DE3214298A1 - DEVICE FOR GRINDING BLANKS OF PEANUTS - Google Patents

Description

WiLGAND NIIiAUNN
KOHLER GERNHARDT GLAESER

PAT DEVELOPED
Γυ'οροοπ Pattnt Attorneys

MUNICH TELEPHONE: OSI-Sibi 76/7

DR. E. WIEGANDt TELEGRAMS: CARPATENT

(1932-1980) -fc_ TELEXi 529068 KARP D

DR. M. KCHlER
DlPl-ING. C. GERNHARDT

HAMBURG
DIPL.-ING. ]. GLASSES

D-8000 MÖNCHEN2

DIPL.-ING. W. NIEMANN HERZOG-WILHELM-STR. 16

OF COUNSEL

April 19, 1982

V /. 44 180/82 - 13 / le

James ¥. Gardner Enterprises, Inc.
Tyrone, Pennsylvania (V.St.A.)

Device for grinding peanuts

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The invention relates generally to an apparatus for Blanching or skinning and grinding of peanuts and in particular a new and improved buff blanching device of peanuts using a pair of parallel grinding rollers.

In peanut processing, it is common practice, at least for a variety of peanut applications, that Remove the dark outer skin from the nuts after peeling the nuts. The procedure for removing the Dark skin is known as blanching, or skinning, and it can be done using a number of different Procedures and machines that are already known in the art can be performed. For example blanching or skinning using a wet process, known as water blanching or water skinning, executed xverden, whereby the nuts are soaked in water to dissolve the skins and then between a moving belt and a swaying cushion that removes the skin from the Nuts rubs. In dry skinning or dry blanching operations, a horizontally moving Tape used on which the nuts were placed. Fixed grinding or abrasion plates are arranged diagonally above and slightly above the belt so that the nuts swirl around and diagonally across rebound the tape along the face of the baffle plates as the tape is advanced lengthways. the

$ 0 Whirling and rolling effect against the grinding surfaces "causes the skin to be ablated, whereby the skinning or blanching effect is achieved. Various others Measures have been taken to reduce the blanching or

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to perform molting stage.

Although the above methods and devices are useful when blanching or skinning nuts if the nuts are not coated to be used or consumed or to be converted into peanut butter, however, was the previous one Technique not particularly successful in blanching and skinning nuts to make a honed or buffed one To give a surface finish that is a good surface for various coatings to adhere to, which can be applied to the nuts. For example, peanuts are often used as internal parts or centers used in sugar confectionery or sweets, the nuts with various substances, e.g. chocolate or the like. If the skinned nuts have a surface that is too smooth, the coating tends to peel from the nut, whereas if the surface is too rough, usually excessive Amount of nut meat removed and wasted, the surface itself being irregular. In each pail, the currently available blanching or bleeding equipment was not capable of being more effective Wise and at low cost skinned peanuts with a sanded or buffed surface, which is ideally suited to overcoating.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a new device for grinding blanching or loop skinning of peanuts to obtain skinned peanuts with a textured surface suitable for coating or coating is suitable.

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Another purpose of the invention is to provide an abrasive blanching or loop skinning machine which so is adjustable to accommodate a variety of peanuts with different physical properties, such as size, shape, skin toughness or the like to become.

Another purpose of the invention is to provide a grinding blanching or loop skinning machine of peanuts without noticeable damage to the nuts from splitting, chopping, or excessive removal of penitential meat.

The invention is through a grinding blanching machine or loop skins of peeled peanuts, polygamy a casing, smock for arranging of the housing for tilting or pivoting the housing about a pair of mutually perpendicular ones Axes to control the flow of nuts through the casing and the grinding and skinning action thereof, a pair of driven rollers, which are at a small distance from each other and parallel to each other within the Housing are arranged, with a roller offset in the lateral direction and slightly above the other V / al ze is arranged to form a longitudinal channel or channel through which the nuts are conveyed. the Rolls are covered with an abrasive material over most of their surfaces and are grounded in the same Direction rotated with the top roller rotating slightly faster than the bottom roller. The one on the top Nuts fed to the or raised end of the housing are moved along the channel against the rollers and are sanded and skinned or blanched when in

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Moved longitudinally through the housing for delivery from the lower opposite end of the housing. The angle of the housing can be increased or decreased, uia to control the speed at which the covers are moved through the device, and the housing can be tilted or pivoted about its longitudinal axis in order to adjust the angle of the channel according to the properties of the to control special nuts to be processed. ^
10

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

Pig. 1 shows a perspective view of a machine according to the invention for grinding

blanch or loop skinning peanuts.

Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of an end part of the device in which the roller assembly

is shown in the machine.

Pig. 3 shows a side view of the device.

Pig. Figure 4 is a top plan view of the machine, the

Cover is removed.

Pig. Figure 5 shows an end view of the device showing various angular positions of the housing are shown.

Pig. 6 shows a perspective view with partially removed parts, and individual

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details of the structure of the device fun.

7 shows a sectional view of an individual part les of the kiss feed part of the device.

Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of an adjustable spout.

With reference to the drawing and in particular to In Fig. 1, the reference numeral 10 generally designates an abrasive blanching device for Peanuts according to the invention. The machine is generally arranged on a floor support 12 on which a frame 1A- adjustable in its angular arrangement, which carries a housing 15 through which the peanuts from right end to left end as shown in Fig. 1, is attached. The carrier 12 is typical a generally rectangular component mounted horizontally on some type of solid support is and can be in a row with other, similar machines for mass production of peanuts be arranged. The bracket 12 is pivoted with a bearing 16 at its front or left end equipped to receive the front end of a shaft 18 that extends through the housing frame 14- in Extends longitudinally and along its center line.

The rear or right end of the shaft 18 extends to the rear of the frame 14 and is with the help a bearing 20 rotatably supported, which in the middle

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a transverse storage room 22 is arranged. That

Swing loader 16 permitted at the front end of the device a pivoting or tilting of the frame 14 and the housing 15 about two mutually perpendicular axes, wherein one axis is the longitudinal axis which extends along the center line of the shaft 18, and the other Axis in a vertical plane through the bearing 16 and a raising or lowering of the frame and the Housing allowed at the rear end thereof.

The means for raising and lowering the rear part of the device to partially avoid the flow or Controlling the amount of flow of nuts through the machine includes vertically mounted lead screws 24 (and 26) on the rear end of the unit and threaded drive nuts 26 on each side of the Storage room 22. The lead screws are at their lower ends by suitable bearings in the carrier 12 rotatably carried. A crank handle 28 is at the top Attached to the end of each of the lead screws, with which the rear part of the Unit can be raised or lowered as required.

The angle of inclination of the housing about the axis of the shaft 18 is determined by means of a pair of guide screws 30, of which one on each side of the device is controlled. Each guide screw JO is on their lower end on a suitable bearing block 32 rotatably supported, while the upper part by means of thread in engagement with a driver aub e 3 ^, \ ^ elche on the Frame 14 is attached by means of a bracket 38, is. A crank handle 40 is at the top of the lead screw intended. After once the appropriate back

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Increase of the housing with the help of the I ⁷ UhJ? ungs screws is set 24, the angle of inclination is determined by handling the guide screws 30. Obviously, a variety of other mechanisms can be used for raising and lowering the rear of the housing and for adjusting the angle of inclination. Cams and rack and pinion gears, pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders or the like can be used in an advantageous manner.

The housing 15 in the embodiment shown is in generally rectangular and preferably made from a sheet of stainless steel or the like. The one shown The machine is equipped with two grinding blanching or loop skinning channels and in the size below., 4-54 kg (1000 pounds) per hour of red peanuts To process skin per canal. The device shown comprises in each channel of two parallel rolls a lower roll 4-2 and an upper roll 44-, typically about 15.24 cm (6 ") in diameter and about 91.4 cm (36") long · These dimensions can be varied to increase or decrease the capacity of the device.

Since each channel is essentially identical, only one will be discussed in detail below. the Rollers 4-2 and 4-4- are preferably hollow and made of one stainless steel cylindrical metal pipe or the like manufactured and each fastened on a central axis 46, 4-8 with the aid of end caps 50, 52. The axes for each of the rollers 4-2, 44 are mounted in bearings which are supported by the housing end walls 54 and 56. Every

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the end walls is as in Pig. 2 shown, not with Schlitaffnunren 58 and 60, in which the journal bearings 62 and 64 for the rollers are attached. The Shiita 58 for the lower roller 42 is aligned vertically while the slot 60 for the upper roller 44 is located above and to the side of the slot 58 (48) and below is aligned at an angle of 45 to this.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the rollers are closely spaced parallel to one another and are staggered Arrangement arranged to one another with a small space formed therebetween. The upper Roller 44 is located to the side of and partially above the lower roller 42, and in practice the should upper roller are present at an angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to the lower roller. The Schlitzoffungen 58 and 60 allow the position of the rollers to be adjusted with respect to one another. Assuming a pair of Rolls about 15.24 cm (6 ") in diameter would be the slots 58 and 16, 60 approximately at a distance from one another from about 15? 24 cm (6 ") - I> ie setting capacity for the roller is primarily intended to provide a suitable gap adjustment between the two rollers and, secondly, to allow the space to be corrected if the diameter of the Rolling changes due to wear and tear and subsequent rebuilding. Both rollers come with an abrasive gravel or abrasive grit 66 covering most of their surfaces. However the left ends are

$ 0 as shown in Fig. 6 showing the feed ends of the Represent device, uncoated so that the end portions 68 are free of any abrasive or abrasive material for reasons which are explained below,

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"bon. The length of the uncoated portions 68 is preferably 10.16 cm (4"), wherein the coating provides the time zen 66 eiiie AuBendurdimesser increase in the remaining part. The abrasive or abrasive coating is typically made up of perhaps three or four successive layers of a suitable binder, eg urethane, and a suitable abrasive grit or grit, eg alumina, which has been applied thereto by dusting. A gravel or grit size on the order of 46 to 60 showed satisfactory effectiveness. Over time, the original grit coating will wear away, reducing the outside diameter of the rollers and requiring adjustment of the position of the rollers in order to maintain a suitable gap between the two rollers. When the abrasive coating is worn or worn to the extent that the desired grinding and peeling effect is not obtained, the rollers are removed and recoated to restore the desired abrasive coating. In so far as this increases the outer diameter of the two rollers, their positions must be readjusted or fixed in order to maintain the appropriate gap between the rollers.

The two rollers 42 and 44 in the staggered arrangement, as in 3Pig. 2, form a generally V-shaped channel or trough 70, one or more of the two Rollers as well as a pair of vertical guide plates

JO 72 and 74 is limited, through this channel the peanuts 75 flow. The baffles or baffles 72 and 74 hang on horizontal bars or struts 76 ¹ ^ d extend down from the upper part of the unit

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to a point almost in contact with the rollers is present. The longer, outer baffle or guide plate 72 ends at its lower end near the outside of the lower one Roller 42, while the shorter guide or baffle plate 74- ends near the inside of the upper roller 44.

Within the channel 70 defined by the two rollers and the baffles, the peanuts move and succumb a friction and peeling action exerted by the rotation of rollers 4-2 and 44, both rollers rotating in the same direction but at different speeds. In the In practice, the lower roller 42 rotates at about 450 TJ / min, while the top roller 44 rotates at about 550 RPM.

This effect causes the nuts, which essentially fill the channel 70, to move in a clockwise direction opposite pattern flow so that all the nuts within the channel make their way into contact with the Work through sanding rollers and then move out of that contact, so that of any given It must be followed usual path within the channel more or less helical or helical while the nut moves along the channel. After the case itself is tilted in the downward direction, this is done Flow or stream of the nuts in a forward direction from the infeed end to the discharge end.

The baffle or baffle plates 72 and 74 can be attached to the rollers 42 and 44 are moved towards or away from these, where this movement with the aid of adjusting nuts 78, which on the spars or struts 76, which the baffles wear, are screwed on, takes place. Around the lower edges of the baffle or guide plates 72 and 74 in

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ster cows to keep the surfaces of the rollers, can the guide or baffle plates are moved back and forth along the spars or struts for periodic adjustments be to the wear and tear or rebuilding of the coated Compensate roller surface.

The speed at which the nuts flow or flow through the blanching or skinning device, is not only controlled by the incline of the housing, but also by a wing or a scoop 80 which is mounted centrally in a discharge opening 82 formed in the end wall 5 ^, through which the nuts pass after flowing through the channel. The wing or vane 80 is vertical attached and can be rotated about his or her vertical axis to a fully open position in which the plane of the wing is parallel to the axes of the rollers, pivoting, creating a maximum opening for essentially unrestricted flow of nuts is made possible by the apparatus. The wing or the blade can also be in different locking positions rotated, reducing or reducing the opening. This is done through actuation a lock nut 84- which is in engagement with the upper end of the wing hinge. To this Way can by controlling the angle adjustment of the The flow of nuts can be regulated by the machine. From the opening 82 the nuts are on a Chute 86 dispensed for delivery to a conveyor belt, hopper, or the like.

The nuts are placed in the blanching or skinning device at the loading end through a manifold

in the form of an inverted Y, with which a blanching or skinning canal is connected during a Hittellial part 90 with a feed device of non-skinned peanuts is supplied. The nuts flow down the neck portion 90, which is in two paths separate, and become in the two separate channels at locations immediately above the uncoated Portions 68 of the two rollers of each channel inserted. It has been found that when the rollers of are completely coated one end to the other end entering the blanching or skinning device would experience a very strong impact or bounce effect, creating an unacceptably high percentage takes place in splitting or chopping the peanuts. By providing a non-exaggerated Section on the rollers immediately at the loading end the device essentially eliminates the impact or hitting of the entering nuts, and the nuts \\> ground smoothly and evenly in and guided through the machine.

The manifold 80 includes two telescopic loading ports 92 and 94- which can be raised or lowered to to control the extent of the loading of nuts into the device, with the openings in one position with the help can be set by locking screws, polygons connected to and engaged with the manifold port with a vertically slotted splash 96 on each Opening stand to allow adjustment of each of the openings at any given height.

To control the plus of the nuts and to completely shut off the nut flow to either or both

Channels equalized rough to it, are input ports 98 mounted on the sliding surfaces 100 which each extend outwardly \ ^r on each leg of the manifold. Each inlet port can be moved inward and outward from a slot formed in the wall of each manifold surface and can extend completely across the port if necessary to completely shut off the flow of nuts, or the inlet port can be in any Position from fully closed to fully open state can be determined with the aid of the locking nuts 102.

The rollers are driven by a motor 104- which is on the rear end of the machine on the frame 14- attached is driven. The motor is drivingly connected to the rollers via a belt drive system in such a way that that enables the drive of all four rollers in a grinding machine with two channels by a motor with the top rollers being driven at a greater speed than the bottom rollers.

By performing various settings on the machine, you can have very precise control over the grinding and skinning effect for each special one Type of peanuts to be processed. The degree of skinning and grinding is in first and foremost by adjusting the discharge shovel resp. of the delivery vane 80 is reached. By partially closing the wing or the shovel, the covers are inside of the channel is held for a longer period of time than when the wing or vane is fully open Position present, creating a greater extent or

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greater blanching and skinning effect is achieved. The increase in the rear of the machine also affects the degree of moisture with which the nuts flow through the machine, and by raising or lowering the rear end of the machine the forward current can be increased or decreased, causing a corresponding increase or decrease in the Dwell time of the peanuts in the blanching or skinning rollers is achieved. The flow of nuts in the The machine is regulated by the position of the openings and the input openings described above. Pure Peanuts difficult to blanch will reduce the degree of slope, while for those peanuts that Can be blanched effortlessly, the degree of inclination is increased.

The angle of inclination of the blanching or skinning device around the shaft 18 regulates the meshing amount of the blanching or skinning rollers on the peanuts For example, tilting the machine to the left in Fig. 2 reduces the engagement while by the inclination to the right side of the engagement is increased.

The housing is equipped with a pivoting cover 106, which enables the inspection, cleaning and repair of the upper part of the unit.

Although the invention with reference to a specific embodiment any modifications, as known to those skilled in the art, can be made.

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Claims (12)

- ":" - "" ■■ * ■ .. ··. ::. 32H298 WiFGAND KICMANN KOHlIR GER-NHARDT GLAHSER PAT ENTAKWSLTE Fu'optiin P1-SchHl / -Ucr-eys MÖNCHEN. TElEf-ON: 035-5554 76/7 dr. e. witgandt telegramme: karpatent (1932 15601 telex! 529068 karp d dr. m. köhler d: pl-ing. c. gernhardt HAMBURG DiPL-ING.]. GLAESER.. ._ D-8000 MÖNCHEN 2 DlPL-ING. W. NiEMANN HERZOG-WILHELM-STR, 16 OF COUNSEL 19. ΑόγϊΙ 1982 W. 44 180/82 - 13 / le patent claims 1. Device for abrasive blanching or skinning of peeled peanuts and the like, thereby marked 5 draws that she a) an elongated housing (15), b) a pair of rollers (4-2, 44) which are closely spaced each other in a coextensive, parallel arrangement within of said housing are rotatably mounted, c) v / obei at least a portion of the cylindrical outer surfaces the rollers can perform a grinding or abrasion function, d) power devices (104), which increase with the rollers. Turning the rollers are connected in the same direction, and e) Means for attaching the housing (15) in an angled position to in at least two mutually perpendicular axes, whereby the peeling or scraping action for the peanuts flowing through this housing can be selectively regulated,
includes. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it has at least one elongated baffle or guide plate (72, 74) which is attached to the housing in the operative position of each of the said rollers so as to around a channel parallel to the rollers for directing a stream of peanuts through the housing of one end of the rollers to define the other end. $. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the rollers are in an offset position relative to one another are mounted, with one roller (44) with respect to the other roller (42) positioned sideways and above them is. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that that the roller (44) is rotated at a greater speed than the roller (42). 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening devices have a pivoting device for supporting the housing for angular adjustment about a first axis parallel to the axes of said rollers and second pivot means for supporting the housing for angular adjustment about a second axis perpendicular to said first axis and in an im general horizontal plane includes. 6. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that that each of the baffles is adjustable to permit movement towards and away from the rollers. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a loading control device, which on the 32U298 Feed end of the housing to control the flow the peanuts are mounted in the housing. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7 _5, characterized in that the regulator means comprises an adjustable opening which can be moved towards and away from said rollers and is connected to a line for the supply of peanuts into the housing. 9 · Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the end of each roller at the feed end of the Device is smooth, whereas the remaining surface of the rollers has a friction surface. 10. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that that a regulating or control device is provided on said rollers for their mutual movement is. 11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a flow or flow regulator device at the delivery end provided by the housing for controlling the flow of peanuts out of the housing. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the flow or flow control device is a adjustable vane or vane is provided via an opening at the dispensing end of the housing is.