DE29913331U1 - Hook tackle - Google Patents

Description

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WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH *··*'»·* *··* 5 ··* *♦*

P10124 W/SB/cb
12.05.98

Hook tackle

The present invention relates to a dual-function hook harness for carrying and operating a functional load, which preferably has a hook- or shackle-like support element and a preferably hook- or shackle-like functional element, in particular lifting and emptying a recyclables container, with a housing which has a pivotable support hook and an actuating hook which is displaceably mounted in the housing, wherein after or when the hook harness is placed on the load, the actuating hook can be hooked into the functional element and the support hook can be inserted into the support element by a controllable pivoting movement and wherein the actuating hook can be displaced to trigger an operating function of the load by the actuating force of a controllable actuating means which is supported on an abutment arranged on the housing.

Such hook rigging is generally known and is used, for example, to lift and empty a recycling container. In this example use, the hook rigging is arranged on the crane of a truck, which positions the recycling container over the container for emptying into a collection container mounted on the truck and then opens the floor, causing the contents of the recycling container to fall into the truck's collection container. Since there is usually no other person available to operate the floor release, both the crane operation and the release must be carried out by the truck driver.

WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH *.."..' *··* » ··* ··'

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In order to avoid having to leave the crane's driver's cab and thus to shorten the time required for emptying, the recycling containers are provided with a support element in the form of a hook or a shackle and, in addition, with a functional element arranged next to the support element, also in the form of a hook or shackle, via which the floor release can be triggered.

After approaching the recycling container, the driver and crane operator first inserts the operating hook into the functional element holder by placing the hook tackle sideways and swiveling the crane. The hook tackle, which is usually connected to the crane's traction system off-center, is then lifted, causing it to straighten up and, if attached off-center, to align itself through the pulling force so that the carrying hook is swiveled so that it also engages in the corresponding holder on the carrying element. The crane then lifts the recycling container over the collection container and the functional element is ^pulled upwards by lifting the operating hook, which in turn triggers the release mechanism for the folding floor of the recycling container.

In the known hook tackle, an actuating device is used to raise the operating hook and to pivot the carrying hook, which is usually designed as a piston/cylinder unit, which is actuated via the truck with hydraulic or pneumatic pressure to actuate corresponding control devices by the

WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH '..
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Only in exceptional cases does the driver have to leave the driver's cab in order to manually insert either the operating hook or the carrying hook.

The disadvantage of the known hook tackle is that two separate adjusting devices have to be used, which on the one hand increases the manufacturing costs for the hook tackle and the control effort on the truck and on the other hand creates the risk of incorrect operation with the associated training effort to avoid this.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved hook harness which can be produced cost-effectively and is as easy to use as possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that, in the hook tackle defined at the outset, the support hook can be pivoted by the force of a pivoting lever which can apply a moment to the support hook and the actuating means can exert the actuating force on the one hand on the pivoting lever ^and on the other hand indirectly or directly on the actuating hook, whereby the actuating force initially causes the pivoting movement and, through the pivoting movement, abutment against the abutment and then the displacement of the actuating hook.

Thanks to the inventive idea, a single actuating device is sufficient for the hook gear to realize the two necessary movements.

WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH ·..··..* *..' : ··* ··"

P10124 W/SB/cb

In a first stage, the adjusting device is used to engage the support hook in the support element of the recyclables container by pivoting it in. This pivoting movement of the support hook is limited by the abutment, so that the further drive movement of the adjusting device can be used to move the actuating hook vertically after the recyclables container has been lifted and positioned. Malfunctions are excluded because when the recyclables container is standing, the bottom that folds downwards cannot be unlocked and the force applied can therefore only be used to pivot the support hook in. After it has been placed on the abutment and when the recyclables container is lifted, the position of the support hook is determined on the one hand by the abutment and on the other hand by the weight of the load that holds the support hook in contact with the abutment, which in turn fixes the geometric position of the functional elements of the hook gear until the adjusting device is moved further.

In a preferred embodiment of the hook gear, * the swivel lever is mounted in the housing at a gear bearing point so that it can swivel around one of its ends and rests with its opposite end on a pressure surface of the support hook that is arranged off-center to the swivel axis of the support hook. This gives the swivel lever the function of a pressure tappet that presses the support hook into a vertical position when the pressure force of the actuating means is applied, which acts between the two ends of the swivel lever. The support hook has a cam surface for this purpose.

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on which the pivot lever is supported and on which it rolls or slides with a sliding surface during the movement of the support hook.

Since, with a tappet-like design of the pivot lever, the connection between the support hook and the pivot lever can only be subjected to pressure without additional connecting elements, the support hook is preferably additionally connected to the housing via a release spring, which pulls the support hook back to its original position when the pressure force exerted by the pivot lever is removed, thus enabling the support hook to be released automatically after the emptied recycling container has been put down. The release spring can be a helical spring or a spiral spring, for example.

What is particularly advantageous about this design is that, because the force can only be transmitted on one side, the abutment only acts as a support for the adjusting device and reverses the direction of the pressure force exerted by it and does not have to absorb the weight of the load hanging on the support hook if the pivot lever is designed in such a way that a minimal final pivoting movement of the support hook is caused by the weight of the load. In this case, the weight force, which is often high as a load in waste paper containers, for example, can be absorbed exclusively by the bearing of the support hook and does not put a strain on the other functional parts of the hook gear.

WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH ·..··..''..* I ·.*

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Because the opening of the bottom of the recyclables container must be carried out against the weight of the container contents, it is expedient to transfer the forces to be transmitted by the actuating means to the pivot lever or to the actuating hook via a gear with at least two parts that can be moved by the actuating means. This gear can, for example, have a member formed by a first gear rod and a second member formed by a second gear rod, the first gear rod being pivotally connected to the housing at the gear bearing point on the one hand and to one of the ends of the second gear rod on the other. The opposite end of the second gear rod is connected to the shaft of the actuating hook in such a way that the actuating means, designed as a piston/cylinder unit, is connected to the pivot lever and the second gear rod and, by extending the piston rod, is able to push apart the distance between the end of the second gear rod connected to the actuating hook and the end of the pivot lever connected to the support hook.

* In a further embodiment of the transmission, the second transmission rod and the pivot lever are each connected to the first transmission rod at a distance from their end and the actuating means designed as a piston/cylinder unit acts on the then free end, the movement of the actuating hook being realized by retracting the piston rod.

WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH P10124 W/SB/cb

As an alternative to a tappet-like swivel lever, the swivel lever can also be firmly connected to the support hook. The actuating means then engages a rotating point on the swivel lever that is offset to the side of the longitudinal axis of the support hook. With this variant, provided that the actuating means works in both directions, the release spring can be dispensed with or the release spring only takes on a safety function that enables the support hook to be released even if the truck's on-board hydraulics fail.

In both embodiments of the pivot lever, the abutment can be formed either by a stop limiting the pivot range of the pivot lever or by a stop on the support hook. In particular because of the above-described decoupling of the weight force from the mechanics of the hook gear, it is advantageous that the abutment acts on the pivot lever, which is preferably arranged in the housing in such a way that the abutment is formed by a lower area of the housing wall.

♦The support hook can interact with a safety piece arranged on the housing of the hook tackle, which closes the open area of the hook like a shackle after completion of the swiveling movement, so that on the one hand a support element which may not be fully inserted is pressed into the hook and on the other hand the support element is prevented from jumping out, for example due to a pendulum movement of the load.

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WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH ·.."'..· ' *..* I ··* ··*

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In the same way, the actuating hook can also be provided with a closure piece, which is preferably slidably mounted on an upper shaft of the actuating hook and rests on a support of the housing or a displacement limiter of the shaft in a receiving position of the actuating hook, leaving a receiving area free. When the actuating hook is pulled up, this closure piece slides down into the hook area and thus closes the receiving area for the support element.

Because the force required to swing the support hook in can be significantly less than that required to pull up the actuating hook, incorrect operation due to excessive deflection of the actuating device is basically ruled out in principle when the hook tackle is used to empty a recycling container. For further security, however, the support hook can be mounted in such a way that it can be moved by a small amount of vertical play when subjected to a tensile load and the actuating hook can only be moved after releasing a displacement lock that works together with the support hook.

• This anti-displacement device can then be released by shifting the support hook in its bearing, so that the load must first be lifted in order to raise the actuating hook. During this lifting process, the control of the actuating device can, for example, reduce the hydraulic pressure, so that the actuating lever can only be moved once the load has been positioned.

WEINMAlVN GMBH, MUNICH ·..*·..* * *..* I

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In order to enable the control system to use the actuating means selectively, for example in the case of the truck application described above, the hook gear can have buttons or similar travel detection devices which generate a signal which can be picked up by the control system of the actuating means for switching the drive on or off.

Although the invention has been described above for the application of emptying a recycling container placed on the street by a truck with a corresponding crane and collection container, it is not limited to this and other possible uses are possible, e.g. within the framework of a process engineering system with automatic emptying of a moving transport container.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims and from the following description of a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

. In the figures show:

Fig. 1 a recycling container hanging on a hook
during emptying,

Fig. 2 a schematic diagram of the functional components of a
Hook tackle according to an embodiment of the invention,

WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH P10124 W/SB/cb

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Fig. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of a hook harness according to the invention, and

Fig. 4 the hook tackle according to Figure 3 with raised
Operating hook.

Fig. 1 shows a possible application of the hook tackle according to the invention, namely the emptying of a recyclables container. The load 3 in the form of the recyclables container is suspended by a support element 1 in a support hook 5 of the hook tackle, which protrudes from the housing 4 of the hook tackle. To open the bottom of the load 3 in the direction of the arrow, a functional element can be lifted using an actuating hook (not visible here).

The functional principle of the hook tackle is shown schematically in Figure 2. To hook the support hook 5 into the corresponding receptacle of the support element, the pivotably mounted support hook 5 is first pivoted from an initial position into a vertical position (shown in dashed lines) via an adjusting means 7 in the form of a piston/cylinder unit that can be subjected to a hydraulic pressure in particular, and a pivot lever 8, whereby in the course of this pivoting movement the pivot lever 8 comes into contact with an abutment 9. Through this abutment 9 the adjusting means 7 can now exert the force on the upper end of the slidably mounted actuating hook 6 and push it upwards.

WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH ·..**..* *..* &iacgr; ··"

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For the sake of simplicity, the pivot lever 8 is shown here as being firmly connected to the support hook 5. However, the only important thing for the function of the hook gear is the ability to transfer a pressure force from the actuating means 7 to the support hook 5 in the pivoting direction, so that a loose installation is also sufficient and is also particularly advantageous due to the resulting decoupling of the lever mechanism from the weight of the load. In this case, however, the pivot lever 7 must be retracted, for example, via a spring (not shown here). Such an embodiment is shown in Figures 3 and 4.

In the housing 4, both the pivot lever 8 and a first gear rod 11 are pivotably mounted around a gear bearing point 10. The pivot lever 8 presses like a tappet on the folded-in support hook 5, which is held in the rest position by a release spring 13. The force of the actuating means 7 can overcome the spring force and the pivot lever 8 can be pressed against an abutment 9. The movement of the pivot lever in turn lowers the support hook 5 into a vertical position and, if the hook gear is in the right position, hooks into the holder of a support element.

A locking piece 14 is arranged on the housing 4, which closes the opening of the support hook in the vertical position in the manner of a shackle and prevents the support element from jumping out.

WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH P10124 W/SB/cb

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The actuating hook 6 is mounted so that it can be moved vertically along a longitudinal guide in the housing 4. The shaft of the actuating hook 6 has a closure piece 15 which is slidably mounted on the shaft and rests on the inner edge of the wall of the housing 4 and secures the insertion opening when the actuating hook 6 is raised. At its upper end, the actuating hook is connected to a second gear rod 12, which in turn interacts with the first gear rod 11.

After the pivot lever 8 has been placed on the abutment 9, the actuating means 7 is supported on the abutment 9 via the pivot lever 8 as shown in Figure 4 and can press the second gear rod upwards when the piston rod is extended further, whereby the actuating hook 6 is pulled upwards.

• · · «ff

WEINMANN GMBH, MUNICH OÜ'Ü I P10124 W/SB/cb

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List of reference symbols

1 2 3 4 5

Supporting element Functional element Load Housing Supporting hook

6 operating hooks

7 Adjusting means pivot lever abutment

10 Gearbox bearing point

11 First gear rod

12 Second gear rod

13 Release spring

14 Locking piece

15 Closure piece

8 9

Claims (13)

1. Dual-function hook tackle for carrying and operating a functional load ( 3 ) having a preferably hook- or shackle-like support element ( 1 ) and a preferably hook- or shackle-like functional element ( 2 ), in particular lifting and emptying a recyclables container, with a housing ( 4 ) having a pivotable support hook ( 5 ) and an actuating hook ( 6 ) slidably mounted in the housing ( 4 ), wherein after or when the hook tackle is placed on the load, the actuating hook ( 6 ) can be hooked into the functional element ( 2 ) and the support hook ( 5 ) can be inserted into the support element ( 1 ) by a controllable pivoting movement, and wherein the actuating hook ( 6 ) is designed to trigger an operating function of the load ( 3 ) by the actuating force of a controllable abutment ( 9 ) arranged on the housing ( 4 ). supporting actuating means ( 7 ), wherein the support hook ( 5 ) is pivotable by the force of a pivoting lever ( 8 ) which is able to apply a moment to the support hook ( 5 ) and the actuating means ( 7 ) is able to exert the actuating force on the one hand on the pivoting lever ( 8 ) and on the other hand directly or indirectly on the actuating hook ( 6 ), wherein the actuating force initially causes the pivoting movement and, through the pivoting movement, abutment against the abutment ( 9 ) and then the displacement of the actuating hook ( 6 ). 2. Hook tackle according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivot lever ( 8 ) is mounted at a gear bearing point ( 10 ) in the housing ( 4 ) so as to be pivotable about one of its ends and rests with its opposite end on a pressure surface of the support hook ( 5 ) arranged eccentrically to the pivot axis of the support hook ( 5 ). 3. Hook tackle according to claim 2, characterized in that the actuating hook is connected to the gear bearing point ( 10 ) via a two-part gear that can be moved by the actuating means ( 7 ), a first part of the gear being formed by a first gear rod ( 11 ) which is pivotally mounted at one of its ends on the gear bearing point ( 10 ), and a second part of the gear being formed by a second gear rod ( 12 ) which is pivotally mounted at one end on the free end of the first gear rod ( 11 ) and at the opposite end on the actuating hook ( 6 ). 4. Hook tackle according to claim 3, characterized in that the adjusting means ( 7 ) is arranged between the pivot lever ( 8 ) and the second gear rod ( 12 ) and is able to vary the distance between the pivot lever ( 8 ) and the second gear rod ( 12 ). 5. Hook tackle according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivot lever ( 8 ) is firmly connected to the support hook ( 5 ) and the adjusting means ( 7 ) is rotatably connected to the pivot lever ( 8 ) at an engagement point laterally offset to the longitudinal axis of the support hook ( 5 ). 6. Hook tackle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating means ( 7 ) is a piston/cylinder unit which can be subjected to hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, in particular a double-acting piston/cylinder unit. 7. Hook tackle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abutment ( 9 ) is formed by a stop limiting the pivoting range of the pivoting lever ( 8 ). 8. Hook tackle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abutment ( 9 ) is formed by a stop limiting the pivoting range of the support hook ( 5 ). 9. Hook tackle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 4 ) has a release spring ( 13 ) connected to the support hook ( 5 ) which, in order to release the support hook ( 5 ), is able to pull it in a direction opposite to the pivoting movement when the actuating force is removed. 10. Hook tackle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 4 ) has a securing piece ( 14 ) for the support hook ( 5 ), against which the open area of the support hook ( 5 ) can be positioned towards the end of the pivoting movement and which is able to lock the open area of the support hook ( 5 ) like a shackle. 11. Hook harness according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating hook ( 6 ) has a closure piece ( 15 ) which is slidably mounted on a shaft of the actuating hook ( 6 ) and, in a receiving position of the actuating hook ( 6 ), rests on a support of the housing ( 4 ) or a displacement limiter of the shaft while keeping a receiving area free and, when the actuating hook ( 6 ) is pulled up, is able to close the receiving area for the support element ( 1 ) by automatically sliding down like a shackle. 12. Hook tackle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support hook ( 5 ) is mounted in such a way that it can be displaced by a small vertical play when subjected to a tensile load and the actuating hook ( 6 ) can only be displaced after releasing a displacement lock that interacts with the support hook ( 5 ), wherein when the hook tackle is lifted and a load ( 3 ) is suspended at the same time, the displacement lock can be released to prevent the movement of the support hook ( 5 ) within the play-affected mounting. 13. Hook tackle according to claim 12, characterized in that the displacement of the support hook ( 5 ) within its bearing generates a signal which can be picked up by the control of the actuating means for switching off the drive.