DE29703476U1 - Control of the lighting system of an adaptation section of a tunnel - Google Patents

Description

GR 97 G 3141

Description

Control of the lighting system of an adaptation section of a tunnel
5

The invention relates to a control of the lighting system of an adaptation section of a tunnel, with a luminance sensor that detects the external luminance in an area in front of or behind the tunnel, and a control unit by means of which the lighting system arranged in the adaptation section can be controlled depending on external luminance values detected by the luminance sensor in front of or behind the tunnel.

A lighting system or its control system is intended to ensure that a rapid flow of traffic is possible in the tunnel while maintaining high safety standards. Control of the lighting system is particularly important during the day. On the one hand, it is intended to prevent the tunnel entrance from appearing to the driver as a black hole before entering. This means that the luminance levels to be guaranteed inside the tunnel due to the control of the lighting system are set depending on the luminance levels in the driver's field of vision when approaching the tunnel entrance in such a way that sufficient visibility is always guaranteed.

Essential for the design and control of a lighting system used in a tunnel are the approach

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route, the inspection route, the transition route, the tunnel interior route and the exit route.

The approach distance is a distance immediately before the tunnel entrance, the length of which corresponds at least to the stopping sight distance, whereby the stopping sight distance is the distance that a driver needs to bring his vehicle to a stop in front of an obstacle or danger point.

The viewing section is the section that begins immediately behind the tunnel entrance and for which a relatively high and uniform luminance is required compared to the rest of the tunnel during the day.

The transition section is the section on which the luminance of the viewing section is reduced to the luminance of the tunnel interior section during the day.

The inner tunnel section is the section that connects to the transition section in the direction of travel and ends at the beginning of the exit section.

The exit route is the route that begins at the point in the tunnel where the adaptation state of a driver driving through the tunnel during the day is noticeably influenced by the brighter tunnel exit and that ends at the tunnel exit.

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The viewing section and the transition section form an adjustment section on the entrance side, during which the driver's vision is to be adjusted or adapted from the lighting conditions outside the tunnel to the lighting conditions inside the tunnel. It can also be useful within the exit section of a tunnel to adjust or adapt the driver's vision from the visibility conditions inside the tunnel to the visibility conditions beyond the tunnel exit.

The external luminance in front of the tunnel entrance or behind the tunnel exit is the value that should determine the luminance on the roadway of the entrance-side or exit-side adaptation section in the tunnel.

The luminance sensor is used to determine this external luminance. This is directed at the tunnel entrance at a distance of the stopping sight distance and, in accordance with the currently valid and used standards, measures the luminance in a cone of 2 x 10 degrees or the equivalent veil luminance at an angle of 2 x 30 degrees. According to the external luminance determined in this way, the internal luminance on the roadway of the tunnel entrance-5 side adaptation section is controlled or regulated according to the luminance ratio k.

If the signal 0 of the luminance sensor fails due to a defect in the luminance sensor or in the cable connecting it to the control unit,

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If the light conditions in the area of the adaptation section of the tunnel are acceptable, the corresponding signals from a luminance sensor installed elsewhere, which can be located in front of another tunnel entrance, for example, are adopted, the lighting system is set to the maximum possible "full" lighting, a partial switch is provided for the lighting system or the lighting system is controlled according to a time switch. These replacement measures currently in use can lead to luminance levels on the roadway of the adaptation section that are far from the requirements specified by the actual light conditions. This can lead to dangers both in the area of the tunnel entrance and in the area of the tunnel exit, e.g. if the lighting conditions required for sufficient adaptation are not created for the tunnel entrance or if the exit from the brightly lit tunnel takes place at night. The latter is particularly the case if the adaptation section is also the exit in short tunnels or tunnels that are used in both directions.

On the one hand, the invention is therefore based on the object of developing the control of the lighting system of an adaptation section of a tunnel described at the outset in such a way that even in the event of a failure of the external luminance signals to be input into the control unit, lighting conditions within the tunnel are always ensured which enable safe and rapid passage through the tunnel.

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This object is achieved according to the invention in that the control unit has a memory in which data is stored, by means of which the control unit can calculate replacement external luminance values that largely correspond to the external luminance values present in front of or behind the tunnel, which can be used as a basis for controlling the lighting system arranged in the adaptation section of the tunnel.

Due to suitable data stored in the memory of the control unit, even if the luminance sensor arranged in front of or behind the tunnel entrance or exit fails, lighting conditions can be created on the roadway of the tunnel's adaptation sections which, if at all, only differ slightly from the lighting conditions created on the basis of external luminance values recorded by the luminance sensor and which are therefore sufficient in any case to ensure safe and speedy passage through the tunnel. Of course, with the control according to the invention, in the event of the luminance sensor arranged in front of or behind the tunnel failing, the current weather conditions are not known, so that when controlling the lighting system, the most unfavorable, i.e. highest, external luminance must always be assumed depending on the data stored in the memory of the control unit. However, the replacement measures used in the event of failure of the luminance sensor located in front of or behind the tunnel can be designed using the simplest methods so that during the day the interior luminance is hardly higher than the exterior luminance even on cloudy 0 days and during

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at night, the interior luminance corresponds to the intended night lighting. In the vast majority of cases of control of the lighting system depending on the data stored in the memory of the control unit, the vehicle drivers will therefore not notice that the control of the lighting system is based on data stored in the memory of the control unit instead of the data provided by the luminance sensor.

Since, when using the control system according to the invention, there is no danger in the event of a failure of the luminance sensor(s) that detect the external luminance and a longer period of time for maintenance or repair and procurement of spare parts can be tolerated in the event of a failure of the luminance sensor(s), the cost of repair and maintenance can be significantly reduced simply because any repair or maintenance work can be carried out during normal working hours, so that no extraordinary costs are incurred for night or Sunday work.

Advantageously, the geographical longitude and latitude of the tunnel entrance and exit can be stored in the memory of the control unit; depending on this, the sunrise and sunset times can then be determined in the control unit, after which a replacement external luminance value can be assigned to each day for each period between the sunrise and sunset times of that day. It is possible to set a maximum replacement external luminance value for each day and to use the remaining values

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set external luminance values for this day as a percentage of the maximum replacement external luminance value. For each time of day, a percentage replacement external luminance value is specified in this way. 5

It is possible to calculate the sunrise and sunset times for each day taking into account normal and leap years, whereby this calculation process can be carried out in the control unit. Alternatively, the sunrise and sunset times for each day of any number of years can be stored in the memory of the control unit, whereby normal and leap years can of course also be taken into account here. In this embodiment, 365 or 366 times two points in time, namely the sunrise and sunset times, are stored in the memory for the next x years. The creation of this data could then take place externally in relation to the control unit on a conventional personal computer.

0 It should be noted that the astronomical calculations for the position of the sun can be carried out according to relevant formulas specified by standards. Here, the sunset and sunrise times are obtained by iterating over time until the altitude of the sun is zero. 25

To simplify control, it is advisable to group consecutive days in the course of the year, whose day lengths are similar, into day classes, with each of these day classes being assigned an average sunrise and sunset time. With such a procedure,

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approach, the distinction between normal and leap years can be omitted, since the additional day in a leap year only leads to an increase in the size of one of the day classes.

In order to ensure sufficient lighting conditions for rapid and safe passage through tunnels, it has proven to be useful to provide for around fifty consecutive day classes over the course of the year, within which the length of the day differs from one another by a maximum of around 20 minutes. It should be noted that the time on which the control is based must be uniform. When switching from winter to summer time or vice versa, which is now widely used, this switch must not be made when controlling the lighting system of an adaptation section of a tunnel according to the invention, or appropriate adjustment and modification measures must be carried out.

For the objectives to be achieved by means of the control system according to the invention, it has proven to be sufficient and expedient if the allocation of replacement external luminance values at certain times of day is carried out according to a function which increases from a replacement external luminance value of 0%, which is allocated to a first point in time which is a first predeterminable period of time before sunrise, to a replacement external luminance value of 100%, which is allocated to a time period which extends from a second point in time which is a second predeterminable period of time after sunrise to a third point in time which is a third predeterminable period of time before sunset.

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and then reduces from the equivalent external luminance value of 100% to an equivalent external luminance value of 0%, which is reached at a fourth point in time, which is a fourth predeterminable period after sunset. According to this function, the lighting system in the adaptation section of the tunnel can then be controlled during the time during which daylight is present. The above-mentioned function can be easily adapted to specific local conditions.

For the control of the lighting system of the adaptation section, it is sufficient to assume that the equivalent external luminance value increases or decreases linearly between the first and second time points or between the third and fourth time points. Furthermore, the actual course of the external luminance is sufficiently taken into account if it is assumed that the first and fourth time periods and the second and third time periods are of equal length.

For example, for southern Germany, a duration of 20 minutes is appropriate for the first and fourth periods and a duration of 2 hours for the second and third periods. If the formulas for the sun's altitude and azimuth are stored in the control unit's memory, the astronomical position of the sun can be calculated in the control unit based on the sun's altitude and azimuth. Using the respective horizon contour and the astronomical position of the sun, the actual sunrises and sunsets for the driver's position in front of the tunnel can be calculated if necessary.

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and in the course of the respective replacement luminance values.

If, in the control of the lighting system of an adaptation section of a tunnel as described above, which has the luminance sensor that records the external luminance in an area in front of or behind the tunnel, and a control unit by means of which the lighting system arranged in the adaptation section can be controlled depending on the external luminance values recorded by the luminance sensor in front of or behind the tunnel, there are lighting conditions outside the tunnel entrance that result in the detection area of the luminance sensor in front of the tunnel entrance being more or less in the shade and the sun being outside the detection angle of the density sensor of approx. 2 × 10 degrees = 20 degrees or 2 × 30 degrees, the driver will be blinded by the sun on the one hand, and on the other hand a luminance will be created on the possibly dirty or dusty windscreen that reduces the contrasts actually intended at the tunnel entrance. In this regard, it should be noted that the adverse effect caused by a dirty or dusty windscreen also occurs when the sun is no longer in the driver's field of vision.

If the luminance sensor, as mentioned above, is aimed at a shadow zone, the lighting system of the adaptation section can be controlled by comparing the actual external luminance or the glare of the sun with the above-mentioned

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Control of the lighting system is not taken into account. The detection of the equivalent veil luminance known from the state of the art, which is based on the physiology of the eye, also has significant disadvantages; the effect of the dirty windscreen is not recorded and outside an angle of 2 x 30 degrees the veil luminance is also no longer recorded.

For the driver, the sunlit windshield is particularly disturbing before he reaches the shadow area in front of the tunnel entrance. In these cases in particular, the sun hits the windshield at a flat angle. It can therefore be assumed that any dirt or dust particles scatter the sunlight almost diffusely.

The cosine of the angle between the vertical on the windscreen and the incident light is therefore effective, whereby the angle of the incident sunlight can be determined from the position of the sun according to the relevant DIN standards.

Taking the above findings into account, the control system of the lighting system of an adaptation section of a tunnel should be further developed so that a luminance that ensures safe and rapid passage through the tunnel is present on the roadway of the adaptation section even if the luminance sensor intended to determine or measure the external luminance is aimed entirely or partially at a shadow zone. This is achieved if the position of the sun and the illuminance resulting from the sun 0 can be recorded in the control system and used to calculate

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of external luminance correction values can be taken into account, which together with the external luminance values or the substitute external luminance values can be used as a basis for controlling the lighting system arranged in the adaptation section of the tunnel. This makes it possible to take into account the effect of the sun, which is not detected by the luminance sensor aimed at a shadow zone, on the lighting conditions perceived by the driver.

Whether and, if so, how strong the sun is shining can be determined by calculating the position of the sun and measuring the illuminance produced by the sun using an illuminance sensor that is directed towards the entrance or away from the exit of the tunnel. Using such an illuminance sensor, the light from the half-space or the vertical illuminance can be recorded. Depending on the procedure used, an appropriate assessment must be made.

Alternatively, the luminance sensor for detecting the external luminance can be designed in such a way that, when it does not detect the sun in the evaluation field itself, it detects data from sunlit areas, by means of which the position and effect of the sun in the field of vision of the driver entering or exiting the tunnel can be detected. The latter embodiment has some disadvantages compared to the embodiments that have an illuminance sensor.

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In this embodiment, the decision must first be made as to whether the astronomical position of the sun is in a critical area for glare. If this question is answered in the affirmative, it must be decided whether the critical limit value of the luminance recorded by the sensor for this position of the sun is exceeded. If this question is also answered in the affirmative, the stored external luminance correction value is assigned according to the position of the sun. The embodiment explained above is useful or necessary if, for example, no illuminance sensor is provided in existing systems or for cost reasons. The decisions mentioned above must then be made on the basis of the available data, and in addition, as mentioned above, it must be decided how high the external luminance correction value should be. Since the luminance depends on the degree of reflection, no corresponding decision can be made in advance. It must be determined on site which values the overcast sky delivers at the relevant positions of the sun and which values are achieved with 0 sunshine. The corresponding limit values vary depending on the position of the sun and the size and degree of reflection of the sunlit areas in the detection range of the luminance sensor. Accordingly, it is important to know which shadow lines can be expected from buildings and mountains in the detection angle. Luminance limit values and external luminance correction values must therefore be assigned to partial areas on the celestial globe. After a certain operating time of a suitably designed system, during which recorded measured values are stored,

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then, if necessary, corrections can be made for further optimization.

In order to use only one standard software for all tunnels, the aim would have to be to get by with a single measurement using the luminance sensor at the finished tunnel portal on a day with overcast skies. This value is defined in this data field using the daily and seasonal values according to DIN 5034 and is adjusted accordingly. The limit value that is supposed to indicate whether the sun is shining "correctly" should be approximately twice the luminance sensor value when the sky is overcast. The angle Theta is the angle between the direction of view towards the tunnel portal and the position of the sun. Now it is only necessary to determine the horizon contour for the direction of view at the tunnel entrance. For this direction of view, a computer program could project a very narrow network of celestial coordinates onto a flat surface that is located approx. 15 cm in front of the observer's eye 0. This narrow network is then projected or copied onto an A4-format film and this film is then stretched into a frame viewfinder; a corresponding arrangement then resembles the frame viewfinder of an old photo camera in a greatly enlarged form. This film is now brought to the observer position 5 in front of the tunnel, whereupon those meshes of the sky mesh that fall below the horizon are ticked. The same meshes are then clicked on the screen, which enters the horizon contour into the program. If the position of the sun falls within these meshes, the angle Theta 0 =90 degrees is set, which makes it ineffective. The following then applies:

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La, corr=La , sensor + La, program
La, program = La, nominalXFXCOSTheta
La, program= 0 for Lsensor < limit

F is a factor that allows easy adjustments 5

The external luminance correction value is an additive value that must be added to the external luminance value or the substitute external luminance value. The design of the external luminance correction value as a correction factor would result in at most minor adjustments to the lighting system, particularly in the case of low measured external luminance values, which would not be sufficient to ensure rapid and safe passage through the tunnel.

If the control system according to the invention takes into account the horizon contour at the critical distance from the tunnel entrance and can be used to determine whether the position of the sun is above this horizon contour, it can be determined whether the vertical illuminance at a critical angle of incidence comes from the point-shaped sun or from the bright sky. The vertical illuminance, outside of the limit values specified by the season and time of day, always comes predominantly from the direct sun when the position of the sun is above the horizon contour and in the half-space in front of the driver. The sun and the bright sky can produce the same vertical illuminance. The distinction as to whether the vertical illuminance is predominantly provided by the sun or the bright sky is of great importance for high-quality control of the lighting system of an adaptation section of a tunnel, since only the sun can produce a

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C··

This leads to a glare effect and therefore requires that the external luminance correction values be taken into account when controlling the lighting system. If the vertical illuminance is caused by the bright sky or is below the seasonal limit values, it is sufficient to take into account the external luminance recorded by the luminance sensor.

If data is stored in the controller's memory by means of which replacement illuminance values can be determined that correspond to the data recorded by the illuminance sensor and that can be used as a basis for determining the external luminance correction values, the calculation or determination of suitable external luminance correction values can be carried out automatically in the event of a possible failure of the illuminance sensor.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail using an embodiment with reference to the drawing.
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FIG 1 shows a basic representation of an inventive control of a lighting system of an adaptation section of a tunnel;

FIG 2 a function for determining substitute external luminance values and

FIG 3 shows a principle diagram for backlight compensation.

A tunnel 1 shown in principle in FIG 1 has an access route 2, a transition route 3, an inner tunnel route 4 and an exit route 5.

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The viewing section 2 and the transition section 3 form an adaptation section 2, 3 on the tunnel entrance side, by means of which lighting conditions are to be created on the roadway of the tunnel 1, which are to make it easier for a driver to adapt between the lighting conditions outside the tunnel before entering it and in the tunnel interior section 4.

For this purpose, a lighting system 6, 7 arranged in the adaptation section 2, 3 of the tunnel 1 is controlled or regulated by means of a control 8. The control 8 includes a control unit 9, which has a memory 10 and into which signals from a luminance sensor 11 arranged in front of the tunnel entrance and an illuminance sensor 12 also arranged in front of the tunnel entrance are entered. The luminance sensor 11 detects the external luminance in front of the tunnel entrance. Depending on these external luminance values, the control unit 9 controls or regulates the lighting system 6, 7 in the adaptation section 2, 3 of the tunnel formed by the viewing section 2 and the transition section 3.

The geographical longitude and latitude of the tunnel entrance are stored in memory 10. Depending on this geographical longitude and latitude, the sunrise and sunset times can be determined, whereby a replacement external luminance value can then be assigned every day for each period between sunrise and sunset.

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Several consecutive days with similar day lengths are grouped into day classes, each of which is assigned an average sunrise and sunset time. Fifty day classes are planned for a year, with the day lengths within a day class differing from one another by a maximum of about 20 minutes.

FIG 2 shows a function for the equivalent external luminance La. During darkness, the equivalent external luminance La is 0% of the maximum equivalent external luminance La achieved during a day.

At a first time Ti, which is 20 minutes before sunrise, the substitute external luminance La begins to increase linearly; the linear increase continues until the substitute external luminance La reaches 100% of the substitute external luminance achievable on that day at a second time T2, which is 2 hours after sunrise. The substitute external luminance La remains at this value until it begins to decrease linearly again at a 0 time T3, which is 2 hours before sunset, to a value of 0%, which is reached at a time T4, which is 20 minutes after sunset.

Such a function for the equivalent external luminance La is stored in the memory 10 of the control unit 9 for each of the fifty day classes that follow one another over the course of the year.

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If the luminance sensor 11 arranged in front of the tunnel entrance fails, the control unit 9 can therefore automatically access the data stored in the memory 10 and carry out the control or regulation of the lighting system 6, 7 in the adaptation section 2, 3 of the tunnel 1 on the basis of the replacement external luminance values determined by it on the basis of the data stored in the memory 10.

With the help of the illuminance sensor 12, the glare effect of the sun 13 can be taken into account, which is particularly advantageous and necessary when the luminance sensor 11 is aimed at a shadow zone.

The illuminance sensor 12 is directed towards the tunnel entrance, as can be seen in particular from FIG 3. It can be used to measure the vertical illuminance.

The external luminance corrected to take into account any glare from the sun, which is used as the basis for controlling and regulating the lighting system 6, 7 in the adaptation section 2, 3 of the tunnel 1, results from the sum of the external luminance determined by the luminance sensor 11 and a calculated external luminance correction value.

La,corr = La,sensor + La,program

The corrected external luminance La,korr calculated in this way, together with the luminance ratio k, gives the luminance on the 0 carriageway of the adaptation section 2, 3 of tunnel 1.

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The calculated external luminance correction value or supplement La,programm is calculated from the formula

La, program = La, nominal &khgr; (Ev /Ev,max &khgr; cos Theta)

La,Nenn is the maximum external luminance for which the tunnel lighting is designed.

Ev is the measured vertical illuminance towards the tunnel entrance as detected by the illuminance sensor 12.

Ev,max is the maximum vertical illuminance as a reference value. This value can be corrected according to requirements.
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Theta is a function of the solar altitude Alpha, the solar azimuth Gamma and the azimuth of the horizontal line of sight to the tunnel entrance Delta, as shown in FIG 3.

In the sketch shown in FIG 3, the driver's eye 14 is dazzled by the sun 13, whereas the luminance sensor 11, unlike the illuminance sensor 12, does not have the sun 13 in its detection angle. It should be noted that in FIG 3, for better spatial representation, the sun 13 is shown at a smaller distance than the actual distance.

The directions north N and to the centre of the tunnel entrance Tu lie in the horizontal plane.
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The angle Theta between the horizontal line of sight to the tunnel entrance Tu and the position of the sun is determined by the altitude of the sun Alpha, the azimuth of the sun Gamma and the azimuth of the horizontal line of sight to the tunnel entrance Tu Delta. 5

The luminance sensor 11 and the illuminance sensor 12 are arranged approximately within stopping sight distance in front of the tunnel entrance.

Claims (22)

GR 97 G 3141 22 Protection claims 1. Control of the lighting system (6,7) of an adaptation section (2,3) of a tunnel (1), with a luminance sensor (11) which detects the external luminance in an area in front of or behind the tunnel (1), and a control unit (9) by means of which the lighting system (6,7) arranged in the adaptation section (2,3) can be controlled in dependence on external luminance values in front of or behind the tunnel (1) detected by means of the luminance sensor (11), characterized in that the control unit (9) has a memory (10) in which data is stored by means of which the control unit (9) can calculate replacement external luminance values which largely correspond to the external luminance values present in front of or behind the tunnel (1), which can be used as a basis for controlling the lighting system (6,7) arranged in the adaptation section (2,3) of the tunnel (1). 2. Control system according to claim 1, in which the geographical longitude and latitude of the tunnel entrance and exit are stored in the memory (10), the sunrise and sunset times can be determined as a function of this and a replacement external luminance value can be assigned to each day for each period between the sunrise and sunset times. 3. Control according to claim 2, in which the sunrise and sunset times can be calculated for each day taking into account normal and leap years. GR 91 G 3141 4. Control according to claim 2, in which the sunrise and sunset times for each day of any number of subsequent years are stored in the memory (10). 5. Control according to one of claims 2 to 4, in which successive days whose day lengths are similar are grouped into day classes, each of which is assigned an average sunrise and sunset time.
10 6. Control according to claim 5, in which over the course of the year there are provided successive approximately 50 day classes within which the day lengths differ from each other by a maximum of approx. 20 minutes. 7. Control according to one of claims 2 to 6, in which the allocation of replacement external luminance values is carried out according to a function that increases from a replacement external luminance value of 0%, which is assigned to a first time Tx, which is a first predeterminable period of time before the sunrise time, to a replacement external luminance value of 100%, which is assigned to a time period that extends from a second time T2, which is a second predeterminable period of time after the sunrise time, to a third time Ts, which is a third predeterminable period of time before the sunset time, and then reduces from the replacement external luminance value of 100% to a replacement external luminance value of 0%, which is reached at a fourth time T4, which is a fourth predeterminable period of time after the sunset time. GR 97 G 3141 8. The controller of claim 7, wherein the replacement external luminance value increases linearly between the first time Ti and the second time T2. 9. Control according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the replacement external luminance value decreases linearly between the third time T3 and the fourth time T4. 10. Control according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the first and fourth time periods are of equal length. 11. Control according to one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the second and third time periods are of equal length. 12. Control according to one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the first and fourth time periods are 20 minutes. 13. Control according to one of claims 7 to 12, in which the second and third periods are 2 hours. 14. Control according to one of claims 1 to 13, in which the data for calculating the sun's altitude and the sun's azimuth are stored in the memory (10), from which the respective sun position can be calculated, so that the respective stored horizon contour can be taken into account when calculating the respective substitute external luminance value. 15. Control of the lighting system (6, 7) of an adaptation section (2,3) of a tunnel (1), with a luminance sensor (11) which measures the external luminance in an area in front of GR 97 G 3141 or behind the tunnel (1), and a control unit (9) by means of which the lighting system (6, 7) arranged in the adaptation section (2, 3) can be controlled as a function of external luminance values in front of or behind the tunnel (1) recorded by the luminance sensor (11), preferably according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the position and the illuminance generated by the sun in the field of vision of the driver driving into or out of the tunnel (1) can be recorded in the control unit (8) and can be taken into account for calculating external luminance correction values, which, together with the external luminance values or the substitute external luminance values, can be used as a basis for controlling the lighting system (6, 7) arranged in the adaptation section (2, 3) of the tunnel (1). 16. Control according to claim 15, with an illuminance sensor (12) for detecting the illuminance generated by the sun (13), which is directed towards the entrance or away from the exit of the tunnel (1). 17. Control according to claim 16, in which the illuminance sensor (12) is designed such that the light from the half-space can be detected by means of it. 18. Control according to claim 16, wherein the illuminance sensor (12) is designed such that the vertical illuminance can be detected by means of it. GR 91 G 3141 19. Control according to claim 15, whose luminance sensor (11) for detecting the external luminance is designed in such a way that, when it does not detect the sun (13) itself, it detects data from sunlit surfaces, by means of which the position and the glare effect of the sun (13) in the field of vision of the driver entering or exiting the tunnel (1) can be detected. 20. Control according to one of claims 15 to 19, which takes into account the horizon contour at the critical distance from the tunnel entrance and by means of which it can be determined whether the position of the sun is above this horizon contour. 21. Control according to one of claims 16 to 18 or 20, in whose memory (10) data are stored by means of which substitute position data and substitute luminous intensity values corresponding to the data detected by the illuminance sensor (12) can be determined, which can be used as a basis for determining the external luminance correction values.
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