DE102011054342B4 - Heat storage device and method for storing heat - Google Patents

Abstract

Heat storage device (100) for storing heat, comprising a storage medium (104) which is at least partially brought from a solid state of aggregation to a liquid state of aggregation in order to load the heat storage device (100) with heat and which is at least partially brought to discharge the heat storage device (100) is brought from the liquid aggregate state to the solid aggregate state, - a receiving device (102) for receiving the storage medium (104) and - a heat exchanger (110) for transferring heat from a heat transfer medium to the storage medium (104) when loading the heat storage device (100) ) and / or for transferring heat from the storage medium (104) to the heat transfer medium when discharging the heat storage device (100), the heat storage device (100) comprising a movement device (112) by means of which at least a part of the storage medium (104) is at least in liquid state in motion ve is set, wherein the movement device (112) comprises at least two independently operated to influence the movement of the storage medium (104) rotating about a common axis of rotation (116) movement elements (114), the at least two movement elements (114) for influencing the Movement of the storage medium (104) at mutually different vertical positions (A, B, C) in the receiving device (102) at mutually different vertical positions (A, B, C) are arranged in the receiving device (102), characterized in that the Movement device (112) comprises at least two drive shafts (118) for driving at least two movement elements (114), at least one of the drive shafts (118) running at least in sections within at least one further drive shaft (118) of the at least two drive shafts (118).

Description

The present invention relates to a heat storage device for storing heat, which comprises a storage medium which can be at least partially brought from a solid state of aggregation to a liquid state of aggregation for loading the heat storage device with heat and which, for discharging the heat storage device at least partially from the liquid state of aggregation to the solid state Physical state can be brought. The heat storage device further comprises a receiving device for receiving the storage medium and a heat exchanger for transferring heat from a heat transfer medium to the storage medium when loading the heat storage device and / or for transferring heat from the storage medium to the heat transfer medium when discharging the heat storage device.

When discharging such a heat storage device, it can be provided that the storage medium is received in the receiving device essentially free of flow and a transfer of heat by means of the heat exchanger to the heat transfer medium takes place essentially in that the heat stored in the storage medium is absorbed by means of the essentially stationary storage medium the heat exchanger and finally is transferred to the heat transfer medium. In particular, when the storage medium has a low thermal conductivity, a rapid discharge of the heat storage device is hindered as a result.

The DE 10 2009 005 637 A1 discloses a heat storage device comprising a stirring device.

The DE 20 2008 012 055 U1 discloses a probe head for exchanging thermal energy with the ground.

The DE 20 2007 012 308 U1 discloses a hybrid heat storage system for storing thermal energy.

The US 2005/0005646 A1 discloses an apparatus and method for melting glass or glass ceramic.

The DE 33 14 491 A1 discloses a heat accumulator.

The present invention is based on the object of providing a heat storage device of the type mentioned at the outset which enables efficient heat transfer from the storage medium to the heat transfer medium when the heat storage device is discharged.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a heat storage device according to claim 1.

Because the heat storage device comprises a movement device with at least two movement elements for influencing a movement of the storage medium at mutually different vertical positions in the receiving device, the storage medium can be set in motion within the receiving device so that a heat transfer from the storage medium to the heat exchanger during The heat storage device is discharged not only through thermal conduction by means of the storage medium, but also through targeted flow against the heat exchanger. This allows efficient heat transfer from the storage medium to the heat transfer medium.

According to the invention it is provided that at least two movement elements can be actuated independently of one another. In particular, it can be provided that at least two movement elements can be actuated independently of one another by means of at least one drive device of the movement device. In this way, the storage medium can be influenced differently, in particular set in motion, at different vertical positions in the receiving device. Preferably, by means of the at least two movement elements, different flow speeds of storage medium flows can be generated in the receiving device.

It can be favorable if an actuation of the at least two movement elements can be controlled and / or regulated.

The movement device preferably comprises at least one control device and / or at least one regulating device, by means of which the actuation of the at least two movement elements can be controlled and / or regulated.

In particular, it can be provided that the actuation of the at least two movement elements can be controlled and / or regulated as a function of the state, in particular the physical state, of the storage medium.

At least one movement element can be set in rotation to influence the movement of the storage medium.

In particular, the movement device comprises at least one drive device, by means of which the at least one movement element can be set in rotation.

At least one movement element can preferably be set in rotation about a horizontal axis of rotation. As an alternative or in addition to this, it can be provided that at least one movement element can be set in rotation about an essentially vertical axis of rotation.

It can be advantageous if at least one axis of rotation of at least one movement element is aligned essentially parallel to a surface of a heat exchanger of the heat storage device facing the storage medium. In this way, a storage medium flow can be fed to the heat exchanger in a targeted manner.

At least two movement elements preferably have axes of rotation that run parallel to one another.

As an alternative or in addition to this, it can be provided that at least two movement elements have axes of rotation that are essentially perpendicular to one another.

According to the invention it is provided that at least two movement elements have a common axis of rotation. The at least two movement elements are then preferably arranged one above the other, particularly in the case of a common axis of rotation that is essentially vertically aligned.

The movement device comprises at least two drive shafts for driving at least two movement elements. In this way, the at least two movement elements can be actuated essentially independently of one another, in particular by means of the drive device of the movement device.

The movement device comprises at least two drive shafts for driving at least two movement elements, at least one of the drive shafts running at least in sections within at least one further drive shaft of the at least two drive shafts. In this way, a nested design of the drive shafts can in particular be implemented.

At least one movement element preferably has a non-rotationally symmetrical cross section (with respect to an axis of rotation of the at least one movement element). A non-rotationally symmetrical cross-section can ensure that the storage medium provided in the vicinity of the movement element in the receiving container is set in motion, in particular when the movement element rotates about its axis of rotation.

In principle, it can be provided that at least one movement element has an essentially linear cross section.

It can be advantageous if at least one movement element has an essentially cruciform cross section. In particular, it can be provided that at least one movement element has a cross-shaped cross section taken transversely, in particular perpendicular, to its axis of rotation.

As an alternative or in addition to this, it can be provided that at least one movement element has an essentially S-shaped cross section. In particular, it can be provided that at least one movement element has an S-shaped cross section taken transversely, in particular perpendicular, to its axis of rotation.

The receiving device preferably comprises at least one flow guide element, by means of which at least one storage medium flow can be guided inside the receiving device.

In particular, it can be provided that at least one storage medium flow generated by means of at least one movement element can be guided inside the receiving device by means of at least one flow guide element.

In principle, it can be provided that several flow guide elements are provided for several storage medium flows. However, it can be advantageous if at least one flow guiding element is provided, by means of which several storage medium flows can be guided within the receiving device.

At least one flow guiding element of the receiving device is preferably oriented essentially vertically. By means of such an essentially vertically oriented flow guiding element, in particular at least one horizontal storage medium flow can be guided, for example in a circle.

At least one flow guiding element of the receiving device is preferably a flow guiding element that is different from the wall of the receiving device and / or from a heat exchanger.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the heat storage device comprises at least one measuring device by means of which the viscosity and / or the temperature of the storage medium in the receiving device can be determined.

In particular, it can be provided that the heat storage device comprises at least one measuring device, by means of which the viscosity and / or the temperature of the storage medium can be determined at at least two different vertical positions in the receiving device.

The viscosity of the storage medium can preferably be determined by means of a sensor of the measuring device.

The measuring device can, for example, enable the viscosity to be determined by determining a resistance and / or a power consumption on the drive device of the movement device. Alternatively or in addition to this, it can be provided that the viscosity of the storage medium can be determined by means of the measuring device by determining a rotation frequency of the movement element at a predetermined constant operating voltage of an electric motor of the drive device of the movement device.

It can be provided that the temperature of the storage medium can be determined by means of the measuring device. For this purpose it can be provided that the measuring device comprises at least one temperature sensor.

The viscosity can preferably be inferred from the temperature determined, so that the viscosity can be determined indirectly through a temperature measurement.

It can be favorable if the heat storage device comprises a control device and / or a regulating device, by means of which, depending on the determined viscosity and / or depending on the determined temperature of the storage medium in an environment of at least one movement element, actuation of the at least one movement element can be controlled and / or is adjustable.

In particular, it can be provided for this purpose that the viscosity and / or the temperature of the storage medium can be determined by means of the measuring device at different vertical positions in the receiving device and, depending on the determined viscosity and / or temperature of the storage medium in the respective vertical position, that in the Moving elements arranged in each vertical position can be actuated, in particular controlled and / or regulated, independently of one another.

Particularly when discharging the heat storage device, individual movement elements can be switched off, preferably automatically, if a determined viscosity in the vicinity of the relevant movement element exceeds a specified limit value and / or a determined temperature falls below a specified limit value. In this way, the movement device can be protected from undesired damage, in particular when the storage medium solidifies.

The heat storage device can be designed, for example, as a plate heat storage device or as a pipe register heat storage device.

• - Beladen einer Wärmespeichervorrichtung mit Wärme, wobei ein Speichermedium der Wärmespeichervorrichtung zumindest teilweise von einem festen Aggregatzustand in einen flüssigen Aggregatzustand gebracht wird;
• - Entladen der Wärmespeichervorrichtung, wobei das Speichermedium zumindest teilweise von dem flüssigen Aggregatzustand in den festen Aggregatzustand gebracht wird.

The present invention further relates to a method for storing heat, comprising the following:

• - Loading a heat storage device with heat, wherein a storage medium of the heat storage device is at least partially brought from a solid physical state to a liquid physical state;
• - Discharging the heat storage device, the storage medium being at least partially brought from the liquid state of aggregation to the solid state of aggregation.

The DE 10 2009 005 637 A1 discloses a heat storage device comprising a stirring device.

The DE 20 2008 012 055 U1 discloses a probe head for exchanging thermal energy with the ground.

The DE 20 2007 012 308 U1 discloses a hybrid heat storage system for storing thermal energy.

The US 2005/0005646 A1 discloses an apparatus and method for melting glass or glass ceramic.

The DE 33 14 491 A1 discloses a heat accumulator.

In this regard, the present invention is based on the object of providing a method by means of which efficient heat transfer from the storage medium to a heat transfer medium is possible when the heat storage device is discharged.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a method according to claim 7.

The method according to the invention preferably has the features and / or advantages described above in connection with the heat storage device according to the invention.

Furthermore, it can be provided in the method according to the invention that storage medium flows of different strengths are generated by means of the at least two movement elements at different vertical positions in the receiving device.

By generating storage medium flows of different strengths, in particular a heat transfer from the storage medium to the heat transfer medium can be influenced so that the heat transfer can be adapted to a heat demand (discharge demand). In particular, this can influence the discharge speed and / or the discharge duration of the heat storage device.

By means of the at least two movement elements, at least two storage medium streams running parallel to one another can preferably be generated.

In particular, by means of the at least two movement elements, at least two essentially horizontal storage medium flows running parallel to one another can be generated.

The at least two storage medium flows generated by means of the at least two movement elements preferably have different flow speeds (different strengths). In this way, in particular, a temperature gradient occurring when discharging the heat storage device can be counteracted within the receiving device with respect to the vertical direction, so that a uniform discharge of the heat storage device is possible.

It can be favorable if at least two movement elements are actuated as a function of the temperature and / or the viscosity of the storage medium in the vicinity of the respective movement element.

In particular, it can be provided that at least two movement elements are driven (activated) or switched off (shut down) by means of the drive device of the movement device, depending on the temperature and / or the viscosity of the storage medium in the vicinity of the respective movement element, preferably independently of one another.

In particular, it can be provided that when a predetermined viscosity is exceeded and / or the storage medium falls below a predetermined temperature in the vicinity of a movement element, the movement element in question is switched off (shut down).

Furthermore, it can be provided that if the viscosity falls below a specified value and / or the storage medium exceeds a specified temperature in the vicinity of a motion element, the relevant motion element is driven (activated).

• Durch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Bewegungsvorrichtung kann vorzugsweise auf eine übliche Wärmeleitstruktur in der Aufnahmevorrichtung verzichtet werden.

Furthermore, the heat storage device according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention for storing heat can have the features and / or advantages described below:

• By using the movement device according to the invention, a conventional heat-conducting structure in the receiving device can preferably be dispensed with.

Furthermore, mixing of the liquid storage medium can preferably be achieved by means of the movement device according to the invention, so that no solid boundary layer can form on a contact surface of the storage medium with the heat exchanger.

The heat storage device according to the invention can in particular be designed as a latent heat storage device, a salt preferably being used as the storage material.

By means of a movement device, the usually necessary adaptation of the heat exchanger to the receiving device can be simplified, since an efficient heat transfer from the storage medium to the heat transfer medium is preferably also possible without the use of complex heat conduction structures.

The movement device can prevent a static storage mass from forming in the receptacle, which forms a (solid) boundary layer on the heat exchanger and makes the heat transfer from the still liquid storage medium to the heat transfer medium more difficult.

The movement device is preferably a divided mixing device which enables individual movement areas (mixing areas; movement elements) to be switched off, so that when the heat storage device is discharged in already cold areas in which the storage medium is already at least partially has solidified, a partial shutdown of the movement device can be carried out.

The receiving device preferably comprises a storage space with an optimal flow guidance. In particular, the receiving device comprises, for example, rounded corners and / or flow guiding devices, in particular baffles, for optimizing a flow of the storage medium within the receiving device.

The heat storage device according to the invention can in particular be used as a thermal energy store based on latent heat in the area of heating or cooling, in the process industry and / or in (solar) power plant technology.

Further features and / or advantages of the invention are the subject matter of the following description and the graphic representation of exemplary embodiments.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Wärmespeichervorrichtung, welche eine Bewegungsvorrichtung mit drei übereinander angeordneten, um eine gemeinsame Rotationsachse drehbaren Bewegungselementen umfasst;
• 2 eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung zweier Bewegungselemente zur Illustration einer geschachtelten Ausgestaltung der Bewegungselemente;
• 3 eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung eines der Bewegungselemente aus 2, welches an einer innerhalb des anderen Bewegungselements führbaren Antriebswelle angeordnet ist;
• 4 eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung des weiteren Bewegungselements aus 2, in welchem die Welle des in 3 dargestellten Bewegungselements führbar ist;
• 5 eine schematische Draufsicht von oben auf eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Wärmespeichervorrichtung, welche als Plattenwärmespeichervorrichtung ausgebildet ist und zwei Bewegungseinheiten einer Bewegungsvorrichtung sowie ein Strömungsführungselement umfasst;
• 6 eine der 5 entsprechende schematische Draufsicht von oben auf eine dritte Ausführungsform einer Wärmespeichervorrichtung, welche als Rohrregister-Wärmespeichervorrichtung ausgebildet ist und zwei Bewegungseinheiten einer Bewegungsvorrichtung sowie zwei Strömungsführungselemente umfasst;
• 7 einen schematischen horizontalen Schnitt durch eine vierte Ausführungsform einer Wärmespeichervorrichtung, welche eine zylindrische Aufnahmevorrichtung zur Aufnahme von Speichermedium umfasst;
• 8 eine der 1 entsprechende schematische Darstellung einer nicht beanspruchten fünften Ausführungsform einer Wärmespeichervorrichtung, bei welcher eine Bewegungsvorrichtung mit drei voneinander unabhängigen Bewegungseinheiten vorgesehen ist, wobei jede Bewegungseinheit ein Bewegungselement umfasst, welches um eine horizontale Achse drehbar ist; und
• 9 eine der 1 entsprechende schematische Darstellung einer nicht beanspruchten sechsten Ausführungsform einer Wärmespeichervorrichtung, bei welcher eine Bewegungsvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, welche drei Bewegungselemente umfasst, die in horizontaler Richtung und in vertikaler Richtung versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind.

In the drawings show:

• 1 a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a heat storage device, which comprises a movement device with three movement elements arranged one above the other and rotatable about a common axis of rotation;
• 2 a schematic perspective view of two movement elements to illustrate a nested configuration of the movement elements;
• 3 a schematic perspective illustration of one of the moving elements 2 which is arranged on a drive shaft which can be guided within the other movement element;
• 4th a schematic perspective illustration of the further movement element 2 , in which the wave of the in 3 moving element shown is feasible;
• 5 a schematic plan view from above of a second embodiment of a heat storage device, which is designed as a plate heat storage device and comprises two movement units of a movement device and a flow guide element;
• 6 one of the 5 corresponding schematic plan view from above of a third embodiment of a heat storage device, which is designed as a pipe register heat storage device and comprises two movement units of a movement device and two flow guide elements;
• 7th a schematic horizontal section through a fourth embodiment of a heat storage device, which comprises a cylindrical receiving device for receiving storage medium;
• 8th one of the 1 Corresponding schematic representation of a not claimed fifth embodiment of a heat storage device, in which a movement device with three independent movement units is provided, each movement unit comprising a movement element which is rotatable about a horizontal axis; and
• 9 one of the 1 Corresponding schematic representation of a sixth embodiment of a heat storage device, which is not claimed, in which a movement device is provided which comprises three movement elements which are arranged offset from one another in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction.

Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.

One in 1 The heat storage device illustrated and designated as a whole by 100 comprises a receiving device 102 for recording a storage medium 104 , for example salt.

Side walls 106 the receiving device 102 , which is a recording room 108 the receiving device 102 limit laterally, form heat exchangers 110 the heat storage device 100 by means of which heat from the storage medium 104 on a (not shown) heat transfer medium in a (not shown) flow space, which on one of the receiving space 108 opposite side of the wall 106 is arranged.

The heat storage device 110 is designed for example as a plate heat storage device and comprises alternately arranged receiving spaces 108 for storage medium 104 and flow spaces (not shown) for heat transfer medium. The walls 106 thus each separate a recording space 108 from a flow space.

Using the as a heat exchanger 110 serving walls 106 can heat from the heat transfer medium to the storage medium 104 and from the storage medium 104 be transferred to the heat transfer medium.

The storage medium 104 preferably allows the storage of latent heat, the storage medium 104 when loading the heat storage device 110 can be at least partially brought from a solid state of aggregation into a liquid state of aggregation with heat and wherein the storage medium 104 can be brought at least partially from the liquid state to the solid state when discharging the heat storage device.

To temperature gradients, particularly in the horizontal direction, within the receiving device 102 To be able to compensate is at least one recording room 108 , preferably any recording room 108 the heat storage device 100 , with a movement device 112 Mistake.

The movement device 112 , what a 1 exemplary for all movement devices 112 the heat storage device 100 in all recording rooms 108 the heat storage device 100 is shown in the in 1 illustrated first embodiment of the heat storage device 100 three movement elements 114 , which, for example, are plate-shaped and around a common axis of rotation 116 are rotatable.

To the moving elements 114 to drive includes the movement device 112 a drive device 117 .

The movement elements 114 are by means of drive shafts 118 with the drive device 117 coupled.

At the in 1 illustrated first embodiment of the heat storage device 100 are the drive shafts 118 the movement elements 114 nested and are at least partially guided into one another, so that the movement elements 114 around the common axis of rotation 116 are rotatable and yet can be operated independently of one another.

The design of the nested drive shafts 118 is referring to the 2 to 4th detailed.

In the 1 illustrated first embodiment of the heat storage device 100 further comprises a control device 120 and / or a control device 122 , by means of which the moving elements 114 the movement device 112 are preferably operated independently of one another.

The movement elements 114 are at the in 1 illustrated first embodiment of the heat storage device 100 arranged in mutually different vertical positions. So is a lower moving element 114a at a vertical position A. , a middle moving element 114b at a vertical position B. and an upper moving element 114c at a vertical position C. arranged.

The movement elements 114 are thus with respect to a vertical direction 124 arranged one above the other.

The drive shafts 118 the movement elements 114 are oriented essentially vertically.

By means of the movement elements 114 can in different vertical positions A. , B. and C. independently of each other on a movement of the in the respective vertical position A. , B. , C. existing storage medium 104 be acted upon.

The heat storage device 100 further comprises a measuring device 126 , by means of which the viscosity and / or the temperature of the storage medium 104 in at least one vertical position A. , B. , C. in the receiving device 102 can be determined.

The measuring device 126 may include sensors (not shown). Alternatively or in addition to this, the movement of the movement elements 114 with given performance data of the drive device 117 on the viscosity and / or the temperature of the storage medium 104 in the respective vertical position A. , B. and or C. getting closed.

• Über den Wärmeüberträger 110 wird dem Speichermedium 104, welches zunächst im entladenen Zustand in fester Form vorliegt, Wärme zugeführt. Das Speichermedium 104 geht hierbei von dem festen Aggregatzustand in den flüssigen Aggregatzustand über und speichert dabei Wärme.

The above-described first embodiment of the heat storage device 100 works like this:

• About the heat exchanger 110 becomes the storage medium 104 , which is initially in solid form in the discharged state, supplied with heat. The storage medium 104 goes from the solid state to the liquid state and stores heat.

When loading the heat storage device 100 natural convection of the storage medium results 104 in the receiving device 102 in that the on the heat exchanger 110 heated storage medium 104 in the receiving device 102 along the wall 106 ascends. Cooler storage medium 104 consequently flows in with respect to the vertical direction 124 lower area of the receiving device 102 after, so that an efficient heat transfer from the heat transfer medium to the storage medium 104 is guaranteed.

When discharging the heat storage device 100 goes the storage medium 104 from the liquid state to the solid state. This leads in particular to the fact that the heat exchanger 110 , that is, on the walls 106 the receiving device 102 , a solid layer of storage medium 104 forms, which due to the low thermal conductivity of the storage medium 104 rapid heat transfer from the still liquid storage medium 104 prevented on the heat transfer medium.

By means of the movement device 112 this can form a layer of solid storage medium 104 on the walls 106 be counteracted.

The movement elements 114 the movement device 112 are for this purpose by means of the drive device 117 the movement device 112 rotated, particularly at the vertical position A. the moving element 114a is set in rotation more than in the vertical position C. the moving element 114c . In this way, in particular, when discharging the heat storage device 100 Heat transfer medium against the direction of gravity on the walls 106 flows past, the formation of a solid layer of storage medium 104 on the wall 106 be counteracted.

Since when discharging the heat storage device 100 a temperature gradient along the vertical direction 124 in the receiving device 102 forms, the storage medium solidifies 104 at various vertical positions A. , B. and C. successively.

During the described discharge of the heat storage device 100 the storage medium solidifies 104 initially in the vertical position A. in the lower area of the mounting device 102 . By means of the measuring device 126 it is determined that the viscosity of the storage medium 104 in the vertical position A. increases and one by means of the moving element 114a generated movement of the storage medium 104 in the vertical position A. comes to a standstill. The moving element 114a is then switched off.

As long as the storage medium 104 in vertical positions B. and C. still has a sufficiently low viscosity, the moving elements remain 114b and 114c moving.

The movement elements 114b and 114c are only switched off when the viscosity of the storage medium 104 in vertical positions B. or. C. exceeds a predetermined limit.

With the movement device completely deactivated 112 and fully solid storage medium 104 is the heat storage device 100 in the fully discharged state and is ready for reloading.

In the 2 to 4th are two elements of movement 114 a movement device 112 with nested drive shafts 118 shown.

How in particular 3 can be seen, is the lower moving element 114a with a drive shaft 118 provided, which according to 2 in the assembled state of the movement device 112 within the in 4th separately shown upper movement element 114b is led.

The ones in the 2 to 4th illustrated movement elements 114 differ from those in 1 illustrated movement elements 114 by having one perpendicular to the axis of rotation 116 have taken, substantially X-shaped (cruciform) cross section.

The ones in the 2 to 4th illustrated movement elements 114 serve to describe the principle of nested drive shafts 118 . At the in 1 illustrated first embodiment are three drive shafts 118 for the three movement elements 114 nested one inside the other and guided one inside the other in sections.

One in 5 illustrated second embodiment of a heat storage device 100 differs from the in 1 illustrated first embodiment essentially in that the movement device 112 two movement units 128 which each essentially corresponds to the in 1 illustrated movement device 112 correspond, but with movement elements 114 are provided, one perpendicular to the axis of rotation 116 have taken, substantially cruciform cross-section.

The movement units 128 are at the in 5 illustrated second embodiment of the heat storage device 100 in corner areas arranged diagonally opposite one another 130 the receiving device 102 arranged.

Essentially in the middle of the recording room 108 and essentially parallel to the side walls 106 the receiving device 102 is also a flow guide element 132 arranged.

By means of the movement units 128 and the flow guide element 132 can with the in 5 illustrated second embodiment of Heat storage device 100 at least one by means of the movement units 128 generated storage medium stream 134 within the receiving device 102 be led in a circle. In particular, the in 5 illustrated second embodiment of the heat storage device 100 in different vertical positions A. , B. and C. storage medium flows of different strengths 134 producible.

Incidentally, the in 5 illustrated second embodiment of the heat storage device 100 in terms of structure and function with the in 1 first embodiment shown, so that reference is made to the preceding description thereof.

One in 6 illustrated third embodiment of a heat storage device 100 differs from the in 5 illustrated second embodiment essentially in that the heat storage device 100 is not designed as a plate heat storage device, but as a pipe register heat storage device.

In this pipe register heat storage device, receiving spaces are not arranged alternately in a row 108 for recording from storage medium 104 and flow spaces for heat transfer medium provided.

Rather, the in 6 illustrated third embodiment of the heat storage device 100 a single cradle 102 with a single recording room 108 provided, with several, for example nine, lines 136 for heat transfer medium evenly distributed in the receiving space 108 arranged and from storage medium 104 are surrounded.

The lines 136 serve as heat exchangers 110 so that heat from that through the pipes 136 flowing heat transfer medium to the in the receiving space 108 arranged storage medium 104 and vice versa is transferable.

The lines 136 are in particular tubular.

Even with the in 6 illustrated third embodiment of the heat storage device 100 are according to the in 5 illustrated second embodiment two movement units 128 the movement device 112 and flow guiding elements 132 provided, whereby at least one storage medium stream 134 , in particular at least one storage medium flow guided in a circle 134 , in the recording room 108 can be generated.

At the in 6 illustrated third embodiment of the heat storage device 100 are the moving elements 114 the movement device 112 essentially S-shaped, so that the individual from the axis of rotation 116 protruding sections of the movement elements 114 are formed substantially in the shape of a scoop. This allows by means of the movement elements 114 a large amount of storage media 104 be set in motion.

Incidentally, the in 6 illustrated third embodiment of the heat storage device 100 in terms of structure and function with the in 5 illustrated second embodiment, so that reference is made to the preceding description thereof.

One in 7th illustrated fourth embodiment of a heat storage device 100 differs from the in 1 illustrated first embodiment essentially in that the receiving device 102 Is designed as a hollow cylinder and the movement elements 114 which according to the in 6 illustrated third embodiment of the heat storage device 100 one perpendicular to the axis of rotation 116 have taken substantially S-shaped cross section, a horizontal extent L. in the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation 116 have, which essentially have an inner diameter D. the receiving device 102 corresponds. The axis of rotation 116 the movement device 112 the heat storage device 100 is at the in 7th illustrated fourth embodiment at the same time the symmetry axis of the hollow cylindrical receiving device 102 .

Due to the length of the moving elements 114 can by means of the movement device 112 at the in 7th illustrated fourth embodiment of the heat storage device 100 on the one hand that in the receiving device 102 arranged storage medium 104 set in motion and on the other hand one on the wall 106 the receiving device 102 when discharging the heat storage device 100 resulting solid layer of storage medium 104 mechanically removed.

According to the in 1 illustrated first embodiment of the heat storage device 100 is also used for the in 7th illustrated fourth embodiment of the heat storage device 100 the wall 106 the receiving device 102 as a heat exchanger 110 .

The receiving device 102 can thus be flowed around with heat transfer medium in order to transfer heat from the heat transfer medium to the storage medium 104 and vice versa.

Incidentally, the in 7th illustrated fourth embodiment of the heat storage device 100 in terms of structure and function with the in 1 first embodiment shown, so that reference is made to the preceding description thereof.

One in 8th Shown not claimed fifth embodiment of a heat storage device 100 differs from the in 1 illustrated first embodiment essentially in that the movement device 112 not by a single movement unit 128 , but through three movement units 128 is formed.

Each of the movement units 128 comprises only a single movement element 114 , which by means of the moving element 114 associated drive device 117 the movement device 112 around a substantially horizontal axis of rotation 116 is rotatable.

The movement units 128 the movement device 112 are at the in 8th illustrated fifth embodiment of the heat storage device in the different vertical positions A. , B. and C. arranged with the axes of rotation 116 the movement elements 114 of the movement units 128 run essentially parallel to each other and horizontally.

Incidentally, the in 8th illustrated fifth embodiment of the heat storage device 100 in terms of structure and function with the in 1 first embodiment shown, so that reference is made to the preceding description thereof.

One in 9 illustrated sixth embodiment of a heat storage device 100 differs from the in 1 illustrated first embodiment essentially in that the drive shafts 118 for the movement elements 114a , 114b and 114c are not nested in each other, but arranged side by side, so that the movement elements 114a , 114b and 114c are arranged offset from one another in the horizontal direction.

Incidentally, the in 9 illustrated sixth embodiment of the heat storage device not claimed 100 in terms of structure and function with the in 1 first embodiment shown, so that reference is made to the preceding description thereof.

As a result, in all of the heat storage devices shown 100 at least one movement device each 112 is provided, by means of which at least part of the storage medium 104 can be set in motion at least in the liquid state, wherein the movement device 112 at least two movement elements each 114 includes which are in mutually different positions A. , B. , C. in the receiving device 102 are arranged and by means of which a movement of the storage medium 104 at different vertical positions A. , B. , C. in the receiving device 102 can be influenced, when discharging the heat storage device 100 efficient heat transfer from the storage medium 104 be made possible on the heat transfer medium.

List of reference symbols

100

Heat storage device

102

Recording device

104

Storage medium

106

Wall

108

Recording room

110

Heat exchanger

112

Movement device

114

Movement element

116

Axis of rotation

117

Drive device

118

drive shaft

120

Control device

122

Control device

124

vertical direction

126

Measuring device

128

Movement unit

130

Corner areas

132

Flow guide element

134

Storage medium stream

136

cables

D.

Inside diameter

L.

length

A, B, C

vertical positions

Claims (10)

Heat storage device (100) for storing heat, comprising - a storage medium (104) which, in order to charge the heat storage device (100) with heat, is at least partially brought from a solid aggregate state to a liquid aggregate state and which is at least partially brought from the liquid aggregate state into the solid aggregate state to discharge the heat storage device (100), - a receiving device (102) for receiving the storage medium (104) and - a heat exchanger (110) for transferring heat from a heat transfer medium to the storage medium (104) when loading the heat storage device (100) and / or for transferring heat from the storage medium (104) onto the heat transfer medium when discharging the heat storage device (100), the heat storage device (100) comprising a movement device (112) by means of which at least part of the storage medium (104) is set in motion, at least in the liquid state, wherein the movement device ( 112) at least two comprises movement elements (114) rotating independently of one another to influence the movement of the storage medium (104) about a common axis of rotation (116), the at least two movement elements (114) for influencing the movement of the storage medium (104) at mutually different vertical positions (A, B, C) are arranged in the receiving device (102) at mutually different vertical positions (A, B, C) in the receiving device (102), characterized in that the movement device (112) has at least two drive shafts (118) for Comprises driving at least two movement elements (114), at least one of the drive shafts (118) running at least in sections within at least one further drive shaft (118) of the at least two drive shafts (118). Heat storage device (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that at least one movement element (114) has a cross-shaped cross section. Heat storage device (100) according to one of the Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that at least one movement element (114) has an S-shaped cross section. Heat storage device (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the receiving device (102) for guiding at least one storage medium flow (134) within the receiving device (102) comprises at least one flow guiding element (132). Heat storage device (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 4th , characterized in that the heat storage device (100) for determining the viscosity and / or the temperature of the storage medium (104) in at least two different vertical positions (A, B, C) in the receiving device (102) has at least one measuring device (126) includes. Heat storage device (100) according to Claim 5 , characterized in that the heat storage device (100) has a control device (120) and / or a regulating device (122) for controlling and / or regulating an actuation of the at least one movement element (114) as a function of the determined viscosity and / or as a function of the determined temperature of the storage medium (104) in an environment of at least one movement element (114). A method for storing heat, comprising the following: - loading a heat storage device (100) with heat, a storage medium (104) of the heat storage device (100) being at least partially brought from a solid physical state to a liquid physical state; - Unloading of the heat storage device (100), the storage medium (104) being at least partially brought from the liquid state of aggregation to the solid state of aggregation, with at least part of the storage medium (104) being at least liquid by means of a movement device (112) of the heat storage device (100) The aggregate state is set in motion, at least two movement elements (114) being actuated independently of one another and being set in rotation about a common axis of rotation (116) to influence the movement of the storage medium (104), characterized in that the at least two movement elements (114) by means of at least two drive shafts (118) guided one inside the other at least in sections are driven and that a movement of the storage medium (104) at different vertical positions (A, B, C) in the receiving device (102) is influenced by means of the at least two movement elements (114). Procedure according to Claim 7 , characterized in that by means of the at least two movement elements (114) at different vertical positions (A, B, C) in the receiving device (102) different strength storage medium flows (134) are generated. Method according to one of the Claims 7 or 8th , characterized in that by means of the at least two movement elements (114) at least two storage medium streams (134) running parallel to one another are generated. Method according to one of the Claims 7 to 9 , characterized in that at least two movement elements (114) are actuated as a function of the temperature and / or the viscosity of the storage medium (104) in the vicinity of the respective movement element (114).

Images