DE3049302C2 - Process for the recovery of products of vital activity from animals and the facility for carrying out the same - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method as described in the generic term of claim 1 is required.

A procedure from the SU inventor's certificate 2 94 825 is used to utilize the products of the vital activity of animals known according to the generic term of claim 1, according to which for the production of organic fertilizers and Biogas the manure is stored in containers for several days and is broken down by microorganisms. The long dwell times of over a week in the vessels require a high investment outlay for the implementation of these processes and therefore make these processes unprofitable, a recovery of the feed is not scheduled.

From US-PS 33 75 116 is the production of feed known from manure. This method has the disadvantage that together with the feed, that arise from the stable manure within the cycle »feed - animal - manure - feed« are many harmful substances remain behind (heavy metal salts, mycotoxins, etc.), which be excreted from the animal organism together with the excrement. Besides, one is on such Food product obtained in this way is low in lysine, methionine and other essential amino acids.

The invention is based on the object of a further development of the method outlined at the outset and a Plant to carry out this process to indicate the one hand the anaerobic decomposition process of the organic Substances to accelerate! and on the other hand Futtermiuel Allow to obtain from manure that are free of undesirable pollutants and rich in essentials Are amino acids.

In the case of a method, this is explained at the outset Genus achieved in that the manure before the anaerobic fermentation a decompression treatment subjected and the anaerobic fermentation is carried out with controlled negative pressure generation while doing so resulting biogas and other nitrogen and carbon containing components after their exit the air masses expelled from the animal keeping rooms and from the liquid manure fraction as nutrient elements of the culture medium are used in an aerobic process in which they are processed by means of prototrophic Bacteria are subjected, and the biomass of this latter disintegrated and used as fodder becomes, whereby that after processing by means of the prototrophic Bacteria outgoing gas mixture is used as an energy carrier in the system of anaerobic digestion, while the fermented mass is precipitated by a mineral-organic suspension before separation into fractions will.

Through the decompression treatment and anaerobic fermentation with controlled pressure generation the anaerobic disintegration of the organic studs can be carried out three or more times as quickly, so that only a correspondingly smaller container volume is required. The use of the obtained biogas as a raw material for making animal feed is done with the help

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of aerobic prototrophic bacteria, which is a protein vitamin concentrate to improve that is free from harmful ones Heavy metal compounds and the like.

To improve the comminution and dispersion of the manure and to accelerate the initiation of the process of araerobic manure fermentation and for the subsequent intensification of the same, the decompression treatment of the manure is expediently carried out by saturating it with gas under a pressure of 50 to 120 kp / cm ² with a subsequent pressure drop to 0 carried out up to - 1200 mm WS.

To avoid too much oxygen in the manure mass, which is an inhibitor of the anaerobic process represents, a biogas can be used as a gas intended to saturate the manure mass.

To accelerate the discharge of the gaseous waste products from the cultivation medium of methane bacteria, the negative pressure in the fermentation chamber is expediently in the range from 0 to Maintain -1200 mm WS and cycle the mass, with each cycle starting from the moment begins as a vacuum of -100 to -900 mm WS is reached.

To ensure the biosynthesis of protein, methane-oxidizing microorganisms can be used in the process preferably the following types are used:

Methilococcus capsulatus,
Methilosinus trichosporium,
Methilosinus sporium.

To increase the intensity of the process of protein blosynihese the aerobic process is expediently carried out with excess pressure of the gas mixture and the following Maintain cultivation operations:

Culture medium temperature 30 to 45 ° C

Acidity (ph) 5.5 to 7.0

Pressure of the oxygen-containing 1.1 to 40 kgf / cm ²

Gas

Carbon dioxide content up to 30%.

To intensify the process of separating eggs fermented mass into liquid and solid fractions as well as to balance the composition of the obtained solid organic fertilization with regard to the main fertilization components (nitrogen, phosphorus, Calcium), a suspension of the following composition can be used as a precipitant:

Monoammonium phosphate 5 to 15%

(NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ )

Calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ) 5 to 15%

Solvent (liquid manure fraction) the rest,

the volume ratio of the suspension and the mass to be precipitated being selected in the range around 1: 1 can.

The object is also achieved in that in connection with the implementation of the method according to the SU inventor's license No. 2 94 825 known plant for the recovery of livestock waste, the contains an anaerobic microbiological reactor, which includes a fermentation and a storage tank, those with a warming system as well as devices for feeding and removing manure the fermented mass are provided, the last of which with a means for separating the fermented Mass is combined into solid and liquid fractions,

while the storage container means for ingestion and purification of the biogas, according to the invention, the storage container via a pressure medium can be loaded and via the means for biogas extraction and the cleaning unit with an anaerobic microbiological Reticlor is connected to a disintegrator the biomass, a concentrator and a discharge line for the processed biogas to the heating system of the fermentation tank, while the anaerobic microbiological reactor has a device for has automatic regulation and control of the intensity of the fermentation process.

The device for automatic Regulation and control of the intensity of the fermentation process with a means of maintaining given Underpressure in the storage tank and a counter of the amount of biogas provided during the maintenance the fermentation intensity interacts.

The means for maintaining the predetermined negative pressure is expediently in the form of a Bellows pump, which consists of a cold chamber, a bellows, a clock generator, a pressure regulator, a pneumatic comparison element and compressed air valves, two of which are connected to the bellows, the Storage container and the gas container and the rest with the power chamber, the pressure regulator and the pneumatic comparison element are connected, one input to the bellows and the other input is connected to the pressure regulator, the meter of the biogas volume with the one with the Druckluflventuen connected clock generator is connected.

To increase the work reliability and simple structural design with guaranteed required Accuracy of manure dosing when feeding manure to the reactor is the means of manure management and Removal of the fermented mass expediently in the form of at least three not in connection with one another standing compressed air chambers with an input and output section installed in them running elastic material line, which by means of nozzles are connected, and provided with a pneumatic pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the chamber of the input section directly, but with the chambers of the input and intermediate section Time delay elements is connected.

The basic principle of the present invention is as follows.

Due conducted tests and theoretical justifications of Ahlaufgesetzmäßigkeiten the processes of microbiological processing organisehen substrates has been found that their intensity of the susceptibility of the substrate for the microbiological decomposition (competing homogeneity. Lack of flora, low level of oxidation and reduction potential) as well as the Conditions of supply of nutrients to the culture medium and of the conditions of removal of waste products from the same is dependent.

It is known that every cubic centimeter of manure sent for treatment contains around 6 billion different microorganisms, among which, in addition to the methane bacteria, which are responsible for the process of anaerobic fermentation, a significant proportion of microbes that are useless for the process are contained. who compete with the working population for the common substrate.

This results in a significant slowdown in the normal process of methane fermentation, which is 2 to 3 days compared to the process according to the invention (in the absence of competition).

By eliminating the competing population under otherwise equal conditions, the rate of increase becomes the number of meihan-forming bacteria and thus the speed of the actual Meihan fermentation process enlarged.

Experimental studies have shown that performing decompression sickness of the material ensures that it is sterilized before it is fed to the culture medium and reducing exposure to the methane fermentation process of manure by at least two days can guarantee.

It has also been found that the rate of the process of decomposition of organic waste not only through the existence of competitive populations of microorganisms, but also through the storage of waste products in the culture medium can be limited.

These include above all methane and carbonic acid.

It has been shown that an hourly discharge of waste products from the culture medium should be guaranteed.

Investigations have shown that this can be achieved by conducting the process under negative pressure in a gas container in the range from! 00 to 900 mm WS can be achieved by stirring the entire fermenting mass.

Because the fermented mass, as a result of the anaerobic microbiological manure processing arises, represents a stable colloid solution, it becomes the next Separation into solid and liquid fractions expediently precipitated.

Tests carried out have shown that the most suitable for this purpose is the coagulation of the fermented Mass is due to electrolytes that do not contaminate the soil, precipitate well and the fertilizer value of the Increase manure. For coagulation by means of electrolytes, it is essential that their concentration has a does not exceed a certain value.

Since the process intensity depends on the concentration of the substrate (CH ₄₁ O ₂ ), increasing the pressure in the cultivation system is one of the most effective methods for increasing the process performance.

According to the invention, the biogas developed in the anaerobic manure fermentation should be in the bacterial biomass be used in the aerobic process of intensive fermentation.

It has been established by experimental investigations that the aerobic process of microbiological oxidation of the biogas is expediently carried out at a pressure of the gas phase in the fermenter of 1.1 to 40 kp / cm ² .

A suspension is preferably used to precipitate the fermented mass, which consists of 5 to 15% monoammonium phosphate, 5 to 15% calcium chloride and Solvent consists, as which a liquid manure fraction is used, which in the mass to be precipitated is introduced at a volume ratio to this in the range of 1: 1.

With the execution of the mentioned operation one creates an economical method for the recovery of Livestock waste that is carried out on the basis of controlled microbiological processes that are associated with run faster and a higher 'recycling effectiveness of life activity waste of'

Ensure animals than the known procedures.

The process can be carried out in a system in which the necessary process parameters are adhered to. The conversion factor of life activity products from animals to feed achieved in practice, under which the ratio of the amount of nutrients and their decomposition products contained in the life activity waste of animals to the amount of these substances which are converted to feed, which meets all zoosanitary requirements is sufficient, is understood, is for systems with a work chamber volume of up to 20 m ^! 0.9.

Experiments carried out have shown that when using the method according to the invention for Utilization of the vital activity products of animals the extraction of concentrated organic-mineral Fertilizing without loss of nutrients is guaranteed. At the same time, a higher degree of Inclusion of the nutrients contained in the vital activity products of animals in the feed cycle of the agricultural production guaranteed.

The conversion of the nutrients from the stable manure to feed through its use in agriculture is very easy slowly (in 2 to 3 years from the moment the manure was brought into the ground). The in accordance with the invention The process enables protein feed to be supplied after 1 to 2 days after the manure has been supplied Manufacture treatment.

Calculated on one tonne of the absolutely dry manure substance can from the products of anaerobic processing over 60 kg of protein can be obtained. This means that from the Slalldung a mast system for 10,000 large cattle around 600 t of protein per year (around 1.7 t of protein per day) without any loss of quality or reduction of the production volume of organic fertilizers.

The experiments carried out to feed the bacteria obtained from the biomass of methane-oxidized bacteria Protein and vitamin concentrate for animals do not have any negative consequences when fed with this product provided.

The application effect of the protein and vitamin concentrate of microbial origin as a feed additive is that Effect of the targeted use of known protein and vitamin additives of the same concentration similar.

The technology proposed according to the invention allows an accelerated cycle of the biconversion of feed materials to be carried out on the livestock farm in parallel to the traditional way of regeneration of the same in the field, which ensures real possibilities for the design of livestock complexes as waste-free farms that meet all environmental protection requirements.

For a better understanding of the basic idea of the invention, drawings of the technological scheme of the method and the specific implementation of the Devices according to the invention attached; it shows

Fig. 1 technological scheme of the method for Recovery of life activity products from animals;

2 shows a diagram of the device for metered manure supply;

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the construction of Device for decompression treatment of manure;

4 Scheme of the device for the automatic regulation and control of the intensity of the fermentation process of the manure;

Fig. 5 Scheme of the technological series for drainage the fermented manure mass;

Fig. 6 Explanation of the intensity of precipitation of the fermented Mass without treatment (curves 1, 2, 3) and when the fermented mass is treated by an N, P, Ca-containing mass Suspension (curves 1, 2, 3).

The devices shown in the drawings (Flg. 2, 3, 5 and 6) are part of the construction of the system (Fig. I) for the execution of the Verlah-

Lö rens, which has a device 1 for metered manure feed, a comminution homogenizer 2, a device 3 for decompression treatment, an anaerobic microbiological Reactor 4 including a fermentation tank 5 which is provided with a heating system 6 and a device for removal 7 and for recirculation 8 of the fermented mass is designed, as well as a Contains storage container 9, with a means for removing the biogas 10, a device 11 for automatic regulation and control of the intensity of the fermentation process and a cleaning unit 12 Is provided. The latter is connected to an aerobic microbiological reactor 13, the input of which is via a concentrator-sterilizer 14 also connected to a ventilation system 15 of a livestock room 16 and is equipped with a dispenser 17 of mineral components. The output of the anaerobic microbiological Reactor 4 is connected to a separator 18 of the fermented mass into liquid 19 and solid fraction 20, the with a device 21 for preparing the precipitation suspension and a system 22 for recirculating the liquid manure fraction is equipped.

The outlet of the aerobic microbiological reactor 13 is connected to a concentrator (thickener) 24 of the biomass, and the latter is connected to a device 25 for disintegrating the same. Here, a pipe 26 for exhaust gases from the aerobic microbiological reactor 13 is connected to the heating system 6 of the anaerobic reactor 4 via a cleaning device 27, a pipe 28 for supplying the oxidizing agent with a source of oxygen-containing gas, as which air from a compressor 29 or oxygen from a Pressure bottle 30 is used.
The scheme of the device 1 for metered manure feed is shown in FIG.

According to this scheme, the device 1 consists of a sealed housing in which sections of the elastic material line, namely an input section 31, an intermediate section 32 and an end

"" section 33 are included, which are made, for example, of rubber tubing or rubber hose. The sealed housing is divided into three compressed air chambers corresponding to the aforementioned sections of the material line by membranes 36 with nozzles.

These compressed air chambers are connected via delay lines 34 and 35, which consist of relays connected according to the repetition scheme and a throttle 37 with a pulse generator 38 exist. The variable throttle 37 ensures that the repetition frequency of the pulses is varied.

The device 3 together with the anaerobic microbiological reactor 4 is shown schematically in FIG. 3. It consists of an inlet valve 39, one Decompression chamber 40, which is designed with a pressure indicator and a drain valve 42, which with an injector 43 is connected.

Here, a gas line 44 of the decompression chamber 40 with the help of valves 45 and 46 with a

Pressurized gas source 47 (at the moment of starting the system) or with a means 48 for gas compression connected to normal operation.

The device 11 for the automatic control and monitoring of the intensity of manure fermentation processes is shown schematically in Fig. 4 and contains: a means 49 for maintaining a predetermined negative pressure in the storage container 9 by forcibly discharging the biogas produced during fermentation from the storage container 9, in the form of a controlled bellows pump is executed, which consists of a bellows 50, a Kralikammer Sl, a pressure plate 52, compressed air valves 53, 54, 55 and 56 and a pulse generator 57 with a trigger 58; an adjustable throttle 59, a Diuckluitbehälier 60, a compressed air valve! 61, a comparison element 62, one input of which is connected to an adjuster 63 of maximum pressure, the second input of which is connected to a bellows 59 which is connected to a gas container 64 via a valve 55, while the output is connected to the power chamber 51 via the compressed air valve 56 is; a counter 65 for the amount of diverted biogas, which consists of a magnetically controlled contact 66, an electropneumatic converter 67 and a numeric indicator 68.

The device for precipitating the fermented mass is shown schematically in FIG. It consists of a unit 69 for preparing the precipitation suspension with a regulator 70 of the suspension feed, a device 22 for recirculating the liquid manure, a coagulator 71, which is equipped with a stirrer 72, a precipitation chamber 73, a granulation separator 74 and metering devices 21 and 23

The system described above and the facilities belonging to it work on the following Way.

The manure is removed from the livestock holding room 16 (Fig. 1) with the aid of the device 1 for the metered refuse supply (Fig. 1, 2) fed to the comminution homogenizer 2, where it comminutes down to particles with a size which exceeds 1 to 2 mm, and thereby formed into a homogeneous mass. After the comminution homogenizer the manure reaches the facility 3 for decompression treatment. the ones to tear apart the shells of microorganisms from competing groups and helminth eggs. The biological active substances, which are deposited in the treated manure, accelerate the process of Methane fermentation in the fermentation tank 5 of the anaerobic reactor 4, in which the decompression treatment Manure that has been subjected to manure is injected and an active residue of the previous substance is introduced, which is the work association contains methane bacteria.

The process is carried out at a temperature of 50 to 56 °, a pH = 6.5 to 7.0 with a negative pressure in the storage tank 9, which is maintained in the range from 0 to -1200 mm water column.

During the methane fermentation in the fermentation tank 5, intensive conversion of organic substances takes place, which is accompanied by the transition of volatile (predominantly ammoniacal) nitrogen arms into an ammonium form that is stable during introduction and storage and the development of biogas, 65% of which consists of methane (CH ₄ and to 35% consists of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ).

The fermented Ma se is derived with the aid of the device 7 for removal of the same from the fermentation tank 5 and fed to the separator 18, which also receives the precipitation suspension, which consists of the liquid manure fraction 19 and a coagulant, which uses mineral components with a fertilizing value 5 to 15% monoammonium phosphate (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) and the same amount of calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ). Here, the Ausonsuspension is mixed with the mass to be precipitated at a volume ratio of around 1: 1. As a result, the precipitation rate increases by dozens of times compared to natural standing and the energy wall for the separation of the solid fraction 20 is

ιυ speaking from.

The biogas developed during the fermentation of manure is taken from the storage tank 9 by means of a biogas extraction means 10 , which is controlled by the unit 11 , which is used to construct the equipment.

: 5 development for monitoring and controlling the methane fermentation process belongs (Fig. 1, 4).

The biogas then passes through the cleaning unit 12 and enters the aerobic microbiological reactor 13, which also contains water, a source of nitrogen. Phosphorus.

Potassium, magnesium and micro-elements (with the help of the feeder 17), oxygen-containing gas-air mixture and / or oxygen from the pressure bottle 28 or from the compressor 29 as well as nitrogen and carbon containing Gases are supplied, which in the device 14

2t from the ventilating outlets of the livestock room 16 have been adsorbed.

A mixed culture of microorganisms of the following types is used as a producer of proteins:

Methilococcus capsulatus
Methilosinus trichosporium
Meihilosinus sporium

Facultative methilotrophic organisms belonging to the j) mixed culture of microorganisms and are able to assimilate the methane homologues belong to the species Flavobakierium gasotypicum.

The aerobic cultivation process takes place at a temperature of 36 to 50 ° C, the pH of the culture ■ lo mediums in the range from 4.0 to 6.0. the concentration of "ammonia stick" in the range from 50 to 150 mg / l and the phosphorus in the range of 50 to 100 mg / l is maintained.

The cultivation process is carried out at a gas pressure

4>, which is higher than atmospheric pressure and is in the range from 1.1 to 40 kp / cm ² . The recirculated gas mixture is passed through a cleaning device 27, where it is freed from excess carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide content remaining at a constant level.

jo is held right.

The continuous cultivation of the mixed culture takes place with a dilution coefficient of 0.15 to 0.25 h ^-1 , ie 15 to 25% are introduced anew per hour. The suspension of microorganisms passes from the cultivation stage in the aerobic reactor 13 to the device 24 for pre-thickening, where the flow pressure decreases, whereby the gases dissolved in the culture medium are desorbed from the liquid phase and partly from the microorganisms themselves. Here, as a result of high Druckabnahmege speed, the tearing of the shells of a part of the bacteria to be cultivated takes place. As a result, the biological substances contained in the interior of the cells become the culture medium ^b5 after the preliminary thickening in the device 24 into the aerobic reactor 13 partly returns and is used to stimulate the growth of microorganisms.

That on the stage of cleaning (in the facility

tune 27) absorbed carbon dioxide during the Biosvnthese has been developed, and the accompanying components of the processed gas phase from the Cultivation stage in reactor 13 as well as the im \ erdicker ! Concentrator) 24 desorbed gas are mixed with atmospheric air and placed in the heating system of the heat exchanger 6 burned, through which with HiIIe the device 8 for recirculation the unite mass with a periodicity which is directed depends on the change in temperature in the fermentation tank 5. The biomass obtained from methane oxidizing Microorganisms that have thickened to a given concentration are sent to the disintegrator 25 is fed, where the bacterial envelopes are destroyed, after which the concentrate produced in a cervical division 75, where it is introduced into the feed as a protein additive, mainly in a liquid state.

The operation of the original facilities that belong to the construction of the plant is illustrated by FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5.

In Fig. 2 is a device for metered manure supply shown. It is used both for feeding manure to the fermentation tank 5 and for removing the fermentation Mass ~ from the same. Feeding of the filtrate into the precipitation device 18 and pumping the mass to be fermented through the heat exchanger 6. The facility works in the following way. The conveyed or dosed medium (liquid manure. Culture liquid wedge or FiltraO fills the sections 31, 32 and 33 of the material line, after which under the pressure air flow that occurs at the output of the pulse generator 38 the end portion 33 of the material line is compressed, whereby the exit of the material to be conveyed Medium is prevented.

At the next moment, the inlet section 31 of the material line becomes on under the action of compressed air Output of the delay line 35 blocked, and the entire volume of the medium to be conveyed that the has filled the elastic material line. is now in the intermediate section 32 locked up. Thereafter, zero occurs at the output of the pulse generator 38, which becomes the end section opened, but the intermediate section 32, which is controlled via the delay line 36, is compressed, wherein the medium enclosed in it is ejected in the direction of the end portion 33, the then compressed under the effect of the next compressed air pulse at the output of the pulse generator 38 , wherein the aforementioned volume of medium is conveyed out of the device. Since the print in the pneumatic chambers of sections 31, 32 and 33 drops again, the latter are unlocked so that now to the next filling cycle of the elastic material line through the to be conveyed (to dosing) medium are prepared.

According to the invention, the manure is one before it reaches the anaerobic microbiological reactor 4 Decompression treatment, which increases the susceptibility of this coarsely dispersed medium to the purpose of microbial decomposition and the introduction of an accompanying microtlora, which is an inhibitory one Has an effect on the development of the working population of methane-producing bacteria.

According to the scheme of the device shown in Fig. 3, the manure is through the inlet valve 39 of the Decompression chamber 40 supplied; Biogas is fed in from the pipe 44. The latter is formed during the methane fermentation in the container 5 and is by means of a high pressure pump 48 through the valve 45 in the pipe duct 44 or through the valve 46 into a storage bottle 47, which is used to store the excess biogas and to ensure work the decompression chamber 40 is required when starting the anaerobic reactor, if biogas is still is not developed.

When a biogas pressure is reached in the decompression chamber, which is equal to 50 to 120 kp / cnr, this will be Valve 40 closed and the drain valve 42 opened, ίο whereby the gas and liquid mixture through a Injector 43 is injected into the fermentation tank 5 of the anaerobic reactor.

As a result of the sudden drop in pressure, the microorganisms and vegetable particles are at the moment of the The exit from the decoration pressure chamber is destroyed, which makes the starting substrate (starting dung) more susceptible. for the processing initiated by the microorganisms of the working population is increased.

The monitoring and control of the process of anaerobic fermentation is carried out by means of the device 11, whose Principle diagram in Fig. 4 is shown. With the help of this facility, one is automatically maintained Such a negative pressure is guaranteed in the anaerobic reactor at which the process intensity is at its maximum. Here is der'Pro Prozessintensität an amount of biogas assigned, which is developed in a unit of time.

The facility works in the following way. The mass to be fermented is transferred to the fermentation tank 5 fed cyclically, in which the conditions are created for the guarantee of the vital activity of the Methane bacteria are required. As the biogas produced by these bacteria evolves from the mass to be fermented it is variable through a compressed air valve 54 to a compressed air tank 50 Volume supplied, which interacts with a controlled detormator. As a result, takes place under simultaneous stirring of the mass to be fermented an intensive discharge of gaseous metabolism products, of methane bacteria, in the form of a meihan- Holding gas when the pressure in the fermentation tank decreases from 0 to -1200 mm WS. This leads to significant Increase in the intensity of the fermentation process. The vacuum over the mass to be fermented is of a vacuum adjuster 63 connected to one of the chambers of a comparison element 62. In this way, a proportional air consumption from the power chamber 51 of the means 8 (Fig. 1) to forced discharge of the resulting biogas from the fermentation tank 5 under vacuum conditions The prescribed vacuum level in the bellows 50 is achieved depending on the inflow of the biogas.

When the upper end position is assumed by the bellows 50, which corresponds to the complete filling of the same with biogas ⁵⁵ , the contacts of a magnetically controlled transmitter 66 respond and the circuit of an electropneumatic converter 67 and a numeric indicator 68 switches on. At the same time, the air pressure is fed to a trigger 58 of a clock generator 57. ⁶⁰ with pressure increase to a high back pressure the same amount of the trigger 58 is switched. At the same time, the compressed air valves 53, 54, 55, 56 and 61 are switched over. The required for deformation of the bellows 50 air pressure flows from the pressure plate 52 in the Kraftkam- ⁶⁵ mer 51. The biogas from the bellows 50 is discharged through the air valve 55 in a gas container 64th At this moment, the compressed air valve prevents the overpressure from being fed to the comparison element

16, while the pressure air valve 54 is the rear feed of the biogas? * To the storage tank 9. At the transition of the bellows 50 from the upper end position in the lower position, the contacts of the magnetically controlled transmitter 66 are disconnected, the electropneumatic Converter 67 switched to the initial state, with "0" appearing at its output.

After a period of time, the filling time of the pressure air container 60 and the emptying time of the bellows 50 is the same, the trigger 58 is switched to the normal position; o, whereby the control chambers of the compressed air valves 53, 54, 55, 56 and 61 become associated with the atmosphere. In the power chamber 51 is the set Pressure is stored, the storage container 9 is with the bellows 50, the power chamber 51 with the comparison element 62 and the pressure vessel 60 connected to the atmosphere. The bellows 50 and the gas container 64 connecting pipe is disconnected. The cycle then repeats itself.

The time for complete emptying of the bellows 50 is set by the adjustable throttle 59.

This facility designed the intensity of the process of anaerobic manure processing thanks to more intense Derivation of products of bacterial metabolism in To increase the shape of biogas bubbles emerging from the liquid to be fermented when the pressure decreases above it 0 to -1200 mm WS.

In addition, this device allows precise automatic control of the intensity of the fermentation process to ensure.

After the anaerobic manure processing, a fermented mass is obtained which has the shape of a colloidal solution owns. To ensure a highly productive dewatering of the same is the precipitation of organic Colloids require the use of existing precipitation processes to carry them out by metal-containing coagulants because of their cost and the risk of contamination of the soil and the groundwater is inexpedient due to signposted connections.

Therefore, instead of metal-containing coagulants, it is preferable to use a precipitation suspension made of mineral fertilizers, namely monoammonium phosphate (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) - 10 ¹ V, - and potassium chloride (CaCl ₂ ) or lime - 10%. Liquid manure fraction is used as the liquid phase of the dispersion medium, which is released from the manure during separation. Here, the precipitation solution is introduced in a ratio in the range of 1: 1 (two parts by volume of the liquid phase per two parts of manure) into the manure, which has a temperature of 50 to 55 ° C (this is the manure temperature at the outlet of the digester), after which is stirred vigorously, whereupon it is allowed to stand for 10 to 15 minutes and during this time an ash separation of the mixture into fractions in a ratio of 1: 1 is achieved.

The liquid fraction drains, and the paragraph comes into the mechanical separation.

After treating the manure according to this method, the filtration time is increased by a factor of twenty decreases, and an organic-mineral arises Complex fertilizer balanced according to N.P. Ca. A An exemplary embodiment of the present method is illustrated by a diagram in FIG. 5. According to this Scheme arrives dii fermented miscarriage that has a temperature of 55 "C, from the fermentation tank 5 into a coagulation chamber 71, which is equipped with an agitator 72 is designed and in which by a locking device 70 the previously prepared precipitation suspension in relation to

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b5 nis in the range of 1: 1 (two parts of solution each two parts of manure) is added. The liquid manure prepared in this way reaches the precipitation chamber 73, where it is intensively separated into the liquid fraction and paragraph, the paragraph is fed to a device 74 for dewatering and granulation of the same, and part of the liquid fraction is via the pipe 22 of a chamber 69 supplied to prepare the precipitation suspension, into which monoammonium phosphate (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) - 5 to 15% - and calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ) or lime - 5 to 15% - are also fed from the metering device 21. '

For the tempering period, when no filtrate of the liquid manure is obtained, is used as a dispersion medium uses normal water.

The implementation of the method according to the invention allows thanks to the shortening of the separation of the Manure in fractions required time, the work performance of the separation facilities by more than that Increase tenfold. In the liquid manure fraction there are practically no suspended particles. In Fig. 6 shows the curves 1, 2, 3, 4 dependencies of the natural settling; etching of the liquid manure again:

1 - fresh manure;

2 - fermented manure;

3 - fresh manure mixed with the precipitation solution,

4 - fermented manure mixed with the precipitation solution.

To construct the curves, 60 ml of the manure to be examined were poured into each of the measuring cylinders, and after certain periods of time, the volume of the resulting sales was registered (in% as of Total volume). From the listed dependencies it can be seen that 20% of sales are lost 50 hours were required in fresh manure, with the fermented manure practically not separating. After mixing the fresh or fermented manure with the precipitation solution, 50% sales are formed in 10 to 12 min, after which the increase in volume ceases, d. H. almost the speed of natural settling increases by 3001 times, the liquid phase has a yellowish color and there are no floating particles in it, while in fresh manure the liquid phase is dark in color and there is a layer in the upper part. which consists of floating particles. The curves 1, 2, 3, 4 show the dependencies of the filtration speed of the same volume / 60 ml / of the manure to be examined under otherwise identical conditions (temperature, Vacuum, filtration surface, filter paper), from which it can be seen that the fermented manure is practically not filtered, while the fresh manure was filtered off by 60% in 14 min and the filtration ended was. For filtering the same kinds of manure mixed with the precipitating solution, 50 to 60 were required sec required, d. H. the filtration speed wedge increased proportionally to the speed of the natural Weaning too.

The filtrate of the liquid manure obtained from the fermented mass does not need to be decontaminated, what its introduction with the help of sprinkling systems or systems for below-the-ground introduction possible.

The fixed misifraction. which in this case in shape of capsular granules with a shell of mineral components is an organic-mineral complex fertilizer, which is in the soil with Help from well-known, intended for mineral fertilizers

Sprinkle or can be introduced locally when top dressing plants. This practically does not apply Need for the development of special machines exclusively for spreading organic fertilizers are determined. The economic benefit consists in using the method according to the invention in a considerable increase in yield, increase in the efficiency of the separation devices (which is a significant Reduction of the effort for the processing of 11 manure guaranteed) and in the reduction of the machinery required for spreading organic fertilizers.

In addition 6 sheets of drawings

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Claims (11)

Temperature of the culture medium acidity pressure of the oxygen-holding gas carbonic acid content 30 to 45 ° C 5.5 to 7.0 1.1 to 40 kgf / cm ² up to 30%. 10 20th Patent claims: 1. Process for the recovery of life activity products of animals in the anaerobic digestion of manure, which is constantly stirring takes place in the separation of the fermented mass into liquid and solid fractions, which are used as fertilization are, as well as in the biogas development, characterized in that the manure before anaerobic digestion subjected to decompression treatment and the anaerobic digestion with controlled negative pressure generation is performed, while the resulting biogas and other nitrogen and carbon-containing components after they have emerged from the expelled air masses of the Animal keeping rooms and from the liquid manure fraction as nutrient elements of the culture medium in one aerobic process can be used in which they are subjected to processing by means of proioiropher bacteria and the biomass of this latter is disintegrated and used as fodder, after which The gas mixture exiting the processing by means of the prototrophic bacteria serves as an energy carrier in the system The anaerobic digestion is used while the fermented mass is separated into fractions is precipitated by an organic mineral suspension. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the decompression treatment of the stable manure is carried out by saturating it with gas under a pressure of 50 to I2Ukp / cm ² with a subsequent decrease in pressure down to 0 to - 1200 mm water column. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that biogas is used to saturate the manure mass that is developed during anaerobic manure processing. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the negative pressure in the fermentation chamber ^{4 (l is maintained} in the range of 0 to - 1200 mm water column and each stirring cycle starts from the moment when a negative pressure of -100 to -900 mm water column is reached. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the prototrophic bacteria in the aerobic Process used, consist, obligatorily or optionally, of microorganisms of the following types: Melhilococcus capsulatus
Methilosinus trichosporium
Methilosinus sporium. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the aerobic process of biomass production is conducted under an overpressure of the gas mixture, whereby the following are maintained: Yi -,O 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a suspension of the following composition is used to precipitate the fermented mass:
Monoammonium Phosphate 5 to 1596 (NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) Potassium chloride (CaCl ₂ ) 5 to 15% Solvent residue, (liquid manure fraction) the mixing of the suspension with the one to be precipitated Mass is carried out at a volume ratio in the range around 1: 1. 8. Plant for carrying out the method according to claim 1, which contains an anaerobic microbiological reactor which contains a fermentation and a storage tank, which are equipped with a heating system and with devices for supplying manure and removing the fermented mass, the latter of which is connected to a means for separating the fermented mass into solid and liquid fractions, while the storage tank has means for removing and cleaning biogas, characterized in that the storage tank (9) can be acted upon by a negative pressure medium and via the middle! (10? For the biogas feed and the cleaning unit (12) is connected to an aerobic microbiological reactor (13), which has a biomass desintegrator (25), a concentrator (24), a pipe (26) for draining off the prototrophic bacteria after processing Gas mixture in a system (6) for heating the fermentation tank (5), while the anaerobic microbiological reactor (4) contains a device (11) for automatic regulation and control of the intensity of the fermentation process. 9. Plant according to claim 8, characterized in that the device (H) for automatic! regulation and controlling the intensity of the fermentation process by means (49) for maintaining a predetermined one Negative pressure in the storage tank (9) and a counter (65) of the amount of biogas, which during work together to maintain the specified intensity. 10. Plant according to claim 9, characterized in that the means (49) for maintaining the predetermined negative pressure in the form of a bellows pump, which consists of a cold chamber (51), a bellows (50). a clock generator (57), a pressure regulator (64), a pneumatic comparison element (62) and compressed air valves (53, 54, 55, 56, 61), two of which are connected to the bellows (50), the storage container (9) and the gas container (64) and the other with the power chamber (51), the Pressure plate (52) and the pneumatic comparison element (62) are connected, one input of which is connected to the bellows (50) and its other inlet is connected to the pressure seller (63). where the biogas meter (65) is connected to the clock generator (57) which is connected to the compressed air valves (53, 54, 55, 56, 61) is coupled. 11. Plant according to claim 8, characterized in that that the means (1,7) for the Siallmistzuführ and removal of the fermented mass at least three together Non-communicating compressed air chambers with an inlet section mounted in them (31), an intermediate section (32) and an output section (33) of an elastic Material lending. which are connected by means of connecting pieces (36) and a pneumatic pulse generator (37), the output of which connects to the chamber of the output section (33) immediately, with the i chambers of the entrance section (31) and the intermediate section (32) but is connected via time delay elements (34) and (35).