DE3204835A1 - Light mining mortar - Google Patents

Light mining mortar

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Publication number
DE3204835A1
DE3204835A1 DE19823204835 DE3204835A DE3204835A1 DE 3204835 A1 DE3204835 A1 DE 3204835A1 DE 19823204835 DE19823204835 DE 19823204835 DE 3204835 A DE3204835 A DE 3204835A DE 3204835 A1 DE3204835 A1 DE 3204835A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
weight
cement
solids content
mortar
mining mortar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19823204835
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3204835C2 (en
Inventor
Hans 5603 Wülfrath Kohlmeier
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Schweden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WUELFRATHER ZEMENT GmbH
Original Assignee
WUELFRATHER ZEMENT GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WUELFRATHER ZEMENT GmbH filed Critical WUELFRATHER ZEMENT GmbH
Priority to DE3204835A priority Critical patent/DE3204835C2/en
Publication of DE3204835A1 publication Critical patent/DE3204835A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3204835C2 publication Critical patent/DE3204835C2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
    • C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The pumpable and sprayable, quick-setting light mining mortar having a low loading factor and a low value of water-soluble solids contains, as the solids fraction, 45 to 58% by weight of cement, 40 to 50% by weight of bituminous coal fly ash and small quantities of alkali and air void former, preferably 0.5 to 1% by weight of soda and 0.3 to 1.5% by weight of an air void former. In place of the corresponding quantity of cement, 0.5 to 10% by weight of fused alumina cement and, if appropriate, additionally 1 to 3% by weight of perlite can be used.

Description

Bergbauleichtmörtel. Lightweight mining mortar.

Die Erfindung betrifft einen pump- und spritzfähigen, schnellbindenden Bergbauleichtmörtel mit niedrigen Fülfaktoren (t/m3) und niedriyen Wasserfeststoffwerten, enthaltend Zement als Bindemittel und Flugasche als Zusatzstoff.The invention relates to a pumpable and sprayable, quick-setting one Mining light mortar with low fill factors (t / m3) and low water solids values, Containing cement as a binding agent and fly ash as an additive.

Im Untertagebetrieb werden Mörtel in grösserem Umfang insbesondere zum Hinterfüilen von Streckenausbauten eingesetzt. Wegen der Transportprobleme eignen sich hierfür nicht die im Hochbau üblichen Mörtel und Betonmischungen, auch verlangen die besonderen Bauverhältnisse im Untertagebetrieb ein schnelles Abbinden der Mörtelmasse mit dennoch ausreichender Druckfestigkeit.In underground operations, mortars are used to a large extent in particular used to back-fill route extensions. Suitable because of the transport problems Do not even ask for the mortars and concrete mixes customary in building construction The special construction conditions in underground operations allow the mortar to set quickly with sufficient compressive strength.

übliche Mörtelmassen, die im Bergbau verwendet werden, sind Anhydrit und Zementmörtel. Aus Gründen des Transports und des Gewichtes der Mörtelmasse ist man zum Teil dazu übergegangen, ein Gemisch aus Zement und Steinkohlenflugasche, die. sehr leicht ist und dem fertigen Mörtel ein hohes Volumen verleiht, einzusetzen. Dennoch hat sich gezeigt, dass die bisher bekannten Mörtel immer noch zu hohe Füllfaktoren und Wasserfeststoffwerte aufweisen bei zu langer Abbindezeit.Common mortars used in mining are anhydrite and cement mortar. For reasons of transport and the weight of the mortar mass is in some cases, a mixture of cement and hard coal fly ash was used, the. is very easy to use and gives the finished mortar a high volume. Nevertheless, it has been shown that the previously known mortars still have too high fill factors and show water solids values if the setting time is too long.

Es bestand daher die Aufgabe, einen Mörtel zu entwickeln, der auf die besonderen Anforderungen des Untertayebaus zugeschnitten ist, insbesondere niedrige Füllfaktoren von 1,o und weniger, geringe Wasserfeststoffwerte, möglichst unter o,4 aufweist und dabei schnell abbindet, jedoch in abgebundenem Zustand ausreichende Druckfestigkeiten aufweist.The task was therefore to develop a mortar that on is tailored to the special requirements of underground construction, especially low ones Fill factors of 1.0 and less, low water solids values, if possible below o, 4 and sets quickly, but sufficient in the set state Has compressive strengths.

Es wurde gefunden, dass diese Aufgabe lösbar ist mit einem Mörtel, dessen Feststoffanteil 45 bis 58 Gew.% Zement, 40 bis 50 Gew.% Steinkohlenflugasche sowie geringe Mengen Alkali und Luftporenbildner enthält.It was found that this task can be solved with a mortar, its solids content 45 to 58% by weight cement, 40 to 50% by weight hard coal fly ash as well as small amounts of alkali and air entraining agents.

Erfindungsgemäss ist es vorteilhaft, dass der Feststoffanteil o,5 bis lo Gew.% Tonerdeschmelzzement anstelle der entsprechenden Menge Zement enthält.According to the invention, it is advantageous that the solids content o.5 Contains up to lo% by weight of high-alumina cement instead of the corresponding amount of cement.

Weiterhin bestehen vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung darin, dass der Feststoffanteil o,3 bis 1,5 Gew.% eines Luftporenb,ildners enthält, dass der Feststoffanteil 1 bis 3 Gew.% Perlit enthält, ferner, dass der Feststoffanteil o,5 bis 1 Gew.% Soda enthält.Furthermore, advantageous embodiments of the invention consist in that the solids content 0.3 to 1.5 wt.% of an air entrainer contains that the solids content contains 1 to 3% by weight perlite, furthermore that the solids content 0.5 to 1% by weight of soda.

Für den Füllfaktor ist in erster Linie der Luftporenbildner massgebend, er wird jedoch auch nachhaltig beeinflusst durch die Mischintensität bei der Mörtelmischung, ferner durch die Mischzeit In ähnlicher Weise haben die vorgenannten Faktoren Einfluss auf den Wasserfeststoffwert, der mit der Erhöhung des Zusatzes an Luftporenbildner ebenfalls absinkt. Der Abbindebeginn ist abhängig von der Wahl des Zementes. Er wird verkürzt durch steigende Mengen an Tonerdschmelzzernent und durch Zusatz von Alkalien, insbesondere Soda, welches als Abbindebeschleuniger dient. Die Druckfestigkeit schliesslich ist vom Zementgehalt der Mörtelmischung abhängig. Sie sinkt naturgemäss bei niedrigem Füllfaktor entsprechend ab.The air-entraining agent is primarily decisive for the fill factor, However, it is also sustainably influenced by the mixing intensity when mixing the mortar, also through the mixing time. The aforementioned factors have a similar influence on the water solids value that increases with the addition of air entraining agents also sinks. The start of setting depends on the choice of cement. He is shortened by increasing amounts of alumina core and by adding Alkalis, especially soda, which serves as a setting accelerator. The compressive strength finally depends on the cement content of the mortar mixture. It naturally sinks with a low fill factor.

Die nachfolgende Tabelle mit verschiedenen Rezepturen zeigt auf, welche Werte für den Füllfaktor, den Wasserfeststoffwert, die Abbindezeit und die Druckfestigkeit bei verschiedenen Rezepturen gemäss der Erfindung erreichbar sind.The following table with different recipes shows which Values for the fill factor, the water solids value, the setting time and the compressive strength can be achieved with different recipes according to the invention.

Tabelle. Tabel.

Rezepturen: (Gew.%) I II III Zement 49,5 - 40 58 - 40 58 - 35 Steinkohlenflugasche 48,5 40 - 46,5 40 - 50 Tonerdeschmelzzement °,5 - lo °,5 - lo o,5- lo Soda o,5 - 1 o,5 - 1 o,5 - 1 Luftporenbildner o,3 - 1,5 o,3 - 1,5 o,3 - 1,5 Perlit o 1 - 3 o Leichtzuschläge, z.B. Blähton, können lo - 4o Gew.% der Steinkohlenflugasche substituieren.Recipes: (% by weight) I II III cement 49.5 - 40 58 - 40 58 - 35 hard coal fly ash 48.5 40 - 46.5 40 - 50 Alumina cement °, 5 - lo °, 5 - lo o, 5- lo soda o, 5 - 1 o, 5 - 1 o, 5 - 1 air entraining agent o, 3 - 1.5 o, 3 - 1.5 o, 3 - 1.5 pearlite o 1 - 3 o Light aggregates, e.g. expanded clay, can substitute lo - 40% by weight of the hard coal fly ash.

Erforderliche Mischer: für kurze Mischzeit ( 1 Min) - Spezial- SpezialfUr normale Mischzeit ( 1 - 3 Min) Spezial- Zwang- Zwang fUr lange Mischzeit ( 3 Min) Zwang Freifall- Freifall Füllfaktor o,6 - 1,o o,6 - 1,o o,6 - 1,o Wasserfeststoffwert o,3 - o,4 o,3 - o,4 o,3 - o,4 Abbindebeginn > 1 h<3h > 1 h <3h >1h <3h Abbindeende > 2 h <4h > 2h <4h > 2h <4h Druckfestigkeit N/mm2: 5 Ii o,1 - o,8 o,1 - o,8 0,1 - 1,2 24 h 1,o - 3,o 1,o - 3,o 1,o - 4,o 28 d 7,o - 12,o 7,o - 12,o 7,o - 15,o Der Spezialmischer arbeitet nach dem dreidimensionalen Mischprinzip durch horizontale und vertikale Umschichtung des Mischgutes. In drei übereinanderliegenden Ebenen werden bei stillstehendem Mischteller Mischwerkzeuge gegenläufig über ein zentrales Getriebe in Bewegung gesetzt.Required mixer: for a short mixing time (1 min) - Spezial- SpezialfUr normal mixing time (1 - 3 min) special compulsory compulsory for long mixing time (3 min) Forced free fall - free fall fill factor o, 6 - 1, o o, 6 - 1, o o, 6 - 1, o water solids value o, 3 - o, 4 o, 3 - o, 4 o, 3 - o, 4 Start of setting> 1 h <3h> 1 h <3h> 1h <3h end of setting> 2h <4h> 2h <4h> 2h <4h compressive strength N / mm2: 5 Ii o, 1 - o, 8 o, 1 - o, 8 0.1 - 1.2 24 h 1, o - 3, o 1, o - 3, o 1, o - 4, o 28 d 7, o - 12, o 7, o - 12, o 7, o - 15, o The special mixer works afterwards the three-dimensional mixing principle through horizontal and vertical rearrangement of the mix. In three superimposed levels with the mixing plate stationary Mixing tools set in motion in opposite directions via a central gear unit.

Der Zwangsmischer arbeitet mit im Uhrzeigersinn drehenden Mischteller und gegenläufig oder im Querstrom rotierenden Mischwerkzeugen. Er kann auch als sogenannter Pflugscharmischer ausgestattet sein, bei welchem in einem liegenden zylindrischen Behälter pflugscharähnliche Mischwerkzeuge rotieren, die auf einer horizontalen Welle versetzt angeordnet sind.The compulsory mixer works with a clockwise rotating mixing plate and mixing tools rotating in opposite directions or in cross flow. It can also be used as a so-called ploughshare mixer, in which in a lying cylindrical container, ploughshare-like mixing tools rotate on a horizontal shaft are arranged offset.

Der sogenannte Freifallmischer entspricht in Aufbau und Wirkungsweise weitgehend einem üblichen Betonmischer.The so-called free-fall mixer corresponds in structure and mode of operation largely a conventional cement mixer.

Die fertig gemischten Mischungen wurden mit Pumpen durch Schläuche hinter vorbereitete Schalungen gepumpt. Das Material kann auch verspritzt werden.The ready-mixed mixtures were pumped through tubing pumped behind prepared formwork. The material can also be sprayed.

Die Prüfungen der Frisch- und der Festmörtel wurden nach den Prüfbestimmungen für Werktrockenmörtel DIN 18 557 E durchgeführt.The tests of the fresh mortar and the solid mortar were carried out according to the test provisions for factory dry mortar DIN 18 557 E.

Claims (5)

Patentansprüche. Claims. 1'. Pump- und spritzfähiger, schnellbindender Bergbauleichtmörtel mit niedrigen Füllfaktoren (t/m3) und niedrigen Wasserfeststoffwerten, enthaltend Zement als Bindemittel und Flugasche als Zusatzstoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Feststoffanteil des Mörtels 45 bis 58 Gew.% Zement, 40 bis 50 Gew.% Steinkohlenflugasche sowie geringe Mengen Alkali und Luftporenbildner enthält.1'. Pumpable and sprayable, quick-setting mining mortar with low fill factors (t / m3) and low water solids values, containing Cement as a binder and fly ash as an additive, characterized in that the solids content of the mortar 45 to 58% by weight cement, 40 to 50% by weight hard coal fly ash as well as small amounts of alkali and air entraining agents. 2. Bergbauleichtmörtel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Feststoffanteil o,5 bis lo Gew.% Tonerdeschmelzzement anstelle der entsprechenden Menge Zement enthält.2. Lightweight mining mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that the solids content 0.5 to 10 wt.% Alumina cement instead of the corresponding Contains amount of cement. 3. Bergbaumörtel nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Feststoffanteil o,3 bis 1,5 Gew.% eines Luftporenbildners enthält.3. mining mortar according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the solids content contains 0.3 to 1.5% by weight of an air-entraining agent. 4. Bergbaumörtel nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Feststoffanteil 1 bis 3 Gew.% Perlit enthält.4. mining mortar according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the solids content contains 1 to 3 wt.% Perlite. 5. Bergbaumörtel nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Feststoffanteil o,5 bis 1 Gew.% Soda enthält.5. mining mortar according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the solids content contains 0.5 to 1% by weight of soda.
DE3204835A 1982-02-11 1982-02-11 Lightweight mining mortar Expired DE3204835C2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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DE3204835A1 true DE3204835A1 (en) 1983-08-18
DE3204835C2 DE3204835C2 (en) 1986-04-24

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3415782A1 (en) * 1983-05-05 1984-11-08 Coal Industry (Patents) Ltd., London METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING AIR-CONTAINING CEMENT-LIKE COMPOUNDS
DE4127684C1 (en) * 1991-08-21 1993-01-14 Ruf, Albert, 8560 Lauf, De Additive facilitating use of plaster used on old buildings or monuments - comprises starch sugar, naphthalene- or melamine- formaldehyde] condensate, casein, dextrin, fruit acids, stabiliser, boric acid or borax, soda and/or sodium bi:carbonate
WO1997045379A1 (en) * 1996-05-24 1997-12-04 Sungeric International Inc. Systematic method for making shotcrete and the like cementitious compositions and such compositions
CH707184A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-15 Kapyfract Tunnel wall coating for refurbishment of tunnel wall of traffic tunnel, has drainage layer consisting of surface-active mortar, which is sealed in tunnel interior side with solid, water-tight impregnation layer

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4205354C2 (en) * 1992-02-21 1994-01-27 Anneliese Zementwerke Ag Dry mix for the production of hydromechanically conveyable building material suspensions and their use

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4256500A (en) * 1978-04-24 1981-03-17 The Partners Limited Pozzolan cement compositions

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4256500A (en) * 1978-04-24 1981-03-17 The Partners Limited Pozzolan cement compositions

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Czernin, W.: Zementchemie für Bauingenieure, 1977, 165 *
Silikattechnik, 1958, 453 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3415782A1 (en) * 1983-05-05 1984-11-08 Coal Industry (Patents) Ltd., London METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING AIR-CONTAINING CEMENT-LIKE COMPOUNDS
DE4127684C1 (en) * 1991-08-21 1993-01-14 Ruf, Albert, 8560 Lauf, De Additive facilitating use of plaster used on old buildings or monuments - comprises starch sugar, naphthalene- or melamine- formaldehyde] condensate, casein, dextrin, fruit acids, stabiliser, boric acid or borax, soda and/or sodium bi:carbonate
WO1997045379A1 (en) * 1996-05-24 1997-12-04 Sungeric International Inc. Systematic method for making shotcrete and the like cementitious compositions and such compositions
CH707184A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-15 Kapyfract Tunnel wall coating for refurbishment of tunnel wall of traffic tunnel, has drainage layer consisting of surface-active mortar, which is sealed in tunnel interior side with solid, water-tight impregnation layer

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Publication number Publication date
DE3204835C2 (en) 1986-04-24

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