DE3228198A1 - Method of improving the keying of a reinforced-concrete root pile which forms a root pile wall preferably with other root piles of the same type - Google Patents
Method of improving the keying of a reinforced-concrete root pile which forms a root pile wall preferably with other root piles of the same typeInfo
- Publication number
- DE3228198A1 DE3228198A1 DE19823228198 DE3228198A DE3228198A1 DE 3228198 A1 DE3228198 A1 DE 3228198A1 DE 19823228198 DE19823228198 DE 19823228198 DE 3228198 A DE3228198 A DE 3228198A DE 3228198 A1 DE3228198 A1 DE 3228198A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- root
- concrete
- water
- cement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/62—Compacting the soil at the footing or in or along a casing by forcing cement or like material through tubes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
- E02D5/385—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with removal of the outer mould-pipes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Verzahnung einesMethod for improving the interlocking of a
Stahlbeton-Wurzelpfahls, der bevorzugt mit anderen gleichartigen Wurzelpfählen eine Wurzelpfahlwand bildet.Reinforced concrete root post, which is preferred with other similar root posts forms a root pile wall.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of the claim 1.
Allfgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Verahnung von Stahlbeton-Wurzelpfählen von beispielsweise 25 cm Durchmesser verbessern zu können.It is the general purpose of the invention to prevent reinforced concrete root piles of for example 25 cm in diameter to be able to improve.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 angegeben.The solution to this problem is given in the characterizing part of claim 1.
Dadurch, daß mehrere am Bewehrungskorb befestigte Manschettenrohre vorgesehen sind, läßt sich eine Injektion rund un den Bewehrungskorb vornehmen.The fact that several sleeve pipes attached to the reinforcement cage are provided, an injection can be made around un the reinforcement cage.
Um eine gleichmäßig verbesserte Verzahnung rund um Stan'lbeton-Wurzelpfahl vorzusehen, wird das Verfahren bevorzugt gemäß Anspruch 2 durchgeführt.About a uniformly improved interlocking around the stilted concrete root post to provide, the method is preferably carried out according to claim 2.
Auf eine genaue Ausrichtung der Durchbrechungen in den Manschettenrohren zum Umfang des Bewehrungskorbs braucht man nicht zu achten, wenn das Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3 durchgeführt wird.Precise alignment of the perforations in the sleeve tubes There is no need to pay attention to the scope of the reinforcement cage if the method according to Claim 3 is carried out.
Die in den Innenraum des Bewehrungskorbs gerichteten Durchbrechungen werden beim Injizieren von den Manschetten unter dem Druck des in dem Bewehrungskorb befindlichen Betons geschlossen gehalten.The openings directed into the interior of the reinforcement cage are injected from the sleeves under the pressure of the reinforcement cage located concrete kept closed.
In Längsrichtung des Wurzelpfahls erfolgt eine besonders günstige Verankerung ohne übermäßigen Arbeits- und Zeitaufwand, wenn das Verfahren gemäß Anspc' 4 durchgeführt wird. Besondere wirtschaftlich ist das Verfahren, wenn es gemäß Anspruch 5 durchgeführt wird.A particularly favorable one takes place in the longitudinal direction of the root pile Anchoring without undue effort or time if the procedure is in accordance with Anspc '4 is carried out. The process is particularly economical if it is according to claim 5 is carried out.
Die Erfahrung hat gezelgtn daß die Durchführung des Verfahrens besonders wirksam ist, wenn es gemäß Anspruch 6 ausgeführt wird. Gleiches gilt für die Ausführung des Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 7 bis 10.Experience has shown that the implementation of the procedure is special is effective when it is carried out according to claim 6. The same applies to the execution of the method according to claims 7 to 10.
Reicht die erzielte Verbesserung der Verankerung noch nicht aus, kann eine zusätzliche Verankerung vorteilhaft gemäß Anspruch 11 durchgeführt werden Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an Ausführungsbeispielen unter Hinweis auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen beschrieben.If the anchoring improvement achieved is not sufficient, it can an additional anchoring can advantageously be carried out according to claim 11 In the following, the invention is based on exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached Drawings described.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Abschnitt eines Wurzelpfahls bis zu seiner Mittelachse; Fig. 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch einen Wurzelpfahl nach Fig. 1; Fig. 3 zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen fertigen Wurzelpfahl; Fig. 4 zeigt eine zusätzliche Verankerung einer Wurz elpfahlwand.Fig. 1 shows a vertical section through a section of a root pile up to its central axis; Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a root post according to Fig. 1; 3 shows a vertical section through a finished root post; Fig. 4 shows an additional anchoring of a root pile wall.
Die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen einen Wurzelpfahl 2 mit einem Bewehrungskorb 41 der bereits betoniert ist.1 and 2 show a root post 2 with a reinforcement cage 41 which has already been concreted.
Der Bewehrungskorb 4 weist Längsstäbe 6 auf, die von einem Wendel 8 umschlossen sind. An der Innenseite der Wendel 8 sind zwischen jeweils swei Längsstäben 6 einander gegenüberliegend zwei Manschettenrohre 10 mit nach innen abgesetztem unten geschlossenen Bodenabschnitt 12 angebracht, beispeilsweise mit Draht angebunden. In Axialabstand voneinander weisen die Manschettenrohre 10 rundum Durchbrechungen 14 auf, die in Einsenkungen 16 im Umfang der Manschettenrohre 10 münden. In diesen Einsenkungen 16 liegen die Manschettenrohre 10 umschließende nachgiebige Manschetten 18.The reinforcement cage 4 has longitudinal bars 6 which are formed by a helix 8 are enclosed. On the inside of the helix 8 are between two longitudinal bars 6 opposite two sleeve tubes 10 with inwardly offset attached bottom section 12 closed, for example tied with wire. The sleeve tubes 10 have openings all around at an axial distance from one another 14, which open into depressions 16 in the circumference of the sleeve tubes 10. In these Depressions 16 lie resilient collars surrounding the collar tubes 10 18th
Zwecks InJestioh sind in die Manschettenrohre 10 Injektionsrohre 20 mit geschlossenem Boden 22 gesteckt, in deren Umfangswand sich in einigem Abstand von ihren Böden rundum Durchbrechungen 24 befinden.Injection tubes 20 are inserted into the sleeve tubes 10 for the purpose of injection plugged with closed bottom 22, in the circumferential wall at some distance of their bottoms are all around openings 24.
Beidseitig dieser Durchbrechungen 24 sind die Injektionsrohre 20 von an ihnen befestigten Packern 26 umschlossen, die in bekannter Weise eine Abdichtung gegenüber der inneren Oberfläche der Manschettenrohre 10 bewirken, jedoch eine Axialverschiebung der Injektionsrohre 20 innerhalb der Manschettenrohre 10 gestatten.On both sides of these openings 24 are the injection pipes 20 of Enclosed packers 26 attached to them, which seal in a known manner cause relative to the inner surface of the sleeve tubes 10, however, an axial displacement the injection tubes 20 within the sleeve tubes 10 allow.
Wird in der beanspruchten Weise in die Injektionsrohre 20 Wasser gedrückt, so tritt es aus den Durchbrechungen 24 in den durch die Packer 26 begrenaten Raum 28 ein und durch die Durchbrechungen 14, finfrn rn sie dem Bewehrungskorb 4 zugewandt sind, aus den Manschettenrohren 10 aus, um in dem Betonmantel 30 des Wurzelpfahls Haarrisse zu bilden oder durch solche Haarrisse zu dringen.If water is pressed into the injection tubes 20 in the manner claimed, in this way it emerges from the openings 24 into the space bounded by the packers 26 28 in and through the openings 14, they face the reinforcement cage 4 are from the sleeve pipes 10 to in the concrete jacket 30 of the root pile To form hairline cracks or to penetrate through such hairline cracks.
Durch die Linie 32 mit den beiden Pfeilen ist ein solcher Haarriß angedeutet. Das Ausdringen aus den Durchbrechungen 14 ist in dieser Weise möglich, weil sich die Manschette 18 auf der dem Bewehrungskorb 4 zugewandten Seite vom Manschettenrohr 10 abhebt, die Manschette jedoch die Durchbrechungen 14, die in das Innere des Wurzelpfahls weisen, unter Druck des Betonkerns 34 geschlossen hält.Such a hairline crack is shown by the line 32 with the two arrows indicated. The penetration from the openings 14 is possible in this way, because the cuff 18 is on the side facing the reinforcement cage 4 from the cuff tube 10 lifts off, the sleeve, however, the openings 14, which in the interior of the root post have, under pressure of the concrete core 34 keeps closed.
Gleiches gilt, wenn in die Injektionsrohre 20 anschließend ein Zement-wasser-Gemisch gepreßt wird, das dann durch die Haarrisse 32 in den Bodenbereich dringt, der den Betonmantel 30 umgibt.The same applies if a cement-water mixture is subsequently introduced into the injection pipes 20 is pressed, which then penetrates through the hairline cracks 32 in the bottom area, which the Concrete jacket 30 surrounds.
Für das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel sind folgende Abmessungen charakteristisch: äußerer Durchmesser des Bewehrungskorbs 17 cm, äußerer Durchmesser der Manschettenrohre 3,3 cm, äußerer Durchmesser der Injektionsrohre 1 cm, mittlerer äußerer Durchmesser der Wurzelpfähle vor der Injektion 25 cm.The dimensions for the embodiment described are as follows characteristic: outer diameter of the reinforcement cage 17 cm, outer diameter of the cuff tubes 3.3 cm, outer diameter of the injection tubes 1 cm, middle outer diameter of the root posts before injection 25 cm.
Im übrigen sind die Zeichnungen Fig. 1 und 2 unter Zugrundelegung dieser Abmessung etwa maßstabsgerecht.Otherwise the drawings are based on FIGS. 1 and 2 this dimension approximately true to scale.
Fig. 3 zeigt einen in den BQden eingelassenen Wurzelpfahl 40. Das untere Ende 42 weist ersichtlich einen zentralen Bereich 46 auf, der durch die beschriebene Injektion rundum von einem Injektionsbereich 48 umschlossen ist. Das untere Ende liegt in einem im wesentlichen aus Braunkohle bestehenden Boden.3 shows a root post 40 embedded in the BQden The lower end 42 can be seen to have a central region 46, which is defined by the described Injection is enclosed all around by an injection area 48. The lower end lies in a soil consisting essentially of lignite.
Nach eines gegebenen£alls wiedgrholten Beschicken der Injektionsrohre 20 mit Wasser und einem Wasser-Zement-Gemisch werden Inäektionsrohre 20 herausgezozon 1lnd die Manschettenrohre 10 mit einem Zementmörtel gefüllt.After a given period of repeated loading of the injection tubes 20 Inäektionsrohre 20 are zozoned out with water and a water-cement mixture 1lnd the sleeve pipes 10 are filled with a cement mortar.
Fig. 4 zeigt drei hintereinander angeordnete Wurzelpfähle 50 einer Wurzelpfahlwand 54, die in ihren unteren Abschnitten durch Injektionsbereiche 52 netzartig miteinander verbunden sind. Die Wurzelpfahlwand 54 begrenzt eine Grube 56. Auf der der Grube 56 zugewandten Innenseite der Wand 54 befinden sich Ankerköpfe 58, die durch Verbindungsglieder 60 mit im Boden jenseits der Grube 56 befindlichen Ankern 62 verbunden sind. Oberhalb und unterhalb oder seitlich der Ankerköpfe 58 befindden sich sogenannte Bodennägel 64, die gemäß Anspruch 11 aufgebaut und hergestellt sind. Der Außendurchmesser dieser Bodennägel beträgt beispie weise 10 cm.4 shows three root piles 50 arranged one behind the other Root pile wall 54, which in their lower sections through injection areas 52 are connected to each other like a network. The root pile wall 54 delimits a pit 56. On the inside of the wall 54 facing the pit 56 there are anchor heads 58, which are located in the ground beyond the pit 56 by connecting links 60 Anchors 62 are connected. Above and below or to the side of the anchor heads 58 there are so-called soil nails 64, which are constructed and manufactured according to claim 11 are. The outside diameter of these soil nails is, for example, 10 cm.
LeerseiteBlank page
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19823228198 DE3228198C2 (en) | 1982-07-28 | 1982-07-28 | Device for producing a cast-in-place concrete pile with a reinforcement cage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19823228198 DE3228198C2 (en) | 1982-07-28 | 1982-07-28 | Device for producing a cast-in-place concrete pile with a reinforcement cage |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3228198A1 true DE3228198A1 (en) | 1984-02-09 |
DE3228198C2 DE3228198C2 (en) | 1987-02-19 |
Family
ID=6169531
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19823228198 Expired DE3228198C2 (en) | 1982-07-28 | 1982-07-28 | Device for producing a cast-in-place concrete pile with a reinforcement cage |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE3228198C2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3410830A1 (en) * | 1984-03-23 | 1985-10-03 | Stump Bohr Gmbh, 8045 Ismaning | Method of producing construction elements in foundation soil, such as piles, anchors, trench walls or the like, and an apparatus for carrying out this method |
DE3719523A1 (en) * | 1986-06-24 | 1988-01-07 | Naegele & Co Bau | Foundation or protection element |
CN101532290B (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-01 | 河海大学 | Granule grouting pile of ripple plastic sleeve with hole for strengthening soft soil foundation and strengthening method |
GB2506298A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2014-03-26 | Geoinnovations Ltd | Ground stabilisation system |
EP2893085A2 (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2015-07-15 | Geoinnovations Limited | A ground stabilisation system, a support and a method of stabilising ground |
US10100486B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2018-10-16 | Public Joint Stock Company “Transneft” | Method for installing overhead transmission line supports on permafrost soils |
US10443207B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2019-10-15 | Public Joint Stock Company “Transneft” | Pile foundations for supporting power transmission towers |
BE1027304B1 (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-12-22 | Geotech Bvba | GROUND ANCHOR |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105544547B (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-12-15 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | A kind of cover type segmentation strengthening fill and soft soil layer device and method |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE601776C (en) * | 1930-08-28 | 1934-08-23 | Abram Rupert Neelands | Method for consolidating loose soils |
DE683407C (en) * | 1938-02-22 | 1939-11-06 | Sigurd Hiorth Dipl Ing | Procedure for the foundation of concrete piles |
DE1801892A1 (en) * | 1968-04-09 | 1970-04-23 | Josef Riepl Bau Unternehmung F | Support network and method of manufacturing support network |
DE2130765C2 (en) * | 1971-06-22 | 1975-12-04 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Device and method for producing the grouting body of a grouting anchor |
DE2015687B2 (en) * | 1970-04-02 | 1976-06-24 | Stump Bohr GmbH, 8000 München | Flushing and injection device for foundation piles - has valves for hardening agent held on borehole walls by springs |
CH590370A5 (en) * | 1975-04-01 | 1977-08-15 | Stump Bohr Ag | Foundation post prodn. process - using injection of freshly mixed concrete material under pressure into hardening on site concrete |
DE7804309U1 (en) * | 1978-02-14 | 1978-05-24 | Stump Bohr Gmbh, 8045 Ismaning | POST-INJECTION DEVICE ON AN INCLINED OR HORIZONTAL COMPONENT IN THE SOIL |
DE3118280A1 (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1982-12-02 | Leonhard Weiss KG Bauunternehmung, 7320 Göppingen | METHOD AND VALVE TUBE FOR STABILIZING SLIDING SLOPES |
DE2651023C2 (en) * | 1975-11-11 | 1983-01-13 | Fondedile S.p.A., Napoli | Method for producing an in-situ concrete pile with a foot extension and device for carrying out the method |
-
1982
- 1982-07-28 DE DE19823228198 patent/DE3228198C2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE601776C (en) * | 1930-08-28 | 1934-08-23 | Abram Rupert Neelands | Method for consolidating loose soils |
DE683407C (en) * | 1938-02-22 | 1939-11-06 | Sigurd Hiorth Dipl Ing | Procedure for the foundation of concrete piles |
DE1801892A1 (en) * | 1968-04-09 | 1970-04-23 | Josef Riepl Bau Unternehmung F | Support network and method of manufacturing support network |
DE2015687B2 (en) * | 1970-04-02 | 1976-06-24 | Stump Bohr GmbH, 8000 München | Flushing and injection device for foundation piles - has valves for hardening agent held on borehole walls by springs |
DE2130765C2 (en) * | 1971-06-22 | 1975-12-04 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Device and method for producing the grouting body of a grouting anchor |
CH590370A5 (en) * | 1975-04-01 | 1977-08-15 | Stump Bohr Ag | Foundation post prodn. process - using injection of freshly mixed concrete material under pressure into hardening on site concrete |
DE2651023C2 (en) * | 1975-11-11 | 1983-01-13 | Fondedile S.p.A., Napoli | Method for producing an in-situ concrete pile with a foot extension and device for carrying out the method |
DE7804309U1 (en) * | 1978-02-14 | 1978-05-24 | Stump Bohr Gmbh, 8045 Ismaning | POST-INJECTION DEVICE ON AN INCLINED OR HORIZONTAL COMPONENT IN THE SOIL |
DE3118280A1 (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1982-12-02 | Leonhard Weiss KG Bauunternehmung, 7320 Göppingen | METHOD AND VALVE TUBE FOR STABILIZING SLIDING SLOPES |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3410830A1 (en) * | 1984-03-23 | 1985-10-03 | Stump Bohr Gmbh, 8045 Ismaning | Method of producing construction elements in foundation soil, such as piles, anchors, trench walls or the like, and an apparatus for carrying out this method |
DE3719523A1 (en) * | 1986-06-24 | 1988-01-07 | Naegele & Co Bau | Foundation or protection element |
DE3719523C2 (en) * | 1986-06-24 | 1998-07-30 | Naegelebau Ges M B H & Co | Building with concrete contacting foundation elements serving as a heat probe |
CN101532290B (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-01 | 河海大学 | Granule grouting pile of ripple plastic sleeve with hole for strengthening soft soil foundation and strengthening method |
EP2893085A2 (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2015-07-15 | Geoinnovations Limited | A ground stabilisation system, a support and a method of stabilising ground |
EP2893085B1 (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2023-07-26 | Geoinnovations Limited | Method of stabilising a soil |
GB2506298A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2014-03-26 | Geoinnovations Ltd | Ground stabilisation system |
GB2506298B (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2014-12-17 | Geoinnovations Ltd | A ground stabilisation system, a support and a method of stabilising ground |
US10100486B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2018-10-16 | Public Joint Stock Company “Transneft” | Method for installing overhead transmission line supports on permafrost soils |
US10443207B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2019-10-15 | Public Joint Stock Company “Transneft” | Pile foundations for supporting power transmission towers |
BE1027304B1 (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-12-22 | Geotech Bvba | GROUND ANCHOR |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3228198C2 (en) | 1987-02-19 |
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