DE3037582A1 - Active carbon fabric - is of fibres which can be converted to active carbon - Google Patents
Active carbon fabric - is of fibres which can be converted to active carbonInfo
- Publication number
- DE3037582A1 DE3037582A1 DE19803037582 DE3037582A DE3037582A1 DE 3037582 A1 DE3037582 A1 DE 3037582A1 DE 19803037582 DE19803037582 DE 19803037582 DE 3037582 A DE3037582 A DE 3037582A DE 3037582 A1 DE3037582 A1 DE 3037582A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- production
- sheet
- structure consisting
- activated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28023—Fibres or filaments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/354—After-treatment
- C01B32/382—Making shaped products, e.g. fibres, spheres, membranes or foam
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/16—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetate
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines aus AktivkohleProcess for making one from activated carbon
bestehenden Flächengebildes Aktivkohle wird für die verschiedensten Adsorptionsvorgänge in unterschiedlicher Struktur und Aufmachung verwendet, die sich einerseits aus dem Ausgangsmaterial und der Produktionsform, andererseits aus dem Einsatzzweck und der Gestaltung der Einsatzapparaturen ergeben.-Die verschiedenen Ausgangsmaterialien, wie Holz, Holzkohle, Braunkohle, Steinkohle, Torf, Kokosschalen und andere, unterscheiden sich durch eine unterschiedliche Aktivierbarkeit und durch den Reingehalt an Aktivkohle im Endprodukt. Man ist im allgemeinen bestrebt, aus diesen Ausgangsmaterialien Aktivkohle mit einem möglichst gleichmäßigen Porendurchmesser nach einem billigen und ergiebigen Arbeitsverfahren zu gewinnen.existing sheet-like activated carbon is used for the most diverse Adsorption processes in different structure and presentation used that on the one hand from the starting material and the form of production, on the other hand the intended use and the design of the operational equipment Raw materials such as wood, charcoal, brown coal, bituminous coal, peat, coconut shells and others, differ in their ability to be activated differently and by the pure content of activated carbon in the end product. One is generally eager to get out these starting materials activated carbon with a pore diameter that is as uniform as possible to win after a cheap and productive working process.
Die meist verwendeten Formen der Aktivkohle sind je nach Korngröße die Pulverkohle oder die Kornkohle. Will man eine größere Form der Aktivkohle einsetzen, so müssen aus diesen körnigen Produkten Formkohlen (Formlinge) gepreßt werden; ein Verfahren, das verhältnismäßig wenig variterbare Produkte ergibt. Für engporige Aktivkohle benutzt man möglichst dichtes Ausgangsmaterial und aktiviert vorsichtig und langsam, weitporige Kohle erhält man durch stärkere Aktivierung bzw. größeren Abbrand. Besonders wichtig ist die richtige Auswahl, wenn der Gebrauch einen gewissen Abrieb mit sich bringen kann (z.B. bei kontinuierlichen Sorptionsverfahren oder Gasmasken), so daß eine gute mechanische Härte verlangt werden und das Ausgangsmaterial eine hohe Dichte und Festigkeit haben muß.The most commonly used forms of activated carbon depend on the grain size the powder coal or the grain coal. If you want to use a larger form of activated carbon, so molded charcoal (moldings) must be pressed from these granular products; a Process that results in products that are relatively difficult to vary. For narrow-pore Activated charcoal is used as a starting material that is as dense as possible and activated carefully and slow, wide-pored charcoal is obtained through stronger activation or larger ones Burn-off. Correct selection is especially important when using a certain amount Can bring about abrasion (e.g. in the case of continuous sorption processes or Gas masks), so that a good mechanical hardness is required and the starting material must have high density and strength.
Da sich die Anwendungsbereiche der Aktivkohle auf flüssige und gasförmige Phasen erstrecken, müssen die Formen der Aktivkohle und die Konstruktion der Apparaturen zweckentsprechend gestaltet sein. Dieses ist bei pulver- und kornförmigen Produkten verhältnismäßig problematisch, weil Schichtungshöhe, Durchlässigkeit und Regenerierungsmöglichkeiten aufeinander abgestimmt werden müssen. Ein großer Vorteil für die Anwendung der Aktivkohle wäre es daher, wenn dieses an sich wenig widerstandsfähige Material in einer stärker zu variierenden und von vornherein entsprechend der späteren Benutzung zu gestaltenden Form hergestellt werden könnte.Since the areas of application of activated carbon are liquid and gaseous Phases must extend the shapes of the activated carbon and the construction of the apparatus be designed appropriately. This is the case with powdery and granular products relatively problematic because of the layering height, permeability and regeneration possibilities must be coordinated. A great advantage for the use of activated carbon it would therefore be if this material, which in itself is not very resistant, was turned into a stronger one to be varied and designed from the outset according to the later use Shape could be made.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Aktivkohleprodukt und das Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung vorzuschlagen, das die Verwendung von Aktivkohle in verschiedener Form ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide an activated carbon product and the method to propose to its manufacture that the use of activated carbon in various Form enables.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dieses dadurch erreicht, daß aktivierbare natürliche Faserstoffe, wie Baumwolle, Hanf, Jute usw., und künstlich geschaffene Faserstoffe, wie Zellulosefasern und Polyacrylnitrilfasern, nach der textiltechnischen Verarbeitung zu Lunten, Garnen, Geflechten, Geweben, Vliesen, Matten u.ä. Textilgebilden nach bekannten Aktivierungsverfahren in Aktivkohle überführt werden und die Aktivkohle hierdurch in einer Form und einer Verarbeitungsart einzusetzen ist, die bisher nicht möglich war. Dieses erfindungsgemäße Verfahren macht es möglich, ein Produkt so zu gestalten und aufzubereiten, daß es entweder als zusammenhängendes Band eingesetzt werden kann oder durch einsatzgerechtes Verarbeiten, wie Stanzen, Schneiden u.ä., aufzuteilen ist, so daß eine wesentlich unkompliziertere Einsatzmöglichkeit gegeben ist als bei Pulver- oder Kornkohle. Auch gegenüber Formlingen (Formkohle) bieten diese aktivierten Flächengebilde schon durch die erzielbare große Oberfläche und die in weiten Grenzen variierbare Gasdurchlässigkeit sehr vielseitige Vorteile. Hinzu kommt ein sehr gutes Anwendungsverhältnis des Adsorbens zur Gasmenge, so daß auch unerwünschte Strömungswiderstände vermeidbar sind, die bekanntlich bei ungünstigen Schichthöhen körniger Aktivkohle auftreten können.According to the invention this is achieved in that activatable natural Fibrous materials such as cotton, hemp, jute, etc., and man-made fibers, such as cellulose fibers and polyacrylonitrile fibers, after textile processing for slubs, yarns, braids, fabrics, fleeces, mats, etc. Textile structures known activation processes are converted into activated carbon and the activated carbon as a result, can be used in a form and a type of processing that has not been possible before was possible. This inventive method makes it possible to produce a product like this to design and prepare so that it is either used as a continuous band can be or by appropriate processing, such as punching, cutting, etc., is to be divided, so that a much more uncomplicated application is given is than with powder or grain coal. Also offer compared to moldings (molded charcoal) these activated fabrics already by the achievable large Surface and the gas permeability, which can be varied within wide limits, are very versatile Advantages. In addition, there is a very good application ratio of the adsorbent to the amount of gas, so that undesirable flow resistances, which are known to occur in unfavorable layer heights of granular activated carbon can occur.
Die Vorzüge derartiger aus Aktivkohle bestehender Flächengebilde gelten besonders für die Bereiche der Körperschutzkleidung und der Filtermedien, bei denen bisher der Einsatz der Aktivkohle durch die lose Pulver- oder Kornform sehr eingeengt war.The advantages of such flat structures made of activated carbon apply especially for the areas of protective clothing and filter media where Until now, the use of activated carbon has been very limited due to the loose powder or grain form was.
Sollte die Festigkeit der Flächengebilde aus reiner Aktivkohle für einen Einsatzzweck nicht ausreichen, so ist eine Erhöhung der Festigkeitseigenschaften durch Untermischen oder durch zusätzliche Verwendung hochhitzebeständiger unbrennbarer Faserstoffe möglich, die durch den Aktivierungsprozess keine Einbuße an ihren physikalischen Eigenschaften erleiden.Should the strength of the fabric made of pure activated carbon for If one purpose is not sufficient, an increase in the strength properties is required by mixing in or by additionally using highly heat-resistant, non-combustible Fibers possible, which through the activation process do not lose their physical properties Suffer properties.
Derartige Untermischungen können in der Lunte und im Garn erfolgen, sie können aber auch in non-woven Produkten, z.B. in Matten oder Vliesen, unmittelbar in das Flächengebilde eingehen. Als Garnzwirnungen oder als Zusatz garne können sie in Geweben oder in Geflechten Verwendung finden. Insbesondere eignen sich hierfür Fasern aus Glas, Metall, Graphit, Bor und aromatischen Polyamiden, den sog. Aramiden.Such intermingling can occur in the fuse and in the yarn, But they can also be used directly in non-woven products, e.g. in mats or fleeces enter into the fabric. Can be used as twine twists or as an additional yarn they are used in fabrics or braids. In particular, are suitable for this Fibers made of glass, metal, graphite, boron and aromatic polyamides, the so-called aramids.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil ist es auch, daß derartige Produkte durch Beschichtungen oder Tränkungen verschiedenster Art einseitig oder beidseitig stabilisiert werden können, wobei die Beschichtung in ihrer Beschaffenheit und Durchlässigkeit dem Einsatzzweck angepaßt werden muß.It is also a major advantage that products of this type can be used Various types of coatings or impregnations stabilized on one or both sides the coating in terms of its texture and permeability must be adapted to the intended use.
Die Überführung der aktivierbaren Fasern in die reaktive Form der Aktivkohle kann bei der Gasaktivierung und bei der Chemikalienaktivierung besonders durch die Höhe und Einwirkungszeit der die Verkokung bewirkenden Hitze in weiten Grenzen variiert werden. Die Aktivierung selbst sollte unter der Graphitierungsgrenze liegen, so daß der Nachteil schlechter Adsorptionsergebnisse durch graphitierte Fasern vermieden wird.The conversion of the activatable fibers into the reactive form of the Activated carbon is particularly useful for gas activation and chemical activation by the amount and exposure time of the heat causing the coking to a large extent Limits can be varied. The activation itself should be below the graphitization limit lie, so that the disadvantage of poor adsorption results due to graphitized Fibers is avoided.
Die zusammenhängende flächige Form des erfindungsgemäß hergestellten aktivierten Produktes erlaubt auch eine leichte Regenerierung und durchgreifende Widerbelebung des Aktivkohleproduktes.The cohesive flat shape of the one produced according to the invention activated product also allows easy regeneration and thoroughgoing Revitalization of the activated carbon product.
Claims (28)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19803037582 DE3037582A1 (en) | 1980-10-04 | 1980-10-04 | Active carbon fabric - is of fibres which can be converted to active carbon |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19803037582 DE3037582A1 (en) | 1980-10-04 | 1980-10-04 | Active carbon fabric - is of fibres which can be converted to active carbon |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3037582A1 true DE3037582A1 (en) | 1982-05-19 |
Family
ID=6113622
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19803037582 Withdrawn DE3037582A1 (en) | 1980-10-04 | 1980-10-04 | Active carbon fabric - is of fibres which can be converted to active carbon |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE3037582A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3210070A1 (en) * | 1981-03-20 | 1982-11-18 | Toyo Boseki K.K., Osaka | PROTECTIVE MATERIAL |
FR2534283A1 (en) * | 1982-10-08 | 1984-04-13 | Toho Beslon Co | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBERS OR GRAPHITE FIBERS |
DE3346174A1 (en) * | 1983-12-21 | 1985-07-11 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen | Process for the production of an active carbon yarn |
EP0149333A2 (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-24 | C C Developments Limited | Carbonisable fabrics |
FR2599761A1 (en) * | 1986-06-04 | 1987-12-11 | Gosse Filature | TEXTILE THREAD FOR THE MAKING OF A FILTER LAYER BASED ON ACTIVE CARBON AND USE OF THIS THREAD |
DE4310110A1 (en) * | 1992-07-07 | 1994-01-13 | Kaercher Gmbh & Co Alfred | Multi-layer, textile, gas-permeable filter material against chemical pollutants |
WO1995006507A1 (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1995-03-09 | Peter Mitschke | Filtering device |
DE19607423A1 (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1997-09-04 | Hasso Von Bluecher | Laminated wallpaper and flooring material preventing emission of radon into buildings |
EP1029590A1 (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2000-08-23 | The BOC Group plc | Adsorbent fabric |
FR2935148A1 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2010-02-26 | Arkema France | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBERS |
-
1980
- 1980-10-04 DE DE19803037582 patent/DE3037582A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3210070A1 (en) * | 1981-03-20 | 1982-11-18 | Toyo Boseki K.K., Osaka | PROTECTIVE MATERIAL |
FR2534283A1 (en) * | 1982-10-08 | 1984-04-13 | Toho Beslon Co | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBERS OR GRAPHITE FIBERS |
DE3346174A1 (en) * | 1983-12-21 | 1985-07-11 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen | Process for the production of an active carbon yarn |
EP0149333A2 (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-24 | C C Developments Limited | Carbonisable fabrics |
EP0149333A3 (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1986-04-02 | C C Developments Limited | Carbonisable fabrics |
US4714649A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1987-12-22 | C.C. Developments, Limited | Carbonizable fabrics of activated, carbonized fibers and differently activated or unactivated fibers |
WO1987007657A1 (en) * | 1986-06-04 | 1987-12-17 | Gosse Filature | Textile yarn for producing a filter layer with an activated carbon base and use of said yarn |
FR2599761A1 (en) * | 1986-06-04 | 1987-12-11 | Gosse Filature | TEXTILE THREAD FOR THE MAKING OF A FILTER LAYER BASED ON ACTIVE CARBON AND USE OF THIS THREAD |
DE4310110A1 (en) * | 1992-07-07 | 1994-01-13 | Kaercher Gmbh & Co Alfred | Multi-layer, textile, gas-permeable filter material against chemical pollutants |
WO1995006507A1 (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1995-03-09 | Peter Mitschke | Filtering device |
DE19607423A1 (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1997-09-04 | Hasso Von Bluecher | Laminated wallpaper and flooring material preventing emission of radon into buildings |
EP1029590A1 (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2000-08-23 | The BOC Group plc | Adsorbent fabric |
FR2935148A1 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2010-02-26 | Arkema France | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CARBON FIBERS |
EP2159309A1 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2010-03-03 | Arkema France | Method for manufacturing carbon fibres |
WO2010023403A1 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2010-03-04 | Arkema France | Method for manufacturing carbon fibers |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |