DE3234370A1 - Propulsion and/or pump unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a propulsion and/or pump unit which can be used in both tropical developing countries and industrial nations. In tropical countries some of the transport is still by means of boats on rivers and canals. The number of boats amounts to several thousand. On the other hand, there is an urgent need in these countries to irrigate the fields in a modern manner (i.e. by means of pipes or hoses) in order to increase the yields. The propulsion and/or pump unit according to the invention enables both tasks to be carried out. To this end, the internal combustion engines, with their extension shaft, are equipped with a submersible pump which, by means of a jet nozzle, alternatively produces the propulsion for the boat or else can be used for pumping the water required for the fields. The submersible pump has a low flow resistance and is simple in its construction. The pump does not become clogged even if the boat driven by it passes through water plants. The novel propulsion unit can also be used for the drive of inland river vessels and smaller sea-going vessels or for sports boats.

Description

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Propulsion and / or pump unit.

The invention relates to a propulsion and / or pump unit for boats or ships, which can also be used as a stationary system if necessary.

In tropical and subtropical countries (Brazil, Venezuela, China, Thailand, Biraa, Congo etc.) is still part of the traffic by boats on rivers and canals settled. In many cases, the boats are driven by old car engines with one of a Schut on their crankshaft The extension shaft surrounded by the tube is screwed onto the end of the shaft, which is immersed in the water, with a propeller.

Because in these tropical countries there is also an urgent need Given that the yield of the fields is to be increased by irrigation, it is obvious that the many thousands of boats to retrofit their internal combustion engines with a simple and cheap device that powers both the boats and the Need trap - allows the fields to be irrigated.

In order to meet this double task, a propulsion and / or pump unit for boats or ships is proposed, that from an internal combustion engine with attached to its crankshaft, horizontal or against the horizontal below consists of an acute angle inclined extension shaft, wherein the outer end of the extension shaft is immersed in the water during operation, and this is characterized according to the invention is that the unit has a submersible pump consisting of a pump housing and an impeller, the pump housing on the protective tube of the extension shaft and the impeller at the end of the

Extension shaft of the motor are attached, lind that on the pump housing or on the nozzle of the leach pump on the engine applied side a separate, one-part or multi-part jet nozzle "or a separate, one-part or multi-part flow elbow is appropriate. (In special cases - especially in stationary systems - the combustion engine can be replaced by an electric motor will.)

This new device can also be used as a forwarding unit in industrialized countries for pleasure craft or - especially - for inland shipping, smaller seagoing vessels are used. Because the efficiency of the submersible pump (depending on the pump size) is 0.6 to 0.8 and significantly higher than that of a conventional ship's propeller the new propulsion unit requires only one drive motor to generate the same thrust compared to a propeller, whose power is about 0.75 times the required engine power for the propeller.

The new device is also very suitable for retrofitting of boats or ships that are already in use. (If there is a motor, then there is a greater thrust.)

In order to keep the flow resistance of the submersible pump as small as possible when the boat is moving, it has an elongated, Flow-favorable (drop-like) shape, the outer boundary surfaces of which are continuously - or almost continuously - one inside the other pass over.

The pump housing of the submersible pump is in itself known way designed as a closed ring.

To reduce wear and tear during operation of the submersible pump

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to keep the same as low as possible, is in the light metal or plastic existing pump housing in the area of the impeller a steel ring cast or injected.

Furthermore, the pump impeller - with a semi-axial construction - Outside a circular cylindrical shape. This allows the pump housing and impeller to move in the axial direction during assembly be attached to each other with larger tolerances.

The impeller, which is made of light metal or plastic, also has a 'outside' - to reduce wear Steel ring with grooves or ridges attached to its outer surface or on which there is a thread.

According to another feature of the invention is between the impeller on the one hand and the separate thrust nozzle or the separate Flow elbow on the other hand, a ring-shaped diffuser arranged. The latter increases the efficiency of the pump and thereby reduces the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine. The ring-shaped diffuser is preferably with its outer ring between the pump housing on the one hand and the Thrust nozzle or the flow elbow on the other hand jammed.

In those cases, as the submersible pump is attached to an internal combustion engine is attached with an inclined extension shaft, the axis of the separate thrust nozzle closes with the axis of the extension shaft or an angle 06 between 10 and 50 degrees with the axis of the air wheel in the vertical plane. This pushes the Thrust nozzle from the motive water in an optimal way approximately in the horizontal.

To the eroding effect of the propulsion jet

To reduce the submersible pump to the unpaved embankments, the jet nozzle can also have several small outlet openings for have the driving water. (This is especially true for larger versions of the submersible pump.)

According to another essential feature of the invention

can be releasably attached to the pump housing or the diffuser

/ for field irrigation operation jet nozzle exchanged for a separate flow elbow are, at whose - preferably upwardly directed - outlet opening a pipe or hose coupling is arranged.

The inner flow cone, which keeps the outflow losses from the diffuser low, is at least partially enclosed by the thrust nozzle or by the flow elbow and connected to it or to it via one or more support blades. Above all, this solution allows the diffuser to be manufactured more easily. The support blades also "straighten" the propulsion jet emerging from the jet nozzle, which results in a very compact propulsion jet.

Around the pump housing on the protective tube of the extension shaft To be able to attach the internal combustion engine (Ε-engine) is the same in connection with an upper half-clamp via a cover plate. This includes the upper half-clamp, cover plate and pump housing preferably designed as one component.

The cover plate is arranged over the connection opening of the pump housing (to prevent air being sucked in during operation) and the two outer areas of the cover plate are pulled down.

In the plan of the submersible pump, the two boundary edges of the cover plate are from the upper half-clamp to the pump housing designed to widen in the shape of an arrow. When passing through aquatic plants, the suction * opening of the pump housing pushed aside.

In addition, a screen body can be attached in front of the suction opening of the pump housing - preferably under the cover plate be.

In order to be able to attach the submersible pump to protective tubes of extension hamlets that have different outer diameters, there are several, preferably two, recesses in the upper and lower half-clamps to accommodate split Adjustment hoops attached. (This allows, above all, with motor units, which are already used for boat operation, replace the propeller with submersible pumps and thereby can also be used subsequently for field irrigation.)

The separate flow bend is designed so that its minimum cross-section is larger than the minimum cross-section the associated exhaust nozzle.

If the submersible pump is to be connected to a motor unit with a horizontal Extension shaft are arranged, the cover plate arranged over the suction opening of the pump housing is over at least one - preferably vertical - rib connected to the upper half-clamp.

To avoid inaccuracies between the pump housing and the Being able to balance the impeller and still be able to achieve a high level of efficiency is between the impeller and the

ring-shaped pump housing a separate, fixed adjustment ring arranged, which surrounds the impeller with a narrow radial gap.

If the impeller has an axial design, it carries one ring-shaped outer rim, the front edge of which is enclosed by part of the adjusting ring. This will prevent the Prevents foreign bodies between the impeller and the adjustment ring and the screen body can have a larger mass width results in a smaller pressure drop of the water in the strainer body.)

The submersible pump described above can also be connected to a metor unit with - via gears - angled Extension shaft (Z motor unit) must be attached. (This is especially true for larger boats or ships, including sports boats),

In the drawings, two propulsion and pump units and three associated submersible pumps are shown by way of example

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through a boat, in the stern of a propulsion and pump unit with angled extension shaft is pivotally attached.

Pig. 2 a vertical longitudinal section through a ship in which a propulsion and pump unit with a horizontal extension shaft is permanently installed.

Pig. 5 shows a vertical longitudinal section through a submersible pump in FIG first version (belonging to the propulsion and pump unit according to Pig. 1)

Pig. 4 is a plan view of the submersible pump of the first embodiment

Pig. 5 shows a vertical longitudinal section through a submersible pump of the second embodiment (belonging to the propulsion unit according to FIG Pig. 2)

Pig. 6 a local axial section through the submersible pump the second embodiment according to the AtB line in Pig. 5

Pig. 7 shows a vertical longitudinal section through a submersible pump in FIG third embodiment, in which the axial impeller is an annular Outer rim and the nozzle several openings for the Has outlet of the motive water.

The one in Pig. 1 boat 1, shown in vertical longitudinal section, is the pivotable propulsion shaft in its stern Pump unit 2 arranged.

The extension shaft coupled to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 3 and surrounded by a protective tube 4 its free end dips into the water during operation.

At the outer end of this extension shaft 5 with protective tube 4, the submersible pump 6 is arranged. Here is the pump housing 7 attached to the protective tube 4 and the pump impeller 8 attached to the end of the extension shaft 5.

On the side facing away from the internal combustion engine 3 of the The jet nozzle 9, which generates the propulsive force for the boat 1, is arranged in the submersible pump 6.

^{In the ship 1 1} shown in vertical longitudinal section in FIG. 2, the internal combustion engine 3 ^{1 is} arranged rigidly in the interior of the ship and has a horizontal extension shaft 5 'surrounded ^{by a protective tube 4 1.}

The submersible pump 6 'is seated on the water-side end of the extension shaft 5'.

When in Fig. 3 in vertical longitudinal section and in Pig. The submersible pump 6 of the first embodiment shown in plan has the pump housing 7 together with that between the housing 7 and Nozzle 9 arranged diffuser 10, as well as with the cover plate located above the suction opening 11 of the pump housing 7 an elongated, streamlined (drop-like) shape with little flow resistance.

Here, the pump housing 7 in known manner is as a closed ring ausgebildet.Weiters in the group consisting of light metal or plastic pump casing 7 in the region of the impeller 8, a steel ring is cast or injected in order to minimize ^r wear 7a.

The impeller 8 has a semi-axial design and a circular cylindrical shape on the outside. The outer ring of the also made of light metal or existing plastic impeller 8 carries a cast or injected steel ring 8a and this has on his Outer surface grooves 13 or ridges 14 or a thread.

The annular diffuser 10 is with its outer ring 10a clamped between pump housing 7 and jet nozzle 9. The diffuser 10 does not have an inner ring, which makes it easier to manufacture .

The jet nozzle 9 is designed as a separate component. Its axis forms an angle cC of approximately 30 degrees with the axis of the impeller 8. As a result, the driving water jet flows out in a horizontal direction during the boat trip.

The jet nozzle 9, which is releasably fastened to the pump housing 7 or to the diffuser 10, can be used for the irrigation operation against a Flow elbow 15 are exchanged, at its upwardly directed outlet opening 15a a pipe or hose coupling 16 is arranged.

To the outflow losses of the pumped water from -dem In order to keep the diffuser 10 small, a flow cone 17 is provided which is guided by the jet nozzle 9 or by the flow bend 15

is partially surrounded and is connected to this or to this via two support blades 18. The two support blades 18 cause a "rectification" of the motive water jet.

In order to be able to attach the pump housing 7 to the protective tube 4 of the extension shaft 5 of the motor 3, an upper Half clamp 19 over a cover plate 12 to the pump housing 7 tied together. Upper half clamp 19 »cover plate 12 and pump housing 7 form a component. The cover plate 12 is arranged over the suction opening 11 of the pump housing 7 and its both outer areas are drawn down. This prevents air from being sucked in by the pump during operation.

In the plan of the pump are the two boundary edges 12a, 12b of the cover plate 12 from the upper half-clamp 19 to the pump housing 7 is designed to widen in the shape of an arrow. This prevents sat when the boat is through aquatic plants drives through it, leaves and stems are sucked in by the pump.

A strainer body 20 can also be attached in front of the inlet opening 11 of the pump housing 7.

In order to be able to attach the pump housing 7 to protective tubes 4 of extension shafts 5 which have different outer diameters have, the upper half-clamp 19 and the lower half-clamp 21 have two recesses 22, the split adjustment tires 23 can accommodate.

The flow bend 15 is designed so that its minimum cross section is larger than the minimum cross section the associated jet nozzle 9.

In the submersible pump shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 the second embodiment for a horizontal extension shaft 5 'of the internal combustion engine 3' is the one above the intake opening 11 'of the pump housing 7' attached cover plate 12 ' with the upper half-clamp 19 'over a vertical rib 24' tied together.

The impeller 8 ¹ has an axial design.

Between the impeller 8 · and the annular pump housing 7 'a separate, fixed adjustment ring 25 * is arranged, which surrounds the impeller 8 'with a small radial gap' and against the pump housing 7 * by a deformable sealing ring 26 * is sealed.

The adjustment ring 25 * enables inaccuracies between Balance impeller 8 · and pump housing 7 '»

The axial extent "B" of the space between the pump housing 7 'and upper half-clamp 19' is greater than the axial extent "F" of the impeller 8 · or of the adjusting ring 25 *. This is necessary for the assembly.

In the submersible pump of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the axial impeller 8 ′ ¹ carries an annular outer rim 8a ¹¹ .

Its front edge is - in axial section - enclosed by part of the adjusting ring 25 * * to prevent pinching of To prevent foreign bodies between impeller 8 '' and adjusting ring 25 ''.

The jet nozzle 9 ¹¹ has several outlet openings for the motive water in order to reduce the erosion effect of the motive water on the embankments while the ship is in motion.

The remaining positions in Pig. 5 and Pig. 6 and in FIG. 7 then correspond to the positions in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 if the item numbers are the same.

With stationary pumping systems - in certain special cases also with ship propulsion systems - the combustion engine can also run through replaced by an electric motor with extension shaft and protective tube.

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Claims (24)

Claims 1 Propulsion and / or pump unit for a boat or ship or as a stationary system, consisting of an internal combustion engine or electric motor with an extension shaft attached to its (crankshaft) shaft, horizontal or inclined to the horizontal at an acute angle, with the outer end the extension shaft is immersed in the water during operation, characterized ^{in that the unit (2) carries a submersible pump (6, 6 1} ) consisting of a pump housing (7, 7 ') and an impeller (8, 8'), the pump housing ( 7 _f 7 ¹ ) on the protective tube (4, 4 ') of the extension shaft (5 »5 ¹ ) and the impeller (8, 8 ¹ ) are attached to the end of the extension shaft (5 _S 5') of the motor (3), and that a separate, one-part or multi-part jet nozzle (9, 9 ', 9 ¹¹ ) or a separate, one-part or multi-part flow elbow (15) is attached. 2. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover plate (12, 12 '), the pump housing (7 »7 ¹ ) - optionally with a diffuser (10, 10', 10 '') - and the jet nozzle (9, 9 ¹ , 9 ' ¹ ) together have an elongated, flow-favorable (drop-like) shape, the outer boundary surfaces of which merge continuously or almost continuously into one another. 3 · Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump housing (7, 7 ¹ ) is designed in a manner known per se as a closed ring. 4. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a steel ring (7a) is cast or in the pump housing (7, 7 '} made of light metal or plastic in the region of the impeller (8, 8 ¹⁾ is injected. 5. submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the impeller (8) Ton semi-axial construction has a circular cylindrical shape. 6. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a steel ring (8a) is cast or injected into the outer ring of the impeller (8) made of light metal or plastic. 7. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that on the outer surface of the steel ring (8a) of the impeller (8) grooves (13) or combs (14) are attached, or that there is a thread. 8. submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that between the impeller (8, 8 ', 8 ¹¹ ) on the one hand and thrust nozzle (9, 9 ¹ »9 ¹¹ ) or flow elbow (15) on the other hand, a ring-shaped diffuser (10, 10% 10 ') is arranged. a 9 Submersible pump for propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring-shaped diffuser (10, 10 ') with its outer ring (10a, 10a ¹ ) between the pump housing (7, 7 ¹ ) on the one hand and the thrust nozzle ( 9, 9 ″) or the flow elbow (-15) on the other hand is pinched. 10. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the jet nozzle (9, 9 *) formed as a separate component with the axis of the pump impeller (8, ') forms an angle oC between 10 and 50 degrees includes. 11. Submersible pump for a gate drive and © the pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the jet nozzle formed as a separate component (9 ¹¹ ) has several outlet openings for the motive water. 12. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the jet nozzle (9) releasably attached to the pump housing (7) or the diffuser (10) can be exchanged for a separate flow bend (15) on which - preferably upwardly directed - outlet opening (15a) an Eohr- or hose coupling (16) is arranged. 13. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner flow cone (17 »17 ') is at least partially enclosed by the jet nozzle (9, 9') or by the flow bend (15) and with this or is connected to it via one or more support blades (18, 18 ·). 14. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that an upper half-clamp (19, 19 ') is connected to the pump housing (7, 7') ^{via a cover plate (12, 12 1),} wherein the upper half-clamp (19, 19 '), cover plate (12, 12 ¹ ) and pump housing (7, 7 ¹ ) are preferably designed as one component. .I .'-.: - " ^z ..'- .- ■" ■ - ' 323437 15 · Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover plate (12, 12 above the suction opening (11, 11 ') of the pump housing (7, 7 ¹ ) is arranged and that its both outer areas (12a, 12b) are preferably pulled down. 16. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that - in the plan of the pump, the two boundary edges (12a, 12b) of the cover plate (12) from the upper half-clamp (19) to the pump housing (7) Mn are designed to expand arrow-shaped. · ■ ' 17. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that in front of the suction opening (11, 11 ¹ ) of the pump housing (7, 7 ') - preferably under the cover plate (12, 12') - a screen body (20, 20 ') is attached 18. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper (19) and under <half-clamp (21) have several recesses (22) for receiving split adjustment tires (23). 19. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum cross section of the flow bend (15) is greater than the minimum cross section of the associated jet nozzle (9) or greater than the sum of the outlet cross sections of the jet nozzle ( 9). 20. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, for attachment to a horizontal © the approximately horizontal extension shaft of the motor, characterized in that the above the suction opening (11 ') of the pump housing (7 ¹ ) arranged cover plate (12 *) is connected to the upper half-clamp (19 ') via at least one - preferably vertical - lip (24 * ^1). 21. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1 and 20, characterized in that the axial extent (E) of the free space between the pump housing (7 ¹ ) and the upper half clamp (19 ') is greater than the axial extent ( F) the impeller (7 ') or the adjusting ring (25 *). 22. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that between the impeller (8'i 8 ¹¹ ) and the annular pump housing (7 ¹ ) a separate, fixed adjusting ring (25 ', 25'') is arranged. 23. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1, with an axial impeller, characterized in that the impeller (8 ¹ ·) carries an annular outer rim ( ^{8 a 11) in a manner known per se.} 24. Submersible pump for a propulsion and / or pump unit according to claim 1 and 23 » characterized in that - in axial section · the front edge of the outer rim (8a ¹ ') of the impeller (8 ¹ ') from part of the adjusting ring (25 ¹¹ ) is enclosed. 25 · Propulsion and / or pump unit for boats or ships, characterized in that it consists of a motor unit with an angled e & extension shaft (Z-metor unit) and a submersible pump with one or more features of claims 2 to 24-i.