DE3137265A1 - Process for producing a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts - Google Patents

Abstract

The top layer of a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, is produced substantially from brick-dust, mineral material and tile adhesive. For production, these components are mixed with one another in the dry state, and the dry particle mixture formed is applied to a prepared substructure. There, the particle mixture is levelled and compacted. It is subsequently sprayed with water in order to moisten the compacted layer evenly throughout. The strength of the covering, its sliding properties and its softness can be set within broad ranges by corresponding selection of the proportions of the components and of the thickness of the top layer.

Description

Process for the production of a covering for sports facilities, in particular

special tennis courts Description: The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.

The German patent application P 31 11 128.9 of March 20, 1981 claimed a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, and its production. The top layer of that covering is made up of a setting mass of essentially Brick powder, mineral material and inorganic binder formed. Those Setting mass is a dough-like, aqueous slurry that acts as a binder a tile adhesive, namely a hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar according to DIN 18 156 contains. According to the method of manufacturing that covering is on a prepared substructure with a substantially flat surface a dough-like Slurry of tile adhesive, brick dust, mineral material, preferably Quartz sand; applied in water.

The invention according to that patent application P 31 11 128.9 is also possible to the inventor named for the present application. With the reference on application P 31 11 128.9, its content is also intended to be part of the present Registration documents are made, as far as this is for understanding and further Explanation of the present invention is required.

According to that older proposal, the lining components are in shape an aqueous slurry applied to the prepared substructure and bind from there. The finished slurry is said to have a mushy consistency with relatively have a low water content, so that after setting, good water permeability of the covering is guaranteed. The preparation of a usable slurry prepares some difficulties due to the contact of the tile adhesive with damp brick dust Lumping can occur (and the high viscosity of the slurry that forms requires high gravity in order to achieve an even distribution of all components achieve. When transporting the ready-made aqueous slurry on the prepared substructure there is a risk that the previously leveled substructure surface becomes uneven due to wheel impressions or the like. After it has set, it points out of the watery Slurry formed coating has a smooth, dense surface, comparable to the Surface of hardened concrete before the surface was used as a tennis court or the like. Must be mechanically roughened in a separate operation.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method specify for the production of a surface for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, which coating has the advantages set out in German patent application P 31 11 128.9 has, in the production, however, with the preparation and application of a to avoid disadvantages associated with aqueous slurry of the covering components. In particular, the application on the prepared substructure should facilitate the Increased water permeability of the finished covering and / or mechanical roughening the surface of the set covering can be avoided.

Based on a process for the production of a surface for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, in which process on a prepared substructure Brick powder, mineral material and tile adhesives, namely hydraulically hardening ones Thin-bed mortar are applied in accordance with DIN 18 156, the inventive Solution of the above problem in that a) brick dust, mineral material and this tile adhesive in the form of a dry-mixed particle mixture applied to the substructure; b) the dry particle mixture leveled there and is condensed; and c) spraying the compacted particle mixture with water to evenly moisten the particle mixture layer.

Relate to advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention the selection of the tile adhesive, the mineral material, the composition of the dry-mixed particle mixture, the sequence of addition of the components in the preparation of the particle mixture, the application of the particle mixture the substructure surface and the preferably repeated spraying of the compacted Particle mixture with quite fine water droplets, like that in the subclaims is specified.

According to the method according to the invention, a surface for sports facilities is thus in particular tennis courts that have a brick flour-containing top layer on one mostly has the usual substructure, for example on a substructure with the typical Layer sequence of a floor area in accordance with DIN 18 035 sheet 5; in such a case is the dry-premixed particle mixture on the dynamic layer of a applied to such a substructure to form the floor covering.

In addition to brick dust, the covering must have hard, preferably rounded, particles made of an inert material such as quartz sand particles. Another, A particularly important difference to conventional brick dust cover layers is this to see that a "bonded" coating is obtained by the method according to the invention tile adhesive serves as a special and additional binding agent. Surprisingly has been shown that when working according to the method of the invention, the formation a hard, screed or concrete-like cover layer is avoided, and instead after the targeted addition of water from the dry-mixed and compacted particle mixture after carrying out the setting reaction a loosely bound mass is obtained.

Participate in the setting process caused by the tile adhesive apparently also the clay minerals of the brick dust.

According to the method according to the invention, on the one hand increase the strength of the brick dust layer considerably, so that it is more durable is obtained; on the other hand, by carefully selecting the proportions of the covering components the value of the slip behavior, for example determined as static or sliding friction adjusted over a wide range on the surface of the pavement under certain loads will. In particular, the slip behavior can largely be reduced despite the increased strength the known brick dust top layer can be obtained. In addition, the slip behavior to specific values for specific requirements can be set. Finally, given the composition of the outer layer, its softness can be reduced Selection of certain layer thicknesses can be influenced.

The method according to the invention results in a top layer of extraordinary high durability, so that it is practical even after playing tennis for several hours no care and / or maintenance work is required. The top layer proves proven to be frost-proof, so that it can also be used with a winter-proof substructure no special renovation work is required after the winter break.

The coating produced according to the invention proves to be waterproof and is permeable to water to the required extent; d.

H. After a rainfall, excess amounts of water are quickly, i.e. within a few minutes, fed through the porous cover layer to the substructure and derived from this. Even with significant, long-term drought, they come off the surface cover layer particles do not peel off, so that no significant dust formation occurs. The covering produced according to the invention thus allows without additional Measures such as the well-known peeling, rolling and / or watering are largely independent of the weather Playability. Since the formation of dust is considerably reduced, according to the invention The surface produced can also be used as flooring in tennis halls and the like.

Finally, the covering produced according to the invention can be particularly Touch up slightly, as the dry premixed simply re-mixed on worn out areas Particle mixture is applied and then carefully sprayed with water. The newly applied material also binds in a very thin layer without additional Measures safely with the existing covering material.

The method according to the invention is described in detail below the creation of a top layer for tennis courts explained. As essential components Brick powder, tile adhesive and quartz sand are used to create such a top layer.

The well-known, commercially available product is used as brick flour, which is widely used to form the top layer on known tennis courts will. It is preferable to use brick flour with a grain size of 0/3, i.e. a material whose mean particle size should not significantly exceed 3 mm.

Tile adhesive is also a well-known commercial product represented by experts as a hydraulically setting thin-bed mortar (see DIN 18 156, parts 1 and 2).

Such hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortars are powdery mixtures from hydraulic binders, mineral aggregates (mostly 0.5 mm grain size) and organic additives. Preferably under this Invention such tile adhesive used, which the conditions for thin-bed mortar Meet DIN 18 156-M (see DIN 18 156, Part 2). Deviating from the usual processing of tile adhesive is in the present case the dry tile adhesive powder with further solids carefully mixed, and the resulting mixture evenly moistened with water.

The composition of such tile adhesives is known. For example German Patent 1,158,430 discloses the use of a mortar which dry 24.8 to 89.9 wt% portland cement, 0.2 to 6.5 wt% methyl cellulose a viscosity between 10 and 7000 cP, measured in a 2% aqueous solution, and contains about 10 to 75% aggregates such as sand or ground limestone and that about 10 to 40% water can be added for use, so that the viscosity of the The water phase of the mixture is at least 500 cP, for laying tiles and Tiles, with the area to be tiled covered with a layer of mortar and the tiles be pressed dry into this. There, as well as in U.S. Patent 2,934,932 are a number of exemplary tile adhesive compositions useful for the present purpose specified.

A laying mortar is known from German patent specification 1 646 493, that in addition to cement and graded sand 0.1 to 1.5 wt .-% methyl cellulose and 1.0 up to 10% by weight of a copolymer of 20 to 80% by weight vinyl chloride and 80 contains up to 20% by weight of vinyl propionate. This installation mortar can also be used Contain 5 to 25% by weight of trass. Further describes the German Auslegeschrift 2 146 709 the use of a mortar mixture for laying tiles and tiles in the thin bed process, consisting of 25 to 85 wt .-% cement, 0.05 to 0.15% by weight of methyl cellulose with a viscosity of 1000 to 3000 cP, measured in a 2% strength aqueous solution, 1.5 to 6% by weight melamine-formaldehyde condensation products containing sulfonic acid groups a viscosity of 40 to 500 cP, measured in a 20% aqueous solution, 0.02 up to 0.1% by weight of water-soluble, nonionic polyacrylamide, based in each case on the total weight of the dry mix, remainder sand and / or ground limestone. This mortar mixture can also contain 0.5 to 5% by weight of asbestos fibers contain.

With reference to these publications, their content is intended, insofar as he the composition of tile adhesive, namely hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar in the sense of DIN 18 156, Part 1 and Part 2, also part of the present Documents are made.

According to these publications, such tile adhesives exist in essentially of about 24.8 to 89.8% by weight cement, about 10 to 75% by weight aggregates such as sand and / or ground limestone and about 0.2 to 6.5% by weight methyl cellulose, and can also optionally contain other components, namely up to 10 % By weight copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl propionate, up to 6% by weight melamine-formaldehyde condensation product, up to 0.1% by weight polyacrylamide, up to 25 % By weight of trass and / or up to 5% by weight fibrous material, preferably asbestos. Portland cement, for example, can be used as cement, Portland slag cement, lime slag cement, iron ore cement, pozzolan cement and the like into consideration.

The following have proven particularly useful for the present purpose Compositions: Tile adhesive I with 48.0% by weight Portland cement PZ 55 F 45.0 % By weight of washed, fire-dried quartz sand 0.1-0.6 mm, 4.2% by weight of dispersion powder Polymer based on vinyl chloride / vinyl propionate 2.5% by weight methyl cellulose (degree of substitution 30% methoxyl; Viscosity 10,000 mPas for a 2% aqueous solution according to Brookfield at 20 ° C and 20 rpm) 0.3% by weight calcium oxalate tile adhesive II with 47.0% by weight blast furnace cement HOZ 35 L 48.0% by weight washed, fire-dried quartz sand 0.2-0.6 mm 2.5% by weight Methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (degree of substitution 25% methoxyl, 10% ethylene glycol ether; Viscosity: 20,000 mPas for a 2% aqueous solution according to Brookfield at 20 ° C and 20 rpm) 2.0% by weight cellulose fibers, diameter: approx. 30 Length: approx. 300 0.5% by weight Calcium chloride This is usually used as quartz sand in the construction industry product of quality level "coarse" used; such quartz sand has an average Particle size up to about 0.7 mm. The term "quartz sand" is said to be next to finely ground Silicon dioxide also consists of other finely divided, inert minerals, as well as mixtures Include silica with such minerals.

If that is the aim, in addition to the specified essential Components further additives are provided, such as dyes, fungicidal, bactericidal or herbicidal agents and other known additives.

The hardness and strength of the according to the method according to the invention obtained top layer, as well as the slip behavior on the surface of this top layer can be determined to a large extent by appropriate selection of the proportions mentioned Adjust components. Without a minimum amount of quartz sand, the desired can be achieved Do not achieve slipping behavior, especially when wet. With given proportions on brick dust and quartz sand, an increase in the proportion of tile adhesive leads to a Increase in hardness and an increase in the coefficient of friction, adhesion or sliding friction. Such coefficients of friction can be used as a guide for the slip behavior. To determine these coefficients of friction, a test piece (10 cm long, 5 cm wide, 0.5 cm high) made of smooth shoe sole rubber under a load of 156 N at a speed of initially 0 to finally 3 cm / sec the test area guided; The required tensile forces are achieved with a load cell measured, and the coefficient of friction according to the formula: coefficient of friction - tensile force / Load determined. The coefficient of friction of the adhesion relates to the required Force to set the specimen in motion; the coefficient of sliding friction corresponds to the force required at a speed of 3 cm / sec.

Under these conditions, coefficients of friction were established for known powdered brick coverings the adhesion and sliding friction in the range from about 2.7 to 3.0 were determined. By Appropriate selection of the proportions of the various components can also be used the top layers produced according to the invention. Achieve coefficients of friction in this area. With the specified proportions of brick dust and tile adhesive, an increase in the Quartz sand content leads to a decrease in these coefficients of friction, which results in slippage promotes on the top layer surface.

For the preparation of a particularly well suited as a tennis court surface The top layer can be 100 parts by volume of brick powder with 10 to 90 parts by volume of quartz sand and 20 to 60 parts by volume of tile adhesive are mixed. (Working with ~ volume parts has proven itself well in practice, since the effects of the often strongly changing and difficult to check in practice Moisture content of the brick dust are largely eliminated). Preferably used for preparation of the dry-mixed particle mixture 100 parts by volume of brick flour with 20 to 60 Parts by volume quartz sand and 35 to 55 parts by volume brick flour mixed. Served here As a tile adhesive, the above-mentioned composition “Tile adhesive I or "Tile Adhesive II", without this leading to significant differences in the properties of the top layer led.

Thanks to the high strength of the covering produced according to the invention, this is generated in a relatively thin layer on the prepared substructure will. The minimum layer thickness is determined by the intended service life of the covering certainly. In this regard, the minimum layer thickness of the finished, set Of 10 mm, but at least 5 mm. A maximum layer thickness results from the observation that with an increase in the layer thickness of the top layer the softness of which increases; the layer thickness should therefore not be more than 30 mm, in particular do not exceed 35 mm. In the case of greater layer thicknesses, cracking must also occur and a decrease in water permeability can be expected.

Layer thicknesses between 15 and 25 mm have proven to be effective, with a layer thickness of approx. 20 mm is particularly preferred. When the invention The method is the dry premixed particle mixture in the dry state Applied to the prepared substructure, leveled and compacted there. In the Compaction decreases the layer thickness, so that the loose, dry Particle mixture must be applied in a greater layer thickness in order to to compact and set a covering with the layer thicknesses specified above obtain. In general, the layer thickness of the loose, loose particle mixture increases by compressing and setting by about 15 to 20%, so that to guarantee the above-specified layer thicknesses of the finished covering, the dry, loose particle mixture Applied in a correspondingly thicker layer to the prepared substructure must become.

A satisfactory covering is already used for many applications obtained when the covering is on a flat, solid, dry and water-draining subsoil is created. With such a The subsurface can be the naturally occurring soil, or one prepared substructure. In particular, the substructure that is typical for tennis courts is used as the substructure Layer sequence with filter layer, base layer and dynamic layer according to DIN 18 035, sheet 5, in consideration, in which case the floor covering produced according to the invention is used as the floor covering Cover layer is used.

With reference to DIN 18 035, sheet 5, its content, insofar as it for further explanation of the subsoil, filter layer, base layer and more dynamic Layer including its materials, grain sizes and requirements is required, can also be made part of the present documents. Farther can according to the method according to the invention, the pavement on a water-permeable, bituminous or cement-bound base are generated, for example on a base in the form of a well-known hard court. If a specified asphalt or concrete layer, and the water permeability of which is insufficient, can a number of holes through this layer through to the draining one Underground are generated.

On the essentially flat surface of the prepared substrate or substructure is the dry-premixed particle mixture of the above Components applied in dry form. Mixing the components can take place in conventional devices, for example in rotating drums with the Mixing promoting drum inserts.

For example, those for the production of concrete have proven their worth usual devices, for example the known vehicles for simultaneous Mixing and transporting ready-made concrete. Preferably be first Put the brick powder and quartz sand in the mixing drum or the like, these two Components are roughly mixed together by rotating the drum a few times Then the powdery, dry tile adhesive is added, and uniformly distributed in the other components. When adding the tile adhesive, it is advisable to to avoid a local excess of tile adhesive. As far as possible, target the tile adhesive in the rotating mixing drum to the mixture of quartz sand and brick dust. After adding the tile adhesive, at least Mix for 5 minutes to ensure even distribution.

The resulting dry-mixed particle mixture is in the intended Layer thickness applied to the surface of the substructure, largely flat there leveled and then compacted in a dry state. Compaction can be done with different devices. One that can be pulled by hand has proven to be suitable Roller proven as it is commonly used for compacting tennis courts will.

The compression should not be operated too far, otherwise during the subsequent soaking, the moisture in the compacted material is insufficient penetrates. Rolling is preferably ended when the layer thickness of the loosely applied and leveled particle mixture decreased by about 15 to 20% Has.

Thereupon the still dry, compacted particle mixture layer becomes sprayed with water. During this spraying process, moisture absorption should be even can be achieved over the entire layer thickness of the compacted layer.

For this purpose, water droplets that are as fine as possible are expediently used worked, 9 and a considerable local excess of water avoided. If too much water is applied to the surface of the compacted layer, the setting reaction takes place relatively quickly, limited in the areas close to the surface the top layer, which prevents moisture from penetrating deeper areas can affect the homogeneity of the covering over its entire layer thickness will. Good results have been achieved, for example, by compacting them The surface was sprayed with as fine a spray as possible until the water stopped briefly on the layer surface. This spraying was after a few Minutes repeatedly until the water stopped briefly on the surface of the layer, and then repeated again under these conditions. With a practical Tests were carried out under these conditions per m2 of an approx. 25 mm thick, compacted Layer applied about 4 to 6 liters of water.

After the compacted particle layer is moistened as evenly as possible has been, this layer binds over the entire layer thickness within approx. 12 have. The playability of the course is then in dry weather after approx. 2 to Given 3 days. After the layer has set, the surface can, if necessary, with Very fine brick dust can be sprinkled in order to improve the formation of the conventional To accelerate brick dust places typical slip behavior.

The covering produced by the method according to the invention is as Surface can be used in a wide variety of sports facilities. In particular, this topping is suitable and intended for tennis courts. Since when used as a tennis court, neither a excessive dust development occurs, even with conventional brick powder yards If necessary watering is necessary, this surface can also be used in sports halls will.

Further application examples relate to, among others. Hard courts for others Ball games, the run-up to long jump facilities as well as running and sprint tracks.

Claims (10)

Process for the production of a covering for sports facilities, in particular Tennis courts Patent claims: 1. Method for producing a surface for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts where brick powder is placed on a prepared substructure, mineral material and tile adhesive, namely hydraulically setting thin-bed mortar are applied in accordance with DIN 18 156, characterized in that (a) brick dust, mineral material and this tile adhesive in the form of a dry-mixed Particle mixture are applied to the substructure; (b) the dry mixture of particles there is just leveled and compacted; and (c) the condensed Particle mixture is sprayed with water to make the particle mixture layer evenly to moisten. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as hydraulic hardening thin-bed mortar according to DIN 18156 is a tile adhesive that consists of approx 24.8 to 89.8% by weight cement, about 10 to 75% by weight aggregates such as sand and / or ground limestone and about 0.2 to 6.5 weight percent methyl cellulose, and optionally further components, namely up to 10 wt .-% copolymer of vinyl chloride and Vinyl propionate, up to 6% by weight melamine-formaldehyde condensation product, up to 0.1% by weight Polyacrylamide, up to 25% by weight of trass and / or up to 5% by weight of fibrous material, preferably Contains asbestos. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as mineral material fine-grained quartz sand with an average particle size from 0.01 to 0.7 mm. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that for the preparation of the particle mixture 100 parts by volume of brick flour with 10 to 90 Share mineral material, preferably quartz sand, and with 20th Up to 60 parts by volume of tile adhesive can be mixed dry. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that for preparation of the particle mixture 100 parts by volume of brick flour with 20 to 60 parts by volume of mineral Material, preferably quartz sand, and dry with 35 to 55 parts by volume of tile adhesive be mixed. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that first brick dust and mineral material in a rotating mixing drum or the like. Dry mixed, and then the dry, powdery Tile adhesive added and by further mixing in the mixture previously created is evenly distributed. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the dry particle mixture in a layer thickness of about 15 to 50 mm the surface of the substructure is applied. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that the dry particle according to 1scb layer is compacted by rollers. 9. Procedure according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that - that the compacted particle mixture layer continues to be sprayed with fine water droplets until the surface of the particle mixture layer liquid water remains visible. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the spraying is repeated several times with fine water droplets.