DE3314491A1 - Heat store comprising a container having a heat-storing liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat store comprising a container having a heat-storing liquid. The container is configured as a transportable prefabricated cell in the shape of a trough which allows heat to be extracted from the ground surrounding it in which it is installed, and in particular from the liquid contents of the container, in particular water, and is suitable as a foundation for a superstructure. Consequently, the heat store serves not only as a heat store in the narrower sense but also as an indirect heat exchanger with the ground in which it is installed, since it exchanges heat therewith. Heat can likewise be extracted from or additionally supplied to the heat store from a heat exchanger arranged in the outdoor environment via a heat pump, and likewise via a drainage surface provided in the outdoor environment, via which liquid is led from the heat store and from there back into the same. It is possible by means of the heat store according to the invention to utilise the heat content both of waste service water and of natural precipitation, presedimentation avoiding contamination of the heat store which would otherwise occur and, in particular, of the heat exchange surfaces. Furthermore, an oil barrier prevents oil from reaching the drainage system.

Description

GERHARD RATZi PATENT ADVERTISEMENT file 5818

33U491

6800 MANNHfTSM 1, " ¹ C). April 1 Ί33

Seckonhelmer Stieße 36α ■ 7- \ (06 21J 406315

Postal check: Frankfurt / M. No. 8293-603 Bank: DeutBche Bank Mannheim (BLZ 67070010) No. 7200066 Telegr. Code: Gerpal

Telex Ί6 3570 Pma D

company

Franz Grötz GmbH & Co, KG

- Construction company - ..

Jahnstrasse 19

7560 Gaggenau

Heat storage from a container with a heat-storing liquid

33U491

The invention relates to a heat accumulator consisting of a container with a heat-storing liquid, especially water.

The purpose of such a heat accumulator is to serve as a heat buffer in the event that other heat surfaces no longer provide sufficient heat output in heat exchange with the free environment, e.g. B. during the cold seasons. Such a heat buffer in the form of a heat accumulator makes it possible to a heat pump system connected to him for heat extraction connected to be used to extract the heat from the heat storage at a desired temperature,

Previously known heat accumulators consist, as stated at the beginning, of a container with a heat accumulator Liquid, especially water. Your accommodation in a building, e.g. B. a house cellar, however Difficult because these heat stores take up a lot of space. In addition, those are separate Container, e.g. B. in the basement of a building, from the surrounding building site, so in particular the surrounding area Earth removed and thus isolated; d. H. that between such known heat storage and no heat exchange can take place in their surroundings. Often it is even so, the heat accumulator consciously especially to isolate against a heat exchange with the environment, so that in them the heat-storing Does not cool the liquid at an elevated temperature prematurely.

In contrast, the invention is based on the object of providing a heat accumulator of the type mentioned at the beginning to create, which is made of structural unit transportable and with the subsoil, especially the

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surrounding soil, can be in thermal connection.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the container is in the form of a transportable, trough-shaped Prefabricated cell is designed, which allows heat to be extracted from the liquid and the surrounding subsoil, and is suitable as a foundation for a structure, in particular a garage cell. Such a Container can e.g. B. made of reinforced concrete. It is inserted directly into the subsoil and is thus unhindered in the heat exchange with the subsoil over its wall. Through the wall of this The container can then exchange heat between the moving heat-storing liquid inside the same and the building site. The heat accumulator can thus be used as an indirect heat exchanger serve in the subsoil for a heat pump system, provided that their direct heat exchanger is in the liquid is arranged in the container. This makes it possible for the heat storage tank to have a heat pump system connected to it to drive genuinely monovalent without having to increase the compressor power. One increased compressor performance is associated with disadvantages, especially for the performance figure, the purchase price, the maintenance fees and high start-up surges.

The heat pump system can have both a brine circuit and a refrigerant circuit will be realized. In both cases the advantages of a genuinely monovalent operation are given.

The container is preferably thin-walled and has an inner wall with the same non-positively connected strut to the

Stabilize containers against the pressure of the subsoil from the outside and the pressure of the liquid from the inside. The thin walls of the container ensure that heat can be transferred from the subsoil into the ground as freely as possible Liquid inside the container and reduces the effort for transport and assembly. The bracing In the case of a tank made of reinforced concrete, this can be done directly with the migration of the tank concrete be connected. Since a foundation is usually only subjected to pressure, it is within the scope of these requirements a thin-walled design of the container is nevertheless possible.

The heat accumulator can be given an additional option for supplying heat by providing a roof-plate-shaped or roof-shell-shaped absorber for the heat from the free environment on the container, possibly serving as a roof over the structure on it, the heat of which is the only one at favorable outside temperatures The heat source is used, while with falling outside temperatures and especially in the frost area, the heat accumulator provides the missing heat share from the liquid, especially in the case of water in the range above O ⁰ C, as well as from the latent heat via its heat exchanger in a programmable form, and a monovalent operation of the Allows heat pump with the heat exchanger.

A further, different possibility of supplying additional heat to the heat accumulator can thereby be realized be that on the container, possibly above the structure on him, a drainage surface, in particular already by the absorber, is arranged in heat exchange with the free environment, which is with precipitation and / or with liquid from the container over a trickle

33U491

tube can be acted upon, which is then returned to the container after heat transfer on the drainage surface flows back. In particular, the rain and its internal heat can be detected from the run-off surface.

On the other hand, if the drainage surface is heated by solar radiation, this can also occur in dry weather Heat can be transferred directly into the container in that liquid from the same through the trickle pipe is applied to the drainage area, from where it then flows back into the container. In this Case can even result in undesirable heating of the drainage area, in particular the roof area above the Build-up on the container can be prevented. In particular, it can also be used as a drainage area serve the absorber, which is optionally designed as a roof surface, namely roof plate or roof shell-shaped can be.

The last-mentioned possibilities of an additional heat supply via a liquid, which over the drainage area flows back into the container, but also means that there may be too much precipitation, in particular Pour rainwater into the container. This is desirable in order to automatically ensure that the container of the heat accumulator is always sufficient is filled with liquid. To prevent overfilling, the container is in a frost-free area of the subsoil an overflow is arranged, which with the liquid, in particular the water content, of the container connected via an oil barrier. Especially when the container is used as a foundation for a garage you should always be concerned that traces of oil get into the liquid in the container. However, these are allowed not be led via the overflow into the usual sewage routes. Oil residues are also generally to be obtained,

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if, as will be described below, in the Container further facilities are provided. A suitable "special embodiment for a Oil barrier will be explained below with reference to a figure. Thus it is possible to use the heat to spend precipitation, in particular rainwater, in the heat accumulator; it goes without saying that due to the high heat capacity of water so that a particularly generous heat source is taken. But also the surrounding, moist soil, i.e. the subsoil, contributes heat.

Another possibility of supplying heat is through the use of warm wastewater. These remain so far largely unused, especially according to previous solutions their heat through special heat exchangers should be taken over, which is too cumbersome and expensive. According to the present invention can but be arranged in the container secondary container, in the warm wastewater and / or optionally the precipitates collected from the drainage surface are passed and then from the same after sedimentation the suspended and / or solids pass into the rest of the container. Thus, the heat of the sewage directly fed into the heat storage tank without any intermediate devices. Because in the secondary tanks sediment the warm wastewater or the precipitation, the tank remains the The heat accumulator itself is essentially free of sediments. So it becomes a pollution of the * heat storage and the heat exchange surfaces, i.e. the heat exchanger, prevented. The heat exchanger can in particular be arranged on the secondary container or containers; thus the secondary containers can also be used as brackets for the heat exchangers are used.

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For heat equalization within the container and if necessary with or in the secondary containers, the moving liquid is in the heat storage with the help of deflection surfaces steered in a circular motion.

For this purpose, the liquid from a preferably vertical propeller agitator, which is coaxial in a Guide tube is arranged, by means of rotatable inflow and outflow openings, as well as set in the container, curved deflection surfaces within the heat accumulator are set in circular movements.

The same arrangement, with the help of which large amounts of water can be moved with the least amount of energy can, but also prevents temperature stratification in the heat accumulator and promotes it to a considerable extent the poor absorption from the subsoil.

Such an arrangement can in particular be characterized in that a spirally wound finned tube is arranged as a heat exchanger in a guide tube in which a strong liquid flow is formed with the help of a propeller, with an inflow and outflow opening between 0 and 180 ° offset from one another at the top or bottom of the guide tube so as to be rotatable and this liquid flow at the same time maintains a circular movement in the heat accumulator. Since this arrangement, compared to a pump circuit, bypasses several times the amount of water past the heat exchange surfaces in the same period of time, with relatively small exchange surfaces and low temperature differences, the heat accumulator can ^{still have sufficient heat in the critical temperature range of O 0} C in the case of V / water shortly before ice formation be withdrawn. The fact that the guide tube consists of two into one another

plugged pipes can be built up, the inlet and outlet openings are from 0 ° to 180 ° to each other adjustable, which means that the flow in the heat storage tank can be optimally directed.

Special exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1 shows the cross section through a heat accumulator

with. Construction ;

FIG. 2 shows a perspective principle view of a heat accumulator with a structure, in particular

to clarify the bracing; Figure 3 shows the cross section through a drive unit for the liquid in the heat accumulator, here with a heat exchanger; 1Y? Figure 4 shows an oil barrier in detail.

In FIG. 1, the heat accumulator 1_ is designed as a trough-shaped prefabricated cell which is completely embedded in the subsoil 19. The water level inside the heat accumulator I _- is identified with the reference number 20 as the water level. A special heat exchanger in the liquid of the heat accumulator 1_ can be provided, which is connected to a separate heat pump, which then delivers the desired heat to the consumer. Secondary containers 2 can be arranged within the heat accumulator 1_, that is to say the tub. One secondary container 2 can carry a heat exchanger 15. In this secondary container 2, warm waste water can be introduced from the hot inlet 12. Inside the secondary container

JO 2, a chicane 8 can be provided to the wastewater to direct from the Warmzlauf 12 to the bottom of the secondary container 2. The wastewater is supposed to sediment there.

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The heat exchanger 15 can be supplied with heat from the heat absorber 4 via the heat pump 5. For this purpose, the heat exchanger flow 17 can be connected to the heat pump 5 or a refrigerant circuit via valves 29. The operating mode thus given is known per se. Rainwater can be introduced into the further secondary tanks 2 via a roof water supply line 11. Several baffles ensure a meandering flow within this secondary container 2, so that the best possible sedimentation is achieved before it passes into the heat accumulator. The transfer from the secondary containers 2 can take place via the schematically illustrated U-shaped overflow pipes 34-. The roof water supply line 11 is not only used to absorb rainwater from the roof plate absorber 6, from which the absorber 4 is constructed, but also to take over liquid that originally came from the container of the heat accumulator I _- . There is namely the possibility of conveying liquid from the heat accumulator 1_ itself by means of a pump 28 into the trickle pipe 21 on the roof ridge; from there it can flow back from the roof surfaces of the roof plate absorber 6 via the roof water supply line 11 into the container of the heat accumulator 1_ after heat has been transferred from the roof surfaces. The oil barrier 10 will be explained in detail below. It should only be noted here that the overflow 9 is arranged in the frost-free area of the subsoil 19. For maintenance and cleaning of the heat storage tank Λ. u ¹¹ ^ · & ^ev secondary container 2 any number of entry openings are provided in the floor of the garage cell 3. As shown in this Figure 1, the container of the hot spexcher according to the invention can be designed in the main dimensions of a prefabricated garage cell that is to be placed on it. This is a transportable and

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inexpensive construction possible.

In particular, the strut _23 can be seen in a perspective view in FIG. It is only indicated that it is directly connected to the reinforcement of the wall of the container in a non-positive manner. The secondary containers 2 are arranged between the strut 23. In a secondary container 2 an opening y \ can be seen through which the liquid from this secondary. container can pass into the rest of the container.

On one side of the container in a guide pipe socket 30 is a motor (not shown) driven propeller 22 to recognize..Dieser propeller is used to the liquid in the container of the heat storage to set in motion. For this purpose, the guide pipe socket 30 has suitable suction openings « The heat exchanger 15 »that of the secondary tanks 2 is arranged, is in connection with the heat pump 5, This creates a heat pump system that can extract heat from the heat storage unit. The drainage pipes for the heat from the heat pump 5 to the consumer are not shown. the Heat exchanger tubes can be arranged in one or more layers on the ■ secondary tanks; they are spiral-shaped and centered on the cylindrical secondary containers arranged. Either a brine solution or a refrigerant can circulate in these pipes evaporate, depending on the type of operation of the heat pump. It will be understood that the secondary containers also can be made of concrete. In the corners of the container there can be guiding devices for the liquid circulation be arranged. They should ensure the smoothest possible Ural flow of the liquid in the container flowing from the propeller 22 is driven, enable and avoid thermal stratification. The guiding devices can

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in particular be designed as deflection surfaces 33, which z. B. in the corners but also in other places can be set in the container. Furthermore, a guide tube 32 is shown, the Uralauf openings, i.e. inlet and outlet openings are only indicated schematically. With regard to the structure in individual of such a guide tube 32 is on the figure 3 and the description below. Warm wastewater can be fed directly through the hot inlet 12 are introduced into the secondary container 2. The suspended matter and solids settle there. The cleaned Water can through the opening 31 on the upper edge of the secondary container 2 exit into the rest of the container. The same applies to the supply of T precipitates through the roof water pipe 11.

In Figure 3 is shown as a special device for forcing the circulation of the liquid in the container of the heat accumulator "^ a guide tube 32 in cross section shown. Inside a cylindrical guide tube body is one driven by a motor 24 Propeller 22 arranged. It drives the liquid through the guide tube 32, which is preferably a heat exchanger 15 can be arranged, and at the same time generates a flow of the liquid in the heat accumulator, so that, in particular in the area of the heat exchanger 15, no heat build-up or no cold build-up can occur. As a result, the formation of individual thermal layers is prevented. Otherwise they correspond Reference numerals in this figure are those of the previous figures. It goes without saying that at all within of the container various corresponding baffles, such as the Uralenkflachen 33, can be arranged to to force the circulating liquid into the desired directions. It can be seen that as a heat exchanger 15 a spirally wound pipe coaxial with the guide

tube 32 is arranged in the same. It can also be seen that the circulation opening 25 opposite the other is offset by 90 °; both circumferential openings 25 lie below the water level 20. Thus, within the V / poor reservoir for the liquid a Circular movement initiated, which is still due to the set, curved. Umlenkf laugh in the corners of the heat accumulator is favored, with this flow of a thermal stratification of the liquid in the Counteracts heat storage;

Finally, in FIG. 4 there is a suitable oil barrier 10 shown in detail. It consists of a Y-shaped branch pipe. One of the branches serves as overflow 9 and determines the height of the water level

20. The other branch serves as a vent 27. The main arm of this Y-branch extends as far as possible to the bottom of the tank of the heat accumulator Λ_ ; there it has a bottom opening 26. Since the oil is lighter than water, it will float on the water level 20. The draining water, on the other hand, is not taken from the water level 20, but from the ground from the floor opening 20 there. Consequently, the draining water is oil-free. It goes without saying that the bottom opening 26 can also be provided at a different height below the water level 20.

The heat extraction circuit for the heat accumulator via the heat exchanger can be used both as a brine circuit as can also be implemented as a refrigerant circuit. It appears to achieve increased useful temperatures however, it is cheaper to design the heat extraction circuit as a refrigerant circuit.

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1 Heat storage 2 Secondary container 3 Garage cell 4th absorber 5 Heat pump 6th Roof plate absorber 7th Entrance opening 8th chicane 9 Overflow 10 oil barrier 11th Roof water supply 12th Warm intake 13th Absorber return 14th Absorber flow 15th Heat exchanger 16 Heat exchanger return 17th Heat exchanger flow 19th Building ground 20th Water level 21 Trickle pipe 22nd propeller 23 Bracing 24 engine 25th Opening around the door 26th Bottom opening 27 Venting 28 pump 29 Valve 30th Guide pipe sockets 31 opening 32 Guide scope 33 Deflection surface 34 U-shaped overflow pipe

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Claims (10)

33U491 Heat storage from a container with a heat storage Liquid, in particular water, characterized in that that the container is designed as a portable, trough-shaped prefabricated cell, the one Allowed heat extraction from the liquid and the surrounding subsoil (19), and as Foundation for a structure, in particular a garage cell (3), is suitable. 2. Heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the container is thin-walled and an inner one with the wall of the same frictionally connected strut (2j5) to the container against the pressure of the subsoil (19) from the outside and stabilize the fluid pressure from the inside. 3. Heat storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized, that on the container, possibly serving as a roof over the superstructure on it, a roof-plate-shaped or roof-shell-shaped absorber (4) for the heat from the free environment is provided, the heat of which serves as the sole heat source when the outside temperature is favorable, while with falling outside temperatures and especially in the frost area the heat storage over its heat exchanger (15) in programmable form the missing heat share from the liquid, especially in the case of water in the area above 0 ⁰ C, as well as from the latent heat and enables a monovalent operation of the heat pump (5) with the heat exchanger (15). 4. Heat storage after at least one of the Claims 1 to 3i characterized, that on the container, possibly above the structure on it, a drainage surface, in particular already through the absorber (4), in the heat exchange is arranged with the free environment, with precipitation and / or with liquid from the Container can be acted upon via a trickle pipe (21), which is then transferred to the heat transfer The drainage surface flows back into the container. 5 · Heat accumulator according to claim 4, characterized in that 'that on the container in the frost-free area of the subsoil (19) an overflow (9) is arranged, which with the liquid via an oil barrier (10) connected is. 6. Heat accumulator according to at least one of claims 1 to 4-,
characterized,
that secondary containers (2) are arranged in the container, into which the warm waste water, in particular clean domestic waste water and / or, if necessary, the precipitations collected from the drainage area are passed and then from the same after sedimentation of the suspended and / or solid T) Q substances pass into the remaining container. - ο ~~ 7 · Heat accumulator according to claim 6, characterized in that that on the or the secondary container (2) heat exchangers (15) are arranged. 8. VJ poor storage according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the liquid in the container is set in motion in order to produce a thermal balance. 9. Heat storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that that the moved liquid is stored in the heat rather with the help of deflection surfaces (33) in a circular movement is directed. 10. Heat storage device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that that a spirally wound finned tube as a heat exchanger (15) in a guide tube (32) is arranged, in which with the help of a propeller a strong liquid flow forms, with an inflow and outflow opening (25) below the liquid level are arranged, which are offset between 0 ° and 180 ° to each other at the top or bottom of the Guide tube (32) are arranged rotatably and this liquid flow at the same time a Circular movement in the heat accumulator maintains, on the one hand, a heat stratification within to prevent the container and on the other hand to increase the heat extraction from the ground.