DE3118442A1 - Combine harvester - Google Patents

Description

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Harvester

The invention relates to a combine harvester for moist crops, in particular for the maize harvest for the production of Corn-Cob-Mix, consisting of front intake organs, inclined conveyor, Threshing unit consisting of threshing drum and concave as well as separating and cleaning elements connected to the threshing unit and grain tank.

In agriculture, people are increasingly using a mixture of corn kernels and spindles, the so-called corn-cob mix, instead of grain maize. This mixture provides about 15% higher nutrient yield than grain maize because, especially with unripe maize, the untrained grains sitting in the spindle tips and the seedlings that are partly left in the spindles are also harvested. Such a mixture can be produced with combine harvesters of the conventional design without great difficulty, as long as the moisture content of the crop does not exceed hO%. If the moisture content is higher, the separating and cleaning elements become smeared, so that conventional combine harvesters can no longer be used.

In addition to conventional combine harvesters, expensive special machines are also used to harvest a enable a clean mixture of corn kernels and spindles. Care should be taken that, if possible, no other parts of the plant, especially no lizards, get into the mixture. Such a special machine is for example in German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,627,096. The crop or threshed material falls after passing through the threshing and shaking organs on a return floor and slides from this on a throwing roller. This hurls the material in the direction of two screw conveyors. In this process should take place due to the different energies a separation of the grain-spindle mixture, so that on the one hand in one grain tank and grain tank separated by a wall into two rooms

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Spindles separately, and after removing the partition, grains and spindles are conveyed mixed in one room can. But because a perfect separation of the heavy grains and spindle parts on the one hand and the light lizy leaves and scar sutures on the other hand with such a device based on the experience of practice without an additional If wind cleaning is not possible, such machines have so far not been able to establish themselves in practice.

The present invention is based on the problem of designing a combine harvester of the type described in more detail in such a way that, on the one hand, the transport of moist harvested material, in particular the grain-spindle mixture of maize, is always guaranteed during the passage through the harvesting machine and, on the other hand, a separation of the heavy from the light parts is also possible with high humidity. The object is achieved according to the invention in that the conventional sieve box of a combine is replaced by separating sieves with associated mechanism ¹ : forced conveying device, that further means are provided for forced conveyance of the crop on the way from the threshing unit through the cleaning and separating elements into the grain tank and that finally a wind blower is assigned to at least the end part of the cleaning members. Further details of the invention are characterized in the claims.

In the following, the invention will be based on an exemplary embodiment and two of this schematically depicting figures are explained in more detail. It shows:

Fig. 1 the combine harvester according to the invention for corn in side view and

2 shows the separation elements shown in FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner Depiction.

With 1 there is a self-propelled combine harvester with a front Drive axle 2 and a rear steering axle 3 denotes, on its front inclined conveyor 4 in a known manner Corn picking attachment 5 is attached. To that in the direction of the request rear end of the inclined conveyor 4 close in conventional

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Assign a threshing drum 6 and a threshing concave 7. This threshing organ consists of a large number of rotating separating drums 8 downstream, which each work together with a trough-shaped, sieve-like perforated separator basket 9, wherein the distance between the conveyor strips 10 of the drums 8 and the sieve-shaped covers 11 of the baskets 9 is as small as possible is chosen. While the drums 8 in the not shown Side walls of the combine harvester are mounted, the baskets 9 rest on two supports running parallel to one another 12, which in turn are attached to the combine harvester side walls. Below the threshing and separating baskets 7 and 9, respectively two scraper bar conveyors 13 and 14 are provided, each with its lower run that passes through the baskets 7 and 9 on the guide floors 17, 18 feed falling crop material to a further group of separating drums 15 and baskets 16. The separation drums 15 are, as FIG. 2 indicates, in the form of open, hasp-shaped rotors which are fitted with rubber strips 20 at their free ends are. These rubber strips slide over the trough-shaped sieves 21 of the separation baskets 16, whereby the crop to be cleaned is loosened and unmixed at the respective transition points, so that in particular the fleece leaves from the fan 22 can be blown away via the one below the separation baskets arranged scraper strip 23, which brushes with its lower run over the associated guide floor 24, then the harvested crop arrives an elevator 25 which is pivotable about the axis 26 of the screw 27, so that the discharge-side part of the elevator 25 is optional can be pivoted onto or away from a grist mill 29 provided in the area of the grain tank 28. The emptying of the Grain tanks 28 are carried out by means of a conveyor belt 30 fitted with strips, which transports the crop to a discharge screw 31 feeds.

The scraper strip 23 consists of chain wheels 32 carried Chains 33 on which scraper bars 34 are placed at a distance from one another. The scraper strip 23 is therefore open, i.e. skeletal constructed so that the air flow coming from the fan 22 can be guided at least partially through the belt 23, whereby intensive cleaning of the crop is guaranteed.

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The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment. So instead of the rotating separation drums 8 and the associated separation baskets 9 can also be arranged tray shakers of known design. The machine designed according to the invention can not only be used to produce Corn-Cob-Mix but also to harvest other grains, provided that the Harvesting must be worked with high moisture values.

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Claims (7)

CLAAS OHG, 4834 Harsewinkel patent claims 1. Combine for moist crops, especially for the maize harvest to produce Corh-Cob mix, consisting of front intake organs, inclined conveyor, threshing unit consisting of threshing drum and concave as well as adjoining the threshing unit Separating and cleaning organs and grain tank, characterized in that that the conventional sieve box is replaced by separating sieves with associated mechanical positive conveying device is that further means for the forced conveyance of the crop on the way from the threshing mechanism (6, 7) through the cleaning and Separating organs are provided in the grain tank (28) and that finally a wind blower (22) is assigned to at least the end part of the cleaning organs. 2. Combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating sieves are made up of several arranged one behind the other Separation baskets (16) with trough-shaped curved perforated sieve plates (21) and the associated forced conveying device consist of separating drums (15) assigned to each separating basket (16), the sieves under the action an upstream wind blower (22). 3. Combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating screens are designed as flat screens and the forced conveying device by a scraper chain conveyor with a skeletal structure rotating above the sieves is pictured. 4. Combine harvester according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the separating sieves are a.s. known group of separating drums (8) with separating baskets (9) is upstream and downstream. * ::. * *: -: · .. * ·: ναοηοεξκξεοητ 5. Combine harvester according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the means for the forced conveyance of the crop on the way between the threshing mechanism and sieving on the one hand and between the separating and cleaning organs and away from them on the other hand as guide floors (17,18,24) are formed with associated scraper bar conveyors (13, 14, 23). 6. Combine harvester according to claims 1 and 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that that the separating drums (15) for the separating baskets (16) are designed as open, hasp-shaped rotors. 7. Combine harvester according to claims 1 and 2, 4 and 6, characterized in that that the arms of the rotors (15) at the free ends with strips (20) made of elastic material, e.g. rubber are.