DE3108782A1 - Method and apparatus for monitoring the superheat level of steam - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for monitoring the superheat level of steam

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Publication number
DE3108782A1
DE3108782A1 DE19813108782 DE3108782A DE3108782A1 DE 3108782 A1 DE3108782 A1 DE 3108782A1 DE 19813108782 DE19813108782 DE 19813108782 DE 3108782 A DE3108782 A DE 3108782A DE 3108782 A1 DE3108782 A1 DE 3108782A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
steam
line
water
pressure
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19813108782
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German (de)
Other versions
DE3108782C2 (en
Inventor
Bobby L. 6909 Walldorf Day
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Reaktor GmbH
Original Assignee
Brown Boveri Reaktor GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brown Boveri Reaktor GmbH filed Critical Brown Boveri Reaktor GmbH
Priority to DE19813108782 priority Critical patent/DE3108782C2/en
Priority to CA000397661A priority patent/CA1168889A/en
Publication of DE3108782A1 publication Critical patent/DE3108782A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3108782C2 publication Critical patent/DE3108782C2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/56Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating moisture content
    • G01N25/58Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating moisture content by measuring changes of properties of the material due to heat, cold or expansion
    • G01N25/60Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating moisture content by measuring changes of properties of the material due to heat, cold or expansion for determining the wetness of steam

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

In plants running with superheated steam, a fall in the prescribed temperature can cause considerable damage to components of the plant. For monitoring the superheat level, the saturation pressure of water, corresponding to the steam temperature, is determined via indirect contact with the steam. This saturation pressure is compared with the steam pressure. The ratio of these pressure values serves as an indication of the superheat level of the steam. This ratio is determined by means of a differential-pressure measurement transducer (4), one measuring chamber (10) of which is connected via the line (9) directly to the steam (2). A line (5), which is filled with water up to the line (6) and has a closed end (8), is connected to another measuring chamber (4). The water-filling leaves a free space (7) in the line (5). A part of the water-filled zone of this line (5) protrudes into the pipe (1), so that the water in this zone assumes the temperature of the steam flowing in the pipe. <IMAGE>

Description

Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Überwachung des Überhitzungs-Procedure and device for monitoring the overheating

zustandes von Dampf.state of steam.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überwachung des Uberhitzungszustandes von Dampf.The invention relates to a method for monitoring the overheating condition of steam.

Bei vielen Herstellungsprozessen und bei der Energieerzeugung ist die verwendung von überhitztem Dampf erforderlich. Darunter wird Dampf verstanden, dessen Temperatur oberhalb der Sättigungstempercl tur liegt. Die genaue Überwachung d:ieses Zustandes ist wünschenswert, damit die auf überhitzten trockenen Dampf eingestellten Aggregate nicht durch Naßdampf bzw. mitgeschleppte Wassertröpfchen beschädigt werden. So wird z.B. bei einen Kraftwerk, das mit in einem Geradrohrdampferzeuger erzeugten überhitztem Dampf gespeist wird, eine fehlende Überhitzung zu schweren Schäden an den Ventilen und der Turbine führen.In many manufacturing processes and in power generation the use of superheated steam is required. This is taken to mean steam, whose temperature is above the saturation temperature. The close monitoring d: This condition is desirable so that those adjusted to superheated dry steam Units are not damaged by wet steam or entrained water droplets. For example, in a power plant that is generated in a straight-tube steam generator If superheated steam is fed, failure to overheat will cause serious damage the valves and the turbine.

Es bestünde die Möglichkeit, den Sättigungszustand durch den Vergleich der Dampftemperatur mit der Sättigungstemperatur des zu überprüfenden Mediums zu ermitteln.There would be the possibility of the saturation state by the comparison the steam temperature with the saturation temperature of the medium to be checked determine.

Da es schwierig ist, die exakte Sättigungstemperatur-zu37 ermitteln, würde diese Methode jedoch zu ungenauen Ergebnissen führen.Since it is difficult to determine the exact saturation temperature37, however, this method would produce inaccurate results.

Die Erfindung macht sich daher zur Aufgabe, ein zuverlässig und temperaturunabhängig arbeitend es Verfahren zur einfachen und direkten Überwachung des Überhitzungszustandes von Dampf anzugeben, mi-t (lessen Hilfe genauere Ergebnisse erzielt werden.The invention therefore makes itself the task of a reliable and temperature-independent working it procedure for simple and direct monitoring of the overheating condition of steam to indicate, mi-t (read help more accurate results can be obtained.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß der der Dampftemperatur entsprechende Sättigung@druck von Wasser unter. indirektem Kontakt mit dem Dampf ermittelt wird, daß dieser Sättigungsdruck mit dem Dampfdruck verglichen wird und daß das Verhältnis dieser Druckwerte als Indiz für den Überhitzungsgrad des Dampfes dient.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the steam temperature corresponding saturation @ pressure of water under. indirect contact with the steam it is determined that this saturation pressure is compared with the vapor pressure and that the ratio of these pressure values as an indication of the degree of superheating of the steam serves.

Damit wird der Überhitzungszustand des Dampfes unter Vermeidung einer unsicheren Sättigungstemperaturmessung huber eine einfache Differenzdruckmessung überwacht.This eliminates the overheating condition of the steam while avoiding a uncertain saturation temperature measurement using a simple differential pressure measurement supervised.

Bei einer Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ist das Wasser in einer evakuierten und nur teilweise damit gefüllten, einseitig geschlossenen Leitung angeordnet. Diese Leitung ragt mit ihrem geschlossenen Ende in den Dampf, wobei das Wasser in dem in den I)amDf ragenden Endbereich einen Freiraum zur Aufnahme eines sich bei Sättigungsdruck bildenden Dampfpolsters beläßt. Mit ihrem offenden Ende ist diese Leitung an eine Meßkammer eines Differenzdruck-Meßumformers angeschlossen. Eine weitere unmittelbar mit dem Dampf verbundene -Leitung mündet in eine zweite Meßkammer.In one device for carrying out the process, the water is in an evacuated and only partially filled, closed on one side Line arranged. This pipe protrudes with its closed end into the steam, whereby the water in the end area protruding into the I) amDf has a free space for absorption a vapor cushion that forms at saturation pressure. With your open At the end of this line is connected to a measuring chamber of a differential pressure transducer. Another line, which is directly connected to the steam, opens into a second Measuring chamber.

Mit einer solchen Einrichtung läßt sich der Uberhitzungsgrad zuverlässig überwachen, da der Vergleich zweier Druckmessungen problemlos durchzuführen ist.With such a device, the degree of overheating can be reliably determined monitor, since the comparison of two pressure measurements can be carried out without any problems.

Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und einer schematischen Zeichnung wird das Verfahren und die Einrichtung zur Dvrchführung des Verfahrens beschrieben.Using an exemplary embodiment and a schematic drawing describes the method and the means of performing the method.

In einer Rohrleitung 1, die von einem nicht dargesteliten Dampferzeuger zu einer ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Turbine eines Kraftwerkes führt, stömt uin ca.30° überhitzter Dampf 2.In a pipeline 1, which is from a steam generator, not shown leads to a turbine of a power plant, also not shown, flows uin Steam superheated about 30 ° 2.

Eine mit einer Meßkammer 3 eines Differenzdruck--Neßumformers 4 verbundene Leitung 5 wird nach vorhergegangener Evakuierung bis zur Linie 6 mit Wasser gefüllt. Oberhalb dieser Linie verbleibt ein Freiraum 7, der so groß ausgelegt ist, daß er auftretende Wärmedehnungen des Wassers kompensiert und noch Platz für ein darin auftretendes Dampfpolster beläßt. Mit einern Teil ihres wassergefüllten Bereichs ragt die Leitung 5 in den Dampf 2. Dieser Bereich nimmt die Temperatur dcs in der flohrleitung 1 strömenden Dampfes 2 an, so daß sich im Freiraum 7 ein Dampfpolster bildet. An der Berührungsfläche zwischen Danpfpolster und Wasser baut sich ein der Temperatur des in der Rohrleitung 1 strömenden Dampf 2 entsprechender Sättigungsdruck auf, der zur Vteßkammer 3 übertragen wird.One connected to a measuring chamber 3 of a differential pressure transducer 4 Line 5 is filled with water up to line 6 after previous evacuation. Above this line there remains a free space 7, which is designed so large that it Any thermal expansion of the water that occurs is compensated and there is still room for one in it leaving vapor cushion. With part of their water-filled area the line 5 protrudes into the steam 2. This area takes the temperature dcs in the Flow line 1 flowing steam 2, so that there is a cushion of steam in the free space 7 forms. A builds up at the contact area between the steaming pad and the water Temperature of the steam 2 flowing in the pipeline 1 corresponds to the saturation pressure which is transferred to the Vteßkammer 3.

Der vom Dampf umströmte Leitungsteil weist einen größeren Querschnitt auf als der restliche Teil der Leitung 5. Durch die damit geschaffene größere Warmeübertragunrs fl che wird die Dampftemperatur sehr schnell auf das im dampfumströmten geschlossenen Ende 8 enthaltene Wasser übertragen. Damit wird sichergestellt, daß der im Freiraum 7 gebildete Sättigungsdruck auch der tatsächlichen Dampftemperatur entspricht.The pipe part around which the steam flows has a larger cross section on than the rest of the line 5. Due to the greater heat transfer that is created area, the steam temperature is very quickly reduced to that in the area around which steam flows End of 8 transferred water contained. This ensures that the in free space 7 saturation pressure also corresponds to the actual steam temperature.

Eine unmittelbar mit dem Dampf verbundene Leitung 9 mündet in eine zweite Meßkammer 10. Damit herrsch-t in der Meßkammer 10 der gleiche Druck wie in der Rohrleitung 1. Das Verhältnis von Sättigungsdruck und Dampfdruck in der Rohrleitung 1 gibt Aufschluß über den Uberhitzungsgrad des zu überwachenden Dampfes. Die ermittelten Meßwerte können daher zur Unterstützung von Kontroll- und flegel funktionen an der dampferzeugenden Anlage herangezogen werden.A line 9 directly connected to the steam opens into a second measuring chamber 10. The same pressure prevails in measuring chamber 10 as in FIG of the pipeline 1. The ratio of saturation pressure and vapor pressure in the pipeline 1 provides information about the degree of superheating of the steam to be monitored. The determined Measured values can therefore be used to support control and flail functions on the steam generating system can be used.

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche Verfahren zur Uberwachung des Überhitzungstandes von Dampf, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der der Dempftemperatur entsprechende Sät-tigungsdruck von Wasser unter indirektem Kontakt mit dem Dampf ermittelt wird, daß dieser Sättigungsdruck mit dem Dampfdruck verglichen wird, und daß das Verhältnis dieser Druckwerte als Indiz für den Uberhitzungsgrad des t)ampfes dient.Method for monitoring the overheating status of Steam, characterized in that the saturation pressure corresponding to the steaming temperature of water in indirect contact with the steam it is determined that this saturation pressure is compared with the vapor pressure, and that the ratio of these pressure values as This is an indication of the degree of overheating of the tank. 2. Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfafirens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wasser in cincr evakuierter und nur teilweise damit gefüllten Leitung (5) angeordnet ist, daß die Leitung (5) mit ihrem geschlossenen Ende (8) in den Dampf (2) hineinragt, daß das Wasser in dem in den Dampf ragenden Endbereich einen Freiraum (7) zur Aufnahme eines sich bildenden Dampfpolsters beläßt, daß die Leitung mit ihrem offenen Ende an eine Meßkammer (3) eines Differenzdruck-Meßumformers (4) angeschlos^,en ist und daß eine unmittelbar mit dem Dampf (2) verbundene Leitung (9) in eine zweite Meßkammer mündet. 2. Device for carrying out the procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that the water in cincr is evacuated and only partially so filled line (5) is arranged that the line (5) with its closed End (8) protrudes into the steam (2) that the water in the protruding into the steam The end area leaves a free space (7) to accommodate a vapor cushion that is forming, that the line with its open end to a measuring chamber (3) of a differential pressure transducer (4) is connected and that a line connected directly to the steam (2) (9) opens into a second measuring chamber.
DE19813108782 1981-03-07 1981-03-07 Device for determining the degree of superheating of water vapor Expired DE3108782C2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813108782 DE3108782C2 (en) 1981-03-07 1981-03-07 Device for determining the degree of superheating of water vapor
CA000397661A CA1168889A (en) 1981-03-07 1982-03-05 Monitoring the superheated state of steam

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813108782 DE3108782C2 (en) 1981-03-07 1981-03-07 Device for determining the degree of superheating of water vapor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3108782A1 true DE3108782A1 (en) 1982-09-30
DE3108782C2 DE3108782C2 (en) 1984-10-25

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DE19813108782 Expired DE3108782C2 (en) 1981-03-07 1981-03-07 Device for determining the degree of superheating of water vapor

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DE (1) DE3108782C2 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE192547C (en) * 1907-02-24
GB1053371A (en) * 1900-01-01
DE6600366U (en) * 1968-10-17 1969-01-23 Gerdts Gustav F Kg DEVICE FOR INDICATING SUBCOOLING AND / OR OVERHEATING OF STEAM

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1053371A (en) * 1900-01-01
DE192547C (en) * 1907-02-24
DE6600366U (en) * 1968-10-17 1969-01-23 Gerdts Gustav F Kg DEVICE FOR INDICATING SUBCOOLING AND / OR OVERHEATING OF STEAM

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DE-B.: I. Hengstenberg, B. Sturm, O. Winkler: Messen und Regeln in der Chemischen Technik, 2. Aufl., 1964, S. 10, 11 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1168889A (en) 1984-06-12
DE3108782C2 (en) 1984-10-25

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