DE3130238A1 - Pressure sensor for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Pressure sensor for internal-combustion engines

Info

Publication number
DE3130238A1
DE3130238A1 DE19813130238 DE3130238A DE3130238A1 DE 3130238 A1 DE3130238 A1 DE 3130238A1 DE 19813130238 DE19813130238 DE 19813130238 DE 3130238 A DE3130238 A DE 3130238A DE 3130238 A1 DE3130238 A1 DE 3130238A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
pressure sensor
housing
attachment
internal
piezoelectric transducer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19813130238
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. 7000 Stuttgart Mauermann
Paul 7290 Freudenstadt Schwerdt
Günter Dipl.-Ing. 7300 Esslingen Weiger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Benz AG
Original Assignee
Daimler Benz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Benz AG filed Critical Daimler Benz AG
Priority to DE19813130238 priority Critical patent/DE3130238A1/en
Publication of DE3130238A1 publication Critical patent/DE3130238A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/22—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/22—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines
    • G01L23/221—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines
    • G01L23/222—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines using piezoelectric devices

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a piezoelectric pressure sensor installed in a spark plug or in a fuel injection nozzle for measuring the pressure variation, in particular of knocking noises, in combustion processes in the cylinder of an internal-combustion engine.

Description

11Drucksensor für Brennkraftmaschinen"11 Pressure sensor for internal combustion engines "

Drucksensor zum Erfassen des Druckverlaufes, insbesondere von Klopfgeräuschen, bei Verbrennungsvorgängen im Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine, bestehend aus einem ringförmigen piezoelektrischen Wandler in Verbindung mit einem Anbauteil der Brennkraftmaschine.Pressure sensor for recording the pressure profile, in particular knocking noises, during combustion processes in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, consisting of a ring-shaped piezoelectric transducer in connection with an add-on part of the internal combustion engine.

Zum Erfassen des Druckverlaufes, insbesondere der Druckschwingungen, die zum sogenannten Klopfen während des Verbrennungsvorganges in Brennkraftmaschinen führen, sind verschiedene Sensorausführungen bekannt. Diese haben den Nachteil, daß der Sensierungsort entweder zu weit von der Erregerquelle entfernt ist oder daß die Anbringung des Drucksensors erhebliche Änderungen an der Maschine erforderlich machen.To record the pressure curve, in particular the pressure oscillations, those for so-called knocking during the combustion process in internal combustion engines different sensor designs are known. These have the disadvantage that the sensing location is either too far away from the excitation source or that the installation of the pressure sensor requires significant changes to the machine do.

Es ist auch bekannt - SAE paper 790139 bzw. Automotive Engineering, Mai 1979, Seiten 63 bis 65 - einen ringförmigen Drucksensor zwischen Zylinderkopf und Zündkerze einzubauen.It is also known - SAE paper 790139 or Automotive Engineering, May 1979, pages 63 to 65 - an annular pressure sensor between the cylinder head and install a spark plug.

Nachteilig an dieser Lösung ist, daß wegen des empfindlichen Sensors eine besondere Einbauvorschrift befolgt werden muß.The disadvantage of this solution is that because of the sensitive sensor special installation instructions must be followed.

Dies ist aber nur in bestimmten Fällen möglich und es wird dadurch ausgeschlossen, daß jedermann jederzeit die Zündkerzen auswechseln oder prüfen kann. Infolgedessen ist diese Art des Einbaues nicht generell möglich.But this is only possible in certain cases and it will be through this It is impossible for anyone to change or check the spark plugs at any time. As a result, this type of installation is not generally possible.

Außerdem ist es erforderlich, eine Zündkerze mit längerem Gewinde zu verwenden. Wird beim Einbau der Zündkerze vergessen, den Drucksensor auf das Gewinde zu schieben, ragt die Kerze nach dem Elnbau zu weit in den Brennraum und kann durch sich bewegende Ventile oder den Kolben zerstört werden.It is also necessary to have a spark plug with a longer thread to use. If you forget to set the pressure sensor to the To push the thread, the candle protrudes too far into the combustion chamber and after installation can be destroyed by moving valves or the piston.

Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen solchen Drucksensor so zu gestalten, daß besondere Einbauvorschriften entbehrlich werden, die Montage nicht behindert wird und eine Zerstörung von Bauteilen nicht auftreten kann.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide such a pressure sensor to design that special installation instructions are unnecessary, not the assembly is hindered and a destruction of components cannot occur.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der piezoelektrische Wandler in das'Gehäuse des Anbaueiles integriert und parallel zur Gehäuseachse mit definierter Kraft verspannt ist, und daß dessen eine Elektrode mit dem Gehäuse verbunden ist und dessen andere Elektrode mittels einer durch eine Nut geführten isolierten elektrischen Anschlußleitung aus dem Gehäuse herausgeführt ist. Geeignete Anbauteile sind z.B. Zündkerzen oder Kraftstoffeinspritzdüsen.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the piezoelectric Converter integrated into the housing of the attachment and parallel to the housing axis defined force is clamped, and that one electrode is connected to the housing is and the other electrode is insulated by means of one guided through a groove electrical connection line is led out of the housing. Suitable attachments are e.g. spark plugs or fuel injection nozzles.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Erfindung, welches sich auf einen in ein Zündkerzengehäuse eingebauten Wandler bezieht, wird anhand der Zeichnung nachstehend erläutert.An embodiment according to the invention, which relates to a converter built into a spark plug housing is based on the drawing explained below.

In der Zeichnung ist eine Zündkerze 1 im Längsschnitt dargestellt. Im metallischen Gehäuse 2 ist der Keramikisolator 3 in üblicher Weise angeordnet. Dieser Keramikisolator ist mit einem Bund 3a versehen, an welchem sich der von oben aufgeschobene piezoelektrische Wandler 4 abstützt, der mittels einer Preßmasse 11 zwischen dem Keramikisolator und dem oben umgebördelten Gehäuse 2 verspannt ist.In the drawing, a spark plug 1 is shown in longitudinal section. In the metallic housing 2, the ceramic insulator 3 is arranged in the usual way. This ceramic insulator is provided with a collar 3a on which the from above deferred piezoelectric transducer 4 is supported by means of one Molding compound 11 clamped between the ceramic insulator and the housing 2, which is flanged at the top is.

Der piezoelektrische Wandler 4 besteht aus einem Stützring 5, einer aus Metallfolie gebildeten ringförmigen Elektrode 6, welche von dem daraufliegenden Piezoelement 7 gegen das Gehäuse 2 gepreßt wird und dadurch mit diesem elektrisch verbunden ist. Auf das Piezoelement 7 folgt eine ringförmige positive Elektrode 13, die mit dem Gehäuse keinen Kontakt hat und an ihrem Innendurchmesser mit einer elektrischen Anschlußleitung 9 verbunden ist, welche durch eine im Keramikisolator 3 parallel zur Zündkerzenachse 12 verlaufende Nut 10 nach außen geführt ist und dort mit einem nicht dargestellten Gerät zur Verarbeitung der Signale des Drucksensors verbunden werden kann. Auf die positive Elektrode folgt ein weiterer, elektrisch isolierender Stützring'8.The piezoelectric transducer 4 consists of a support ring 5, one formed from metal foil ring-shaped electrode 6, which of the overlying Piezo element 7 is pressed against the housing 2 and thereby electrically with it connected is. The piezo element 7 is followed by an annular positive electrode 13, which has no contact with the housing and at its inner diameter with a electrical connection line 9 is connected, which by a ceramic insulator 3 extending parallel to the spark plug axis 12 groove 10 is guided to the outside and there with a device (not shown) for processing the signals from the pressure sensor can be connected. The positive electrode is followed by another, electrical one insulating support ring'8.

Der bei eingebauter Zündkerze und laufendem Motor erzeugte Druck im nicht dargestellten Zylinder wirkt auf den Keramikisolator 3 und damit auf den piezoelektrischen Wandler 4, dessen elektrische Signale an der Anschlußleitung 9 abnehmbar sind.The pressure in the The cylinder, not shown, acts on the ceramic insulator 3 and thus on the piezoelectric one Converter 4, the electrical signals of which can be removed from the connecting line 9.

Durch Ein- oder Ausbau der Zündkerze werden die Einbauverhältnisse des piezoelektrischen Wandlers nicht berührt, es muß lediglich der elektrische Kontakt zur Anschlußleitung 9 hergestellt oder getrennt werden.The installation conditions are determined by installing or removing the spark plug of the piezoelectric transducer is not touched, only the electrical contact has to be made to the connecting line 9 are made or separated.

In äquivalenter Weise läßt sich ein piezoelektrischer Wandler in das Gehäuse einer Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse einbauen. Für den Ein- und Ausbau der Düse sowie für den elektrischen Anschluß des piezoelektrischen Wandlers gilt dasselbe wie oben gesagt.In an equivalent way, a piezoelectric transducer can be integrated into the Install a fuel injector housing. For installing and removing the nozzle and the same applies to the electrical connection of the piezoelectric transducer as said above.

Claims (3)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Drucksensor zum Erfassen des Druckverlaufes, insbesondere von KipfgerEuschen, bei Verbrennungsvorgängen im Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine, bestehend aus einem ringförmigen, piezoelektrischen Wandler in Verbindung mit einem Anbauteil der Brennkraftmaschine, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t , daß der piezoelektrische Wandler (4) in das Gehäuse (2) des Anbauteiles (1) integriert und parallel zur Gehäuseachse (12) mit definierter Kraft verspannt ist, und daß dessen eine Elektrode (6) mit dem Gehäuse (2) verbunden ist und dessen andere Elektrode (13) mittels einer durch eine Nut (10) geführten isolierten elektrischen Anschlußleitung (9) aus dem Gehäuse (2) herausgeführt ist.P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e pressure sensor for recording the pressure curve, in particular by KipfgerEuschen, during combustion processes in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, consisting of a ring-shaped, piezoelectric transducer in connection with a Attachment of the internal combustion engine, d u r c h e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the piezoelectric transducer (4) is integrated into the housing (2) of the attachment (1) and is clamped parallel to the housing axis (12) with a defined force, and that one electrode (6) of which is connected to the housing (2) and the other electrode (13) by means of an insulated electrical connection line guided through a groove (10) (9) is led out of the housing (2). 2. Drucksensor nach Anspruch 1 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t , daß das Anbauteil eine Zündkerze ist. 2. Pressure sensor according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the attachment is a spark plug. 3. Drucksensor nach Anspruch 1 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t , daß das Anbauteil eine Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse ist. 3. Pressure sensor according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the attachment is a fuel injector.
DE19813130238 1981-07-31 1981-07-31 Pressure sensor for internal-combustion engines Withdrawn DE3130238A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813130238 DE3130238A1 (en) 1981-07-31 1981-07-31 Pressure sensor for internal-combustion engines

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813130238 DE3130238A1 (en) 1981-07-31 1981-07-31 Pressure sensor for internal-combustion engines

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DE3130238A1 true DE3130238A1 (en) 1983-02-17

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3828738A1 (en) * 1987-08-25 1989-03-09 Ngk Spark Plug Co SPARK PLUG WITH PRESSURE SENSOR
EP0718612A2 (en) 1994-12-19 1996-06-26 AVL Gesellschaft für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH.Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List Spark plug provided with a force measuring element for measuring the pressure applied to the spark plug
EP0793772A4 (en) * 1991-09-05 1997-09-10
WO1999067528A1 (en) * 1998-06-19 1999-12-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve and pressure sensor combination
EP1598651A2 (en) * 2004-05-17 2005-11-23 Beru AG Glow plug with pressure sensor
EP1854993A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-14 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fuel injector
WO2015195041A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 Scania Cv Ab Method for detecting undesired supply of fuel in an internal combustion engine
CN105229297A (en) * 2013-05-20 2016-01-06 珀金斯发动机有限公司 Fuel injector
DE112013002847B4 (en) 2012-06-08 2019-08-14 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Fuel injection system
DE102018105182A1 (en) * 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 SCENTEC GmbH & Co.KG Chamber candle with piezo pressure sensor

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3828738A1 (en) * 1987-08-25 1989-03-09 Ngk Spark Plug Co SPARK PLUG WITH PRESSURE SENSOR
DE3828738C2 (en) * 1987-08-25 2000-05-04 Ngk Spark Plug Co Spark plug with pressure sensor
EP0793772A4 (en) * 1991-09-05 1997-09-10
EP0793772A1 (en) * 1991-09-05 1997-09-10 McAlister, Roy E. Method and apparatus for operation of engines
EP0718612A2 (en) 1994-12-19 1996-06-26 AVL Gesellschaft für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH.Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List Spark plug provided with a force measuring element for measuring the pressure applied to the spark plug
AT402116B (en) * 1994-12-19 1997-02-25 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech SPARK PLUG WITH A FORCE MEASUREMENT ELEMENT FOR MEASURING THE PRESSURE AT THE SPARK PLUG
US5726351A (en) * 1994-12-19 1998-03-10 AVL Gesellschaft fur Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik m.b.H. Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List Spark plug comprising a force measuring element
EP0718612B1 (en) * 1994-12-19 2000-02-09 AVL List GmbH Spark plug with force measuring element and divided insulator
WO1999067528A1 (en) * 1998-06-19 1999-12-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve and pressure sensor combination
US6318342B1 (en) 1998-06-19 2001-11-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve and pressure sensor combination
EP1598651A2 (en) * 2004-05-17 2005-11-23 Beru AG Glow plug with pressure sensor
EP1854993A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-14 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fuel injector
WO2007132199A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-22 Delphi Technologies, Inc Fuel injector
CN101490406B (en) * 2006-05-12 2011-07-06 德尔福技术控股有限公司 Fuel injector
US8469006B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2013-06-25 Delphi Technologies Holding S.Arl Fuel injector
DE112013002847B4 (en) 2012-06-08 2019-08-14 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Fuel injection system
DE112013002844B4 (en) 2012-06-08 2019-08-22 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Fuel injection system
CN105229297A (en) * 2013-05-20 2016-01-06 珀金斯发动机有限公司 Fuel injector
WO2015195041A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 Scania Cv Ab Method for detecting undesired supply of fuel in an internal combustion engine
DE102018105182A1 (en) * 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 SCENTEC GmbH & Co.KG Chamber candle with piezo pressure sensor
DE102018105182B4 (en) * 2018-03-07 2021-06-10 SparkX GmbH Chamber candle with piezo pressure sensor

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