DE29924570U1 - Cable end connection which is protected against corrosion - Google Patents

Abstract

A cable end connection comprises a cable end region (22) and an adaptor (21) which allows further sections to be connected. The adaptor and the cable end are fixed together in the longitudinal direction. The connection point (23) for the adaptor and cable end is surrounded by an elastic or deformable material mantle. INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of molding the connection point(23).

Description

• – Seilendverbindung wischen einem Seilende und einem Adapterteil, und
• – ein Form zum Umspritzen oder Umgießen einer solchen Seilendverbindung aus einem spritzfähigen Material.

The connection concerns one

• - Rope end connection between a rope end and an adapter part, and
• - A mold for encapsulation or encapsulation of such a cable end connection made of an injectable material.

Rope end connections are general necessary if at the end of a finite rope, wire, cable or similar other components must be attached.

This usually happens so that an adapter part is attached to the free end of the rope, which has a defined fastening opening, fastening thread or has another fastening device for further components to be arranged.

It is known the adapter part either pressed directly with the rope, or the end area of the rope as a loop around the adapter part, such as a thimble and the two rope areas together by a separate clamping part to squeeze.

In many applications, such Rope end connections also resistant to dynamic, especially longitudinal, but also in the transverse direction, loads occurring on the rope his.

This is one such application Measuring rope from displacement sensors or position sensors based on the measuring rope principle are built, in which the finite rope in a defined Winding is wound on a rope drum, which means Spring force is biased in the winding direction, which free end of the rope is attached to the object whose Position or path change monitored shall be.

Accordingly, there is one at the free end such measuring cables also have a cable end connection with a suitable one Adapter part available.

Especially with such measuring ropes there is the problem that the rope is comparatively thin is, and above all the rope end connection sufficiently against damaging External influences - corrosion as well as mechanical damage - be protected must, since otherwise the corresponding position sensor is not functional or delivers incorrect results.

Such mechanical damage can happen, for example, that the measuring rope in whole or partially extended state is accidentally released, and - accelerated through the spring preload of the winding drum - at high speed on the rope inlet opening the winding drum hits the only marginally is bigger than the rope diameter and therefore not from the rope end connection can be run through.

Depending on the direction of extension etc. high loads on the rope and in particular the rope end connection both lengthways of the rope as well as across it, which either let the rope tear, or loosen the rope end connection or let it rise, because at Impact on the rope duct the kinetic energy is reduced in a very short way.

To avoid this, it is so far known a spout made of elastic material such as rubber either at the inlet the winding drum or on the rope just before the rope end connection attached to reduce the deceleration values that occur. at huge extension lengths are such grommets not sufficient, and in particular there are additional disadvantages with this known solution:

When placing the rubber grommet on the rope inlet the winding drum occurs undesirably high friction during the normal function of the measuring cable sensor between the measuring cable and the rubber grommet.

When arranged on the measuring cable in the Close to the rope end connection surrounds the rubber grommet the measuring cable or the clamping part with which the measuring cable forms a loop is closed and jammed, only loosely. Accordingly, one is Relocation of the rubber grommet undesirably possible along the rope, and Contamination or corrosion in the clearance between the rubber grommet and Rope can penetrate to the connection point or occur there.

The manufacturing effort is also considerably since the rubber grommet before creating the rope end connection, i.e. attaching the Adapter part (eyelet, Threaded pin etc.) threaded onto the rope and then to Cable end connection must be pushed. The less it is Play between the inner contour of the rubber grommet and the outer contour the rope end connection is, the more difficult this postponement.

It is therefore the task according to the present Invention, a rope end connection and a device for it Creating which is easy and inexpensive to create is at the same time high functional reliability. Another job is for the case of overmolding or overmolding of the cable end connection an injection mold or casting mold to accomplish.

These tasks are characterized by the characteristics of the Expectations 1 and 18 solved. Advantageous embodiments result from the subclaims.

Through the use of a deformable, in particular tough, elastically or even plastically deformable, material on the rope end connection, this material ensures the destruction of kinetic energy - as it can occur when the rope end connection hits the rope inlet of the winding drum - to a high degree. By not only partially, but preferably An unintentional change in the position of this material is avoided and the load capacity of the rope end connection is increased.

If the material is even cohesive to the Rope end connection, i.e. the rope in the end area and / or the clamping part, which clamps the rope into a loop and / or the adapter part encloses is also the penetration of pollution between deformable Material and parts of the rope end connection avoided. Doing so under cohesive in particular a dense, void-free installation of the deformable Material on the parts of the rope end connection to understand how they pour themselves, Overmolding, encircling using shrink tubing or shrink film etc. results.

The making of the rope end connection is usually by overmolding or encapsulation with plastic inside a surrounding form. The shape is special longitudinal, in the direction of the rope, divided into at least two halves, which, when lying against each other, has the necessary freedom for what is to be manufactured Create molded part around the rope end connection as well as the free space to accommodate the adapter part. Also the outlet for the rope the rope end connection is on the contact level of the mold halves.

Additionally - is integrated in the form or spaced from the form - in alignment arranged a rope tensioner with the rope to the during the spraying process To move the rope away from the form so far that the rope and thus the End connection is overmolded in the tensioned state. To this end can - especially in open space for the adapter part - a Stop for fixing the adapter part in place. Plastic is usually a thermoplastic. When molding or casting the procedure is such that the elastic except for the surrounding elastic Material, i.e. the plastic, finished rope connection in the a mold half inserted, if necessary the adapter part against the stop of this one mold half, is going upstream the rope end connection existing rope through the outlet and Rope tensioner runs through. After the second half of the mold is set, with the heatable storage container for the plastic over a preferably short pipe or a pipe socket connected outlet nozzle to the open end of the injection channel of the mold, and the valve for the Supply of liquid or open at least doughy plastic. At the same time the injectable Plastic in the heated storage container exerted pressure and the required Amount of plastic pressed into the mold.

Previously, the rope was fixed using the Rope tensioners opposite the mold tensioned and kept in this state during the spraying process.

The free space for receiving the adapter part is opposite the freedom for the molded part is sealed, for example by the circumference of the adapter part self.

For faster cooling of the Molded part in the mold, the mold can be liquid-cooled. To curing of the molded part becomes the nozzle for the feed of the injectable Plastic, which with the heated storage container in Connection is established, lifted off the injection channel again, in particular together with the entire heated storage container.

An embodiment according to the invention is in the following as an example described. Show it:

1 : different rope end connections with differently designed adapter parts,

2 : a sectional view of an injection mold with an already overmolded mold end part, and

3 : a schematic representation of the spraying system.

The 1a - 1j each have a rope 30 at the end of the rope 22 an adapter part 21 is attached. The adapter parts are different, as is the fastening of the rope end area 22 on the adapter part: it can be directly attached e.g. B. by means of frictional jamming between the rope end area 22 and the adapter part 21 be present, or the rope end area is formed into a loop, which is positively connected to the adapter part, which by means of a separate clamping part 24 is frictionally jammed.

In 1a the adapter part is a vertebral nipple 32 , at one end an openable carabiner through a cross hole 3 is attached. At the other end - again through a cross hole - the rope end area 22 which can thereby be put in a loop. The loop is through a clamping part 24 jammed in the form of a commercially available clamping eyelet. The cylindrical molding 2 ranges from the vertebral nipple 32 , which is partially overmoulded, up to the normal range of the rope 30 , so that preferably the entire rope loop formed and thus also the clamping part 24 is overmolded. The molding 2 preferably has a larger outer diameter than the outer diameter of the vertebral nipple 32 ,

The same connection type is also included 1g before, the adapter part from a threaded bolt 8th with an external thread, and the transverse bore is arranged at the opposite end from the thread-side end. The external thread extends over more than half the length of the threaded bolt 8th up to the cross hole for the rope 30 ,

The diameter of the molded part 2 is again larger than the outside diameter of the threaded bolt 8th , and the molding 2 extends in longitudinal direction 20 down to the area of the external thread, creating a particularly tensile connection between the threaded bolt and the molded part 2 is achieved. The entire rope loop including the clamping part is also here 24 injected with.

1c shows a similar threaded bolt as an adapter part 5 , but without a cross hole at the cable end. Instead, a blind hole is made in the longitudinal direction in the threaded bolt in the end face facing the cable, in which the free end of the cable lies and preferably additionally fastened to this by squeezing this end part of the threaded bolt. Here, too, the end of the threaded bolt, from which the rope emerges, is covered with the molded part 2 , namely in the forward direction up to the area of the external thread of the threaded bolt 5 in, and in the opposite direction far enough beyond the rear end of the threaded bolt so that only the bare rope is covered there. The outer diameter of the molded part is also here 2 larger than the outside diameter of the threaded bolt. Exactly the same applies to the solution according to 1h , being on the front free end of the threaded bolt 5 already a clevis 10 is screwed on with a corresponding internal thread, which has a fork-shaped eyelet for attachment to another component.

The same way of fastening the rope end area 22 in the adapter part and the sheathing is also according to the solution 1b and 1d in front. There the rope end area is in a blind hole instead of in a threaded bolt directly in the blind hole 26 an eye bolt 4 or fork head 11 housed, which only have different external dimensions: In 1b has the rear end of the eye bolt, in which the blind hole for the rope end area 22 located, a relatively small outer diameter and thus a relatively small wall thickness around the rope end area 22 around so that mechanical crushing is possible here.

In addition, the area is below the eye is flared in the outer contour.

In contrast, according to the solution 1d the clevis 11 equipped with a relatively large diameter, which only changes conically into a smaller diameter in the area of the blind hole. The blind hole 26 and with it also the rope end area penetrate into the area of the larger diameter of the fork head 11 in front.

1f shows the jamming of the free rope end area 22 with a rope shoe 7 , this rope shoe 7 is designed as a bent sheet metal part. In the rear area, in which the connection to the rope is to be present, the laterally projecting parts of the sheet metal part are bent in a semicircular manner in a known manner and are at a distance from the central area of the rope shoe 7 , After inserting the rope end area at this distance, they can be pressed against the middle part and thus jam the rope end area 22 with the sheet metal part of the rope shoe 7 ,

The molding 2 encloses the entire clamping area including the free front end of the rope end area 22 , and reaches back over the rear end of the rope shoe 7 so that only the rope itself is still enclosed there for a sufficient distance.

In contrast, the solutions were sufficient 1b - 1d the sheathing does not necessarily extend to the front end of the rope, which is received in the blind hole.

Compared to the rope end connections described so far, the solutions are according to 1e and 1i This is a fundamentally different solution in that the rope end area is in turn laid and clamped to a loop, not only through a through hole of an adapter part, but around an adapter part, which has a fastening opening, which then itself lies within the rope loop formed comes.

In the case of the embodiment according to 1i the adapter is a thimble known per se, that is to say a drop-shaped bent part which is open in the middle and mostly made of sheet metal, around which the end part of the part is placed in a loop and by means of a clamping part 24 can be jammed into a loop. If the clamping part 24 sitting close enough to the thimble will make the thimble 17 positively held in the loop of the rope and cannot be removed from it. The sheathing with the molded part 2 , which in turn is preferably cylindrical in cross-section, covers the entire clamping part in the longitudinal direction, as well as the area of the parallel rope strands beyond the free end of the rope to the rear. In addition, the beginning of the loop area of the rope can be injected up to the thimble and sometimes also the thimble itself, up to the beginning of its fastening opening.

In contrast, the solution is according to 1e the rope end area in the form of a loop around a ring 6 laid around, which can be U-shaped or C-shaped in cross-section, as is the case with the thimble 17 is usually the case. Even a closed tubular cross section with only openings at the entry and exit points of the rope are for the ring 6 or the thimble 17 possible.

In contrast to the solution according to 1i is according to the ring 1e also the entire area of the ring over the entire cross-section, that is, in the inner circumference as well as in the outer circumference, encased or injected by the plastic. The sheathing in turn extends beyond the free end of the rope, and of course the entire clamping part is also 24 umman telt.

The material of the casing is made usually made of an elastic or even deformable material a plastic. this is usually a thermoplastic Plastic, especially a hot melt adhesive, that works at temperatures below 300 ° C, especially below 200 ° C, especially below 150 ° C is already low-viscosity dough or in particular sprayable. The viscosity at It is 200 ° C between 1,900 and 7,000 mPa.s., and the softening point is between 120 ° C and 175 ° C, especially between 140 ° C and 160 ° C.

The glass transition temperature is between –25 ° C and –42 ° C.

When making the jacket by injection in a form the spray pressure at most 100 bar, preferably at most 20 bar or preferably maximum 5 bar. The spray temperature is below 300 ° C, in particular below 250 ° C, especially below 150 ° C. The casing can also be coated instead of overmolding a shrink tube or a shrink film are produced, the more usual Way by heating is shrunk. Also cold compression of the casing material is possible.

2 shows an injection mold with the finished cable end connection located therein. The injection mold consists of two injection mold halves which are placed against one another and have essentially the same design 12 . 13 , with the one injection mold half 13 an injection channel 15 has, which leads from the inner space for the molded part or molded part to be produced to the outside.

On the one hand, there is a free space between the mold halves 28 for receiving the adapter part or at least part of the adapter part, and a separate space for the molded part to be produced.

The touch plane 27 between the two mold halves 12 . 13 runs through the center of the usually rotationally symmetrical free spaces. In the present case there is free space for the molded part 2 through the adapter part, in the case of 2 a we nipple 32 with a carabiner attached 3 towards the open space 28 to accommodate the carabiner 3 and part of the vertebral nipple 32 separated by in the transition area between the free space for the molded part 2 and the freedom 28 the vertebral nipple 32 can be recorded precisely. In the open space 28 for receiving the carabiner is also in one half of the mold 12 an attack 18 for hanging the carabiner for its position adjustment available. The rope leaves at the opposite end of the form 30 the shape through a spout 29 , and can be out of shape opposite the stop 18 be tensioned so that the subsequent overmolding takes place in the tensioned state of the rope, in which the swivel nipple is also 32 closes the passage between the two open spaces.

The outlet 29 should be at least a length of 5 times the diameter of the rope 30 own, and in diameter as exactly as possible the diameter of the rope 30 correspond to an escape of the plastic along the outer circumference of the rope at the outlet 29 to avoid.

The rope 30 is held in a tensioned state during spraying by placing the rope upstream of the rope end connection to be made in a rope tensioner 14 is held in the longitudinal direction, and this rope tensioner 14 for example by means of the force of one or more springs F is moved away from the form and tensioned against it.

In the outer circumference of the molded part 2 is also an annular groove, particularly in the rear area 19 formed by a corresponding annular projection in the surrounding molded body in order to be able to easily attach additional parts there later.

At the front end of the molded part 2 it is equipped with a bead protruding outward in a ring shape, with a rounded cross section, in order to protect the adapter part emerging there particularly reliably against mechanical damage.

3 shows the schematic representation of the spraying system, in the center of which is the longitudinally divisible mold 111 according to 2 is shown. The rope tensioner 14 is in for reasons of clarity 3 not shown, but the pneumatic cylinder 108 for moving the rope tensioner 14 in the tense from the relaxed position and vice versa. The pneumatic cylinder 108 is by means of the valve 107 driven.

The injection mold 111 is also with an in 2 Water cooling, not shown, in the form of a cooling circuit 116 equipped with dry cooler and shut-off valve.

The previous clamping of the rope in the rope tensioner, not shown 14 takes place by means of a separate pneumatic cylinder 106 that has a valve 105 is controlled.

Because the injection mold 1 is divided in the longitudinal direction and because of the better handling when inserting the parts, the plane of contact is horizontal, the upper part must be raised to remove the finished rope end connection. The one from the top of the injection mold 111 upward-pointing indicated injection channel 15 is therefore not constantly with the container 119 for the spray medium connected to a heater on its outer circumference 118 Is provided. Instead, it is located at the outlet of the container 119 a closable nozzle 112 that on the injection channel 15 after closing the mold can be put on what by means of the pneumatic cylinder 115 which happens by means of the valve 114 is controlled.

After spraying and cooling and solidifying the molded part, the nozzle 12 again to go up from the injection port 15 removed and the molded part, i.e. the entire rope end connection, ejected from the then opened mold with the help of the pneumatic cylinder 110 which from the valve 109 is controlled.

All pneumatic cylinders are supplied with compressed air from a central compressed air supply, the supply of which is via a main valve 101 can be shut off and before being fed to the injection molding machine via a central pressure reducer 2 is directed.

The pneumatic cylinder 104 causes the safety door of the injection molding machine to open or close, and is operated by a valve 103 driven.

2

molding

3

carbine

4

eyebolt

5

threaded bolt

6

ring

7

cable shoe

8th

threaded bolt

9

threaded bolt

10

clevis

11

clevis

12

Mold-half

13

Mold-half

14

tensioner

15

Injection channel

17

thimble

18

attack

19

ring groove

20

longitudinal direction

21

adapter part

22

cable end

23

junction

24

clamping part

25

free The End

26

blind

27

contact plane

28

free space

29

outlet

30

rope

31

torus

32

eddy nipple

33

eyelet

101

main valve

102

pressure reducer

103

Valve for the Open / close door function

104

pneumatic cylinder for the Open / close door function

105

Valve for the Rope clamp function

106

pneumatic cylinder for the Clamp rope function

107

Valve for the Rope tensioning function

108

pneumatic cylinder for the Tension rope function

109

Valve for the Evaluate the molded part function

110

pneumatic cylinder for the Eject molded part function

111

mold

112

jet

113

Storage container for spray material

114

Valve for the Raising / lowering the casting unit function

115

pneumatic cylinder for the Casting unit function / lower

116

Cooling circuit with dry cooler

117

Programmable Control (PLC)

118

heater

119

melt adhesive

F

feather

Claims (23)

Rope end connection with - one rope end area ( 22 ) and - an adapter part ( 21 ), which is used to attach other parts to the rope, the adapter part ( 21 ) and the rope end area ( 22 ) at least in the longitudinal direction ( 20 ) are firmly connected to each other, characterized in that the connection point ( 23 ) which the adapter part ( 21 ) and the rope end area ( 22 ) fixed against each other, at least partially encased by an elastic or deformable material. Cable end connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the deformable material is an elastic, in particular tough elastic Material and / or a plastically deformable material, in particular is a plastic, in particular a transparent plastic. Cable end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection point ( 23 ) is tightly surrounded by the deformable material. Cable end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection point ( 23 ) cohesive, especially good adhesive, is surrounded by the deformable material. Cable end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection point ( 23 ) is completely covered by the deformable material. Cable end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entire adapter part ( 21 ) is covered with the deformable material. Cable end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rope end connection a separate clamping part ( 24 ), which firmly clamps two points of the same rope end area laid to form a loop, the clamping part ( 24 ) is completely covered by the deformable material. Cable end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that the plastic is a hot melt adhesive. Cable end connection according to claim 8, characterized in that the hot melt adhesive at temperatures below 300 ° C, especially below 200 ° C, in particular below 150 ° C is already low-viscosity dough and in particular sprayable. Cable end connection according to claim 9 or 8, characterized in that the hot melt adhesive is heated in Condition with a low spray pressure of maximum 100 bar, preferably maximum 20 bar, preferably maximum 5 bar sprayable for spraying is in an injection mold. Rope end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rope with its free end ( 25 ) in a blind hole ( 2 B ) a clamping part ( 24 ) or the adapter part ( 21 ) ends and at least the mouth of the blind hole ( 26 ) is encased by the deformable material. Cable end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that such a large length of the cable end region ( 22 ) is encased by the deformable material that the force necessary to overcome the static friction between the rope and the deformable, encased material is at least 50%, in particular at least 80%, in particular at least 100% of the tensile strength of the rope ( 30 ) is. Rope end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rope ( 30 ) is a stranded rope consisting of several filaments, in particular twisted. Cable end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that the rope is made of metal. Cable end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the rope is made of a plastic, in particular a plastic that only from 150 ° C, especially from 200 ° C, especially from 300 ° C dough is there. Rope end connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rope end connection is solely due to the adhesion between the rope end area ( 22 ) and the surrounding deformable material. Mold for at least partially encapsulating a connection point ( 23 ) between an adapter part ( 21 ) and a rope end area ( 22 ), in particular according to the method according to one of the preceding method claims, with at least two injection mold halves ( 12 . 13 ) whose level of contact ( 27 ) parallel to the longitudinal direction ( 20 ) of the rope ( 30 ), characterized in that an injection mold half ( 12 respectively. 13 ) a stop ( 18 ) for hanging the adapter part ( 21 ) which is in the free space ( 28 ) and in particular via the contact level ( 27 ) protrudes. Mold according to claim 17, characterized in that the outlet ( 29 ) with which the mold halves ( 12 . 13 ) directly on the rope ( 30 ), an axial length corresponding to at least five times, in particular at least ten times, in particular at least 20 times the diameter of the rope ( 30 ) is. Mold according to one of the preceding mold claims, characterized in that the free space ( 28 ) for the adapter part ( 21 ) separated when the injection mold is closed, especially by the adapter part ( 21 ) itself is separated from the spray chamber ( 31 ). Mold according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shape by means of springs ( F ) opposite a rope stretcher ( 14 ) in which the upstream run of the rope ( 30 ) is held clamped, is kept at a distance. Mold according to one of the preceding mold claims, characterized in that the mold halves ( 12 . 13 ) or the molded parts are made of light metal, in particular aluminum, and in particular have a coating of a material with the lowest possible adhesion value, in particular PTFE. Mold according to one of the preceding mold claims, characterized in that the mold halves ( 12 . 13 ) made of metal, especially light metal, and has a wear-resistant coating on the contact surface to the molded part, which consists mainly of aluminum oxides, which is additionally coated on its free surface with a plastic based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Mold according to one of the preceding mold claims, characterized in that the molded parts from a mixture consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with minerals and / or Metals exist in powder or granule form.