DE3241154A1 - Warp-knitting machine, especially double-rib machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A warp-knitting machine, especially double-rib machine, is equipped with holding-down and knocking-over sinkers which reach into the needle interspaces and are arranged on at least one sinker bar and to which a forward and backward movement between a holding-down and a knocking-over position, directed essentially transversely to the needle movement and coordinated with the needle movement, can be imparted by a control gear coupled to the sinker bar. In order, along with the simple design, to achieve a high working speed of the machine, whilst ensuring a low stress on the warp yarns, the arrangement is such that, starting from a fully retracted position, after the placing of the warp yarns they first execute a driving-out movement which is in the opposite direction to the retraction movement of the needles and in the course of which the looping of the warp yarns takes place in interaction between the needles and the sinkers, the sinkers moreover changing over to the knocking-over position transversely relative to the needles, and the sinkers then being moved back again completely into their fully retracted position in a retraction movement taking place in the same direction as the retraction movement of the needles, before they are once more transferred into their holding-down position transversely relative to the needles.

Description

Warp knitting machine, especially Raschel machine

The invention relates to a warp knitting machine, in particular a Raschel machine, with reaching into the needle lanes, arranged on at least one sinker bar Enclosure and knockdown sinkers, which are coupled to the sinker bar by a Control gear directed essentially transversely to the needle movement on the Needle movement coordinated back and forth movement between a containment and a discount can be given.

The common Raschel machines have one or two needle bars into which the shafts of a resp.

two rows of needles are cast. The latch needles of the needle row (s) are assigned guide rails equipped with perforated needles, which have an oscillating and displacing movement execute and thereby the warp threads of the respective thread system ws the expelled Lay needles carefully. To prevent the goods from rising when the needles are driven out, a comb anchored to a so-called comb bar is provided, the executes a transverse, forward and backward movement in relation to the row of needles, which is matched to the needle movement.

There are also so-called plate Raschel machines known (A. Weigkricht - "The technology of warp knitting", Vienna 1949), in which a blank bar is provided, which, controlled by eccentrics, directed transversely to the row of needles Performs back and forth movement while including and casting off the stitches concerned.

There are also other warp knitting machines known (high-speed chain chair and the like.), which are also cast into a sinker bar Sinkers that work between the often designed as pointed needles Needles stick out.

Both with these machines and with newer Raschel machines compound needles are not infrequently used today.

In the warp knitting machines, the needles are swiveled through through the needle lanes and when inserting the warp threads into the driven out needles generated relatively large thread tension peaks.

In addition, the Raschel machines in particular require considerable Pull-off forces that result in a corresponding stress on the threads. In the end limits the relatively long expulsion path of the needles, as it is to ensure a Safe containment of the warp threads is required, the working speed of the machines.

The object of the invention is to provide a warp knitting machine, and in particular a Raschel machine, which is easy to set up and has a high Working speed with low, even stress on the warp threads.

The warp knitting machine mentioned at the beginning is used to solve this problem according to the invention characterized in that the sinkers also in the longitudinal direction of the needle movably mounted and controlled by the control gear in such a way that they, starting from a fully retracted position, then placing the warp threads first of all, an expulsion movement directed in the opposite direction to the retraction movement of the needles execute, in the course of which the loop formation of the warp threads in cooperation takes place between the needles and the sinkers, the sinkers at right angles to the needles also go into the tee position and then the sinkers in one with the retraction movement of the needles in the same direction again completely be moved back to their fully extended position before they turn transversely to the needles are transferred into their containment position.

By the fact that the containment and knockdown sinkers during the formation of the stitch perform an expulsion movement opposite to the needle movement is the path of movement the needles and the needle bar are correspondingly shorter, which means the working speed the machine can be increased. The comb commonly used on Raschel machines and the milling sheet is omitted, which contributes to a simplification of the machine structure, whereby the sinker bar takes the place of the comb bar. Since the goods at Expelling the needles from the containment tabs of the containment and sinker sinkers is held, only relatively low withdrawal forces are required, which means the stress on the warp threads is reduced and a deterioration in quality of the goods is avoided by the deduction. The mesh count will exclusively on the loop-forming elements, namely the enclosing and knock-off sinkers and the needles.

To avoid the occurrence of tension peaks in the warp threads during through the needles swing through the needle lanes while the warp threads are being considered to avoid, it is appropriate that the arrangement is made such that the Sinkers through the control gear while the needles swing through the needle streets a small one counteracting an increase in tension in the warp threads Expulsion movement is issued, possibly with an equivalent, small Transverse movement of the boards is combined.

The containment and tee sinkers can be through the control gear Immediately following the laying of the warp threads moved back into their cut-off position will. It is also advantageous if the needles after knocking off the stitches while relaxing the newly formed thread loops a little way through the Control gears are driven out, so that the goods are more even.

It is particularly advantageous if the boards are each in the area their nose on their upper side widened laterally like stripes or strips are and with their widening in the immediate vicinity of the neighboring The needle shafts protrude or touch them. The nose of each board can be on both sides each with one formed on the widening, parallel to the board trending Be provided with a backing edge in the immediate vicinity of the neighboring one Needle shaft lies or touches it. This way it will be a safe application of the stitches is guaranteed even when the warp knitting machine is working with fringes. Since each needle only creates wales and no thread connections are present between adjacent needles, the goods could through the conventional The stick cannot be securely held back when the needles are driven out.

The containment and tee sinkers can also each have one side Carry arranged cut-off plate, on which a perpendicular to the plate, Additional tee-off edge protruding laterally from the actual cut-off edge is formed in the area in front of the throat and the adjacent needle lies. In doing so, each board can then have a have approximately arcuately curved, the goods supporting bearing surface, so that when driving out the blanks, the goods are supported over a large area and are safe is raised against the retraction movement of the needles. The tee plates of neighboring circuit boards can even with the inclusion of the needle in between directly lie next to each other or possibly touch each other, with which the mentioned support surface for the goods are practically uninterrupted over the entire length of the Row of needles extends.

To prevent a warp knitting machine working with latch needles, that the needle tongues strike prematurely - leading to errors in the Goods would lead - for example, with the known Raschel machines a so-called Tongue holding wire can be provided, which is arranged taut along the entire row of needles is. This tongue holding wire is for the operation and especially for setting up and Conversion work is a hindrance. It can be dispensed with if the inclusion and sinkers in the area of the throat or behind the throat, one on each side protruding, preventing the slamming of the tongue of the adjacent latch needle Have tongue holding block, with a part of the adjacent needle tongue overlaps. This tongue holding block can each consist of one, compared to the Board made of softer material, for example a plastic material, with which the sensitive tongues of the latch needles are spared.

The lifting of the goods during the movement of the needles in the opposite direction Expulsion movement of the blanks causes a certain tension in the goods, which in the generally absorbed by the inherent elasticity of a knitted fabric will. If this increase in tension is avoided with sensitive or very dense goods is to be, the arrangement can be made such that the warp knitting machine an elastic tension compensation device that interacts with the goods that have been withdrawn has, which in a preferred embodiment via a rotatably mounted, Tensioning pulley partially wrapped around by the pulled-off goods disposes, which is loaded by spring force across or against the direction of movement of the goods.

The new warp knitting machine not only ensures safe work, but is also characterized by a better compared to known machines clarity. In addition, it allows during all phases of movement due to the aforementioned controllability of the containment and knock-off sinkers, ideal thread tension ratios largely achievable. It can also be used to create various bindings that would otherwise have inevitably, relatively high thread tension changes occur, more problem-free which in turn increases the operational reliability of the new warp knitting machine is improved.

In the drawing is an embodiment of the subject matter of Invention shown. 1 shows a Raschel machine according to the invention, in the cutout, with a schematic illustration of the mesh-forming elements, in a side view, in a simplified representation, FIGS. 2 to 6 the arrangement according to FIG. 1, illustrating various successive states during the loop formation process, each in a corresponding representation 1 and 7 show a needle and two containment and knock-off sinkers adjacent to it the warp knitting machine according to FIG. 2, in a view in the direction of arrows VII-VII of Fig. 2, 8 shows an enclosing and knock-off sinker of the warp knitting machine according to Fig. 1, in an enlarged side view, in detail, Fig. 9 the inclusion and tee plate according to FIG. 8, in a perspective view, in a cutout, FIG. 10 shows an enclosing and knock-off plate for a warp knitting machine according to FIG Invention, in a modified embodiment, in a perspective view and in the section, and Fig.11 the inclusion and cut-off plate according to Fig.10, in Interaction with a latch needle, in a side view and in a cutout.

The warp knitting machine has at least one not shown, needle bar coupled with a control gear, in the usual manner Latch needles 1 lying next to one another at a distance are cast in, the needle shaft of which is shown at 2, while the needle tongue is denoted by 3 and the needle hook by 4 are. Between the individual latch needles 1, one of which is shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, respectively only one is illustrated, each containment and cut-off sinkers 5 are arranged, their shape in detail in particular from FIGS. 7 to 11 in two different ways Embodiments can be seen. Each inclusion and tee plate 5 has a sinker shaft 60 with which they are in a sinker bar, also not shown is cast, which is appropriately stored in the machine frame and with is coupled to the control gear of the needle bar. The sinker bar and the Needle bar can also have different control gears that inevitably interrelate are coupled and thus form a common transmission.

Each of the containment and knockdown sinkers 5 is provided with a knockdown edge 6 a groove 7 and a nose 8 which delimits the groove 7.

In the illustrated embodiments, the inclusion and Tee sinkers 5 anchored with their sinker shafts 60 in a sinker bar, which is arranged in the vicinity of the needle bar below the needle hook 4. Alternatively Embodiments would also be conceivable in which the sinker bar, based on Fig. 1, is provided to the right of the needle hook 4, so that the sinker shafts 60 approximately run horizontally.

The needle bar is driven by its control gear so that they the latch needles 1 connected to it, based on FIG. 1, essentially vertical extension and retraction movement can give how to enclose them the warp threads indicated at 9, 10 and the subsequent loop and loop formation is required. The warp threads 9, 10 are guided through perforated needles 11, which in at 12 indicated guide rails are cast, which in turn in the warp knitting machines known manner are controlled in such a way that they the warp threads 9.10 of the respective Lay the thread system according to the respective weave.

The containment and knock-off sinkers arranged between the latch needles 1 5 are in the machine frame in the longitudinal direction of the needle according to the arrows 13,14 2,5 and also in the transverse direction of the needle according to the arrows 15,16 of Fig. 1,2, movably mounted .. Your sinker bar can from the assigned control gear be moved such that the containment and sinker sinkers 5 both have one the needle movement coordinated back and forth movement between a containment position (Fig. 2) and a tee position (Fig. 1) as well as, starting from one in Fig, 1, 2 fully retracted position shown, a reciprocating motion can perform in the direction of needle movement.

For this purpose, the enclosing and tee sinkers 5 can either be in two mutually substantially perpendicular intersecting directions be movable, or but the arrangement is such that the sinkers swivel can perform the movement components in the two directions of movement mentioned results. Also combinations between a swivel movement and a straight one Movement are conceivable.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS each inclusion and cut-off plate 5 in the area of its nose 8 (see FIG. 9) their upper side has a strip-like or strip-like lateral widening, such as it is indicated at 17, on each of which a backing edge 18 is formed on both sides is.

As can be seen from FIG. 7, the widening 17 protrudes laterally in this way far beyond the inclusion and tee plate 5 before that they are in the immediate Proximity to the adjacent needle shaft 2 is sufficient and preferably touches it, such that the backing edges 18 of adjacent containment and knockdown sinkers 5 each also in the immediate vicinity of the intermediate, parallel-flanked limited needle shaft 2 lie or touch this. These receding edges 18 can also be designed to be resilient.

In the area in front of the throat 7 each of the containment and knock-off sinkers carries 5 a perpendicular to the board, from the actual knock-off edge 6 laterally protruding additional cut-off edge 19, which is attached to one in the from the Fig. 8, 9 is formed in a manner that is evident at this point and arranged at this point is. The tee plate 20 can be made in one piece from the material of the containment and Tee sinkers 5 be formed; but it can also be soldered on or cast on or otherwise attached.

In particular, Fig. 9 shows that subsequent to the additional knock-off edge 19 each of the containment and knockdown sinkers 5 one partially through the knockout plate 20 formed, approximately arcuately curved support surface 21, which for support the formed goods are used, as will be explained in detail later.

The tee plates 20 of adjacent containment and tee sinkers 5 can completely enclose the latch needle 1 in between and themselves connect directly to the neighboring board or even touch it, like this that substantially continuous over the length of the row of needles closed bearing surface 21 results.

Alternatively, the arrangement could also be made such that the Cut-off plate 20 on the inclusion and cut-off plate 5 not on one side, but is placed on both sides in such a way that the additional knockdown edges 19 on both sides the knockdown edge 6 extend, whereby the knockdown plates of adjacent inclusion and knocking off sinkers, including the latch needle 1 in between come to lie in close proximity to each other or touch each other.

The deduction of the goods indicated in Fig. 1 at 22 takes place via a usual, not further shown goods take-off device. To a limited, elastic Allowing the compensating movement of the goods 22 during withdrawal is in the goods withdrawal path a goods tension compensation device between the needle clean and the haul-off device 23 is provided, the one rotatably mounted on two levers 24, withdrawn from the Goods 22 has partially wrapped tensioning roller 25, which by a one end Stationarily anchored tension spring 26 via the lever 24 pivotably mounted at 27, for example is loaded transversely to the direction of travel of the goods. Instead, the goods could simply be be wound with low tension so that it can give way for the compensatory movement.

The Raschel machine described so far works as follows: At the basic position of the loop-forming elements illustrated in FIG. 1 the latch needles 1 lowered with her needle bar. The inclusion and Tee sinkers 5 are also in their lowest or fully retracted position In addition, they take - in the direction running transversely to the latch needles 1 - the cut-off position in which the goods 22 are released from the lugs 8 and the latch needles 1 with their shank back near that of the additional Cut-off edge 19 outgoing vertical surface 28 of the cut-off plates 20 of the inclusion and sinkers 50 extend, against these vertical surfaces 28 also can be supported laterally. The perforated needles 11 take approximately the one shown in FIG Middle position.

Starting from the basic position described, the inclusion and sinkers 5 in the horizontal direction, as indicated in Fig. 1 by the arrow 15, transferred to the latch needles 2 into the locking position in which the goods 22 is held by the lugs 8 in the grooves 7 of the sinkers.

Immediately afterwards, the latch needles 2 start moving which are transferred to the full drive position shown in FIG. 2. at this expulsion movement of the latch needles 2 is the goods from the noses 8 of the inclusion and sinkers held so that they are not taken upwards can. The back strip edges running directly next to the shafts 2 of the latch needles 1 18 of the containment and knockdown sinkers 5 ensure thereby a safe pulling back of the stitches hanging on the individual latch needle shafts 2, so that even in the event that so-called single-needle fringes are being produced are excluded, a rising of the goods with the moving latch needles 1 is.

The perforated needle bars 12, and thus the perforated needles 11, are synchronized also executed a horizontal movement with the containment and cut-off sinkers 5, once around the latch needles passing into the fully extended position 1 space and on the other hand to keep the tension of the warp threads constant. These The phase of movement of the perforated needles 11 is indicated in FIG. 1 by an arrow 30.

Then oscillate at this state shown in FIG. 2 the perforated needles 11 through the alleys of the latch needles 2 through to the rear, such as this is indicated in FIG. 2 by an arrow 31. This movement lasts so long until the perforated needles 11 assume the rear position illustrated in FIG. 3.

During this swinging through of the perforated needles 11 and the warp thread systems 9,10 through the needle lanes lead the containment and knock-off sinkers 5 a small, upward movement indicated by the arrow 13 in FIG. 2 as well as an upward movement combined therewith small horizontal movement in the direction of arrow 16 of FIG. 2 to the tee position to off. With this little combined vertical and horizontal movement the Inclusion and cut-off sinkers 5, the goods 22 are inevitably taken along, with the movement is so directed that it increases the tension in the warp threads 9,10 counteracts which otherwise due to the swinging movement of the perforated needles 11 would be caused. The warp threads 10 are therefore largely affected by tension peaks kept free.

The perforated needle bars 12 now then lead to the in Fig. 3 shows the known lateral displacement movement, the warp threads 9,10 are placed over the individual needle shafts 2 according to the pattern. This offset movement is indicated in FIG. 3 by an arrow 32.

This is followed by the swinging back movement of the needles 11, in which the needles 11 again pass through the needle lanes and the Overlap and tension the warp threads 9, 10 over the needle shafts 2 until the one shown in FIG is reached. The swing back movement of the needles 11 is illustrated in FIG. 3 by an arrow 33.

Now, starting from the state according to Figure 4, the inclusion and sinkers 5 in the direction of arrow 16 of FIG. 4 horizontally to the rear transferred to their cut-off position, in which the goods 22 are released from the noses 8 is and rests against the knockdown edges 6,19.

Either afterwards or already during this horizontal return movement the locking and knock-off sinkers 5 guide the latch needles 1 one downward feed movement, while the containment and detachment sinkers 5 at the same time an upward expulsion movement opposite to the needle movement execute, which is indicated in Fig. 4 by an arrow 34, while the beginning Needle drive movement is illustrated by arrow 35.

In the course of this opposite movement of the latch needles 1 and the Enclosing and knock-off sinkers 5 take place in cooperation between the latch needles 1 and the knockdown edges .6,19 of the enclosing and knockdown sinkers 5 in the usual Way the loop formation of the warp threads 9,10, with the newly formed stitches first each applied to the needle heads with the needle tongue 3 closed and from these then be knocked off.

The containment and knockdown sinkers 5 and latch needles 1 have now reached the position shown in Fig. 5, in which the newly formed Stitches have already been cast off.

Starting from this position, the latch needles 1 and the containment and tee sinkers 5 - indicated by arrows 14 and 35 of FIG. 5 - moved vertically downwards together, the inclusion and Stop sinkers 5 in the withdrawal position. The needles 11 take during this Downward movement to a neutral position in which you can move the Maintain constant warp tension. In this position According to FIG. 6, they are transferred in the direction of arrow 16 in FIG.

With the mentioned common vertical downward or retraction movement the latch needles 1 and the enclosing and knock-off sinkers 5 are the newly formed Meshes formed. For this purpose, the withdrawal speeds of the inclusion and Sinkers 5 and latch needles 1 may be slightly different.

As well as the enclosing and tee sinkers 5 their fully retracted Have reached the position according to Fig. 6, the latch needles 1 go according to the arrow 34 of FIG. 6 again slightly upwards in order to relax the newly formed loops.

The state according to FIG. 1 is thus reached again, starting from which the next row of stitches is worked as described.

The fabric 22 is permanent during the stitching processes discussed over a large area of the support surfaces 21 of the containment and cut-off sinkers 5 formed, supported over the entire row of needles extending surface. The tension roller 25 (Fig. 1) prevents the goods 22 during the expulsion movement the containment and tee sinkers 5 is stretched excessively.

The tension roller 25 can be elastic against the action of the tension spring 26 Dodge sideways and thus shorten the travel path of the goods, so that the pull-off tension remains constant.

Instead of latch needles 2, compound needles could naturally also be used are used, which then a corresponding control mechanism for the slide is to be assigned as it is known per se.

To ensure that the needle tongues 3 during the reference to Fig. 1.2 illustrated expulsion movement can not be added to the Enclosure and tee sinkers 5 special precautions must be taken. As from Fig.10, 11 to see, the inclusion and cut-off sinkers 5 - the 10, 11 are shown without the knock-off plate 20 for the sake of simplicity -behind the throat 7 each a laterally protruding, the slamming of the tongue 3 of the adjacent latch needle 1 preventing latch retaining block 36, which with a downwardly curved wedge-shaped tapering surface 37 is the respectively adjacent Latch needle 2 engages over, as can be seen from FIG. 11.

The tongue holding block 36 can be integrally attached to the nose 8 or the widening 17 connect. It can also be "cast on" and from a compared to that Board material soft material, for example. A plastic or lead, exist to thus ensuring a gentle interaction with the sensitive needle tongues 3.

The mode of operation of the tongue holding block 37 is shown in FIG. 11. A slamming is evident the needle tongue 3 of the expelled Latch needle 1 excluded, as is sometimes the case with so-called emptying of the newly formed mesh can occur, i.e. at the moment in which this mesh the needle tongue 3 leaves1 and the needle tongue 3 is thus stress-free, which is the Can have the consequence that the needle tongue snaps elastically forwards and upwards.

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Claims (14)

Claims 1. Warp knitting machine, in particular Raschel machine, with reaching into the needle lanes, arranged on at least one sinker bar Enclosure and knockdown sinkers, which are coupled to the sinker bar by a Control gear directed essentially transversely to the needle movement, on the Needle movement coordinated back and forth movement between a containment and can be given to a tee position, characterized in that the sinkers (5) are also controlled in the longitudinal direction of the needle in such a way that, starting from a full retracted position, then to the laying of the warp threads (9, 10) first execute an expulsion movement in the opposite direction to the retraction movement of the needles (1), in the course of the loop formation of the warp threads (9, 10) in the interaction between the needles (1) and the sinkers (5) takes place, the sinkers (5) also transversely to the needles (1) in the knock-off position and then the sinkers (5) in a retraction movement in the same direction as the retraction movement of the needles (1) be moved fully back to their fully retracted position before turning again transversely to the needles (1) are transferred into their containment position. 2. warp knitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sinkers (5) through the control gear while the Punch needles (11) through the needle lanes an increase in tension in the warp threads (9, 10) counteracting small budding movement is issued, possibly with a equivalent small transverse movement of the plates (5) is combined. 3. Warp knitting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the sinkers (5) through the control gear then to the laying of the warp threads (9, 10) are moved back into their tee position. 4. warp knitting machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the needles (1) after the knocking off of the stitches under relaxation of the newly formed thread loops driven out a little way by the control gear will. 5. warp knitting machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the plates (5) each in the areas of their nose (8) on their Upper side are laterally widened like strips or strips and with their widening (17) protrude into the immediate vicinity of the adjacent needle shafts (2) or these touch. 6. warp knitting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the nose (8) of each board (5) on both sides with one on the widening (17) formed, parallel to the plate (5) running back strip (18) is provided, which is in the immediate vicinity of the respective adjacent needle shaft (2) lies or touches it. 7. warp knitting machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the sinkers (5) each have a laterally arranged cut-off plate (20) wear, on which a perpendicular to the board (5) extending from the actual teeing edge (6j laterally protruding, additional teeing edge (19). is formed in the area in front of the throat (7) and the adjacent Needle (1) lies. 8. warp knitting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that then to the additional knock-off edge (19), each plate (5) has an approximately arcuate shape has curved, the goods (22) supporting bearing surface (21). 9. warp knitting machine according to claim .8, characterized in that the knock-off plates (20) of adjacent sinkers (5) including the one in between Needles (1) lie directly next to one another or on the adjacent board (5) or possibly touch one another or this board (5). 10. warp knitting machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the sinkers (5) in the region of the throat (7) or behind the throat (7) each one protruding laterally, slamming the tongue (3) of the neighboring one Have latch needle (1) preventing latch retaining block (37) with a part engages over the adjacent latch needle (1). 11. warp knitting machine according to one of claims 8, 9 or 10, characterized characterized in that the knock-off plate (20) and / or the tongue holding block (37), respectively from one, compared to the board (5) softer material, for example a plastic material. 12. Warp knitting machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that it is a co-operating with the withdrawn goods (22), elastic Has goods tension compensation device (23). 13. warp knitting machine according to claim 12, characterized in that the goods tension compensation device (23) is a rotatably mounted, withdrawn from the one Goods (22) has partially wrapped tensioning roller (25), which by spring force is loaded across or against the direction of travel of the goods. 14. Warp knitting machine according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized characterized in that the receding edges (18) are resilient.