DE2906563A1 - Vehicle driven by stored energy - has mechanical battery to store pneumatic or hydraulic and spring energy to drive vehicle through gears - Google Patents

Abstract

A cylinder (2) contains a piston (1) which is forced against a spring (3) by hydraulic fluid. The fluid is pumped into the cylinder by an electrically driven pump which is built integrally with a fluid reservoir (9). The motor can be connected (25) to any public or private source of electricity. The piston (1) carries a rod (4) which has a ratchet gear on it. This meshes with the teeth of a gear wheel (5) on the drive shaft of the vehicle. The piston is displaced hydraulically when the system is charged with the vehicle in a garage and returns under the action of the spring as the vehicle is used.

Description

title

Environmentally friendly and petroleum-independent drive system with mechanical battery Field of application and purpose The invention relates to an environmentally friendly, low-wear drive that is independent of petroleum energy with increased accident and operational safety, especially for motor vehicles. Jer drive is suitable especially for mass-produced light and medium-sized passenger cars, which in the area of road traffic is a major contributor to environmental pollution and risk as well as in the consumption of energy obtained from crude oil, whereby it must be taken into account that in the Federal Republic of Germany alone at the end of the year 1978 21.6 million passenger cars were available.

The drive takes place with mechanical energy, which is generated by means of a compact, weight- and space-saving on-board unit in for an appropriate and sensible Sufficient range and payload generated, stored and delivered, Xben will. ile mechanical energy is generated by conversion from electrical energy; the electricity required can come from public or private power supply networks can be removed.

State of the art and ritik those used today in road traffic Almost without exception, motor vehicles are rated as being powered by internal combustion engines.

Occasionally, partly for experimental purposes or in other areas, are used for the drive, among other things, air motors, hydraulic motors, electric motors or Combinations of these types of drive (e.g. hybrid drive) are used.

These drives either lead to a load and endangerment of the Environment, e.g. E.g. durcii noise development and pollutant emissions from internal combustion engines, are rail or. power line bound, have too much weight or too short range. On the other hand, crude oil stands for the profitability of fuels (e.g. petrol, diesel oil, kerosene) for driving internal combustion engines unlimited available. Also other liquid, gaseous or solid substances for the drive of internal combustion engines is not available indefinitely, too expensive or zil low energy.

With battery-electric drives, the acquisition costs of the Vehicle because of the holmen Hatteriekosten significantly higher than with vehicles conventional drive.

In addition, the energy and power density are unfavorable and have a high empty weight and a low payload as well as a low Iteichbereich for Episode.

The ones used to power conventional internal combustion engines Energy sources (especially gasoline and diesel fuels) are flammable and potentially explosive.

The management, transport and storage of these materials are special Hazards associated, The number of accidents caused by these substances is considerable; these accidents often result in severe property and personal injury.

Internal combustion engines require a complex, expensive and fault-prone Cooling.

The efficiency of the internal combustion engine is low, because energy is generated Discussion (especially by working at great speed stch reciprocating levers) and those caused by burns and explosions Heat development and release is lost.

Combustion process, explosions as well as the numerous moving ones In internal combustion engines, parts are the cause of high levels of wear and tear the short lifespan; therefore repair and maintenance are also costly.

Combustion engines are because of their complicated technology (including ignition and carburetor) prone to failure and not easy to handle. The weather conditions have a major impact on functionality.

as well as carrying the fitr required for the drive of the internal combustion engines Fuel results in a considerable increase in weight.

It does not seem impossible that in the future motor vehicles powered by nuclear energy; the safety, weight and cost problems but are still largely unsolved today.

Spring-force motors are proposed for driving motor vehicles wherein; however, such vehicles are not manufactured commercially and not in Road traffic used.

In the proposals made, the amount of energy that can be stored is the range and the payload too low; Energy and power density are insufficient. Also is the dependence on the stationary charging devices that require high investments, big. This contrasts with watches and toys, in particular in toy cars, the drive with Fe.ierkraftmotoren known and - albeit in decreasing mass - common; the drives are preferably equipped with spiral springs. The mechanical energy that can be stored in Spirtlfelern is low, even if it is <dimensioned charging devices or when using several or corresponding dimensioned spiral springs. It should be noted that for motor vehicles usable spring force motors limit the size and weight of the drives be do not have to because a reasonable size (length, height and width) of the vehicle is not can be exceeded, on the other hand an appropriate payload and range should be ensured. There is no compact, Space- and weight-saving on-board unit that can be connected to public or private power supply networks and in which the for a reasonable range and payload required mechanical energy generated, stored and can be delivered to the drive wheels.

Object The invention is based on the object, in particular for Motor vehicles are environmentally friendly, made from petroleum or otherwise or manufactured liquid, gaseous or solid propellants and of electrical Batteries independent, less prone to failure, maintenance-free, low-wear, Weather-, climate- and hell-friendly as well as simple and cost-saving to manufacture To create drive.

The invention is intended to make it possible to carry flammable, poisonous or explosive fuels in motor vehicles and storage and the transport of such substances is unnecessary; thus also security policy Wishes taken into account.

The task is also that of locomotion of the aircraft uni for a sufficient and meaningful range and allowance (young erfortlerliche mechanical energy iii a compact weight- and space-saving on-board system to generate, store and deliver to the .ntriebsrader; alternatively, the required mechanical energy generated by means of a stationary unit and in an on-board or replaceable mechanical battery.

The secondary energy is intended for the conversion into mechanical drive energy It is preferable to use electricity from the public power supply network or private electrical power grids are largely available everywhere.

Furthermore, the object of the invention is the generation, storage and delivery of the meciianisciie'i Eneri C to the respective demand (e.g. during load operation) to adjust and to regulate the adjustment steplessly.

Finally, the object of the invention is to be seen in a drive with higher efficiency as well as an optimal load control.

Solution This object is achieved according to the invention (claim 1) that the vehicle is driven by mechanical energy that is generated by means of a compact, weight and 1 space-saving burde-owned unit generated, stored and is released, the elements that are permanently or detachably connected to one another consists of: 1. Hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical loading device that the Conversion of electrical into mechanical energy and its electrical energy Drive unit for charging to the public power supply network or can be connected to private power grids.

2. Mechanical battery, consisting of one or more depending on the Needs that can be switched on and off individually and with springs, preferably with disc springs, Fuffer or other hooded springs for the storage of mechanical elements Energy.

3. Output device in the form of a rack or pinion gear.

Further embodiment of the invention The mechanical battery is preferably with the built-in hy @ranical, pneumatic or mechanical The device that is part of the on-board propulsion system is charged. The charging device should alternatively or additionally be connected to a stationary drive can be, e.g. E.g. if the on-board drive fails or if at higher @ rem Energy requirement of the on-board drive or, if the energy requirement is higher, the and the connection to a more powerful stationary drive unit is necessary will. Line further refinement (Dependent claim 2) of the invention Therefore, be aware that the hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical system of the Loading device for the alternative or additional connection with a static / ionic hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical drive unit with a special one Connection is equipped, with this connection in the hydraulic and the pneumatic lid device designed as a detachable pipe connection io (Figure 1 to 4) and in the case of the mechanical loading device frictionally on a shaft 20 (FIG 5, b, 7).

According to a further embodiment of the invention (dependent claim 3) are the hydraulic un <i the pneumatic loading device (Figures 1 to 4 digits 1,2,3,4,9,11) equipped with the control element 7 (Figures up to 4). Through the control can check the speed and the amount of to and from the impression cylinder 2 (Figures 1 to 4) flowing hydraulic fluid or compressed air and thus also the Generation, storage and delivery of the iii stored in the mechanical battery Stepless control of mechanical energy and no need (e.g. during load operation) adapt 5 s According to a further embodiment (dependent claim 4) of the invention in the case of the mechanical battery equipped with a mechanical charger (Figure 6) the delivery of the stored energy by a mechanical control system steplessly regulated, with the mechanical loading device at the same time control system is and a separate electric motor powered by a lord battery 26 or to an on-board battery switchable electrical drive motor 22 of the mechanical Loading pre-assembly serves as a drive for the control system in order to use a mechaniselien Charging device equipped mechanical battery (Figure 7, t3,9) the delivery of the Stored mechanical energy steplessly regulate according to demand (e.g. with Load operation) to be able to adapt, is after further training (Dependent claim 5) of the invention a hydraulic control system (Figure 7,8,9 Numbers 1,2,4,29,30), with the housing 2 (Figure 7,8,9), the piston 1 (Figures 7, 8, 9) and the toothed rack 4 (Figures 7, 8, 9), which is partially designed as a piston rod 7,8,9) of the mechanical battery at the same time parts of the hydraulic control system are. Instead of the hydraulic staging system, with an appropriate design and choice of elements, a pneumatic control system can also be provided.

The above-ground drive system can thus be designed to be more space-saving that according to a further development of the invention (dependent claim 6) ic output device instead of a rack and pinion gear (Figure 1,3, 4,5,6) with a chain gear (Figure 2, 4, numbers 14, 15) is provided.

To save space, the mechanical loading device and the output device are largely combined into one unit. A further development of the invention (dependent claim 7) therefore provides that the output device (Figure 7 Eiffer 1,2,4,5,6) at the same time part of the mechanical bathing device ( Figure 7 numeral 1,2,4,5,0,22,25).

To store larger amounts of energy in the mechanical battery for which the capacity of the on-board loading device is insufficient, or if there is no on-site charging device, another one is available , training (dependent claim 8) of the invention in that for charging to ciner stationary hydraulic pneumatic or mechanical lay device the one or multi-cell mechanical battery (Figures 8 and 9, numbers 1, 2, 3, 4) with or chne die Other on-board units or parts thereof can be taken on and replaced as Stationary bathing devices can also be incredibly powerful units (e.g. large presses) can be used, when dimensioning them, space and weight issues are not as important as in on-board activities. Figure 8 shows an embodiment of a removable and replaceable mechanical battery in built-in condition with hydraulic control system (29 and 30) and parts the output device (Zi fer 5,6,12), Fig. 9 is an exemplary embodiment the replaceable mechanical battery in the removed state without parts (Number 30) of the hydraulic control system and the one for the output device belonging and shown in Figure b parts 7,6 and 12. In Figure 9 is also the replaceable and removed mechanical battery can be seen in La @ eposition ; the hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical La @evorrichtung 27 and 28 is shown schematically. take them out. replaceable mechanical battery can also be installed as an alternative or with an on-board unit hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical loading device, and although under Verkenung @er in Figures 1 to 7 shown construction elements or parts of it.

Un for a multi-cell mechanical battery (Figures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8) the stored mechanical energy as required (e.g. with load drive) one or any number of energy cells simultaneously or one after the other The energy cells should be called up individually by means of switchable couplings be switched on and off. Another embodiment of the invention (dependent claim 9) therefore consists in the gearbox being the Dei of the multi-cell mechanical battery (4.5 or 14.15 or 5.17) of the output device by means of clutches 12 is connected to the take-off shaft 8.

Achievable Distribution The distributions that can be achieved with the invention exist primarily in the fact that motor vehicles in particular are free of pollutants, low-noise, more accident-proof and independent of petroleum or otherwise extracted or manufactured liquid, solid or gaseous fuels and independent of electric batteries can be striven for, with mechanical ener @ ie, @ie in far an appropriate and sensible range and payload of the required amount in one compact weight and weight Space-saving on-board unit generated, stored and via a power take-off device is delivered to the drive wheels, with the generation, storage and delivery the mechanical energy steplessly to the respective demand (e.g. during load operation) ang pa @ st can be.

Mechanical energy is converted from electrical energy obtained in the on-site drive system, which is used to absorb energy from the public power supply network, to private power grids and with appropriate dimensioning and equipment of the Power reduction / places can also be connected in private hospitals; the energy consumption is almost less location-based than with other drive systems.

The mechanical battery is for storing the required energy with springs, preferably with Telier springs, buffer springs or other helical springs stocked. Plates and peppers in particular have the advantage that they can be used with the smallest Additional space and, with small spring deflections, greater spring forces than when using other springs (e.g. spiral springs) result. Spiral springs also have the Disadvantage that the torque changes significantly with the number of elevator revolutions.

The mechanical battery is pre-installed with the built-in hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical loading device, which is part of the on-board propulsion system. But it can also be removed and exchanged be designed (Figure H, 9) If there is no on-board loading device, this is defective or its capacity to generate larger amounts of energy is not sufficient, the replaceable mechanical battery can be removed and can be charged in stationary charging devices, even for unusually large Performances are designed (e.g. large hydraulic presses with unusually high to press). When equipping the mechanical battery with one or more uni appropriately dimensioned disc springs, buffer or other helical springs the range and payload of the vehicle can be increased considerably. A @ Another advantage is a standardized replaceable mechanical battery in that charged batteries are kept in stock and against enalcharged batteries can be exchanged.

Another advantage arises from the fact that the Transport and storage of dangerous, unhealthy, polluting, Fire-hazardous and potentially explosive non-energy sources (e.g. gasoline, erosine, Diesel fuel, liquid gas) ent @ at @ en, @ i @ number of those caused by such substances Personal injury and property damage will be less, especially in terms of what the deaths and serious injuries caused by burns and explosions matters.

the pollution of road traffic and the environment as well as wear and tear the roads due to bulk transport will be less lier maohani see battery drive Linsen has a higher degree of use, as tally, soffit losses are lower and less Energy is consumed by heat generation and Eärmecabgabe.

The wear and tear is not as high as in the case of a combustion engine, because, among other things, there is no going back and forth at high speeds and at high temperatures move forward the piston are in place. The lease term is therefore longer. A cooling not necessary. The mechanical battery drive requires less maintenance, which is also not so expensive. The susceptibility to failure is lower than with the internal combustion engine, since complex and technically complex components (e.g. Ignition system, carburettor, injection system) are not often required in small numbers ; the result is a higher operational and starter safety, a @ ch in extreme cases Weather conditions. About mechanical battery drive has fewer parts and is therefore with less technical effort and cheaper to produce. Dr runs quietly and is free from self-tremors; there are no critical speeds; the Running culture is optimal. There is no need for a rotating output Masses, as there are no free mass forces. Repairs are easier and cheaper.

Description of the exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and described in more detail below. Show it Figure 1 On-board drive system with mechanical battery according to the main claim 1 with rack and pinion gear as an output device.

the reference symbols mean: 1 piston 2 cylinder 3 disc spring 4 rack, at the same time designed as a piston rod 5 gear 6 output shaft 7 Hy @ raulisches or pneumatic control element 8 non-return valve 9 Bolde's own drive unit the hyiraulic or paeumatic loading device, including a pressure vessel and @lektromotor as a preferred drive machine 10 pipe connection (detachable) for additional or alternative stationary drive unit of the hydraulic or pneumatic loading device 11 supply and return line of the hy @ raulic or pncumatic La @ e device 25 Connection for stationary power source The on-board propulsion system consists of a mechanical battery for storing mechanical Energy from a hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical loading device Conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy with a power take-off device for the delivery of the stored mechanical energy to the drive wheels of the motor vehicle.

The mechanical battery, the charger and the delivery device are combined to form a compact on-board drive system, namely in the Type that part of one unit is functionally part of the or of the other aggregates.

The mechanical battery consists of a spring 3, which is in a housing 1 is housed, which doubles as a pressure cylinder and energy converter for the hyaraulic or pneumatic loader is used, which is made up of the elements 1,2,4,7,8,9,10,11,25 composed. As a spring 3 is a Tellerfer in the form of a Spring column in front. The spring is dimensioned so that it also has great forces can accommodate that for a safe reach and payload of the powered Vehicle are required. But there are also other springs into consideration such. E.g. Fuffer (as shown in Figures 8 and 9) and other Seb helical springs.

In particular, disc and buffer springs have the advantage that with the smallest space requirement and small spring deflections result in greater spring forces than when using other springs. This is the drive energy that can be stored in Spiralfe @ ern for a reasonable range and payload in motor vehicles zn low; Coil springs also have the disadvantage that the torque increases with the number of elevator revolutions changes greatly.

@ is used when the hydraulic or pneumatic loading device is actuated Hydraulic fluid or compressed air slides into the single-acting cylinder 2, the piston 1 moves and compresses the spring 3, @through the spring mechanical Bnergie is saved.

When the return line 11 is opened by the control element 7 (e.g. Valve or throttle) the hydraulic fluid or the compressed air flows out of @em Cylinder 2 zarück and releases the piston 1, which is caused by the spring back 3 is returned to its original pitch. @ber @ie partly as a rack trained upper rod 4, the gear 5 and the output shaft 6 is darch ile in the spring 3 stored mechanical energy the straight movement of Kolbensi converted into a rotary motion. The rack and pinion gear that comes from the Rack 4, the gear 5 and the output shaft 6 is part of the drive device.

The on-board drive unit 9 of the hydraulic or pneumatic The charging device is preferably powered by a built-in electric motor driven.

To exclude the electric motor from a stationary power source can, a connection element 25 (z. B. In the form of a plug socket) is provided. The electric motor can be connected via a cable connection. As stationary The power source comes from the oil power grid or private power grids into consideration.

Maintain the pressure in cylinder 2 by means of the check valve @ and the compressed spring 3 can be locked.

Through the control element 7, the delivery of the mechanical Battery stored energy continuously regulated.

Via the Rahr connection 10 the on-board hydraulic or pneumatic Loading device alternatively or additionally to a stationary hydraulic or pneumatic drive unit must be excluded if, for example, E.g. the on-board Drive unit 9 of the charging device fails or more energy is required than the on-board drive unit can deliver. The stationary drive unit can be designed in such a way that unusually large energies are also available (e.g. with oversized printing presses), because space and weight are not due to the size and the range and the additional weight of the vehicle are limited.

Figure 2 On-board monitor system with mechanical battery according to Main claim 1 with chain transmission as the output device.

The reference symbols mean: 1 piston 2 cylinder 3 spring 6 output shaft 7 Hydraulic or pneumatic control element 8 Check valve 9 On-board equipment Drive unit of the hydraulic or pneumatic loading device, consisting of including pressure vessel and sheet metal motor as a preferred drive machine 10 pipe connection (detachable) for additional or alternative stationary drive unit of the hydraulic or pneumatic loading device 11 supply and return line of the hydraulic or pneumatic loading device 14 chain 15 sprocket 25 connector for stationary Power source This is a further exemplary embodiment (dependent claim 2) of the invention shown in FIG. 1 and written there in a bush (main claim 1). The further embodiment of the invention provides that the delivery of the mechanical Battery stored energy is not via a rack gearbox (fig. 1 digit 4,5,6), but via a chain transmission et'fo-lgt, the atts tier chain 14, the Chain wheel 15 and the shaft 6 consists. The chain transmission is with appropriate Arrangement of its elements space-saving than a rack and pinion gear. Instead of the one shown Other springs can also be used in helical springs, preferably disc and buffer springs.

Figure 3 On-board drive system with mechanical battery according to Main claim 1 with mchrzelliger battery and rack and pinion drive as an output device.

1) The reference symbols mean: 1 piston (four) 2 cylinders (four), in a block summarized 3 fire \ the (four) 4 toothed rod (four), simultaneously as piston rod designed 5 gear wheel (four 6 output shaft 7 hy @ raulisches or pneumatic Control element 8 Check valve 9 On-board drive unit for the hydraulic or pneumatic lure device, consisting of. a. from pressure tank and electric motor as a preferred @is drive machine 10 pipe connection (detachable) for additional or alternative stationary drive unit of the hydraulic or pneumatic Loading device 12 Switchable clutch (four) 13 Hydraulic or pneumatic Control element (four) for switching the individual battery cells on and off 25 Connection for stationary power source This is a further exemplary embodiment the invention shown in Figure 1 (main claim 1) and described there with the further embodiment that instead of the single-cell, a multi-line mechanical Battery is in front of it, so instead of just one spring element in several (here: four) spring elements (number 3) stored mechanical energy. The mechanical battery can also have more than four cells, depending on the energy requirements be interpreted. The number of spring elements 3 (four in the exemplary embodiment) corresponds the number (four) of printing cylinders 2, which are combined into a cylinder hole are in a @ row. The cylinders can also be used as a double row, in V-, @-, H-, cross-, double-star Doxer- o @ er arranged in any other suitable form will ; The number, size and arrangement of the cylinders depend, among other things, on the energy requirement, they are limited by the space available in the vehicle and by the weight of the vehicle and the payload.

as in the four spring elements @ stored energy is via the four rack and pinion gears, which consist of, among other things, th racks 4 and gears 3, Last output shaft 6 is released.

The four switchable clutches 12 can be used as required (e.g. E.g. during load operation) the stored energy from one or more spring elements (Zilfer 3).

Depending on the requirements, the in the hydraulic or pneumatic can be read with the Milfe Loading device, which bristles from the elements 1,2,4,7,8,9,10,11,25, provided Control elements 13 (z. B. Valves) one or more spring elements (3) with mechanical recharge energy.

Instead of the Eur @ provided Schaubenfeaer 3 also other springs come in Detracht, preferably Telter and buffer springs.

Figure 4 on-board drive system with mechanical battery according to Main claim 1 with a multi-cell battery and chain transmission as the output device.

The reference symbols denote 1 piston (four) 2 cylinders (four 3 springs (four) 6 output shaft 7 hydraulic or pneumatic control element 8 @ check valve 9 On-board drive unit for the hydraulic or pneumatic loading device, Impressive, among other things, from a pressure vessel and an electric motor as a preferred drive machine 10 Pipe connection (detachable) for additional or alternative stationary drive unit the hydraulic or pneumatic loading device 11 supply and return line of the hydraulic or pneumatic loading device 12 switchable clutch (four) 13 Hydraulic or pneumatic control element (four) for switching on and off of the individual battery cells 14 chain (four) 15 chain wheel (four) 25 connection Inr stationary power source The on-board drive system shown in @ igur4 it is a further exemplary embodiment of the one shown in FIG. 1 (main claim 1) the invention shown and described. Kier is on an on-board propulsion system with a multi-cell mechanical battery not a rack and pinion gear (Figure 1 number 4,5,6; Figure 3 number 4,5,6,12), but as in Figure 2 (number 4,5,6) shown and described a gearbox ats output device provided, that from the shaft 6, the switchable clutch 12, the chain 14 and the sprocket 15 exists. The chain transmission is more space-saving than the rack and pinion transmission.

Figure 5 on-board drive system with mechanical battery according to main claim 1 with a single-cell battery and one equipped with a spindle gear mechanical loading device.

Us denotes the reference symbols 3 spring 5 gear 6 output shaft 12 Six-fold coupling 16 spindle 17 toothed rack, hollow 18 spring housing 19 spacer rings 20 holes for connecting (detachable) an additional or alternative stationary Charging unit 21 locker imutter, switchable and releasable 22 electric motor as drive machine the bor @@ own mechanical loading device, @e at the same time the stepless control serves to deliver energy.

24 @olben 25 Connection for stationary power source It is to a further embodiment of the one shown in Figure 1 (main claim 1) and described original invention. Instead of the hydraulic or pn @ umatic loading device (Figure 1 digit 1,2,7,8,9,10,11,25) is one mechanical loading device (Figure 5, numbers 3, 12, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25).

When charging the mechanical battery, the rotary motion of the an on-board electric motor 22 driven spindle 16 via the spindle nut 21 converted into a linear movement of the piston 24. The spindle nut 21 and the piston 24 are firmly connected to each other. The piston 24 is the also housed in the cylindrical guide housing 18 spring 3 compressed ; The required mechanical energy is thus stored in the spring 3. The guide rings 19 hold the spindle in the desired position.

Fixed to the piston 24 is the rack 17, which together with the gear 5 and the output shaft 6 represents the output device. To the Receiving the spindle 16, the rack 17 is held hollow.

The on-board electric motor provided for the drive @er spindle 16 22 is connected to the terminal 25 to a stationary power source.

With the help of the switchable clutch 12, the electric motor 22 Uncouple an- unti.

forth the shaft So the on-board loading device can alternatively or additionally connected to a stationary drive unit (preferably an electric motor) if, for example, the on-board electric motor is defective or more mechanical Energy is to be stored as the on-board drive to supply the charger can so the on-board drive system can be connected to very powerful stationary ones Connect @lektromote to generate larger amounts of mechanical energy for larger distances or to be able to store larger payloads.

For discharging the energy stored in the mechanical battery the spindle 16 is rotated in the opposite direction.

The rotary movement of the spindle 16 is controlled by the spindle nut 21 in a rectilinear movement of the piston 24 converted. The piston 24 is the spring 3 fell, left the stored mechanical energy via the spring back Rack and pinion gears 5 and 17 deliver to the Abtriebswe @ e 6.

When unloading the spindle 16 in the opposite direction by a On-board electric control motor 26 rotated, which is connected to an on-board electric battery connected.

The electric drive motor 22 of the Loading device by means of appropriate gear and switching elements as a control motor which is connected to an electrical on-board battery. Through the Control control motor, the release of the stored mechanical energy is stepless regulated.

As a third possibility for a stepless regulation of the delivery of the stored mechanical energy is provided that the output via the output device 5,6, 17 and 24 is controlled, e.g. through a suitably designed gear. For this purpose, the Spinde @ lmut 21 is designed to be switchable and releasable, for. E.g. by dividing them into two or shaft moving sectors, which brightens the unloading process be jerked together and lifted off the spindle and release it, so the piston 2, which is firmly connected to the spindle nut 21, is freely movable. During the loading process, the sector parts of the spindle nut 21 move together, the @ lower engages in the thread of the spindle 16.

Figure (> On-board drive system with mechanical battery according to Main claim 1 with a mchrzelliger battery and with one equipped with @ spindle gear mechanical loading device.

It denotes aie reference numerals 3 fire (three) 5 gear wheel (@rei) 6 Abtriees t- le 12 switchable coupling (four) 16 spindle (three) 17 toothed rack, hollow (three) 18 spring housings (three, partly combined in one block) 19 spacer rings 20 shaft for the connection (detachable) of a kusatlichen or alternative stationary Charging unit 21 spindle nut (three), split and detachable 22 electric motor as drive machine the on-site mechanical loader; at the same time control motor for the stepless control of the energy output 23 gearwheels (three), switchable 24 pistons (three) 25 Connection for stationary power source 2 (> sttu motor This is to a further exemplary embodiment in Figure 1 (main claim 1) and in Figure 5 shown and described there invention rivets; the further development that a multi-cell mechanical battery is provided instead of the single-cell one, that means that instead of one spring element in three spring elements (number 3) mechanical Energy can be stored so as to increase the capacity of the mechanical battery raise. i) The mechanical battery can also be equipped with more than three Fetler elements (item 3) to be laid out; the total number is determined by the available space as well as limited by the empty and payload of the vehicle.

The number of spring elements corresponds to the number of guide cylinders (three) combined into the cylinder block 18. Because of the different Possibilities for the arrangement of the cylinders are referred to the execution for FIG taken, liic can also be made the subject of the description of FIG.

The design of the loading device takes into account that instead of one Energy cells three energy cells must be charged. The three spindle nuts 21 each have a piston moving in a straight line in the guide cylinders 18 24 firmly connected. The rotational movements of the on-board electric motor 22 driven spindles 16 are in rectilinear movements via the spindle nuts 21 the piston 24 converted. the pistons 24 also press during the loading process in the guide cylinders 18 housed springs 3 together, whereby in the windows the required mechanical energy is stored. When the fetlers bounce back 7, the stored mechanical energy is released from one of the output devices 5, and 1 17.

By means of the switchable clutches 12, depending on requirements (z. B.sp. during load operation) the stored energy from one or more energy cells can be retrieved. Depending on your needs, you can use the in the mechanical loading device provided switchable gears 23 one or more energy cells with meehaniscitcr Energy to be charged.

@Because of the electric drive of the bathing device, the stepless Deletion of the release of the stored mechanical energy and the additional Another alternative way of connecting the charging device to a stationary one Drive unit is referred to the description in FIG.

Instead of the helical spring 3 shown, other springs can also be used are provided, preferably disc and buffer springs.

Figure 7 on-board drive system with mechanical battery according to Main claim 1 with mchrzelliger battery and rack and pinion as part of a combined mechanical loading and unloading.

It denotes .ie reference numerals 1 piston (three) 2 cylinders (three, to one cm block combined) 3 Fetier (three) 4 Zalin rod (three), at the same time designed as a piston rod 5 gearwheel (three) 6 output shaft 12 switchable clutch (four) 20 shaft for the connection (detachable) of an additional or alternative stationary Charging unit 22 electric motor as the drive machine for the on-board mechanical Loading device; At the same time star motor for the stepless sealing of the energy output 25 Connection for stationary power source 29 Pipe connection (two), detachable, for the hydraulic or pneumatic control system 30 30 hydraulic or pneumatic Control system for the stepless regulation of the energy output a further exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (main claim 1) UntI there described invention with the further embodiment that loading and Output device are summarized and loading and releasing mechanical energy take place via a rack and pinion gear, which consists of deit dividers 4, 5 and 6 the Rotational movement of the on-board electric drive motor 22 wi t-i when Latlen the mechanical battery via the shaft 6, the gears 5 and the racks 4 in rectilinear movement of the pistons 24 is converted. @by, tie piston 24 the springs also accommodated in the cylindrical guide housings 18 3 compressed. The required mechaiti should be energy in the springs 3 saved.

The on-board electric motor 22 is connected by means of the connection 22 connected to a stationary power source. With the help of the switchable clutch 12 sicii lets the electric motor on and off. About tiie wave 2o can the on-board Charging device connected alternatively or additionally to a stationary drive unit reference is made to the description in FIG. 5 for further details.

The electric drive 22 of the rack and pinion gear is used for the discharging process 4, 5 and 6 uncoupled with the aid of the switchable coupling 12. The @olben 24 will be released and returned to their starting positions by the muck suspension of the springs 3. About the piston rods 4, the gears 5 and the output shaft @ is stored in the Fe @ ern 3 mechanical Lnergie converts the rectilinear movement of the piston 24 into a breaking movement.

The stored mechanical energy can be delivered via an on-board hydraulic or pneumatic control system can be regulated stufeutos. @ie control system consists of the cylinder 2, a pipe, the detachable pipe connection 29 and the stepping unit 30. The drive of the control unit 30 takes place du t'e into an on-board electric motor, which is connected to an on-board battery The groove of the control system lets the stored mechanical energy ever nacii Retrieve demand (e.g. during load operation) from one or more energy cells .) ie Possibility of delivering the stored lern, depending on the output device or to regulate steplessly via control motors, is described in FIG.

Instead of a rack and pinion gear (Zilfer 4, 5 and 6) ka @ n as in figure 4 and described, a chain transmission can also be provided.

Figure 8 drive system with mechanical battery according to the main claim uitd subclaims Illit interchangeable mohrzel tiger build series It used the reference numerals 1 piston (two) 2 cylinders (two, combined to form a block) 3 buffer spring (two) 4 rack (two), designed as a piston rod at the same time I tlet 5 gear wheel (two) 6 output shaft 12 switchable coupling (two) 29 pipe connection (two), detachable, for the hydraulic or pneumatic control system 30 30 Hy @ raulische or pneumatic control system for the stepless regulation of the energy output The removable and replaceable mechanical battery consists of one or more Energiezel @ en @ a two-digit mechanical battery is shown.

In cylinders combined to form a cylinder block 2 is intended to house the springs 3, in which the mechanical energy is stored. The storage springs 3 are on the piston 1 and partially as toothed racks trained piston rods 4 by means of a stationary hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical unit (e.g.) pressure press as in Figure 9, numbers 27 and 28 shown schematically) and so illit mechanical Energy charged with the pressure ram (Figure 9, number 28) of the stationary unit act on the piston rods 4. For charging and changing the mechanical Battery is the cylinder block 2 with the piston rods 4 from the vehicle removed men.

As in contrast to a borrower's own charging device with a stationary one Aggregate (numbers 27 and 21: 1 of Figure 9) on weight and space saving <ie factors The stationary system does not need to be taken into consideration so much be of unusually great performance, so that in the interchangeable meetlanic Battery can also store unusually large amounts of energy, if this is the case should be necessary.

The stored mechanical energy is released via the Output device consisting of rack and pinion gears (4, 5 and 6).

Via an on-board hydraulic or pneumatic control system the output of the stored mechanical energy can be continuously regulated (See also the Besehrei0oung and representation in Figure 7). The control system consists of pressure cylinder 2, pipeline, detachable pipe connection 29 and control unit 30. The power unit 30 is driven by an on-board electric motor, which is connected to an on-board battery.

The possibility of releasing the stored mechanical energy Stepless control also via the removal device is described in FIG. 5.

The energy stored in the multi-cell mechanical battery can be z. E.g. with load operation) as one or more Call up energy cells via the switchable clutches 12.

itle removable and replaceable mechanical battery can also in built-in Zn @ tand alternatively or additionally with on-board hydraulic insulation, Pneumatisenen or mechanical loading device can be loaded, namely under Use of the construction elements or parts shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 of that.

Figure 9 drive system with mechanical data according to the main claim 1 and @ interclaims with replaceable multi-cell batteries and stationary charging unit.

It denotes the reference numerals 1 piston (two) 2 cylinders (two, zu combined in one block) 3 buffer springs (two) 4 racks (two), simultaneously designed as a piston rod 25 connection for stationary power source 27 stationary @ shydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical loading unit 28 pressure plate and pressure stamp of the stationary charging unit 29 connection (two), detachable, for hydraulic or pneumatic control system for stepless regulation of the energy output figure 9 shows the replaceable device that has been removed from the motor vehicle and shown in FIG mechanical battery without parts of the hydraulic or pneumatic control system (Figure 8 number 30) and without parts of the operating device (Figure 8 number 5, 0).

The stationary hydraulic and pneumatic systems are shown schematically or mechanical charging unit, which essentially consists of drive 27 and @ruckstempet with pressure plate 28. The charging process is described in FIG.

Claims (9)

1. Environmentally friendly and petroleum-independent drive system with mechanical battery, especially for motor vehicles, d a d u r c h g e k It is noted that the vehicle is driven by mechanical energy takes place by means of a compact, weight- and space-saving on-board unit (Figures 1 to 9) is generated, stored and issued, the following with each other permanent or detachable elements that are confused: a) hydraulic (Figures 1 to 4), , Pneumatic (Figure 1 to 1s) the mechanical (Ligur 5 to 9) loading device, the electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy and its electrical drive machine (9, 22, 27) for charging to public or private power supply networks can be connected (25). b) Mechanical batteries consist of one (Figure 1,2,5) or more (Figure 3, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9) can be switched on and off individually as required and with an or several FReders (3), preferably with disc springs, Fulfer or other screw remote equipped storage elements (Energiezel len) c) output device in the form of a Rack and pinion drive (4,5,6 or 5,6,17) or a chain drive (6,14,15) 2. Drive system according to claim 1 and sub-claims a, tiaduroh marked that the -hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical loading device for the alternative or additional connection with a stationary hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical drive unit is equipped with a special connection, whereby this connection with the hydraulic and with the pneumatic loading device is designed as a detachable pipe connection and in the mechanical loading device takes place frictionally on a shaft (20). 3. Drive system according to Anspruoh i and subclaims, characterized in that that for the stepless regulation of the generation, storage and delivery of the mechanical Energy the hydraulic and the pneumatic loading device (1,2,3,4,9,11) with a control element (7) are equipped. 4. Drive system according to claim 1 and subclaims, characterized in that that with the mechanisctsen equipped with a mechanical loading device Battery (Figure 5,6,7) the delivery of the stored energy by a mechanical Control system is regulated mute, with the mechanical loading device at the same time control system and either a separate and through an electrical one On-board battery powered electric motor (26) or on an electric on-board battery convertible drive motor (22) of the mechanical loading device as the drive of the Control system is used. 5. Drive system according to claim 1 and subclaims, characterized in that that with the mechanical one equipped with a mechanical loader Battery (Figure 7,8) the delivery of the stored Mectianic energy by a hydraulic sustaining system (1, 2, 4, 29, 30) is continuously regulated, whereby the tielläuse (2) of the mechanical battery is also the control cylinder. 6. Drive system according to claim 1 and Unteransj'rüehen, characterized in that that the output device instead of a rack and pinion gear (Figure 1,3 digit 4,516) is equipped with a chain gear (Figure 2,4, number 6, §4,15}. 7. Drive system according to claim 1 and subclaims, characterized in that that the output device (Figure 7 number 1,2,4,5,6) at the same time part of the mechanical Loading device (figure 7 number 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 22, 25). 8. Drive system according to claim 1 and subclaims, characterized in that that for charging on a stationary hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical Charging device for the single or multi-cell mechanical battery (Figures 8 and 9) with or without other aggregates or parts thereof can be leached out and removed is. 9. & ntriehssystem according to claims 1 and dependent claims, thereby marked that in the case of the multi-cell mechanical battery (Figures 3,4,6,7,8 ) for retrieving the stored mechanical energy from one or more Energy cells (2,3) the gear (4,5 or 14,15 or 5,17) of the output device are connected to the output shaft (6) by switchable clutches (12).