DE29616856U1 - Reinforcement arrangement for masonry - Google Patents

Description

RICHTER, WERDERMANN _; & G

EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEYS · PATENT ATTORNEYS HAMBURG ■ BERLIN

DIPL.-ING. JOACHIM RICHTER DIPL.-ING. HANNES GERBAULET DIPL.-ING. FRANZ WERDERMANN

- 1986

NEW WALL IO KURFÜRSTENDAMM

2O354 HAMBURG IO719 BERLIN

® (O4O) 34 OO 45/34 OO 56 © (O3O) S 82 T4 FAX (O4O) 35 24 15 FAX (O3O) 8 82 32

IN OFFICE SHARING WITH MAlNITZ & PARTNER LAWYERS - NOTARIES

oursign HAMBURG

YOUR RLE OUR FILE

E 96370 III 1916 26.09.1996

Applicant: Elmenhorst & Co. GmbH

D-22869 Schenefeld

Title: Reinforcement arrangement for a masonry

Description

The invention relates to a reinforcement arrangement for embedding in a masonry, whereby the masonry is a lintel facing with stretcher layers and with an underlying stretcher or rolling layer, whereby furthermore, in order to create a bond between pressure and/or tension zones of the lintel facing, the pressure-bearing stones of the stretcher layer are placed above the

Reinforcement arrangement forms an anchoring system which holds the stones of the rolled layer installed below the masonry reinforcement, the reinforcement arrangement further comprising the following.

Masonry reinforcement is used for large walls, over window and door openings (as lintel reinforcement), for non-load-bearing partition walls on sagging ceilings, in gables and in mixed masonry. In general, it is used to absorb the settling behavior of masonry wedges. Shrinkage and swelling processes can cause tensile or compressive stresses that exceed the elasticity of the masonry. If this cannot or should not be remedied by expansion joints, steel grids are embedded in the mortar bed in bed joints (horizontal longitudinal joints), which usually consist of parallel longitudinal bars with additional steel elements connecting them.

In the case of facing lintel reinforcement, in addition to a so-called stretcher layer, i.e. bricks whose long sides run parallel to the wall when bricked up, there is also a rolling layer in which the bricks stand on the narrow side. In such masonry consisting of a rolling layer and a stretcher layer, tensile and compressive forces occur in which the bricks are moved apart at their lower edges, with the upper brick edges being pressed towards one another and the lower edges being pushed apart in the rolling layer below. This results in a force being directed into the load-bearing layer, which must be absorbed by a tensile reinforcement.

A masonry with embedded reinforcement is known from US-A-2,361,828, whereby, in order to create a bond between the compression and/or tension zones of the facing lintel, the compressive stones of the stretcher layer above the reinforcement form an anchoring system that holds the stones of a stretcher layer installed below the reinforcement. The reinforcement consists of a metal band embedded in the horizontal mortar bed of the longitudinal joint above the stretcher layer or of at least one longitudinal bar and of stirrups placed on the metal band or the longitudinal bar, the free ends of which are guided into the mortar bed of the vertical joints of the stretcher layer below the reinforcement. If the reinforcement consists of a metal band or two or three longitudinal bars, then the web connecting the two legs of each stirrup has a length that corresponds to the width of the metal band or the total width of the longitudinal bars. For this reason, it is necessary to keep several sizes of stirrups in stock in order to have stirrups that are appropriately dimensioned for the widths of the metal strips used or the widths of two longitudinal bars, because bending the stirrup legs sideways in order to be able to adjust the stirrups to different widths of the metal strip or the distance between two longitudinal bars is not possible, since the stirrup web length determines the widths required for the metal strips. In addition, the stirrup legs extending into the mortar bed of the vertical joints of the stretcher layer do not ensure a firm hold in the mortar bed.

because the layer of wear material in the area of a window opening, for example, which forms the facing lintel, is subject to tensile forces and the hardened mortar bed itself does not provide any additional anchoring for the brackets.

EP-A-O 340 840 describes a reinforcement system for a wall made of masonry with horizontal reinforcement to be inserted into the mortar bed, whereby vertical reinforcement elements are provided which are inserted into vertical recesses or openings in the bricks, whereby the height or length of the vertical reinforcements corresponds approximately to the height of at least two bricks lying one above the other. In addition, the vertical reinforcements are arranged on the horizontal reinforcement in at least one vertical direction and are firmly connected to it. This reinforcement device is intended to make it easy to create a wall made of masonry which makes it possible to build horizontally and vertically reinforced masonry manually without deviating from conventional masonry methods. This reinforcement device can only be used where masonry is to be made from perforated bricks. In addition, since the vertical reinforcements are firmly connected to the horizontal reinforcement in the form of closed brackets, there is no possibility of adjusting these wall joint spacings to different dimensions by moving the vertical reinforcements.

The known reinforcement device cannot be used as masonry reinforcement with static load-bearing effect in

Lintel area for facing lintels and wire brackets that can be connected or suspended with the reinforcement and are open at the top for the production of statically self-supporting systems, such as facing lintels.

According to DE-A-28 36 781, a device for receiving a prefabricated beam to cover openings in a masonry wall consists of a lintel which has a stone-like load-bearing core with inserted reinforcing bars, which, however, are not embedded in a horizontal mortar bed and are not in active connection with stirrups lying in vertical mortar beds.

The object of the present invention is to improve a facing lintel mentioned at the beginning and to create a connection system for a brick lintel between the compression and tension zones of the lintel, which holds the blocks under pressure via the reinforcement an anchoring system that holds the blocks installed under the reinforcement, so that a better distribution of the compression and tension forces is achieved while at the same time avoiding the sagging of the brickwork in the facing lintel and securing the mortar in the vertical brickwork joints against slipping / flowing out. Furthermore, the object of the present invention is to create an economical, universally applicable brickwork support system that can be connected to the mortar of the brickwork and that can be adapted to a wide variety of loads, while at the same time achieving an improved connection.

This object is achieved by a reinforcement arrangement of the above-mentioned type with the features characterized in claim 1.

Then, to create a bond between the compression and tension zones of the composite lintel, the compressive stones of the stretcher layer above the reinforcement form an anchoring system that holds the stones of the rolling layer installed below the reinforcement, whereby the reinforcement consists of both parallel longitudinal bars and plate-shaped bodies arranged perpendicularly to them and extending into the stretcher layer and/or the rolling layer, whereby the plates guided into the stretcher layer of the facing lintel extend into the adjacent mortar or cement/mortar joint parallel to the longitudinal joint. The full-surface steel elements, such as reinforcement plates, are perpendicular to the joint plane or the plane in which the parallel longitudinal bars lie. The particular advantage of this reinforcement is that the tensile and compressive forces that occur are distributed more evenly into the masonry, in particular it prevents the facing lintels (or grenadiers) from breaking out of the masonry. The load is connected through the first layer, with the upper stones under tension. In addition to longitudinal bars, a metal band or mesh can also be used to produce the reinforcement system.

Furthermore, the form elements are guided into an adjacent mortar or cement/mortar joint parallel to the longitudinal joint and the panels are provided with a profile

and/or raised elements. This not only ensures a strong bond but also a good hold of the mortar in the joints.

Preferably, each end of the plate will end on one of the longitudinal bars. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the plates are essentially U-shaped, which makes them ideal for vertical joints in both stretcher layers and rolling layers and creates the largest possible bonding surface between the steel reinforcement elements and the mortar.

If the plates can be releasably clamped to the longitudinal bars, there is the additional advantage that the plates can be arranged at any distance from each other and at any desired location. This makes it possible to create individual reinforcement that is adapted to the compressive and tensile forces or stresses that actually occur.

Further advantages arise when the plate ends are hook-shaped, preferably in such a way that the curvature of the hook-shaped end is matched to the longitudinal bar diameter. This ensures that the plates can be easily hung at predetermined locations. A further improvement in terms of the positional stabilization of the plates relative to the longitudinal bars arises when the plates are clamped onto the longitudinal bars under a pre-tension and/or the hook-shaped ends of the plates can be clamped onto the longitudinal bars by means of a snap-in closure. The clamping of the plate ends into the longitudinal bars is further supported by the fact that the insertion

grip elements on the panels are designed to be springy and elastic. The panels can also be secured by bending the grip elements around the longitudinal bars or to a metal band.

A different length of the plates makes it possible, for example, to use plates of different lengths at the top and bottom. A plate that extends into the runner layer can also be longer if necessary, whereby the section of the plate that protrudes from the runner layer is simply bent or folded over. The base of the U-shaped plate is preferably shorter than the distance between the parallel longitudinal bars.

Preferably, at least part of the slab extends into the adjacent mortar or cement/mortar joint that is parallel to the longitudinal joint. This means a length of the slab that corresponds to the height of a stone plus the width of the joint.

For better anchoring, the longitudinal bars consist of ribbed steel bars, which are connected to one another by cross bars according to a further development of the invention. The cross bars can preferably be arranged at an equidistant distance from one another.

Flexible adaptability to a wide range of conditions is achieved by providing the plate-shaped body with bendable tabs for securing the stones.

A particularly simple and effective arrangement is achieved by having the plate-shaped body have a profile at one end onto which a slotted strip can be attached.

A good hold between longitudinal bars and plates is achieved by the plate-shaped body having retaining tongues at one end, which can preferably be suspended from the cross bars or longitudinal bars.

The arrangement of the reinforcement arrangement is advantageously supported by the fact that the plate-shaped body has a support plate at one end.

If necessary, the plates can also be made of flat steel or at least partially coated with plastic, for example to prevent corrosive attacks.

Ribbed or smooth steel bars are preferably used for the longitudinal and/or transverse bars. Alternatively, the longitudinal and/or transverse bars can be made of flat steel. Regardless of the shape of the above-mentioned parts, they can be at least partially plastic-coated in order to achieve corrosion protection.

Further developments of the invention are set out in the subclaims.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

Fig. 1 a perspective partially sectioned view of a lintel-like masonry with reinforcement arrangement,

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the reinforcement arrangement,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a plate and longitudinal and transverse bars,

Fig. 4a a side view of a plate-shaped body in U-shape,

Fig. 4b a side view of a plate-shaped body in U-shape with angled edges,

Fig. 4c is a side view of a plate-shaped body in U-shape of Figure 4b,

Fig. 5 shows a diagrammatic view of a full-surface, plate-shaped body with an angled end region,

Fig. 6 shows a diagrammatic view of a plate-shaped body with a sawtooth-like profile on its outer longitudinal edges,

Fig. 7 shows a front view of a U-shaped, plate-like body with bendable leg ends.

A &Lgr; »»··

Fig. 8a is a plan view of another embodiment of a plate according to the invention,

Fig. 8b is a side view of a plate of Figure 8a, Fig. 9 is a partial view of a plate,

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a plate according to the invention,

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a plate according to the invention with serrated edges and support plate,

Fig. 12 is a side view of the plate of Figure 11,

Fig. 13a and 13b Front and side view of another

Embodiment of a plate according to the invention,

Fig. 14 is a front view of a plate according to the invention according to a further embodiment,

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of a plate according to the invention in the installed state, and

Fig. 16 is a perspective view of a plate according to the invention according to a further embodiment.

As can be seen from Figure 2, the reinforcement arrangement 100 that can be installed in a facing lintel 200 designed as a finished structural element consists of parallel longitudinal bars 10 and 11, which are connected by equidistant

Distance a arranged cross bars 12 are connected. The longitudinal bars 10 and 11 have a diameter d of, for example, 4 mm. This diameter corresponds to the diameter of the plate-shaped bodies 13 and the cross bars 12, so that one and the same starting material can be used. However, the diameters can also be selected to be different. The plates 13 lie perpendicular to the plane determined by the longitudinal and cross bars 10 to 12 and have different heights h, depending on whether they are to be used for the grenadiers, i.e. for the rolling layer, or for the runner layer of the facing lintel 200 as an independent structural element (Figure 1). The distance of the longitudinal bars b also determines the distance of the free ends of the essentially U-shaped profile, where the plate ends 14 are hook-shaped so that they can be pushed over the longitudinal bars or can be locked into place there. If necessary, the panels can also be prestressed. In the present case, the panel ends 14 engage the opposite inner sides of the longitudinal bars 10, 11. The reinforcement arrangement 100 consisting of the longitudinal bars 10, 11 and the panels 13 does not need to be designed in the form of a grid. Two individual bars can also be used, which are bent and anchored in the side masonry in the support area of the facing lintel. Instead of the longitudinal bars 10, 11, a metal band or mesh fabric can also be used.

Figure 1 shows typical facing lintels with runners and grenadiers 16. The pair of longitudinal bars 10,11 is embedded in a mortar layer 17 which lies between the grenadiers 16 and the runners 15 above it.

In the vertical joints between the grenadiers 16 at a distance c in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, that is, limiting three grenadiers 16 each, lie the longer plates 13 projecting downwards, while in the vertical joints between each stretcher stone, upwardly projecting plates 13 project, whereby other length measurements can also be made. The upwardly projecting plates 13 extend into the nearest mortar layer 18 between two stretchers, where they border on a lintel sealing sheet made of a film 20, which is embedded in one end section in the mortar of the joint between two stretcher layers and is connected to the mortar of the joint 18 by means of a connecting profile by anchoring.

Because the panels can be moved on the longitudinal bars 10, 11, there is no need to use predefined joints. The butt joints of the stones can be arranged in any way, since the brackets can be aligned to the position of the butt joints.

To prevent the mortar from slipping in a joint between two stones, according to a further embodiment according to Figure 5, the full-surface, plate-shaped body 13 is provided with an angled section 13d on its end sections 13c facing away from the engagement elements 13a, 13b. Furthermore, the plate-shaped body 13 according to Figure 16 can be provided with a sawtooth-like profile 13f on its outer longitudinal edges 13e, 13e'. In the case of a U- or V-shaped extension

In the design of the plate-shaped body 13, the leg ends 13g, ^13g1 can be extended in order to be able to fasten the plate-shaped body 13 to the supporting elements of the reinforcement arrangement by bending the leg ends 13g, ^13g1 .

The strip-like legs 13g, 13g' shown in Figure 4a can be bent at any point and thus achieve a height-adjustable plate.

Furthermore, as shown in Figures 4b and 4c, tongues 18 are provided that can be bent out to the side and serve as a foundation for the stones hanging below. In addition, the legs 13g, 13g' can be bent by 90 degrees so that they are bent to the side and provide a mortar bond for the slab.

Figure 3 also shows a further embodiment of a plate 13 which is designed such that it can be suspended on the crossbar 12.

Figures 8a and 8b show a further embodiment of the plate 13 according to the invention. This has a frame-like recess 30 and a profile 20 at one end 32. Here, a slotted strip 34 can be placed, which has retaining tongues 36 for hanging in cross bars 11, 10. Another embodiment of the cross bars 36 is shown in Figure 9. These cross bars grip around the cross bars 11, 10 for better grip between the plate 13 and the bars 11, 10.

#* it ·■·

Figure 10 shows a further embodiment of a plate 13. In addition to a recess 30, this plate 13 has a support plate 40 with retaining tongues 35. In a further advantageous modification according to Figure 11, the longitudinal edges 13e, 13e' have a tooth-like profile 13f. This gives the plate 13 an even better hold in the mortar. Figure 12 shows the plate 13 of Figure in side view and illustrates the arrangement of the support plate 40, which extends essentially at right angles from the plate 13.

Figures 13a and 13b show an embodiment of the plate 13 with a wide overlapping clamp or clip 38. Furthermore, laterally projecting or raised means 22 are arranged.

Figure 14 also illustrates a plate 13 with a tab 24, which either grips over the cross bar 10, 11 or is pressed onto it. Figure 15 shows an installation situation of the plate from Figure 14. A plate 13 rests against a stone 2 6 and is supported by a support plate 40 on the stone 2 6. The tab 24 grips over the bar 11 above the cross bar 12.

Figure 16 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of a plate 13. Here, longitudinal edges 13e, 13e' are bent laterally and bent at one end 32 in such a way that they merge into retaining tongues 36 which rest on longitudinal bars 10, 11. This plate 13 has a shape that is easy to manufacture and is particularly dimensionally stable and resistant to deformation due to the bevel.

&Iacgr;&ogr;

LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

100 Reinforcement arrangement

200 Lintel

10 Longitudinal bar

11 Longitudinal bar

12 cross bars

13 plate-shaped bodies 13a,b engagement elements 13c lower end area

13e,e' Longitudinal edges of the plate-shaped bodies

13f tooth-like profiling

13g,g ¹ leg ends

14 End of plate

15 stones of the runner layer

16 stones of the rolling layer

17 Longitudinal joint

18 tongues

20 Profiling

22 sublime means

24 tab

26 Stone

30 frame-like recess

32 End of the plate-shaped element

34 slit strip

3 6 retaining tabs

38 Overlap clamp

4 0 Support plate

a Distance between longitudinal bars

b Distance between longitudinal bars

d Longitudinal bar diameter

h Height of the plates

Claims (25)

Expectations Reinforcement arrangement (100) for embedding in a masonry, wherein the masonry is a facing lintel with stretcher layers and with an underlying stretcher or rolling layer, wherein furthermore, in order to establish a bond between compression and/or tension zones of the facing lintel, the compressive stones (15) of the stretcher layer above the reinforcement arrangement (100) form an anchoring system, which holds the stones (16) of the rolling layer attached below the masonry reinforcement, wherein furthermore the reinforcement arrangement (100) comprises the following, a support element which is embedded in the horizontally running mortar or cement/mortar bed of a longitudinal joint (17) above the rolling layer (16) and consists of longitudinal bars (10, 11) running parallel to one another, a metal strip or a mesh fabric, and form elements which are embedded in the mortar or cement/mortar bed of vertical joints between stones (16) of the rolling layer or stretcher layer and are arranged on the longitudinal bars (10, 11), characterized in that that the shaped elements are plate-shaped bodies (13) which are integrated into the runner layer and/or into the 18 roll layer and are led into an adjacent mortar or cement/mortar joint parallel to the longitudinal joint, and that the panels are further provided with a profile and/or raised means. 2. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that each plate-shaped body (13) is provided on both sides with engagement elements (13a, 13b) for engaging in the longitudinal bars (10, 11) of the reinforcement arrangement (100). 3. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the engagement elements (13a,13b) are resiliently elastic. 4. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each plate end (14) ends on one of the longitudinal bars (10, 11), that the plate-shaped bodies (13) are essentially U-shaped or V-shaped, wherein the plate-shaped bodies (13) can be detachably fastened or clamped to the longitudinal bars (10, 11). 5. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each plate-shaped body (13) has perforations or surface profiling. • i- r · * ·♦· * fll * « &igr; y 6. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Plate ends (14) are hook-shaped, preferably such that the curvature of the hook-shaped end (14) is matched to the longitudinal bar diameter (d) and is clamped to the longitudinal bars (10, 11) under a pre-tension and/or the hook-shaped ends (14) can be clamped to the longitudinal bars (10, 11) by means of a snap-in closure. 7. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plate-shaped bodies (13) are of different lengths and that a base piece of the U-shaped plate-shaped body (13) is shorter than a distance (b) between the parallel longitudinal bars (10,11). 8. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the longitudinal bars (10, 11) are connected to one another by transverse bars (12), which are preferably arranged at an equidistant distance (a) from one another. 9. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that the plate-shaped bodies (13) are arranged on the cross bars (12). 10. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the longitudinal bars (10,11) of the reinforcement arrangement (100) consist of ribbed steel bars. 11. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the transverse bars (12) of the reinforcement arrangement (100) consist of ribbed or smooth steel bars. 12. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the longitudinal bars (10,11) of the reinforcement arrangement (100) consist of flat steel. 13. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the cross bars (12) of the reinforcement arrangement (100) consist of flat steel. 14. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) has angled sections (13d) on one or both sides in its lower end region (13c). &ogr;·&igr; 15. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) has a tooth-like, in particular sawtooth-like, profiling (13f) on its longitudinal edges (13e, 13e'). 16. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) is cut from a strip. 17. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) is U- or V-shaped with bendable leg ends (13g, 13g ¹ ). 18. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) is provided with bendable tabs for securing the stones (16). 19. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) has a frame-like recess (3 0). · ♦· 20. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) has a profile at one end (32) onto which a slotted strip (34) can be attached. 21. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) has retaining tongues (36) at one end (32), which can preferably be suspended on the transverse bars (12) or longitudinal bars (10, 11). 22. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) has at least one overlapping clamp (38) at one end (32) for overlapping the longitudinal bars (10, 11). 23. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) has a support plate (4 0) at one end (32). 24. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the longitudinal bars (10, 11) and/or the transverse bars (12) and/or the plate-shaped bodies (13) are at least partially plastic-coated. * · 4 9 9&PSgr;* 9 ··· · · 9 9 t * · 25. Reinforcement arrangement (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 23,
characterized in that lateral edges (13e, 13e') of the plate-shaped body (13) are bent, the edges (13e, 13e') being angled at one end (32) in such a way that they merge into retaining tongues (36).