DE3116048A1 - SPATIAL-MECHANICAL OR PURELY ELECTRONIC-CIRCUIT-TECHNICAL FUNCTIONAL ARRANGEMENT (FUNCTIONAL UNIT), THE ANY SELECTED NUMBER (N) ROLLERS RESP. "INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS" CONTAINS WHICH ELECTRONIC OR MANUALLY IN N] (N FAKULTAET) PERMUTATIONS ARE TO BE ASSOCIATED - Google Patents

Abstract

(Functional electronic arrangement and functional mechanical assembly, allowing to permute electronically, respectively mechanically, informations). The functional electronic arrangement comprises annular shifting registers (annular counters) interconnected in a crossing configuration by means of inverters (2), AND gates (3, 6), OR gates (5) and RC circuits (4) (as buffer memory). Each shifting register may be controlled individually by means of a separate clock line (7). By means of this arrangement and simple programs, it is possible to obtain electronically the desired and reproducible permutations of informations and therefore the ciphering of data. Application fields: electronic protection of data/cryptology/entertainement electronics/research (evolution, respectively optimization processors). The functional mechanical-spatial assembly is comprised of a base body (9) wherein annular closed circulation channels (15) are formed and cross with each other at right angles, and of a plurality of moving elements (16) intended to be inserted in the channels so as to be moved by translation. The arrangement of those moving elements may be modified by permutation by moving them manually. Utilization field: as a combinative toy.

Description

Description according to 93 Designation of the subject of the invention: Spatial-mechanical or purely electronic circuitry functional arrangement (functional unit), the n running blocks resp. "Contains individual elements that can be manually moved or via electrical interconnection and reconnection in n! (n factorial) .Xomplexions (Combination arrangements) to be permuted (to be arranged in relation to one another).

Application areas according to * 3 Para. 4a): 1. Subclaim: Viticulture of the electronic functional unit in a communication and data processing system as an electronically controlled cryptograph (key machine).

Cryptographers are used across NATO.

2nd subclaim: installation of the functional unit in a key device, that to telephones (telephones), radio telephones - as well as in the further Design of this sub-claim can also be attached to video equipment and enables tap-proof long-distance and radio calls to be made.

3rd subclaim: Use of the functional unit for the possible Construction of an "evolution selection computer".

Definition: A device named in this way would have to be able to handle a multitude of of information 1) 2) freely to combine with each other 5) recognize, select and save meaningful combinations.

Its application would be such a device in science as well in the field of technical research.

4. Subclaim: A spatial-mechanical demonstration model shows obviously the conceptual principle on which all patent subclaims are based.

It can be used as a high-quality toy that the player can use can train his anticipatory and spatial imagination.

Further description according to §3 Paragraph 4b) to e): 1. Subclaim: In The Bundeswehr and all of NATO are essentially three cryptographers (Key machines) of different types are used. With a key system the determined code must still be transmitted by hand (Morse) - the other two Systems work according to the ON-LINE procedure. The disadvantages of the very cumbersome first procedure need not be explained.

With the ON-LINE systems, the sending and receiving stations must be in synchronization be brought, what with greater distances between transmitter and receiver and atmospheric disturbances are often associated with considerable difficulties.

Only one of the key machines has to change the key code simple - with the other two it is a cumbersome, time-consuming procedure.

Secret documents must be produced and delivered for all three systems and be stored.

It is not a final disadvantage of the systems used so far insignificant space requirement.

Task: The development of a new type of key machine is on the agenda the task is based on maintaining or further increasing what has already been achieved Key security 1) the different systems used by a uniform To replace the system 2) to develop a device that is as cheap to build as possible will 3) use the latest technology 4) the planned To make the system as small as possible 5) the scope of the key documents required to reduce.

a) Possibility of performing the task with existing, commercially available To solve computers: 1) For example, if 50 characters are to be encoded, leave it Complex ions are already formed with commercially available computers, according to which the Characters of a text are encrypted.

So that the complex ions used can be found again at any time they must be saved. As well as too many such complexions stored this process becomes unprofitable.

?) A computer determines so-called hard-to-invert images. According to the applicant's previous (incomplete!) Knowledge, this The process does not encrypt individual characters, but rather entire texts.

It is a very elegant process. Possible benefits of your own opposite to this procedure are mine at the present time when I am with the whole matter I am not yet sufficiently familiar, not known. If after this procedure cheap key devices to be produced could work, it would be impossible to see why this would not have been used long ago. to å however b) Own solution: In the explanation of the invention I refer to the embodiment, as shown in the drawings. This is transferred to a spatial-mechanical one Model a sphere based on its surface three rows (R = 1 - single-row sphere - i.e. three individual rows) draw on three great circles, which are next to their Intersection points each include spherical angles of 900 (so to speak, a Equator and two circles of longitude).

In the pure there are a total of 18 individual elements, respectively. Running blocks (n = 18). R = 1 and n = 18 therefore applies to Figures 1 to 5. These drawings were consciously based on the simplest model, because. otherwise the graphic one Rendering too difficult. In the actual However, the construction of the presented cryptograph would then have so many individual elements be installed, tier meets the respective requirements.

Definition: With the expression "single element" I mean a circuit-related one Arrangement in which there is a feeding cable that is on the plain text of a certain Position is assigned, divided n times (here 18 times) and via relays with n (here 18) different positions of the key side (xoding side) can be connected.

In the figure 1 you can see the functional unit in the actual The subject of the 1st subclaim is and with the help of which the coding process is accomplished is integrated into a communication and data processing system, such as one it is found roughly in military units. Here are only those. essential to the invention Parts described - a description of the remaining parts can be found in the explanation of symbols.

By pressing a key on the typewriter keyboard, a Switch (2) on - and only one specific circuit within the cryptograph closed. Which circuit it is in each case - this is done via a magnetic card (36) with the help of a control part (35) newly defined for each key step.

The control part (35 - Fig. 3) contains a magnetic card reader and a quartz clock - also a clock input ET (34), which with the switch (1) of the Typewriter keyboard is connected.

The following information can be found on the magnetic card. Instructions: 1) a basic setting for the complex crossed ring shift registers and thus instructions for the basic wiring of the relays of the individual elements.

2) About 10 different instructions for sliding in each one Registers - e.g .: 1. - 3 times slide in register No. 2 2. - 4 times slide in register No. 3 3. - 2 times slide in register No. 1 4. - 6 times slide in register No. 3 etc The pushing according to these 10 instructions is done on the side clock-controlled preprogrammed at certain times - roughly every 24 hours. The issuer is the built-in Quartz watch.

The 10 instructions are called up on a rotating basis. on the 11th day (at a 24-hour shift), the first instruction applies again, etc.

The basic key setting changed every 24 hours in this way (Basic wiring of the relays of the individual elements) serves to further increase of key security. The total period for which one and the same magnetic card remains in the magnetic card reader (about a month) is thus divided into shorter ones Key periods.

At the beginning of each ciphertext, the communication partner communicated the key period in which the text was encrypted. The control part (35) of this partner then automatically sets the corresponding basic interconnection after which the received text is then decrypted. That is no longer necessary Requirement to bring the sending and receiving stations into synchronization! The final difficulties that may arise from atmospheric disturbances then even when using modern automatic error detection systems for binary code to be encountered.

3) A second time 10 different instructions exactly as under point 2) (they can also be the same).

The rotating retrieval of these 10 instructions and thus each Establishing a specific interconnection pattern in the individual elements is now but controlled by pressing the typewriter keys - namely should over the negative edge can be triggered. I.e. the coding process overflows first the already existing relay circuit - when the typewriter key is released the shift command is then sent via the negative flank with the aid of the control section triggered. Accordingly, the interconnection pattern of the relays changes after each one Pressing a typewriter key. This ensures that the entire text is difficult to invert. When using 72 individual elements (R = 2, n = 72) from about 6 times 10103 (ten to the power of 103) possible complex ions for an outsider, the that The key system or the code is unknown, any random picked out and form the interconnection pattern of the individual element relays.

Further description: Each individual element is on the plain text page (Decoding page) is assigned a very specific character - e.g. the letter f (for Use of an inversion button with two Xabel feeds on each individual element it would be two characters per single element).

In the individual element, the cable is divided, via which this is connected to a typewriter key connected n times (here 18 times). With every cable branch there is a controllable one Relays connected - in total there are n (here 18) controllable elements for each individual element Relay. Each relay is now a whole on the key side (coding side) specific character permanently assigned, so that all n characters (here 18) are covered. As already indicated above, there is always only one relay per individual element switched through. For each key step (a character is encoded / decoded) So every character on the plaintext page is a certain (same or different) Character assigned on the key side. In the next or in one of the following The key steps after making the new connection is then the same sign a different character on the coding page is assigned on the plain text page, etc.

The actual core of the cryptograph presented here (most essential to the invention Principle) lies in the way in which the constantly changing reconnection the relay is accomplished. This problem became more complex through the conception, Crossed ring register released. This presented solution still has some Uncertainties in themselves (see explanation of symbols), which I will clear up as soon as possible if there is a prospect of a patent being granted.

From the control part (35), n (here 18) cable bundles run to the n inputs the complex crossed ring shift registers.

Each cable bundle contains 5 individual cables, over which a 5-bit binary code can be given. 32 binary words can be encrypted. To be needed 18 (there remain 14 redundancy indicators).

In Figure 4, no complex ring shift register is shown - this would hardly be possible in terms of drawing in one plane.

FIG. 4 shows only the basic circuit. Each ring shift register as shown in the drawing, can only accept 1 bit per input 5 ring shift registers are interconnected so that 5 bits are processed and shifted can be. Complex ring shift registers are thus obtained. Every single ring register of a complex ring shift register is now in two positions with one, in two further positions with the other of the two remaining corresponding ring shift registers cross-connected according to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5. Such an interconnection arrangement can only be realized in several levels, but what is the current photochemical Manufacturing methods in microprocessor technology should not present any difficulty.

each output Ql to Qn of the complex crossed ring shift register is now in turn fixed to a certain individual element via a bundle of cables tied together.

A 5-bit binary decoder (binary too decimal), as shown in Figure 2. This now decrypts the binary code and thus ultimately causes the corresponding relay to be switched via the Binary code should be controlled. The relay that was previously switched falls off.

(If n = 72, a 7-bit binary decoder would be required).

Control part, complex crossed ring shift registers and binary decoder are connected in parallel in the circuit Ul (16).

The parts otherwise listed in FIG. 1 are not essential to the invention and are only mentioned in the explanation of symbols.

Before each new text that is to be encrypted and transmitted, the RESET key is pressed, which the ring shift register in the basic setting and the relays of the individual elements are thus in the ones on the magnetic card default basic circuit set back. Any text to be encrypted will thus encrypted based on the basic setting of the respective key period Achievable Advantages: 1). The communication partner is at the beginning of each key message communicated the key period in which the text was encrypted. In one The addressee's control section then quickly searches for the 'for this key period e valid basic setting / basic connection. Starting from this, the Text then decrypted. This makes the send and receive cryptograph unnecessary to bring in synchronization.

2) With today's state of the art microprocessor technology, the entire The wiring arrangement of the cryptograph as it was presented here, very much be made small. The entire key device including control unit and magnetic card should hardly exceed the size of a small pocket calculator. This is from not insignificant for small mobile military units.

3) In addition to the magnetic card and the complex ring shift grids no memory required. Nevertheless, it is always easy to find of the key code used at a certain time.

4) The manufacturing costs should be very low - especially if would be converted to this system within the whole of NATO.

5) the cryptograph could - if necessary via an adapter - both new and modern devices (thermoelectric typewriter, video display with Text memory etc.) as well as to the existing older ones Systems as long as they are still to be used.

6) The new key system replaces all existing ones.

There is no need to have multiple devices per unit.

If you want to increase the key security, all you have to do is close it think of using several different magnetic cards. These just need to be on top of each other be made and delivered in separate ways. The communication partner would have to In addition to the key period, the identification number of the magnetic card used in each case be transmitted.

7) The system is very safe and easy to use.

8) Only the small magnetic cards would have to be used as secret key documents manufactured, stored and delivered. They would be reusable and would have to not be destroyed. They just have to be kept in security containers in which they would be protected from accidental deletion.

9) The system can easily be expanded - depending on how many Individual elements are used, with and without an inversion key, etc. It could be used then not only encrypt and transmit individual characters (letters, numbers, etc.), but whole, previously determined sentences, e.g. as tactical instructions for which fast delivery is important, etc.

10) The system presented here offers a high level of ease of use; because apart from inserting the magnetic card, all manual settings are no longer necessary, those in two of the three key systems used. cumbersome and time consuming are.

(In principle, the cryptograph could of course be programmed in advance for many years will. However, this would reduce the key security).

11) As with the ON-LINE systems, there is no switching from one Coding in a decoding position necessary. This is done automatically electronically.

The system presented is an ON-LINE system; because it will be plain text entered and printed out again in plain text.

2. Untetal claim: According to the same basic principle that the 1st subclaim is based on k <mn a key device can be manufactured for the connection on telephones (telephones) and radio telephones is intended and carrying bug-proof remote resp. Remote radio calls enabled.

The functional unit essential to the invention remains the same.

However, no characters are encrypted here, but must a frequency pattern can be coded. How this has to be done is shown here only hinted at since it. not directly to the core of the claim counts.

The frequency pattern of the voice is converted into an analog one via carbon microphones electrical frequency pattern converted - (sound pressure level corresponding to voice the amplitude, frequency of the voice - corresponds to the frequency in which the voltage is changes. The electrical signal is correspondingly back in on the other side converted into an acoustic signal).

Before this analog signal can be encoded, it must first be converted into a digital or binary signal can be converted. This is done with the help of a Frequency analyzer, which divides the frequency span to be transmitted into small ones Frequency intervals. In the lower frequency range, which hardly occurs in the main language area (from 0 - approx. 200 Hz) are e.g.

5 frequency intervals of 40 Hz each formed - otherwise frequency intervals of 10 Hz each. From each of these intervals there is always only a single mean frequency transfer. From the interval 40 - 8Q Hz e.g. only always 60 Hz, from the interval 430 - 440 Hz always only 435 Hz. The voice of the speaking partner would be something be falsified during a coded conversation - but it could be with a Cryptograph, which would be built up from 72 (n = 72, R = 2) individual elements, on this Way a frequency span of 870 Hz can be coded.

In this case, however, it seems cheaper to me if you don't use the extremely complicated structure of the cryptograph that results as well as one chooses too many individual elements used (with R = 2, for example, each individual ring shift register at R times 4 - - at R = 2, therefore at 8 - positions crossed with other ring shift registers interconnected!), but the simplest structure with n = 18 and R = 1 and now only above each individual element leads a bundle of three cables with which 8 bits are binary coded can be. a total of 18 times 8 = 144 frequency intervals could thus be encrypted and one could even have frequency intervals of only 5Hz in the main language area form. (Correction: Only 18 times 7 = 126 frequency intervals can be encrypted because low low low i.e.

there is no voltage on any of the three cables for the cryptograph cannot be used as information!) Thus, a frequency range of 805 Hz can be encoded without significantly distorting the voice of the speaking partner would. From 200 Hz upwards, 5 Hz intervals would therefore only become medium frequencies the frequency of 647 is always transmitted from the interval 645 - 650 Hz Hz for example.

Summary description of the coding process as it is this results in: The analog signal is generated by a frequency analyzer (synthesizer) broken down into frequency intervals - e.g. into 5 40 Hz intervals as described above and 121 5 Hz intervals.

Each interval is permanently assigned to a line (cable).

Seven cables each (digital side) are connected to a binary decoder (binary to decimal - 3 bits), which 3 cables leave on the binary side - A total of 18 binary decoders according to the above embodiment. The 18 bundles of three cables are guided over the individual elements and are in turn connected on the coding side with 18 binary decoders that convert the binary code back into the decimal code - es there are again 126 outputs. These are connected to a second (or if technically feasible with the same frequency synthesizer (analyzer) as the digital The signal is now converted back into an analog signal, which is finally transmitted over the telephone line goes or is sent via the transmitter.

The selection of a specific average frequency from a frequency interval is not described in more detail here - it may have been pulse-triggered.

Only the frequency is converted into a digital signal.

The amplitude is passed on analogously via the cryptograph.

Switching from the coding process to the decoding process can here can certainly also be solved electronically and probably also pulse-controlled about the first lifting of a voice 3e and each cent either on one or other side.

Here, not individual characters are encrypted one after the other, but always many frequency intervals at the same time! In principle, however, this does not require any different structure of the cryptograph - it is only to be considered for the calculations, there through. this parallel connection change the resistance values.

The decoding process is exactly the opposite of the coding process - as can also be seen from FIG. Maybe only one needs Frequency analyzer / synthesizer to be used.

Of course, no quartz clock is required in the control section (35).

The shift commands should be above the negative edge in this device be pulse triggered - ie. the relevant register should shift as soon as (still in the analog range) the frequency amplitude falls below a certain value.

The following might not have become completely clear: About the three-wire bundle no frequencies are passed on, but either alternating currents of a certain (analog) amplitude or direct currents in which the voltage varies analogously. The mean frequency from a frequency interval is due to its fixed assignment (digital coding) defined for a specific cable.

Further development of this sub-claim: According to the same principle With a correspondingly higher effort, devices could also be built with which one Could encrypt image information (visual signals).

Achievable advantages: There should be ON-LINE systems via which telephone calls are to be encrypted. As far as the applicant is informed, these are supposed to be great and be expensive devices that must therefore be permanently installed. Details are me not known about this.

The advantages of the device presented here would essentially already listed in the 1st subclaim. A factor of uncertainty, both in terms of manufacturing costs as well as the dimensions of the device is concerned with the frequency analyzer.

But it can be assumed that in the case of construction in sufficiently large numbers a cheap production process can be found so that this' device will eventually is also accessible to private individuals.

The device will be mobile and should be connected to any telephone or phone via an adapter. Radiotelephone can be connected.

3. Subclaim: Here the applicant must admit that he himself the possible uses of the combination method he presented in research and science, as it might possibly arise, not itself fully overlooks.

As already indicated in the second subclaim, yes when using a corresponding number of decoders on each individual element also a higher value Information "given" and forwarded via this to the coding page.

How far this can be technically increased cannot be overlooked by me. For example, 72 individual elements (n = 72, R = 2) would be used and over each individual element 8 cables are routed, 256 binary nwords could be coded over each path will. In each individual element, however, each figure eight cable bundle would have to be once Divide into n (72) figure-eight cable bundles each, which are passed on via the relays - on the other hand, 72 individual cables would be required for each individual element to control the relays.

But if this were feasible - possibly on an even wider scale, so would be the basic requirement for the possible conception one Evolution / selection computer that would be able to process a variety of Freely combine information and the determined combinations (complex ions) then to check whether they represent something meaningful on the one hand and if so further to determine whether it offers advantages over what is already known. Would this be the If so, this complexion would now be saved and would then be called function for the comparison of the complex ions determined in the following etc.

The device would continuously determine new complexions completely automatically and the possibility that a complexion that has already been determined will ever be repeated occurs (will be determined again) is already extraordinary with 72 individual elements low (72 'possible complex ions').

4th subclaim: In this subclaim, the same functional principle is used, over the n individual elements to n! (n factorial) complex ions are to be permuted, well not presented in the form of an electronic circuit arrangement, but in the form of a spatial-mechanical function and demonstration model, in which the Operations involving the electronic Functional unit executes, can be modeled manually.

This 4th subclaim is part of the main claim of an application for registration in the role for utility model, which is made with the same date will. The description there of the subject matter of the invention becomes this description attached as an attachment. See there for details.

Zeic: hener2äii; RR I Figure 1: Figure 1 shows the basic circuit diagram of a cryptograph (key machine) with n = 18 (18 individual elements).

However, the drawing contains only two of these as representative.

The cryptograph is embedded in a transceiver system.

(1), (2): switches coupled to a typewriter keyboard are. The switches are closed by pressing a button.

Function of the switch (1): Automatic transmission / reception switching as well as connection to clock input ET (34). of the control part (Figure 3).

Function of switch (2): Provides voltage from the plain text page on a single element.

(3): DRIVER GATE - transfers the current path during reception. Ul and therefore also U2 free.

(4): Connection of the 18 switches (1) to one another - only one outgoing one Management.

(5): The same arrangement as shown only twice in the drawing is shown. repeats itself 18 times according to the same principle.

(6): 18 inputs - only two are shown.

(7): Video display device with text memory or thermoelectric typewriter.

(8): Supply voltage for the video display device or the typewriter.

(9): TRANSISTOR - Attention: Principle circuit - between the circuits Ul and U2 and especially between the circuits U3 / U4 and Ul must have amplifier chains be arranged - the voltages of these circuits are around a few powers of ten far apart! (io): "Single element. Definition: With the expression single element I am designating a circuit arrangement in which there is a feeding cable, which is assigned to a position on the plain text page, divides n times (here 18 times) and connected via relays to n (here 18) different positions on the key side can be.

(11): In both individual elements drawn above the designated Route interconnection of the plain text page with position 14 of the key page.

(12): CONTROLLED RELAY - the line in front of the plain text page is connected to n (here 18) relays. In each case, only one supply line is ever via a certain relay switched through to the coding side (one key step).

(13) All control lines of the relays from one single element each are connected to a binary decoder (binary to decimal) (Figure -2).

(14) The cable connection to the binary decoder is interrupted here. In figure 2 continued.

(15) The outputs (inputs) of those relays that work with one and the same Position on the coding side (key side) are connected in a cable collected (same dimensioning as the individual cables, as there is always only one line is switched through).

In the drawing, (11) denotes two relays (on two different Individual elements!), Which are switched to position 14 of the coding page. As As shown in the drawing, they will turn on together with the remaining 16 relays Position 14 combined into a cable.

(16) Low-resistance, weak circuit - voltage roughly in the order of magnitude My-Volt.

(17) TELE-WRITE CODE ENCODER. Each position where K is the coding side a certain character is constantly assigned. The coding device sets this character into telex code - transcription into telex code (has nothing to do with the encryption process in the cryptograph!).

(18) AMBER CODE DECODER. Decrypts the Receivers incoming signals and assigns them to the corresponding positions 1K - nK to.

(19) Of 18 (n = 18) cable connections, two are only shown as dots.

(20) CONTROLLED RELAY - this relay is controlled via the switch (1) - Transmit / receive switchover.

(21) Attention, principle circuit! - runs over the designated cable Telex code! (22) As (21) (23) Supply voltage for the transmitter system - power circuit.

(24) TRANSISTOR - Eight @ ng: Pi'inzYpsc'h% lt'ung the same applies as in (').

(25) transmitter.

(26) Supply voltage for the receiving system - (27) Receiving system.

(28) like (24).

(29) INVERTER / AND-GATTER - automatic transmission / reception switching.

(30) To clock input B ″ of the control part - (34) in Figure 3.

Figure 2: Figure 2 shows a binary decoder (binary to decimal, 5 Eit). With this decoder up to 32 binary "words" can be processed. Second hand however, only 18 (n = 18) become in the arrangement shown - there remain 14 redundancies. 18 decoders are required.

(31) Supply lines from one of the outputs (Q1 - Q18) of the cross-connected, complex ring shift register (Figure 4).

A binary decoder is assigned to each output Q1 - Q18.

(32) Supply voltage of the binary decoder.

(13) and (14) see Figure 1.

Figure 3: Figure 3 shows the control part of the cryptograph.

The control of the cross-connected, complex ones runs from here Ring slide register and above the relay of the individual elements. It contains a magnetic card reader, a quartz clock with connected timing control and a connection to the typewriter keyboard for clock control.

(33) Supply lines to the ring shift registers.

S1: Shifting in register no. 1 T1: Clock control for shifting in register no. -1 (34) clock input ET - connected to the typewriter keyboard over (3o).

(35) Control part, which is only shown here as a block.

The functions it has to perform are described.

(36) Exchangeable magnetic card - contains the information for the basic position the ring shift register (all of them), as well as the information for program control the shift commands.

(37) supply lines to inputs 1; 18 of the crossed ring shift registers. Cable A, B, C, D, t *, on each input; over which the positions 1K - n1 in the binary code are transmitted (via the cables!).

(38) Reset - all registers are reset to their initial position reset.

(39) and (40) correspond to (33) - but for registers no. 2 and No. 3 (41) supply voltage for the control part Figure 4: Figure 4 shows the principle Interconnection of two crossed ring shift registers. It is only in the drawing, however a crossing point is shown and only part of the second register.

In fact, this is a highly complex interconnection, their photochemical realization on circuit boards (chips) certainly only in several Levels is possible.

The register shown can only process 1 bit per input. However, it must be possible to assign 5 bits to each input. Thus there is initially once every complex ring shift register from 5 interconnected individual shift registers. In the arrangement described, 3 complex ring shift registers are crossed with one another connected as described for FIG.

The principle of cross-connected complex ring shift registers represents the most essential part of the patent claim.

(42) Input for shifting in register no. 1 (43) Clock input for shifting in register no. 1 (42) and (43) are connected to (33) of Figure 3 (44) reset input for all three complex ring shift registers.

Connected to (38) of Figure 3.

The drawing is a bit misleading - no supply line is shown! (45) Interrupted line for reset i.

(46) Clock input for shifting in register no. 3 - interrupted drawing Management.

(47) -Input for shifting in register no. 3 - interrupted drawing Management.

(46) and (47) are connected to (40) of FIG. 3.

(48) Connection to line jüY Rückteflen in register no. 2 numbers 1,2 in boxes: inputs - connected to (37) of Figure 3.

Q1, Q2: outputs - connected to (31) of Figure 2.

Position 2 of the plain text page is the crossing point in FIG (Input 2) selected. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the register is at this position No. 1 crossed with register No. 3.

There are still some uncertainties in the wiring arrangement shown, which I do not fully understand at the time of my application and which it to be eliminated if necessary. On the one hand, it must be avoided that e.g. Q15 is pushed into Q1 - on the other hand it must be prevented that two registers push at the same time.-It should certainly not be a problem to remedy these possible defects by installing INVERTER / AND-GATTERN accordingly.

Figure 5: Figure 5 shows the flat development of a single row (R = 1) Sphere with 18 individual elements (n = 18). It shows which positions on the plaintext page (Inputs of the registers) are each connected to a register and via which Positions always two registers (with R = 1!) Are interconnected crosswise.

49) Circular Shift Register No. 1 - Positions 1 to 8.

(50) Circular Shift Register No. 2 - Positions 8,9,1o, 11.4, 12,13,14.

(51) Circular Shift Register No. 3 - Positions 10,15,2,16,13, 17,6,18.

Positions in which two registers are crossed: At register no. 1 is crossed with register no. 2 in positions 4 and 8.

At positions 2 and 6, register no. 1 is the register No. 3 crossed.

At positions 1o and 13, registers no.2 and no.3 cross.

The crossing positions are shown hatched in FIG.

Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 now represent construction drawings for the construction of a spatial-mechanical demonstration model, on which the obvious the conceptual principle can be demonstrated, the official patent subclaims underlying.

Representing all spatial-mechanical bodies after this Principle, a spherical structure is presented here with R = 2 (two rows), n = 72 (72 individual elements - running blocks) and an angle between g and j (Figure 8) of 600.

The claim relates to structures with any number of rows, any number of individual elements and any chosen angles between g and j.

Figure 6: Figure 6 shows the planar development of a part of the spherical Body - starting from a point where two double rows cross.

(52) in the hatched part indicated - that is, limited by the dashed lines - is the body from the surface perpendicular to massive below.

(53) Three double rows run across the surface of the body.

8 (real) spherical triangles remain free between them.

The arrow points to one of these triangles, the one in the flat development however, it had to be drawn in a distorted manner.

The spherical triangle is divided into four levels in a facet-like manner Triangles that are angled by 300 to each other (see Figure 8) and that is why, because the surface of the running blocks was also designed flat.

(54) Along this line the spherical body should be unscrewed and can fall into two parts.

At the same time, the line shows the guidance of cut 1.

(55) Section 1 applies within the limits marked by arrows.

(56) Section 2a runs along the designated line.

(57) Section 2b.

(58) Section 3 applies within the boundaries marked by arrows.

(59) In the marked corners, squares are cut out - namely In the plane of the rails (radius r5) a square with a side length of 0.62 cm (this corresponds to the width of the side rails (this one The value of 0.62 cm is not included in Figure 8 - it is therefore used here referred to).

In the plane of the radius r6 there is a square with the edge length of 0.315 cm cut out.

Between the top square on level r5 and the bottom one on r6 a slope (shown hatched - see also Figure 8 / section 3).

(60) The arrow points to the edges of the recessed square at r6. lateral (61) The dashed line marks the boundary of the runway between the Radii r6 and r9.

(62) The arrow indicates the direction of view under which the cuts - Especially the sections 2a and 2b of Figure 8 - can be seen.

Figure:?: Section 1 runs straight through the center of the sphere - er but applies within the limits indicated in (5g).

(63) Two running blocks are shown for demonstration purposes.

(64) Center of the radii.

Figure 8: Figure 8 shows an overall section through the spherical Body, but at the same time contains the sections 2a, 2b and 3.

In order to enable a simplified description of the dimensions, Construction guidelines drawn in and named with lowercase letters. In the following, a measurement in centimeters (cm) or in degrees of angle (O) is as follows described: Example: c-e 0.37 means: the distance between the construction guidelines c and e is 0.37cm.

g-h 300 means: the angle between the construction guidelines g and h is 30 degrees.

a-b 0.385 b-c 0.315 c-e 0.37 a-c 0.7 a-d 0.885 a-f 1.385 b-f 1.00 d-d 1 1.77 e-e 1.4 e-f 0.315 f-f 0.77 b-e 0.685 (section 3) g-h 300 g-j 600 d-g 150 a-g 15 a-h 1.93 (length of the drawn secant in radius r1 - top end of spherical triangles) (65) Cut 2. Above is on the right Side of section 2a, on the left side of section 2b shown (right and the small difference can be seen to the left of the respective running channel). Down is just the section 2b is drawn (66) section 3.

(67) The arrow points into the running channel for guiding the running block shoe.

(68) In section 3, a running block is drawn for demonstration purposes (hatched). - The drawing is not completely exact! (69) The arrow points to the slope as described in (59).

(70) The arrow points to the wall of one of the spherical triangles.

Attention: The spherical triangles are in all cuts of the figure 8 drawn. It is pointed out, however, that none of the cuts 1 Di 3 lie exactly in the cutting plane! They are always behind or in front of it (see also Figure 6).

Figure 9: Figure 9 shows all radii of the spherical body as well the auxiliary radii for the calculation.

In addition, a running block is drawn with auxiliary lines for the dimensions, Radii in centimeters (cm).

(71) r1 = 3.65 - auxiliary radius for the construction of the spherical Triangles. The extension of the upper end of the running block forms a 30 0 secant.

(72) r2 = 3.42 - auxiliary radius and upper closing radius of the 150 bevels on the walls of the spherical triangles.

Lower end radius of the vertical wall parts of the spherical triangles (see Figure 8).

(73) r3 = 3.3 - auxiliary radius.

(74) r4 = 3.1 - auxiliary radius and fixed radius for the calculation of all remaining radii.

(75) rS = 3.0 - upper radius of the running rails (radius on which the The running blocks slide with the underside (see auxiliary line m)).

(76) r6 = 2.6 - lower radius of the running tracks (the radius where the slide along the front and rear upper edges of the block shoe in the running direction).

(77) r7 = 2.6 - auxiliary radius.

(78) r8 = 2.354 - lower end radius of the running block shoe.

(79) r9 = 2.32 - innermost radius of the runner channel - below this Radius towards the inside, the spherical body is fully solid.

Dimensions: g-h 300 k-l 0.2 l-m 0.3 m-n 0.4 n-o 0.3 p-q 0.3 r-s 0.995 t-u 1.765 if feasible - otherwise 1.76 v-w 1.60 v-x 15 ° (corresponding to w-y) g-h 300 (corresponds to x-y)

Claims (8)

Claims 1)) Spatial-mechanical or electronic circuitry Functional arrangement (Furiktionseinhet), which can be selected any number (n) resp. "Individual elements" which can be electronically or manually converted into up to n! (n Faculty) mutations are to be arranged in relation to one another. The electronic arrangement is characterized in that sid aus Ping shift registers that are cross-connected with each other for installation in electronic cryptographs (key machines) for encryption binary coded information, furthermore for the installation in electronic optimizations: devices as well as in electronic games. Contain the cross-connected ring shift registers as storage elements, positive edge-triggered D-flip-flops (delay flip-flops). Each A separate clock line is assigned to the ring shift register. For the circuit construction there are two variants - depending on whether the rl'akt lines are in the idle state (there is no shift clock running) are at HIGH potential or at LOW potential. a) Clock lines in the idle state at IGH potential: The Q output of a flip-flop that is upstream of an intersection position is connected to an input of an AND gate, the second input of which is connected to an INVERTER of the associated Clock line is present (or the associated clock lines via a NAND gate, if the flip-flop belongs to two ring shift registers). The outputs of the AND gates (are e.g. three ring shift registers crossed with each other, so are there are three AN1) gates) are connected to the inputs of an OR gate. The output of the OR gate is via an RO-Qlied (buffer, consisting of a resistor and a capacitor) connected to the input of the flip-flop, which is located on the intersection position. The clock input of the flip-flop on the intersection position is over an AND gate is connected to the clock lines of all of the shift registers that have there are crossed with each other. Are, for example, three ring shift registers over if this flip-flop is interconnected in a crossed manner, its clock input is accordingly connected to 3 clock lines via a 3-1) gate (AND gate with three inputs). b) Clock lines in the idle state at LOW potential: same connection principle - however, the INVERTER from all connections with clock lines, in which they were turned on, removed. In all other connections with clock lines INVERTER are used. NAN1) gates connected to clock lines are through OR gate replaced. Spatial-mechanical model with which the functions of the electronic Arrangement can be modeled manually, intended as teaching and learning toys, consisting of a ball or a ball-like body and associated running blocks (63), characterized in that the ring-shaped closed in the surface of the body Runner channels (67) are embedded in such a way that they are each at angles of 90 degrees cross over (Fig. 6). There are either three ring-shaped closed running channels in the body let in or (according to the same construction principle) three times two, three times three or three times four channels, with two, three or four each annularly closed running channels are arranged side by side. The running channels are shaped so that running blocks which can be moved were inserted into them and sit on the surface of the body with their foot part (Shoe) are held and guided in them (Fig. 7). If all running channels are equipped with Latsfklötson, the Running blocks end to end and form closed rows. Eight triangular rows remain between the intersecting rows Surfaces of the body uncovered by running blocks. The spherical body emerges from a cube in which the Edges were rounded with a central angle of the curves of 90 degrees. the Centers of the radii (64) for the roundings lie on the edges of an imaginary Cube in the center of the body. The body and the running blocks are made of plastic or another pourable material. 2) Electronic functional unit according to claim 1 with at least 16 (sixteen) memory positions, characterized in that the outputs of eight Flip-flops are connected to the inputs of EXCLUSIVE-OR gates. With this The unit is, in connection with known technology, the encryption and decryption of Pyte codes possible. 3) Electronic functional unit according to claim 1, characterized in that that the overall arrangement consists of several individual arrangements that operate in parallel so that more than one iSit can be saved in one memory position can (complex, cross-connected ring slide registers). With this arrangement, in conjunction with known technology, is the permutation of binary coded information possible. 4) spatial-mechanical model according to claim 1, characterized in, that the body consists of two equal halves that screw apart leave to insert or To enable removal of the associated running blocks. Inserted running blocks are after the two halves have been screwed together Zwazw can be moved in the runner channels, but can then no longer be removed from them remove. 5) spatial-mechanical model according to claim 1 and 4, characterized in that there? a locking ball seated on a helical spring in the bottom of each inlet channel is let in. 6) spatial-mechanical model according to claim 1, 4 and 5, characterized in, since the body has a spherical cavity inside it to accommodate Rattles. 7) spatial-mechanical model according to claim 1, 4, 5 and 6, characterized characterized in that the body consists of eight parts, which are in the manner of a Take puzzles apart and put them back together again. link of the individual parts by means of plunging, twisting or screw locking. 8) spatial mechanical model according to claim 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7, characterized gekennzeicOnet that in the triangular surfaces of the body uncovered by running blocks Threads are incorporated for screwing in various accessories. Definition: With the term "single element" used in the generic term of the Main claim is used, that information is referred to on a Position of the simple or complex, cross-connected ring shift registers can be saved. Each position is represented by one or more D flip flops. Patent claims according to § 3 a preamble of the main claim: Spatial-mechanical or purely electronic circuitry functional arrangement (functional unit), the n running blocks resp. "Individual elements" contains which manually or via electrical Interconnection and reconnection in n! (n faculty) complex ions (combination arrangements) to be permuted (to be transferred). The character "n" describes any chosen one Number. The functional arrangement is thereby in the spatial-mechanical model characterized in that the n running blocks in 3 (three) by R rows on the surface a ball or a ball-like body (see Figures 6, 7 and 8) are. The rows cross each other at angles of 900. Between the rows (or double rows, rows of three, etc.) always remain 8 (eight) equiangular equilateral spherical triangles that enclose spherical angles of 900 (sum of angles: 2700). There are 8 (eight) crossing positions of the rows (double, triple rows etc.). Each single row is crossed 4 (four) times R times by other rows. R says whether it is a single, double or triple row etc. The claim relates to an arbitrarily selected number of rows. The running blocks can be moved in the rows - those running blocks, which are at intersection positions, each optionally in two different directions. The electronic circuitry functional arrangement (functional unit) is characterized in that it contains n cables or cable bundles on which n specific input / output (INPUT / OUTPUT) positions permanently assigned to a decoding side are, each split n times and optionally via n controllable relays can be switched to n different positions on a coding page the relay happens via a control unit (35 in Figure 3), which is on a magnetic card stored control commands to complex, cross-connected ring shift registers (see Fig. 4) forwards. One about the Outputs of the ring shift registers forwarded binary code from one in front of the relay of a respective cable branch ("Single element") arranged binary decoder is decrypted (Fig. 2), switches the relays. The cross-connected complex ring shift registers represent the The most essential part of the invention - the functional unit. They are so crosswise interconnected with each other (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), da3 on a crossing position stored binary code optionally in one or the other (crossed) complex Ring register can be shifted. Each single ring shift register as well accordingly each complex ring shift register is R times 4 (four) times with others Single ring shift registers (complex ring shift registers) interconnected crossed. R times, 3 (three) gives the number of complex ring shift registers that can be used in a respective functional unit. The claim relates to any number chosen of complex ring shift registers. They determine which register is shifted in each case a magnetic card (36) stored sliding instructions, which are clock-controlled via a control part (35) to the respective sliding inputs (e.g. 42, 47 of Figure 4) the register will be forwarded. 1. Subclaim: Electronic circuit-technical functional unit according to the main claim, characterized in that it is in a communication and Data processing system is embedded as an electronically controlled cryptograph (Key machine) that does the coding (encryption) of characters (letters, numbers, Brief instructions etc.) allows (see Fig. 1). 2. dependent claim: functional unit according to the main claim, thereby characterized that over them with the help of a frequency analyzer / synthesizer the encryption of acoustic signals is made possible for use in Bernsprech and radiotelephony. In the further development of this sub-claim: possible use the functional unit according to the main claim also for coding optical signals. 3. Subclaim: Functional unit according to the main claim, thereby marked that in it not only a cable in a single element with the coding side can be connected (via a relay circuit), but that each cable bundle split into a single element (n times). This makes it possible to have higher-quality lianary information to give each individual element and this information across the individual element according to an interconnection of the individual element relays controlled by a magnetic card forward to the coding page. Such an interconnection arrangement can possibly already in the two preceding claims find their application. However, it is essentially because of its very complicated structure would be used in research and science. With their help, the conception of an "evolution selection computer" can possibly be resp. of an optimization computer. 4. dependent claim: spatial-mechanical functional arrangement, thereby characterized in that - as described in the main claim - S running blocks in 3 (three) times R rows that cross each other on the surface of a sphere or a spherical one Body are arranged displaceably (Fig. 6, 7, 8). The blocks move on guide rails (guide rails). Each running block has a shoe (Fig. 9), which is in a guide channel (guide channel) (67) is performed. Because the demonstration model can be used commercially as a toy should, the size of the balls / spherical body is chosen so that they - depending by the hand of children / adults according to the group of addressees. Correction of errors: p. 5 line 17 ....- interconnection after the .... write: ... interconnection from which the ... Final remerkunç of the applicant: At the present time I am almost completely unfamiliar with the fields of computer science / electronics. I found So far, I haven't had the time to dig deeper into the subject - that's why literature references are completely absent. I only acquired the most elementary basic knowledge in some discussions with computer science students. I therefore apologize, if my statements may seem a bit amateurish at times. I also reckon - if there is any prospect of splitting a patent - that a number of inconsistencies still have to be cleared up. In this context, I therefore ask you to give me an extension of the deadline for submitting your comments! Appendix: 6 (six) pages, a; 8 description of one simultaneous registration of a company must belong to X. 7th