DE3006718A1 - METHOD FOR PREPARING A LIQUID FROM ACCURATELY DOSED INGREDIENTS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for preparing a

Fluid, in particular a liquid from precisely dosed

Components such as a device for carrying out the method.

The method and device of the invention are particularly suitable for the preparation of dialysate solutions for use in Dialysis, ultrafiltration and the like.

In various areas of the chemical industry there is an increasing need for methods and devices that have a allow easy and precise control of the concentration of components of a solution, as well as the preparation of different ones Reagents and in particular dialysate solutions for use in the control and monitoring of metabolic functions, for example in artificial kidney systems. To produce such dialysate solutions of constant concentration is it is known to use methods in which the amount of concentrate or solid ingredients and liquid diluent ingredients measured separately from one another by means of a metering pump or the like and then mixed with one another. Such a method is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,804,107. The disadvantage of such a process is that that it is necessary to precisely measure the individual amounts of the concentrate and the liquid diluent components, which is why a comparatively complicated apparatus is required to carry out such a process. Disadvantageous at Such a procedure is also that solutions with imprecise concentrations are often produced, especially when when the difference in the amounts of the liquid components is large and when the components are mixed under conditions in which the components are in contact with a gas, e.g. air, causing parts of the gas in undesirable ways are introduced into the liquid to be produced.

Furthermore, a patient undergoing dialysis by an artificial Need to be taken to the hospital several times a week to avoid lengthy hemodialysis treatments.

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that naturally disturb the daily routine of his life. To treat the patient at home too what is required is a compact dialysis machine that is easy to operate and accurate works, which is why the development of such a dialysis machine has long been a desired goal.

US Patents 4,037,616 and 4,096,059 disclose a method and apparatus for metering and mixing liquids known using a double furious piston-cylinder unit. In the case of the one described in these patents However, it is difficult to process the proportions of the components during continuously repeated operations to change. From published Japanese patent application (Kokai) No. 72379/1977 is also a closed circulatory system for simultaneous dialysis and ultrafiltration known.

The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device which allow liquids in a simple manner made from precisely dosed ingredients.

The invention relates to a method and a device for performing the method as characterized in the claims are.

Accordingly, the subject matter of the invention is a method of preparation a fluid of precisely measured or dosed components, in which two or more of the components the liquid to be produced or the fluid to be produced in at least one closed container of a certain Volume feeds for the purpose of filling the closed container and the liquid obtained or the fluid obtained withdraws from the fed and mixed components from the container. The procedure is characterized by that one or more of the constituents from which the liquid or fluid is formed in predetermined Quantities, the sum of which is insufficient to fill the entire volume of the container, in one or several times before or

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while the other ingredient is being fed into the container, feeding into the container and the other ingredient being fed into the container feeds into the container in an amount sufficient to fill the remaining volume or volume of the container.

The invention also relates to a device for producing a liquid or a fluid from precisely dosed ingredients with at least one closed container of a certain volume for the reception of two or several components of the liquid to be produced or of the fluid to be produced, at least one device part for the introduction of one or more of the ingredients into the container in predetermined amounts, the sum of these amounts is not sufficient to fill the entire volume of the container, with the feeding in one time or in several portions can take place before or during the feeding of the other component into the container, with a device part for introducing the other ingredient into the container in an amount sufficient to fill the remaining volume of the container and device parts for dispensing or ejecting the generated or formed liquid from the metered components from the container.

The method and device of the invention can be used in a particularly advantageous manner in the context of artificial kidney systems for hemodialysis and for the purpose of monitoring metabolic functions.

The drawings serve to explain the invention in more detail. In detail are shown in:

FIG. 1A shows a schematic view of a device according to the invention;

Figure 1B is a schematic view of a further embodiment a device according to the invention;

Figure 2A is a schematic view of a piston-cylinder unit, which as a closed container in the context of the invention

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Procedure can be applied;

Figure 2B is a schematic view of a unit with a bellows, which in the context of the method according to the invention as a closed Container can be used;

Figure 3 is a schematic view of a system for the separation of constituents of a liquid or a fluid, which in can advantageously be used as an artificial kidney system, using a device according to the invention;

FIGS. 4A and 4B are graphs showing the change in osmotic pressure as a function of the duration of dialysis illustrate;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view which illustrates the type of feed of a liquid component according to an embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a graph which illustrates the change in the number of revolutions of a motor over the course of the dialysis period and

FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 further configurations of the supply or feed of the liquid components in the container of a device according to the invention.

In the following, particularly advantageous embodiments of the The method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are described in more detail.

The device shown in Figure 1A is a closed one Container A with an internal cavity roughly or approximately spherical in shape and of constant volume. The container A has two chambers 2a and 3a, which are separated from one another by a partition, which consists of a stretching or flexible silicone rubber diaphragm 1a may exist, this Diaphragm 1a can be displaced or expanded over the entire area of the cavity. The device also has

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a three-way solenoid valve 4a through which fluids fed into the container and withdrawn from it. The feed line 14 through which the container A is fed is composed of a feed line 21 for feeding a liquid diluent component and a supply line 22 for feeding in a liquid concentrate component, wherein in the supply line 22 regulating or shut-off valves and 24 are built and a piston pump 25 of the injection syringe type. The device also has a discharge or discharge line 73a for dispensing the liquid from the Chamber 2a, which is connected to the three-way solenoid valve 4a and a suitable pump 74 is connected. Pie chamber 3a has an outlet 71a, the displacement or adjustment of the Diaphragm 1a allows.

When the liquid that has been filled into the chamber 2a has been withdrawn by the pump 24 and xrenn from a central, control system, not shown, a start signal has been given when the diaphragm 1a comes into contact with the left Side of the inner wall of the container A is located, the three-way solenoid valve 4a is actuated and the feed begins of the liquid diluent component through line 21 by actuation of a suitable one, not shown Pump or by actuating a valve, not shown. Subsequently, the piston pump 25 is put into operation, whereby the liquid concentrate component, the amount of which has already been measured, is fed into the chamber 2a.

The diaphragm 1a, which is in close contact with the left side of the inner wall of the container A, is displaced when the diluent component and the concentrate components flow into chamber 2a.

When the diaphragm 1a is finally brought into contact with the right side of the inner wall of the container A, the Interrupted supply of the liquid components, both

for example ^ a hold signal from a not shown by means of

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Signal generator in accordance with the display of a no pressure measuring device shown. The liquid obtained can then be of precisely monitored or precisely controlled concentration, if required, withdrawn via the delivery line or drain line 73a by starting up the pump 74 will.

When all the liquid is drained, the diaphragm 1a comes into contact with the left side of the inner wall of the container A brought. At this point in time, the change in the pressure gauge display is transmitted to the central control system, see above that in turn a signal is emitted from the central control system by which the described operation is repeated.

If necessary, the device can be in a suitable location the discharge line have an additional container or a bore, which or which optionally have a stirrer can to ensure uniform mixing. On the other hand, however, the individual components can, for example can also be mixed together uniformly by shaking or moving the container Λ. In the event that the manufactured If the liquid is used as the dialysate solution, a heater for controlling the temperature can be installed at a suitable location Solution can be placed to monitor the patient's body temperature. Finally, it can also be used if necessary a device for separating gas may be provided in the liquid supply line to improve the accuracy of the concentration to increase the produced liquid.

As was explained with reference to Figure 1Λ, the Inflow of the liquid components into the chamber 2a started when the diaphragm 1a comes into contact with the left side of the inner wall of the container A is located. The influx continues until the diaphragm 1a is in close contact with the right one Side of the inner wall of the container A is brought. As a result, the total amount of liquid components that are in the Chamber 2a is fed, constant. As a result, it is possible by feeding a predetermined amount of a liquid

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the concentrate component to obtain a liquid of constant concentration via line 22 for each operation, without the amount or the rate of supply of the liquid diluent component supplied via line 21 must be controlled. The use of a positive displacement pump, a metering pump or the like is not and especially when a pump of the type that allows liquid backflow, e.g., a centrifugal pump it is not necessary to stop the pump from operating. As a result, there is the invention Device from an inexpensive and compact device.

Since the chamber 2a is in a closed system and the contents of this chamber do not come into contact with the air, there is no inclusion of air, which in turn enables precise control of the concentration of the liquid produced. Of further, the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are particularly advantageous for Preparing solutions that present difficulties, such as precipitation when the solution is not in a used for a short period of time after its manufacture.

Of course, it is required that the start of feeding the diluent ingredient and the concentrate ingredients into Agreement with the start signal of the central control system takes place and that the supply of the liquid concentrate component is terminated before the diaphragm comes into close contact with the right side of the inner wall of the closed container. According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention terminates the supply of the liquid concentrate component before the supply of the liquid diluent component is complete. As a result, it is possible to complete or stop the supply of the liquid concentrate component before using the supply of the liquid diluent component is started. On the other hand, it is also possible to use the liquid concentrate component at the same time as the liquid diluent component

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to feed. Alternatively, the concentrate component can be fed in at an appropriate point in time during the period of the addition of the diluent component. The liquid concentrate components can be fed in all at once or in parts.

When feeding two or more liquid concentrate ingredients it is possible to feed through several feed lines 22 to be carried out. Furthermore, it is also possible to use one instead of the liquid concentrate component to use solid particulate component.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1B of an inventive The device is the opening 71a of the chamber 3a to the feed line 14 and the discharge line 73a via another Three-way solenoid valve 5a connected. In the case of this Design of a device according to the invention, the feeding of the liquid components and the subsequent Repeat the withdrawal of the liquid obtained alternately in the chambers 2a and 3a with each displacement of the diaphragm 1a.

The closed container of a certain volume is not like a closed container A with a diaphragm 1a shown in Figure 1A, limited. Rather, the container for example also consist of a container of the type shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.

In the case of the embodiment shown in Figure 2A, there is the container consists of a cylinder-piston unit, the head piece 32 being caused by a reciprocating movement of a piston rod 31 is moved back and forth. In the case of the container shown in Figure 2B, a bellows 35 is driven by a rack and pinion mechanism or a propeller mechanism 34 expands and contracts, alternately or sequentially Revolutions of a pulse motor or an Argus tube or an intermittent air jet engine 33. In both cases it is necessary to keep the total amount of liquid to be introduced into the respective canisters constant, and as a result-

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the flub or thrust of the head piece 32 is defined by Limit switch 36 and a pin 37 in the case of the embodiment shown in Figure 2Λ and the stroke of the bellows 35 in the The case of the embodiment shown in Figure 2B is defined by the frequency of the pulses from the pulse motor or Argus tube 33.

It is known that artificial Mieren of various types are known, for example of the so-called. Hollow fiber type, coil type and Plate type. Reference is made, for example, to HS-PS 3 722 6P5. If such artificial kidneys are used for hemodialysis, in this way they remove disruptive components and 'Yasser from the blood Dialysis and ultrafiltration. In such a hemodialysis it is necessary that the dialysate solution has a predetermined concentration has that the ultrafiltration rate can be precisely controlled and that the dialysis efficiency is high. If the concentration of the dialysate solution is inaccurate, it can be accepted normal metabolism between the dialysate solution and the blood cannot be achieved and in addition to this can occur in the patient Balance disorders occur, such as headaches or nausea, or the patient can even be in mortal danger get through the occurrence of abnormal osmotic blood pressure and due to abnormal water balance in the cells. Is the monitoring of the ultrafiltration speed inaccurate, the water content in the body fluid can change, which does not improve the patient's condition will. Furthermore, a poor dialysis efficiency can lead to an unsatisfactory removal of interfering components in the blood lead to an extremely long dialysis.

The method and device according to the invention can be used in a particularly advantageous manner in the context of artificial kidney systems for the purpose of controlling and monitoring metabolic functions. One such artificial kidney system is compact and inexpensive and enables the automatic preparation of a dialysate solution of a predetermined concentration and the Measure and monitor the ultrafiltration rate without reducing the effectiveness of dialysis. In particular, has

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within the scope of the extensive research on the applicability of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention on artificial kidney systems show that the present invention is particularly advantageous within the scope of the aforementioned closed simultaneous dialysis and ultrafiltration systems can be used, for example, as described in more detail in the known Japanese patent application (Kokai) No. 79732/1977.

In a system for separating components of a liquid by bringing the liquid to be treated into contact with a dialysate solution through a semi-permeable membrane in a dialysis cell for the purpose of performing hemodialysis is consequently created a closed circuit by connection of the dialysate inlet of a dialysis cell with one chamber of a dialysate container with two chambers that are separated from one another a partition are separated, wherein at least a part of the partition is displaceable or displaceable and connection of the dialysate outlet the dialysis cell with the other chamber of the dialysate container, with a flow of the dialysate solution in the closed Circulation is effected by displacing at least a part of the partition wall or in some other way, for example by means of a Pump so that the dialysate solution is fed into the dialysis cell and discharged from the dialysis cell. In the case of such System, it can be advantageous to enable the practical implementation of a hemodialysis, two or more dialysate containers to be provided so that the dialysate solution can be prepared repeatedly.

An embodiment of such a system is shown schematically in FIG shown, in which case the dialysate container Λ and B have the same structure as the container A in Figure 1A illustrated embodiment. The corresponding containers A and B repeat the same operations alternately, in agreement with the actuation of the solenoid valves 4a, 4b, 5a and 5b.

In the case of FIG. 3, the container B is connected to a dialysis cell 7. The dialysate solution generated in the chamber 2b of the container B is circulated in a closed circuit by the pump 6

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via the solenoid valve 4b, the dialysis cell 7, the flow meter 8, the device 9 for separating gas from the liquid and the solenoid valve 5b in the chamber 3b of the container B. convicted. As a result, the amount of "used" fluid that is transferred from the dialysis cell 7 into the chamber 3b is identical to the amount of dialysate solution that is transferred from the chamber 2b into the dialysis cell 7, \\ robei this amount the Volume corresponds to the displacement or displacement of the diaphragm 1b. Part of the dialysate solution is closed from deip Circuit withdrawn by a positive displacement pump 10, then water of the same volume as the withdrawn dialysate solution from the blood in a line 11 to the dialysate solution via a semi-permeable membrane in the dialysis cell 7. the Ultrafiltration rate. (I.e. the speed of the Water removal) can thus be achieved by adjusting the conveying speed of the pump 10.

While the method described is being carried out, the dialysate container A is connected to the dialysate container B and the dialysis cell 7 is interrupted by the solenoid valves 4a and 5a and is used to prepare a fresh dialysate solution by introducing precisely dosed components into the Chamber 2a used, while "used" dialysate solution of chamber 3a is drawn off by the pump 74. Then the Fresh dialysate solution prepared in chamber 2a for dialysis by switching over the solenoid valves 4a, 4b, 5a and 5b in the im Can be used in connection with FIGS. 1A and 1B.

When the entire amount of the dialysate solution of the chamber 2b has been transferred into the dialysis cell 7, the diphragma arrives 1b in contact with the left side of the inner wall of the container B as shown in FIG. Under these conditions a float 15 sinks in the flow meter 8 down, since the flow of the solution is interrupted and actuates a pair photoelectric detectors 16. A signal from these detectors operates the solenoid valves 4a, 4b, 5a and 5b, changing the Connections from the solid lines to the dashed lines, whereby the chamber 2a of the container A, the

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is filled with fresh dialysate solution, connected to the dialysis cell-7 while a fresh dialysate solution is generated in container B and the "used" dialysate solution is fed to the drain line. The "used" pialysate solutions can of course after appropriate work-up be used again. From the above it follows that the preparation of the pialysate solution in the chamber 2a must be completed before the pialysate solution of chamber 2b has been completely consumed, i.e. the switching signal of the Solenoid valves has been delivered.

The dialysate solution is generally under a negative pressure in the dialysis cell. If gas is formed in the Dialysate solution or gas is introduced into the dialysate solution due to a leak in the closed circuit the amount of ultrafiltered material in relation to the amount conveyed by the pump 10 in an undesirable manner reduced by the amount corresponding to the volume of the gas present in the dialysate solution. The device 9 is used the removal of such a gas. It has a float and a solenoid valve 18. The accumulation of gas in the Dialysate solution can be determined by the float 17 falling. The gas is released by opening the solenoid valve 18 removed.

In a system like the one described, it is possible to closely monitor the degree of water removal and to carry out an effective one Carry out dialysis treatment without reducing the dialysis effectiveness due to contamination "staining" of the dialysate solution.

Usual known devices for the preparation of liquids with precise concentrations, such as dialysate solutions, have, as already stated, various disadvantages based on the fact that they are expensive, bulky, inaccurate work or are unreliable. These disadvantages can be overcome by the

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Overcoming Invention. According to the invention, a liquid Easily produced from precisely dosed ingredients by using a closed container of a certain volume. That is, it is not necessary to feed the liquid diluent component in regulated amounts, unless the container is completely filled with this component. This is a great benefit in terms of home treatment by patients who require hemodialysis treatment, as home treatment usually uses tap water as a liquid Dilution component is carried out and difficulties may arise as a result, for example by change the water pressure or interruption of the water supply. It is of course not necessary to use the liquid components to mix completely during the feeding of the ingredients, however, the ingredients should expediently up to that Time to be mixed at which the liquid obtained is used for dialysis.

In the case of the method according to the invention, the composition can the liquid obtained can optionally be changed by changing the proportions of the liquid components be or in that two or more feed lines are provided for the concentrate components and the Quantities of the concentrate components supplied through the corresponding feed lines are changed / grounded. In case of a In practice, hemodialysis is a dialysate solution of a constant concentration, which is created by dilution a commercially available concentrate liquid has been prepared to a specified concentration for all to be treated Patients used regardless of their different conditions. This is because it is difficult to do that To change the composition of the dialysate solution for each patient, in the case of the method according to the invention, such Easily fix difficulties, however.

According to the invention, a surprising advantage can be achieved by that the proportions of the liquid components or one or more of the components can be changed as desired, even during dialysis treatment.

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Generally, a patient has chronic kidney failure suffers from an osmotic pressure of about 335 mOsm / 1 the accumulation of metabolic components in the blood while a man with normal kidney function has osmotic pressure of about 285 mOsm / 1. However, the osmotic pressure (X) of usual dialysate solutions set to a constant value of about 285 mOsm / 1 to the osmotic pressure of the blood of a Man with normal kidney function when dialysis is finished. Because of this, the following disadvantages may arise.

The low molecular weight "waste" components, including urea, which significantly increase the osmotic pressure (Y) of the blood of a patient suffering from renal failure, are removed at a comparatively early stage of dialysis With the removal of the metabolic constituents of low molecular weight, the osinotic pressure of the blood decreases rapidly, as illustrated in Figure 4A In contrast, the osmotic pressure (Z) in the cells is still high at this point as the The transfer of metabolic constituents from these cells into the blood is relatively slow. As a result, water that is naturally transferred from the cells to the blood can, conversely, be transferred from the blood to the cells, which can lead to a balance disorder or an equilibrium syndrome in the patient This disadvantage can be remedied by adjusting the osmotic pressure (X ¹ ) the dialysate solution, at the beginning of dialysis to a value which corresponds to the osmotic pressure (Y ') of the blood and a gradual reduction in the osmotic pressure (X ¹ ) of the malysate solution, as illustrated in FIG. 4B. However, such a procedure is too complicated to be implemented with the devices available up to now.

According to the invention, such a procedure can be carried out easily.

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As can be seen from FIG. 5, in the feed line 22 for the liquid concentrate component (reference is also made to FIG. 1A etc.) a piston pump 25 with a piston rod 41 with a rack and pinion mechanism 42, the rotary motion of a pulse motor or Argus tube (pulse motor) 43 is converted into the linear movement of the piston rod 41. Of the Motor 43 rotates alternately in one direction and in the opposite direction according to the number of pulses triggered by a pulse generator 44.

If the changeover signal is given for the containers, then triggered by the pulse generator 44 a predetermined number of pulses that the rotation of the pulse motor 43 in one direction cause. As a result, the liquid concentrate component is dosed by the piston pump 25 via a Valve 24 and line 22 fed into line 14. If the pulses reach a prescribed number, i.e. when the Feeding in a prescribed amount of the liquid concentrate component is ended, the pulse generator outputs the same number of pulses to the motor 43, so that this in reverse Direction rotates, whereby a new liquid concentrate component is supplied via the valve 23 of the pump 25. When the pulses again reach a predetermined number, i.e., when a predetermined amount of the liquid concentrate ingredient has been fed, the rotation of the motor 43 is interrupted and, if necessary, an additional one is made Supply of liquid concentrate component into line 14.

The number of pulses supplied to the pulse motor 43 is determined electronically or mechanically of a programmer 45 and gradually decreases as the dialysis progresses, as shown in FIG. This means, that the stroke of the piston rod 41 is reduced and the amount of liquid concentrate component that is passed through the pump the line 14 is gradually decreased according to the set program. On the other hand, however, it is also possible to adjust the amount of liquid concentrate ingredient

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Change the number of strokes or strokes of the pump 25 to change.

The dilution component which is supplied via line 21 need not consist of pure water, but can rather, for example, also consist of a solution of suitable dissolved constituents.

In the case of a dialysate solution, for example, in which the osmotic Pressure is set to 285 mOsm / 1 and that via the feed line 21 should be fed in for feeding the liquid diluent component and a salt solution Concentration of, for example, 10% that passes through the feed line 22 is to be fed in for the liquid concentrate component when the volume of the dialysate container A is 500 ml the amount of saline solution fed should be gradually reduced from 797 ml at the start of dialysis to 0 ml when the dialysis is interrupted, corresponding to the line X in Figure 4B.

Another problem arises during dialysis treatment on that an equilibrium syndrome or an equilibrium disorder may occur due to an accumulation of acetate or a metabolism of acetate containing the dialysate solution as a buffer component has been added. To avoid this problem it has been found desirable to use bicarbonate instead of acetate to use. However, it is known that bicarbonate ions are easily converted into carbonate ions and that carbonate ions easily form bonds with calcium ions that may be present in the dialysate solution, generating precipitates.

This problem can also be solved in an advantageous manner by the present invention. An increase in the pH of the Dialysate solution can be avoided in the manner described below with reference to FIG.

Via the feed line 21 for the liquid diluent component becomes a solution containing sodium ions at a concentration of 110 meq / 1 and an osmotic pressure

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of 237 mOsm / 1 supplied. This solution can contain, for example, 3 meq / l lactic acid to adjust the pH and can for example be adjusted to a pH of about 4.5, so that the pH of the solution after the addition of a bicarbonate solution is 7.0 to 7, 5 lies. To the lactic acid solution, a solution containing 7% sodium bicarbonate as bicarbonate solution is then fed via the pump 25 so that a dialysate solution is obtained which has a sodium ion concentration of 135 meq / 1, a bicarbonate ion concentration of 29 meq / 1 and an osmotic pressure of 286 mOsm / 1.

In this way, dialysis can be carried out without precipitation of calcium bicarbonate, since the sodium bicarbonate solution is added to a solution having a pH adjusted to an appropriate value before the supply of the solution takes place in the dialysate container. On the other hand, the problem of corrosion of the line system of the device can in turn Use of lactic acid for an extended period of use appear. This problem can again be solved as will be explained below with reference to FIG.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 7 of an inventive In addition to the feed line 22 for a liquid concentrate component, the device is a further feed line 51 provided for a further liquid concentrate component, this line 51 valves 52 and 53 as well as a Has piston pump 54. Water is supplied via a line 61 and carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the water from a gas cylinder 62 fed through a mixer 63 and dissolved in the water. The water containing the dissolved carbon dioxide gas is then by means of a heater 64 heated. Furthermore, the pressure is reduced to a negative pressure of by a pressure reducing valve 65 minus 600 mmilg. So there is something in this liquid Contain gas, namely air and undissolved carbon dioxide gas. This liquid is then compressed by a pump 67 and the gas is removed by means of a device 68 for separating gas from a liquid. Thereupon the liquid the feed line 21 for feeding the liquid dilution component fed. A liquid concentrate ingredient,

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the amount of which has been measured by the pump 25 and which does not contain lactic acid is fed in via the line 22 and a sodium bicarbonate solution, the amount of which is determined by the pump 54 is metered is fed in via line 51. The positions of the lines 22 and 51 can be different.

In this way, the precipitation of carbonate is due to the acidic pH caused by the dissolved carbon dioxide is avoided. It is necessary to place the heater 64 above the position where the sodium bicarbonate is added to avoid the precipitation of bicarbonate on the heater surface and the carbonization of glucose. As beneficial it has been found that the heater 64 is positioned above the pump 67 to ensure effective removal of the gas. The amount of carbon dioxide can be adjusted so that the final partial brug of the carbon dioxide gas is from 30 to 60 mmHg.

As already explained with reference to FIG. 6, x / urde, can the osmotic pressure of a dialysate solution as described by changing the amount of injected liquid concentrate component to be changed. The liquid concentrate injected by the pump 25 need not consist of a saline solution, but can for example also from a solution of for example Glucose, sodium bicarbonate, or a mixture thereof. The injection of the liquid concentrate can, for example using a syringe type plunger pump 25 after a predetermined amount of the liquid concentrate has been measured out. On the other hand, the predetermined Amount of liquid concentrate can also be gradually added in proportions, for example by means of a constant feed pump, including a so-called measuring pump or a positive displacement pump, for example a diaphragm pump or a bellows pump .

The pump 25 and motor 43 shown in Figure 5 need not consist of an injection type piston pump, respectively consist of a pulse motor. Rather, it is possible instead of the

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to take other measures that allow the supply of the liquid concentrate in a constant amount. For example, a conventional positive displacement pump can be used as the pump and an induction motor, direct current motor or a synchronous motor can be used as the motor 43, it being possible for the pump to be connected directly to the motor. In case of using an induction motor or a DC motor, the feeding or injection of the liquid concentrate can be interrupted ^T \\ hen the revolutions of the engine reach a predetermined number. On the other hand, if a synchronous motor is used, the amount of liquid concentrate fed in can be controlled by regulating the duration of the injection.

To two or more liquid concentrates or concentrate components It is not always necessary to use several piston pumps as in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. Rather, for example, vrie it in Figure 8 is shown, solenoid valves 81 and 82 be arranged above the regulating valve 23 and a liquid concentrate M can first be fed in in a predetermined amount by opening valve 81 and closing valve 8 2 and then the other liquid concentrate M in a predetermined amount by opening the valve 82 and closing the valve 81. This means that, for example, two liquid concentrates or liquid concentrate components one after the other by means of a pump can be fed in.

Furthermore, it is not always necessary to switch off the pump 25, as shown in Figure 5 after a predetermined amount of the liquid concentrate has been fed. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 9, a Circuit 91 with a solenoid valve 92 and another solenoid valve 93 may be provided. While the pump 2 5 continuously works, the liquid concentrate can be fed in by opening valve 93 and closing the valve take place, whereupon the feed can be interrupted by

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Opening the valve 92 and closing the valve 93 while circulating the liquid concentrate in the circulation line 91.

The method and device of the invention can be used in many ways, advantageously also in the case of other artificial organic or clinical systems, for example systems with an artificial liver.

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Claims (28)

Reg. No. 126 074 ■ - PATENTANWÄLTE H.Bartels TOMY INDUSTRIES, INC. 2, Nihonbashi Muromachi 2-chome, Dipl-Phys. Wolff Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan 8 Munich 22, ThierschstraBe Tel. (089) 293297 Telex 0523325 (patwo d) Telegram address: Process for preparing a liquid woiffpatent, some from precisely dosed components as well as »" 7Hv, ™▶ (ril., ^ 1 oUU TOO / U) Device for carrying out the procedure Deutsche Bank ag, ° (BLZ 60070070) Office hours: 8 a.m. to 12 p.m., 1 p.m. to 4.30 p.m. except Saturdays PATENT CLAIMS February 20, 1980 25/2 1. Process for preparing a liquid from precisely dosed Constituents, in which two or more of the constituents of the liquid to be produced are enclosed in at least one Containers of a certain volume feeds and the liquid obtained from the fed and with each other mixed constituents withdrawn from the container, characterized in that one or more of the constituents from which the liquid is formed in predetermined amounts, the sum of which is insufficient to make up the entire volume of the container to fill, in one go or in portions, before or while the other ingredient is being fed into the container feeds the container and that one feeds the other ingredient into the container in an amount sufficient to the to fill the remaining volume or volume of the container. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual components of the liquid in at least one container with two chambers, which are separated from each other by a partition, of which at least a part under change the corresponding volumes of the two chambers is displaceable or displaceable, so that the increase in volume the one chamber leads to a decrease in the volume of the other chamber, the introduction of the liquid components into a chamber of the container and the subsequent discharge 130036/0201 300671a of the liquid obtained by a corresponding displacement or displacement of at least part of the partition is effected. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the introduction of the liquid components and the subsequent ejection of the liquid obtained itfird alternately in the corresponding chambers of the container repeatedly. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the Partition is formed from a diaphragm, a piston or a bellows. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more of the ingredients are concentrate ingredients and another component is a dilution component. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the method is repeated several times and the? Length of one or the amount of several of the concentrate components supplied is changed according to the requirements of the individual case will. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the amount or amounts are gradually reduced. 8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the amount or amounts are changed periodically. 9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that two or more concentrate components are separated from each other in inserted into the container. TO. A method according to claim 5 characterized in that gas is introduced into the diluent component. 11. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a pair of containers is provided, the container operated alternately will. 130036/0201 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the liquid obtained, the alternating of the corresponding Containers is dispensed in a closed circulatory system with a dialysis cell and the containers under implementation hemodialysis. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that a Part of the circulating liquid is diverted from the closed circulatory system. 14. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that gas present in the circulating liquid from the closed Circulatory system is withdrawn. 15. Device for preparing a liquid from precisely dosed Ingredients according to claims 1 to 14 with at least one closed container of a certain volume for the inclusion of two or more components of the liquid to be produced; a supply line with at least a device for feeding one or more ingredients into the container in predetermined amounts, the Sum is not enough to make up the entire volume of the container in one time or in proportions in front of or in front of the other Component is fed into the container to fill; a device for introducing the other component into the container in an amount sufficient to fill the remaining volume of the container and a dispensing line for the delivery of the liquid obtained from the measured and mixed components from the container. 16.Vorrichtung according to claim 15, characterized in that the container has two chambers which are separated from one another by a partition, of which at least a part is below Change of the corresponding volumes of the two chambers is displaceable or displaceable, so that the enlargement of the Volume of one chamber leads to a decrease in the volume of the other chamber, with the introduction of the liquid components into one chamber of the container and the subsequent one 130036/0201 - 4 - 3008711 Ejection of the liquid obtained and a corresponding shift or displacement of at least part of the Partition is effected. 17. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that each of the two chambers to the supply line and the discharge line are connected. 18. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the partition is formed from a diaphragm, a piston or a bellows. 19. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that at least one of the devices for feeding in one or more components is a positive displacement pump which measures a certain amount of an ingredient and the measured amount of the ingredient into the container feeds. 20. Apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that the positive displacement pump is such that the output of the pump can be changed. 21. The device according to claim 20, - characterized in that the positive displacement pump is such that the discharge the pump is caused by changing the number of revolutions. 22. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that it has at least two Vorichtungsteile for separate introduction of two or more concentrate ingredients in the container. 23. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that it has a device part which is the feed of gas in the device part for feeding the dilution component made possible. 130036/0201 30D671 24. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that it has a pair of containers, the containers being able to be put into operation alternately from one another. 25. The device according to claim 24, characterized in that it has a dialysis cell which is attached to the two containers is connected to form a closed circuit in which the liquid obtained, alternating from the two containers is circulated while performing hemodialysis. 26. The device according to claim 26, characterized in that it has a device part for branching off part of the having circulating liquid from the closed circuit. 27. The device according to claim 25, characterized in that it has a further device part for removing in the circulating liquid has gas present. 28. The device according to claim 19, characterized in that the positive displacement pump has two or more inlet Iftitungen with valves through which the feeding of the pump is controlled. 130036/0201