top of the other through the flat sides (5) Hook parts (1,2) formed parting plane (16) is arranged. 5. Scissor locking hook according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hook parts (1, 2) are each in the area of the bearing sleeve (3) on the side (19) facing away from the eyelet (9) with a concentric to the central axis (6) of the bearing sleeve (3) extending recess (17) for the closing spring (10) are provided. 6. scissors locking hook according to claim 5, characterized in that the recess (17) for the closing spring (10) in the hook parts (1,2) in cross section (18) are each rectangular. 7. scissors locking hook according to claims 5 and 6, characterized, that the concentric about the central axis (6) of the bearing sleeve (3) extending recesses (17) for a Spring travel are designed to be an open position angle (20) of the two hook parts (1,2) of about 100 corresponds 8. scissors locking hook according to claims 1 to 7, characterized, that the closed position (8) of the hook parts (1,2) is limited by means of stops (21,22). 9. scissors locking hook according to claim 8, characterized in that that as a stop (21,22) for the other hook part (1 or 2) at the end of the respective recess (17) a stop pin (21a or 22a) protruding into the opposite recess (17) for the closing spring (10) is provided. 10. scissors locking hook according to claims 1 to 9, characterized, that the hook parts (1,2) in the closed position (8) and under the bias of the closing spring (10) when using an approximately circular hook shape (24) an eyelet (9) with an inner boundary of two intersecting arcs (26a, 26b). 11. scissors locking hook according to claims 1 to 10, characterized, that the two hook parts (1,2) at least with regard to the recess (17) and the stops (21 and 22) are dimensioned the same.