DE3320206A1 - Process and apparatus for comminuting, mixing, homogenising and then fermenting bread and rolls to give sour dough - Google Patents

Abstract

A process and an apparatus particularly suitable for carrying out the process are described for comminuting, mixing, homogenising and then fermenting bread and/or rolls, flour, water and microbiological inoculum, characterised in that the constituents, over a predetermined time, are subjected to circulation through comminution equipment and are then subjected to fermentative residual comminution. In this manner, a mechanical and a fermentative comminution and homogenisation of the vessel contents are achieved with simultaneous production of a sour dough for further bread production.

Description

Process and device for crushing, mixing,

Homogenizing and subsequent fermentation of bread or rolls to sourdough The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device according to the preamble of claim 3.

From a not yet published patent application by the applicant is a vertical device for crushing and fermenting Known bread.

The bread to be chopped is placed in a container in the container Given to the collecting basket and, when it is sufficiently shredded, reaches the container, where it is subjected to fermentation with the usual ingredients.

They settle on the container wall, especially in the lower stirring area little by little components that have to be removed after a certain period of time. To do this, the fermentation process must be completed or

to be interrupted.

In addition, it cannot be ruled out that there will be on the bottom of the container Components settle and there is thus the risk that the container drain clogs over time.

It is the object of the invention to provide a method and one for its implementation of the method to show suitable device, by means of which an excellent Chopping, mixing, homogenizing and fermenting bread and / or rolls with usual Ingredients to a sourdough is feasible.

In particular, the method is said to provide excellent comminution and allow homogenization of all components of the red used without expensive and energy consuming facilities are required.

The object is achieved by a method according to the characterizing Features of the claims.

Through the formation of a movement that rotates axially to the container axis the contents of the container and by guiding the circulating movement of the contents through a crushing device and subsequent fermentative residual crushing a very homogeneous sourdough is obtained. The energy expenditure for the mechanical and subsequent fermentative crushing is very small compared to a pure mechanical comminution, with fermentative residual comminution as well can be carried out in a separate container.

Through the formation of a rotating movement becomes simultaneously favors the self-cleaning of the container. The towards. the crushing tools Continuous movement of the contents of the container takes place on the container jacket and the reflux runs along the axial shaft to the end face, where it is articulated and again runs back on the container jacket.

A device particularly suitable for carrying out the method is formed from a horizontally arranged container in which a drivable Shaft shredding tools in the form of, for example, cutting knives, conveying tools in the form of, for example, helically inclined to the opposite center of the container Shear strips and stripping tools on the container jacket and the end faces run along, are attached.

By a helical or helical incline towards the center of the container Training of the conveying tools is the conveyance of the constituents on the container shell along in the direction towards which the chopper knife is reached.

As the conveying tools continue to convey in the direction of the cutting blades, a forward movement of the contents running along the container jacket generated in the container, which is returned approximately in the axial center of the container.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention two identical containers arranged side by side and with a continuous Shaft formed, whereby only one drive for the shaft is required. In particular Such a double-chamber device has the advantage that it is driven alternately can be. Because the fermentation crushing involves an extensive movement of the contents of the container Such a two-chamber system requires continuous production a sourdough using fresh leftover bread, such as cutting waste, etc.

The movement periods were defined in more detail in claim 3. After this the one container, for example, with remaining bread, flour, water and inoculations has been loaded, the grinding, mixing and homogenizing process starts carried out. Then the mixture remains in the container and the second container is loaded. If now the drive of the shaft is switched on to the shredding, Carry out a mixing and homogenization process for the contents of the second container, the contents of the first container experience a renewed homogenization at the same time and degassing of its contents without the need for a separate drive were.

The horizontally arranged container is expediently cylindrical or trough-shaped and arranged under a worktop.

An embodiment of a particularly good for the implementation of the Process suitable device to which the invention is not limited is to be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 shows a longitudinal section through a two-chamber device Fig. 2 shows a cross section according to II - II in Fig. I Fig. 3 shows a cross section according to III - III in Fig. 1 Through container i, a shaft 2 is passed through a not shown Drive unit is set in rotary motion. Container 1 consists of two chambers 3 and 4 through which shaft 2 runs.

On the shaft 2 there are axial scraping tools 5 and helical ones Conveying tools 6 arranged, namely opposite one another and rotating with shaft 2. Furthermore, they can also be attached to the respective container front sides on the shaft 2 Scraper tools run along it, which ensures excellent self-cleaning of the Container is reached. Furthermore, 2 cutting blades 7 are arranged on the shaft, which cooperate with counter knives 8 attached to the container wall.

Container t is arranged on supports 9 and under a worktop 10 and to be filled through a hinged opening 10. Through drainage port 11 - the fermented sourdough is withdrawn from the container.

How the device works: Through opening 10, residual bread portions are released Flour, water and inoculants are placed in chamber 3 of container i. Then the wave 2 set in rotary motion by a drive. It must be emphasized that wave 2 only needs to rotate at a low speed, for example 20 revolutions per Minute, which means that only a small amount of drive power needs to be installed. The device therefore requires very little energy.

A revolving movement 12 of the forms in chambers 3 and 4 Container contents from due to the promotion by the helically trained Conveying tools 6, which run along the container jacket in the direction of the cutting knife 7 and counter knife 8 flows where a deflection of the movement towards the shaft 2 takes place.

The return movement of the container contents takes place approximately along shaft 2 to the opposite container face 13. This is followed by the conveying effect the helical-like tools 6 again a movement deflection, so that a circumferential movement in the chambers 3 and 4 will form.

Scraping tool 5 runs along the container jacket and prevents it thus any settling of components on the container wall, whereby a Self-cleaning of the container and a good homogenization of all components achieved will.

Whenever there is leftover bread due to its circulation in the cutting knife 7 and 8, a further crushing takes place.

Chamber 3 is first charged and the mechanically crushed and homogenized ingredients are subject to prolonged fermentation while maintaining subject to the circulating movement of the contents of the container in order to reduce the residual fermentative comminution carry out and around by acidification until the end of the metabolic activity the sourdough bacteria have the highest possible concentration of lactic and acetic acid to be obtained in accordance with DBP 26 11 972 of the applicant.

The next day, chamber 4 is also charged and fermented, whereby alternately finished and durable sourdough is removed from the container 1 can be, so that a continuous bread production is possible.

After about 8 hours of mechanical and fermentative exposure the contents of the container were not of high quality, i.e. completely comminuted but already usable leaven has been formed.

Good results in terms of size reduction were achieved after about 15 Hours achieved.

However, the best results were obtained after about 35 hours of exposure achieved, with no solid components in a friction test between the fingers could be seen in the sourdough.

Tests have also shown that the mechanical comminution process without fermentative comminution, not even close to such a fine division of the constituents leads About 30% of the crushing are due to fermentative crushing This percentage is of course also dependent on the movement time depends on the respective container content.

- Lee side -

Claims (12)

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C E E 1 Process for grinding, mixing, Homogenizing and subsequent fermentation of bread and / or rolls together with a portion of flour, water and microbiological inoculum to form a sourdough With the aid of a device consisting of a container with arranged therein Crushing, conveying and scraping tools, characterized in that in the container an axial movement of the container contents rotating around the container axis is generated that the movement is guided by crushing tools and that the contents of the container are then subjected to fermentative residual crushing will. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the leading Component of the movement on the Behäl termantel and the returning component of the Movement is generated along a shaft arranged in the center of the container. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the circumferential Movement and the subsequent fermentative crushing of the container contents is carried out over a period of 8 to 50 hours. preferably 10 to 20 hours, especially 35 hours. 4. Device for carrying out the crushing, mixing, homogenizing and fermentation process according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the device is formed by a horizontal arranged Container (1) that a drivable shaft (2) is arranged axially in the container 1 that on the shaft (2) crushing, conveying and scraping tools (5-8) attached are and that with the shaft (2) rotating shredding tools (7) generate Stationary shredding tools (8) attached to the container wall are assigned. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4. characterized in that the arranged on the shaft (2) rotating shredding tools (7) and the stationary wall mounted on the container Comminution tools (8) by cutting blades that are in engagement with one another are formed. 6. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the on The conveyor tools (6) attached to the shaft (2) are formed by metal strips Or arrowed metal rods or the like arranged at a distance from one another, which extend radially from the shaft (2) approximately to the inner surface of the container (1) and from this point in the form of a tapered section inclined towards the opposite end of the shaft get lost. 7. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveying tools are formed by attached to the rotating shaft, helical the container jacket extending in the direction of the shredding tools to be promoted Metal strips or the like. 8. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the scraping tools (5) are formed by running along the container jacket and fastened on the shaft (2) Metal strips or the like. 9. Device according to claims 4-7, characterized in that the horizontal container (i) is cylindrical. OK Device according to claims 4-7, characterized in that the horizontal container (1) is trough-shaped. 11. Device according to claims 4-10, characterized in that two horizontally arranged containers (1) arranged side by side and with one through shaft are formed. 12. Device according to claims 4-11, characterized in that a horizontal worktop is arranged on the horizontally arranged container (1) is.