DE2931953A1 - FAN DRIVE - Google Patents

Description

Cummins Engine Company, Inc., 1000 Fifth Street, Columbus, Indiana, U.S.A.

Fan drive

The invention relates to a fan drive for an internal combustion engine, an engine, a fan and an engine lubrication device, the fan drive including an engine coupling and fan, said clutch enclosing a pressure chamber; engaged the engine with the Fan coupled and uncoupled separates the engine from the fan, whereby by the fan drive a supply and a return line runs and facilities for connecting these supply lines and return lines for continuously circulating the lubricant while the drive

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Bremen / Bremen Office: Postfach / P. O. Box 10 7127 Feldstrasse 24, D-2800 Bremen • Telephone: (0421) »74044 Facsimile / Telecopier: Rank Xerox Telegr. / Cables: Diagram Bremen Telex: 244 958 bopatd

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Accounts Bremen: Bremer Bank, Bremen (BLZ 290 80010) 1001449 Deutsche Bank, Bremen (BLZ 290 700 50) 1112002 PSchA Hamburg (BLZ 200 100 20) 1260 83-202

Munich Office:

P.O. Box / P. O. Box 14 0108

Schlotthauerstrasse

D-8000 Munich

Telephone: (089) 65 23

Telegr. / Cables: Telepatent Munich

Telex: 523937 jus d (code: forbo)

BOEHMERT & BOEHMERT

factory are provided by the fan drive.

Internal combustion engines, such as diesel engines, usually have a cooling fan that is powered by the Engine is powered and air moves through the engine's radiator and through the engine. The purpose This device consists in preventing the engine and attached accessories from overheating to protect. In the past, a fan was connected to run continuously was driven regardless of engine temperature or speed. Lately, however, are Fan drives with couplings have been developed, which operate the fan only under certain conditions drive. E.g. the fan does not need to be turned on on a cold day or when the vehicle is at a high speed moved, driven, because then cooling would not be necessary or desirable. The purpose Such a fan drive consists in driving the fan only when cooling is needed and so to save fuel and release more energy to operate the vehicle, if no fan cooling is required. Another purpose is to reduce fan noise, by disconnecting the clutch whenever possible.

A number of fan drives have been developed to perform this function. The US-PS 29 27 563 contains a system in which the engine coolant is used as the working fluid, whereby a Temperature sensor for the engine coolant to control the clutch is included. The US PS

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38 04 219 and the brochure from Borg Warner Corporation Form 2262-7 R 5M2 / 76 contain a drive, at the compressed air is used to operate the clutch.

The disadvantage of drives according to the prior art is that so far 3 or more fluid lines were required to drive. In the case of an air pressure powered system, air pressure lines must be used must be connected, and hydraulic lines must be provided for coolant in the case of a clutch actuated by the coolant pressure Control line and two lines circulating the coolant can be used.

Another disadvantage of the known drives is the operation of at least some of the known ones Facilities. Pressure is applied to actuate the clutch by opening a valve that is activated by the Closing the valve should be dismantled. However, when the valve is closed, the pressurized Fluid is trapped in the coupling and the pressure decreases relatively slowly when the fluid leaks through the parts of the clutch. This relatively slow pressure reduction can lead to the Clutch works grinding, whereby an additional heating of the clutch disc as well as smooth grinding and / or Wear of the discs occurs.

The object of the invention is therefore to create an improved fan drive that the Avoids disadvantages of the prior art, in particular

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reduces the number of liquid lines and that Disengaging and engaging the clutch disks is safer designed.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that the fan drive contains a control line, which is connected to the pressure chamber, still responsive to the engine temperature, between the Control line and the supply line attached valves, the lubricant pressure when the valves are open acts in the pressure chamber, are provided.

So the drive uses the engine lubricant as a control and lubricant, whereby only two liquid lines are necessary for the drive. A A depressurization valve is supplied which is operated by the lubricant pressure and centrifugal forces will.

In particular, a fan drive according to the invention has a coupling with a pressure chamber. Furthermore, the drive opens up a liquid feed or supply line, a liquid return line as well as a fluid control line. The feed and return lines are connected to the Engine lubrication system connected. The lubricant flows continuously through these two lines during operation. On to the engine temperature responsive valve is from the temporary inlet of lubricant from the supply line to Control line provided; For this reason, only two lubricant lines are required to the drive. Farther the actuator closes a pressure-reducing valve

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in the pressure chamber to increase the lubricant pressure very quickly when the temperature controlled valve is closed.

Overall, the invention thus relates to a drive for the fan of an internal combustion engine, wherein the drive includes a clutch connecting the engine and the valve blades. A Pistons moved by a controlling fluid can actuate the clutch through this movement. The fan drive is connected to the engine lubrication systems in such a way that the engine lubricant is used as Control fluid acts. An engine temperature controlled Circuit operates the clutch to engage and disengage at certain engine temperatures. The fan drive has a supply line, a return line and a control line on, but only two fluid lines are necessary for the coupling. If the temperature-responsive When the clutch is disengaged, a valve relieves the pressure in order to quickly disengage the clutch to separate.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the claims and from the following description, in which an embodiment is explained with reference to the drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a side view of an internal combustion engine with one according to the invention Fan drive;

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged section of the fan drive shown in FIG. 1; FIG.

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3 is a fragmentary, enlarged view of a valve of the fan drive; and

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing other positions of the parts.

In Fig. 1, the reference numeral 1O denotes an engine, which can be constructed conventionally, except for the drive of the fan and the associated control lines. The engine 10 includes a head 11, an engine block 12, an oil tank 13, a turbocharger 14 and a branched Line system 15 a. A pulley 17 is for driving with the crankshaft of the engine 10 by an additional Gearbox (not shown) connected, and is used to add additional equipment to the engine, included to drive a fan drive 21 (Figs. and 2) according to the invention.

The fan drive 21 is by a mounting bracket 21 attached to the front end of the engine 10. A variety of threaded holes 24 are formed by the fastening bracket 22, for example around the bracket 22 on a machine part 20 to be fastened by the use of bolts. On the mounting bracket 22 is a stationary one Shaft 26 rigidly attached, which extends from the mounting bracket 22 to the front. The shaft 26 is cylindrical and its central part 29, which is attached to the bearing, which is identified by the reference numeral 29, begins, has a reduced diameter. The front third 31 of the shaft 26, which is of a other bearing 32 begins, has an even smaller diameter. The last third of this wave is denoted by the reference numeral 30.

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A bearing bush 36 is rotatably mounted on the front third 31 of the shaft 26 and carries the fan blades 35 as well as the support of the fan blades 34. The bushing 36 has an inner bore 37 which fits over the portion 31 of the shaft 26, with a Needle bearing 38, the bearing bush 36 rotatably mounted on the shaft 26. Between the front face of the Shaft 26 and the central portion of the bearing bush are a number of annular Belleville springs 42 as well a roller bearing 43 is attached. The roller bearing 43 absorbs the mechanical stress between the bearing bush 36 and shaft 26 with Belleville springs 42 preloading the bearings. The fan blades 35 and the carriers 34 are attached to a radially extending flange 44 of the bearing bush 36, with bolts 46 can be used to secure the brackets 34 to the bearing bush 36.

The fan drive 21 also includes a housing

c. a, which has a disk part 51 and a cover 52, which are connected to one another by means of a plurality of angularly offset bolts 53. The disk member 51 is rotatably supported on the rear portion 30 of the shaft 26 by means of a rear roller bearing, the cover 52 being rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the bearing bush 36 by means of a forward roller bearing 58. As shown in FIG. 1, the two bearings 54 and 58 are arranged at such an angle that the bearing 54 prevents forward movement of the disk member 51 and the bearing 58 prevents the cover 52 from moving backward. The inner race of the front stop 58 is held against the backward movement by the retaining ring 64

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prevents that in an annular recess which is made in the outer periphery of the bearing sleeve 36, further by a retaining ring 66 which is mounted between the stop 58 and the ring 64. A rear seal 57 of the axis of rotation is attached between the outer surface of the rear part 30 of the shaft 26 and the inner circumference of the disk part 51, directly at the end of the bearing 5 4 _f. Another seal 58 of the rotating shaft is attached between the outer circumference of the bearing bush and the inner circumference of the cover 52 just before the stop 5 8.

From the above it can be seen that due to the bearings 54 and 58, based on the axis 26 and the bearing bush 36 _t, the housing is rotatable. Furthermore, the axle seals 67 and 6 8 prevent the leakage of liquid from the interior of the housing. A pair of annular recesses 69 for receiving V-belts are recessed in the outer periphery of the pulley part 51, which receive the two drive belts. If the engine is operating, the drive belts 18 rotate or drive the pulley part 51 and the cover 52.

Since the bearing bush 36 is rotatable both with respect to the axis 26 and with respect to the housing parts 51 and 52, the bearing bush does not rotate until there is a coupling device, generally indicated by the reference number 71 marked, has come into engagement. The coupling device 71 is in the recess that formed by the two housing parts 51 and 52, attached and includes two or more radial discs 72 a, the inwardly extending driver 73

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AA

have formed on their inner periphery. The drivers 73 are in regularly offset slots 74 the outer surface of the bearing bush 36 arranged so that these discs 72 together with the bearing bush 36 rotate. The coupling device 71 further includes three or more annular plates 76, which alternate with the washers 72. The plates 76 have a plurality of radially outwardly extending ones Driver 77, received in the axially extending slots 78 in a piston housing 79 are. The piston housing 79 includes a tubular bearing sleeve 81 which is rotatable on the middle Part 29 of the shaft 26 is mounted; a ; radially extending wall portion 82 extending from the bearing bush 81 extends radially outward to near the outer wall of the disk part 51; a tubular outer wall part that encloses the plates 26 and the washers 72 and is provided with axial slots 78 is; and a radially outwardly extending flange 84 interposed between the adjacent surfaces of the Disc part 51 and the cover 52 is clamped. A ring 86 is also located between the Flange 84 and the cover 52 to connect the piston housing 51 with the housing parts 51 and 52. There the flange 84 is clipped to the housing, obviously becomes the piston housing 79 and the plates rotated when the housing is rotated by the belt 18.

An axially movable piston 91 is provided, which is used to control the coupling device 71. The piston 91 is rotatably supported on the outer surface of the bearing bush 81 of the piston housing 79, wherein

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a seal 92 is provided between the piston 91 and the bearing bush 81. The piston 91 extends radially outwardly from the bearing bushing 31 near the inner periphery of the outer wall part 83 of the Piston housing 79. A further seal 93 is provided between the piston 91 and the outer wall section 83. On the front side of the piston 91, adjacent the plates 76, is a radially extending pressure surface 94 formed. As a result, the plates 76 and discs 72 become between the surface and a radially extending surface 96 of the cover 52 compressed when the piston 91 after is moved forward.

The pressure of the engine lubrication system lubricant is used to control the clutch. In the Axis 26 is a control line 101 extending in the axial direction, which in the axial direction Forward direction to an area that extends radially at the same height as the bearing bush 81 of the Piston housing 79 is located. A radial conduit 104 extends from the axial conduit 101 to the outer one Periphery of the axis 26, being an annular groove

106 is formed in the inner periphery of the bearing bush 81 and connects it to the line 104. A plurality of radially extending conduits

107 are formed in the bearing bush 81 and connect the channel 106 with a pressure chamber 108, which is between the front side of the piston housing 79 and the rear side of the piston 90 is located. the Chamber 108 is sealed at the inner and outer ends with the aid of the two seals 92 and 93. When the lines 101 and 104, the channel 106 and the

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Chamber 1Ο8 filled with a lubricant under pressure Obviously, the lubricant pressure will affect the piston 91 and the rear wall portion 82 of the piston housing 49 push apart. Because the piston housing 79 cannot move axially when the flange is clamped the piston 91 will move forward and the plates 76 and discs 72 will be between the Surfaces 94 and 96 compressed. Two additional seals 111 are between the bearing bush 81 of the Piston housing 79 and the axle 26 formed on opposite sides of the channel 106 to reduce pressure losses in the chamber 108 to prevent. In addition to the control line 101, there are further liquid lines in the Shaft 26 provided in order to guide the lubricant to the bearings and the coupling device 71 in order to this to cool and lubricate. An axially extending supply line 112 runs the entire length of the Axis 26 is formed and a further, axially extending return line 113 leads from bearing 26 to the rear end. In the clamping ring 62 a line 116 is formed to return flow to the line 113 from the Allow inside the case. A suction pump with bent tube 114 is connected to line 116, which pumps the lubricant from inside the housing to line 113.

The drive is connected to the engine's lubrication system by two pieces of tubing or tubes 121 and 122. That Hose section 121 is preferably in the lubrication system adjacent to the pressure or outlet side of the through the Engine driven lubricant pump (not shown) attached. The hose piece 122 is provided with a return line connected to the lubricant reservoir

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leads. Couplings or fittings 123 secure hoses 121 and 122 to bracket 22. The hose

121 connects to the supply line 112 and the hose

122 connects to return line 113. This results in a continuous flow of engine lubricant into line 112, through the bearings and around the clutch plates from line 113 when the engine and the pump will work.

The control line 101 is connected to a branched line 126, which extends from the control line 101 extends through a valve 127 to the rear end of the supply line 112. On the one on the lower end An electric solenoid 128 is attached to the valve attached to the bracket 22 and controls this valve 127. Electrical leads 129 connect the solenoid 128 to a control circuit (not shown). This control circle is not claimed and may for example contain a thermostatic switch in series with a power supply and the solenoid 128 can be connected. This switch can be connected that he senses the engine temperature and above one certain temperature is closed, thereby energizing the solenoid 128 and the valve opens.

When the valve 127 is closed, the pressure connection is between the supply line 112 and the control line 101 blocked, whereupon the lubricant only through the supply line 112, the lubrication and cooling lines flows in the fan drive and in the return line 113. When valve 127 is open, this flows Lubricant through the above-mentioned lubricants and coolants

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lines, but the full lubricant pressure also occurs in the branched line 126 and in the control line 101 on.

When the valve 127 is closed, the pressure in the chamber 108 is low and the piston 91 floats in the piston housing and does not compress the plates 76 and discs 72 while the engine 10 is operating and over the Drive belt 18 the pulley part 51 and the cover drives. If the engine temperature is a predetermined one Exceeds level, the valve 127 is opened and the lubricant pressure in the chamber 108 drives the piston 91 forwards or to the right, as shown in Fig. whereupon the discs 72 and plates 76 are compressed between surfaces 74 and 96 will. Under these conditions the panes and these plates are essentially joined together, whereby a direct drive connection between the disk part 51 and the substantially Bearing bush 36 comes about. The clutch for the Fan drive further includes a pressure relief valve 131 to reduce the pressure in chamber 108 to reduce relatively quickly after closing the valve 127. While the valve 131 in both the piston 91 as well as in the piston housing 79, it is preferably in the rear radial wall 82 of the Piston housing 79 arranged. The valve 131 includes a valve line 132 (Figs. 3 and 4), which through the rear wall 82 of the piston 79 extends adjacent the outer wall 83. This line 132 has one circular cross-section and its center line extends parallel to the axis of rotation of the piston 79. A free or unobstructed ball 133 is in the front end

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of the line 132 arranged, the diameter of the Ball 133 should be larger than the inner diameter of the valve line 132. The front end of the valve line 132 has a seat 134 for the ball and a counterbore 136 extending in the axial direction. The diameter of this counterbore 136 is considerably larger than that of the valve line 132. The seat 134 extends between valve conduit 132 and counterbore 136. As shown in Figs the diameter of the counterbore 136 is much larger than that of the ball 133, so that the ball moves freely in the radial direction Can move direction in the counterbore. If the ball 133 is on the front edge of the line 132 (Fig. 3), the front side of the ball is spaced from the piston 91, but the ball can Roll in the radial and forward direction on this seat to the position of FIG. 4, where they with the piston 91 comes into engagement, which holds the ball 133 in the counterbore. In the position shown in Fig. 4 sets the ball clears conduit 132, but is still adjacent the forward end of conduit 132. It is now considered the case that the drive belts 18, the parts 51 and 52, the piston 91 and the piston housing drive. If the valve 127 is closed and there is no lubricant in the chamber 108 adjacent to the Valve 131 is located, the centrifugal force acting on the ball 133 will move this ball outward into the position shown in Fig. Move position shown where it is prevented by the piston 91 from further movement. If that Valve 127 is opened, the lubricant flows rapidly under pressure into the chamber 108 and begins to to flow out of this chamber through conduit 132. The outflow rate of the lubricant from the

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Chamber 108 through line 132 rises rapidly until the differential pressure across ball 133 is sufficient is great to counteract the centrifugal force and move the ball 133 in the direction of its seat (Fig. 3). This differential force just mentioned is created by the pressure drop across the narrowed line, which occurs between the ball 133 and its seat 134 when the ball is in the position shown in FIG. As soon as the ball 133 is stuck and the line 132 blocks, a pressure builds up in the chamber 108 and engages, the lubricant pressure holding the ball on the ball seat.

When the valve 127 is subsequently closed, the lubricant in the chamber 108 is immediately trapped. This lubricant rotates with the part 79 and 91, whereby the lubricant on the Centrifugal force exerted by piston 91 holds the piston against the clutch plates and the clutch device keeps engaged. There was still a slight leak of lubricant from chamber 108 occurs through seals 92, 93 and 111, the lubricant pressure in chamber 108 slowly drops. It There are two forces acting on the ball 133, the centrifugal force, which moves the ball in a radial direction moved outward to the position shown in Fig. 4 as well as the lubricant force that the ball on its Seat holds. As soon as the lubricant pressure drops, the lubricant force becomes smaller than the centrifugal force and the ball then moves into the position shown in FIG. The lubricant then flows through line 132 into the chamber with pump 114, the subsequent pressure drop in chamber 108

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quickly leads to the coupling device being disengaged. The lubricant flowing out of the chamber 108 becomes replaced by air, which moves relatively easily through the seals.

From what follows it can be seen that the subject matter of the present invention is a new and useful one Fan drive acts. During the inventive Fan drive contains supply and discharge lines, through which the lubricant flows continuously, it also has a clutch control line, flows through the lubricant intermittently, with only two fluid lines to the drive are necessary. The pressure relief valve 131 causes a very rapid lubricant pressure relief and disengagement the coupling device. The valve 131 has a very simple construction and operation and works automatically without any further control means.

The function of the valve 131 depends on a number of factors such as drive speed, ball size and weight. An average specialist is enabled by taking into account the critical factors, the necessary characteristic Obtaining sizes and then constructing such a valve. In the following, a system of equations describing the forces acting on the ball 113 is specified:

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^P E = ^F 1 - ^F 2

A cos

F ₁ = 28.38 W ₉ R_ (rpm) ² sin / ^ / 2 (2)

' ^{Δ S} (1000)

F ₉ = .4333 (rpm) ² (R - R) A cos / £ / 2 (3)

^Z (1000) ^sr

A = 7T (d / 2 ^cos / 3/2) (4)

W ₂ = 4/3 J (d / ₂ ) ³ (D _B ) -4/3 5T (d / 2) ³ (D _f ) (5)

Where:

P _{E is} the lubricant pressure required to hold the ball 133 in its seat.

R, p is the radial distance from the axis of rotation of the shaft 26 to the middle of the feed line 107.

R_ is the distance from the axis of rotation of the shaft 26

toward the center of the valve line 132.

β is the angle of the ball seat 134 (see Fig. 3).

RPM is the speed of rotation of axis 26.

A is the portion of the surface of the sphere 133 that is located within by the line of contact with the ball seat (Fig. 3).

d is the diameter of the ball 133.

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W ~ is the effective weight of the ball 133 when it is is immersed in the lubricant.

D _R is the density of the ball material. D _f is the density of the lubricant.

The features disclosed in the above description, the drawing and in the following claims and advantages of the invention can be used both individually and in any combination for the implementation of the Invention in its various embodiments is essential be.

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File: C

BSZUG3ZSICHENLI3TS (LIST OF RSFSSSNCS NUMERALS)

1 1 2 ? 3 4th 5 5 6th 6th 7th 7th 8th 8th 9 9 IO engine 10 H head 11 12 engine block 12th 15 oil pan 1 ^ 14 turbochargers 14th 15 branched line system 15th 16 16 17 disc 17th 18 straps 18th 19th 19th 20 engine part 20th 21 Fan drive 21st 22 mounting bracket 22nd 23 2 ^ 5 24 holes with threads 24 25th 25th Pfi stationary wave 26th 27 27 28 bearings 28 29 central part of 26 29 30 back third of shaft 26 30th

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31 front third of shaft 26 31

32 32 33 33 3 ^ fan blade support 34 35 fan blades, blades 35 36 storage axles 36 37 hole in 36 37 38 needle roller bearings 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 annular Belleville springs 42 43 roller bearings 43 44 radial flange of 36 44 45 45 46 rivets for fastening from 34 to 36 46 47 47. 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 disc part, verb, with 5? 51 52 cover 52 53 bolts to connect 51 and 52 53 54th camp 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 bearings 58 59 59 60 60 61 ' 61 62 clamping ring 62 63 63 64 64 65 65

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67 Shaft seal 67 68 Shaft seal 68 69 69 70 70 71 coupling device 71 72 discs 72 73 carriers 73 74 74 75 75 76 annular plates 76 77 driver on 76 77 78 axial slots in 79 78 79 piston housing 79 80 80 81 tubular hub 81 82 rear wall part 82 83 outer wall part 83 84 Flange clamped to the housing 84 85 85 86 ning 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 axially movable piston 91 92 seal between 81 and 91 92 93 poetry between 83 and 91 93 94 surface 94 95 95 96 Surface of the cover 52 96 97 97 98 98 99 99 100 100

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AROUND

• Ί01 control line

102 102 103 radial line 103 104 104 105 105 106 annular groove 106 107 radial lines 107 108 chamber 108 109 109 110 110 111 seals between 81 and 26 111 112 feed line 112 113 return line 113 114 Sauapump with curved Rnh-r 114 115 115 116 management 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 pipe 121 122 hose connected to Klckführerieituna for SchmienrrH-tTpl 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 branched line 126 127 valve 127 128 electric solenoid 128 129 electrical lines m. 1? R with- RRTR * it- 130 130 131 drain valve 131 132 valve line 132 133 bullet in 132 133 134 seat for 133 134 135 135 136 axially extending counterbore

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Claims (6)

BOEHMFRT & BORHMFRT C 835 EXPECTATIONS ( 1 .y Fan drive for an internal combustion engine, which includes an engine, a fan and an engine lubricating device, the fan drive having a coupling between the engine and the fan, this coupling including a pressure chamber, the engine is coupled together with the fan and the engine is disengaged from the fan separates, with a supply and a return line running through the fan drive and devices for connecting these supply and return lines for continuously circulating the lubricant while the engine is running through the fan drive, characterized in that the fan drive has a control line (101), which is connected to the pressure chamber (1O8), also includes valves that respond to the engine temperature and are attached between the control line {IOD and the supply line (112), with the lubricant when the valves are open determining pressure in the pressure chamber (1O8) is provided. 0 * 0007/0101 BOEHMERT & BOEHMERT 2. Fan drive according to claim 1, characterized in that that the temperature responsive valves comprise a solenoid controlled fluid valve. 3. Fan drive according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the engine fastening devices for fastening the Having fan drive on the engine, characterized in that that the supply line (112) and the return line (113) by fastening devices (22) run and the control line (101) in the fastening devices extends into and within these fastening devices with the supply line connected is. 4. Fan drive according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve responsive to temperature the fastening devices (22) is attached and the control line (101) extends through this valve. 5. Fan drive according to one of the preceding claims, which also has a coupling device for connecting the supply and return lines with the engine lubrication devices has, characterized in that these coupling devices are the only connections between represent the valve drive device and the lubrication devices. 6. Fan drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that pressure-reducing devices (131) are connected to the pressure chamber (108). 030007/0903