DE2851704A1 - REACTOR FOR COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS - Google Patents

Description

RUHRKOHLE Ctstn, dsn 7.5.157B

SHARES O ES ELLSCHAPT ΛηΡ ^ Γ / η /

ψ ZV 6 - Kae / R ^ OO I / 04

Re: New patent and utility model auxiliary application "Reactor for Coal Veroasunnsverfahren"

The invention relates to a reactor for coal gasification processes, in the case of partial oxidation of carbonaceous solids with the addition of water Bin Kohler.-monoxide and hydrogen-containing gas, which for syntheses or is used as fuel gas, is generated.

All coal gasification processes produce slag which has to be removed from the resulting gas flow. This happens For example, a water bath below the Reactor. When touching the level of the water bath -The liquid slag particles solidify. The solidified slag particles are said to be specific because of their of greater weight in the water bath and sit on the Bottom of the water bath bzu. collect in a sluice, from which the slag is then intermittently without any influence of the water bath.

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Ee now often shows that the slag is only partially sinks. This means that parts of the slag produced are capable of echwinra and collect on the surface of the üasserbaries. On the one hand, this leads to constipation of the reactor and, on the other hand, to insufficient slag removal from the synthesis gas produced. There are slag parts in downstream systems worn and lead to constipation or malfunctions there as well.

The invention is therefore based on the task of creating to prevent floatable slag.

According to the invention, it is based on the idea that the buoyancy of the slag is due to insufficient burnout, in which by a special slag flow voids arise. According to the invention, a better burnout should now be achieved by a longer residence time of the solids in the reactor guaranteed will. The longer residence time is achieved because the solids are no longer in a straight line but in a spiral shape Train can be moved through the reactor. The spiral-shaped path creates a swirl burner in the reactor.

Preferably, the substances to be gasified, e.g. B. in a coal-Uassersuspension, of the necessary for gasification Combustion air and oxygen routed separately up to the burner outlet. The separate leadership allowed a differentiated twist.

The least abrasive medium is set in rotation. That is the combustion air or the oxygen.

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When it encounters the substances to be gasified, it travels the air bzu. Oxygen flow the substances to be gasified Bit. itself and at least partially transfers its rotary motion to these substances. This happens directly at the burner outlet jim Reactor itself move the substances to be gasified, z. B. Coal and water then as a result of their rotation on a spiral path. This ensures a sufficient distance between the reactor wall and itself Protection against abrasion caused by gasification substances moving through the reactor. - «r

According to the invention, the twisting becomes helical running ridges in the combustion air bzu. Oxygen supply reached. With tubular training the feeder are the webs on the inner wall of the pipe. Instead of the webs, baffles can also be used.

The bars are fixed or movable. At fixed The bars are preferably welded on, helically bent sheets.

Spring steel sheets or spring wires are used as movable webs into consideration. With the movable bars can be Change the inclination and the twist to the respective operating conditions adapt optimally. For the webs, there is an inclination between 2o and 7o with respect to the longitudinal axis of the feed into consideration. The angle of inclination is preferably

however between ....... and

To adjust the movable crosspieces, a screw-type bar can optionally be used. The springy or soft ones For this purpose, webs are held stationary at one end in corresponding recesses and slide in circumferential recesses at the other end

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Grooves of a ring nut adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the feed. The ring nut allows the webs the necessary change in position resulting from a longitudinal adjustment. The change in position results from the inevitable deformation resulting from a longitudinal adjustment.

Pressure screws, tensioning screws and screw devices acting in both directions can be used as adjusting devices for the movable webs. Neither the webs nor the VBrstellvorrichtungen are exposed to any particular heat load, since the supplied combustion air or the oxygen and the gasification substances, e.g. B. cause the coal-water suspension strong cooling of the burner.

In the drawing are various exemplary embodiments of the Invention shown.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an entire gasification plant with a reactor according to the invention

Fiour 2 a swirl burner for the reactor according to FIG. 1

3-5 sections of a further swirl burner for the reactor according to FIG. 1

FIGS. 5 + 7 sections of a third swirl burner for the reactor according to FIG. 1

'Figures 8-12 a swirl burner 4 for the reactor of Figure 1

-S-

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Flour 13 a 5th swirl burner for dBn reactor according to Figure 1

According to FIG. 1, coal, as it occurs during mining operations, is carried through a feed line 1 into a mill 2 and wet-ground there with water. The coal-water slurry passes from the mill into a rudder mechanism and feed container 3. The agitator 3 ensures a constant and good distribution of coal in the paler.

From the rudder 3 is the coal-Uasser slurry with a. Pump 4 withdrawn and fed to a swirl burner 6 through a line 5. A line also opens out at the swirl burner 6 for combustion air and / or pure oxygen.

The swirl burner 6 is located on the DbersBite of a reactor 8. The reactor has an elongated shape with a longitudinal passage for the combustion materials. The reactor 8 is upright, so that the swirl burner 6, the coal-water slurry and the combustion air or the Oxygen enters the reactor 8 from the top to the bottom. In the reactor B it comes at between 10 and 200 bar possible operating pressure for partial oxidation of the coal particles in the presence of Ida ε ε er. From this reaction a carbon monoxide and hydrogen-containing synthesis gas is produced. At the same time, liquid slag particles are produced, which exit at the bottom of the reactor and into one Radiation boiler 9 arrive. In the radiation boiler 9, the slag particles and the synthesis gas experience a first considerable cooling from the combustion temperature, e.g. B. can be between 135o and 15co °.

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Io foot of the radiation boiler ß is a water bath, at whose bath level the synthesis gas is diverted, so that when it comes into contact with the water bath, another Experience cooling. At the same time, they carry solids and the slag particles are thrown against the water bath. Freeze on contact with the level of the water bath the slag particles. They penetrate the water and collect at the foot of the radiation boiler 9. From there «Earth them intermittently withdrawn into a lock 1o, where they can then be removed without adversely affecting the Atmosphere in reactor B and radiation boiler 9 can be discharged.

The synthesis gas diverted in the radiation boiler 9 passes through a line 11 into a connection cooler 12. The convection cooler 32 is used for further cooling dBs Synthesis gases. A washer 13 is connected downstream of it. In the scrubber 13, the airborne Washed out dust. The purified synthesis gas exits the top of the scrubber 13 and is z. B. as a raw material Chemical plant or supplied as a reducing gas to a smelter.

The washing liquid flows from the washer 13 into a bottom Thickener 14 off. The thickener removes the majority of the washing liquid, water is preferably used Liquid portion which is fed back to the washer 13 in the circuit, while the remainder during thickening Is pressed into the agitator 3 via a pump 15 and a delivery line 16. This return is used for conditioning the coal-water slurry and utilization of combustible residues.

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During the gasification process falls in the radiation boiler 9 and Steam in the convection boiler 12, which flows through a manifold 17 any use uird.

According to FIG. 2, a swirl burner 6 composed of concentrically arranged tubes 2o and 21 is provided. Both pipes 2o and 21 ends conically. That is to say, the outer tube 2o has an inner conical mouthpiece that closes off with the ceiling of the reactor B 22. The mouthpiece 22 is on the inside of the burner the final side is provided with recesses which form cooling lines 23. The cooling lines 23 are in operation of cooling water flows through and reduce the heat load on the swirl burner.

The outer pipe 2o is made up of 2 different pipe sections Diameter together. The one facing the mouthpiece 22 B. Pipe section has a smaller diameter. There is a conical transition between the two pipe sections 24. The conical transition 24 has together with the diameter reduction ur.g a nozzle effect on the between the both tubes 2o and 21 conveyed medium, in this case the Coal-water suspension. At the mouthpiece 23 experiences the accelerated Coal-water suspension at the outlet cone 25 a further acceleration.

At the exit cone 25 there is a strong deflection of the coal -Uasser-Slurry instead of the prevailing high exit velocities wears on the mouthpiece 22. The wear and tear is prevented by an insert cone 26 on the mouthpiece counteracted. The insert cone has a funnel-like shape and is pushed into the inside of the outlet cone. inserted and by SchueiOung or by pinning with the

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Round piece 22 connected. The pins can be attached to any Place are attached and do not require any particular strength, as the insert cone through during operation the emerging combustion substances in the mouthpiece 22 is pressed against the outlet cone 25, d. i.e. that the Mouthpiece 22 with the outlet cone 25 absorbs the load acting on the insert cone 26. In view of the low load is as a welded joint for the Insertion cone 26 a simple tack weld is also possible.

The insert cone 26 projects a little over the mouthpiece 22. out and thus forms a sharp tear-off edge 27. The tear-off edge 27 has considerable advantages in terms of flow technology for the escaping 1 / combustion substances.

The exit diameter of the insert cone can increase 2o and 3o mm lie. This exit diameter results from a reduction in diameter between the transition .24 and the outlet cone 25 prevailing pipe diameter to 1/3 to 1/4 of this pipe diameter. The angle of inclination of the exit cone 25 is between 4o and 8o to the Reactor inner wall or between 1o and 5o to the swirl burner longitudinal axis.

The various pipe sections of the outer pipe 2o are welded to one another as shown in FIG. Are the same Screw connections and clamp connections possible.

In the present case, the inner tube 21 serves to supply oxygen or combustion air. It's on front end with 4 centering pins evenly distributed around the circumference 23 held in the outer tube. The centering pins 28 make sure that the two tubes 2o and 21 are flush with each other. This is for a controlled blending of the

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The supplied oxygen or the supplied combustion air bit of the coal supplied between the pipes 21 and 2o - water slurry is advantageous.

The tube 21, ie the tube 20, consists of various tube sections. The pipe sections can be welded to one another or firmly connected to one another in some other way a. A tight connection is required in order to prevent undesired premature mixing of oxygen. Prevent combustion air with the coal-water slurry.

At its tip, the tube 21 has an outlet cone 29. The outlet cone 29 is conical in two respects, namely inside and outside. On the outside, it preferably has the same inclination as the outlet cone 25. However, deviations of up to 20 ° in both directions are also possible.

The same conical proportions are provided inside, thus the same inclination as the exit cone 25, but deviations up to 2o possible in both directions.

For reasons of wear, the outlet cone 29 is provided with a relatively thick wall. In order to maintain constant diameter ratios at the outlet cone in the event of wear To ensure 29, a cylindrical outlet opening 3o is provided on the outlet cone 29. the The cylinder length of the outlet opening 3o is equal to 1/3 to 2/3 the diameter of the opening.

The outlet cone 29 has a flow body 31 in the direction of flow of the escaping oxygen or the combustion air upstream «The flow body 31 is intended to prevent flow losses within the tube 21. According to Figure 2 has the

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* 2851/04

- VT-

Flow body 31 is essentially cylindrical in shape with rounded or conical ends. This shape results from the sake of ease of manufacture. The aim is to have a teardrop shape with a pointed end extending into the outlet opening 31. The blunt The end of the flow body 31 should be towards the end of the pipe 21 Have a spacing equal to 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 times The diameter of the outlet opening is 3o. Of the The maximum diameter of the flow body 31 should be between 1/2 and 3/4 diameter of the outlet opening 3d.

The flow body 31 is of 3 or 4 evenly on Circumferentially distributed webs 32 held in the tube 21. The bridges

32 with the flow body 31 and the tube 21 are preferred welded. For fluidic reasons, they have a small diameter. The small diameter the webs 32, however, only give the flow body 31 a limited hold. This hold can be increased considerably, if-the webs that are shown in Figure 2 with the aid of the dash-dotted lines

33 are arranged so that they are essentially subjected to train by the flowing medium. In the out The arrangement resulting from FIG. 1 is equivalent to a hanging arrangement of the flow body 31;

In the tube 21 there are also two webs 34, which extend along the inside of the pipe as a half helical line. In other words, each web only covers you over 180 extending circumference of the pipe interior of the pipe Both webs 34 run in the same direction and are arranged diametrically opposite one another, i. i.e., they are arranged offset to one another by 1Bo. The jetties are with welded to the inside wall of the pipe or fastened to the inside wall of the pipe in some other way. Their shape can be in cross section

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2851VOA

rectangular or round or in any other way be designed. Rectangular and round shapes have particular advantages. .

The number of webs 34 can also be different. There must be at least 1 web 34. At the top, the number of webs is only limited by the web width. The length of the webs should have at least a circumferential angle of 60 ι
have as a consequence.

Angle of 6o and at most a circumferential angle of 300

. The distance between the webs from the end of the tube 21 should be Have a dimension that is at most between the diameter and 2 1/2 times the diameter of the outlet opening.

The distance between the two pipe ends of pipes 2ö and 21 should not smaller than half the diameter and not larger than twice the diameter of the outlet opening 3o or the outlet opening of the outlet cone 25 bzu. Insert cone 26 be. -.

The webs 34 have the consequence that the pipe 21 flowing oxygen or the combustion air create a swirl receives. The twist is determined by the angle of inclination of the webs in relation to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. The angle of inclination is 45 ° according to Figure 2. It can also be between 2o and 7o ° be.

It is essential that even a small web height can be sufficient to provide sufficient twist. Minimum web height can be 0.1 times the inner diameter of the tube 21. The web height should not be more than 0.4 times this Be inside diameter. The low web height advantageously allows the flow body 31 to be arranged in the region of the

0 30024/0 177 - 12 -

ORIGINAL INSPEQTEÖ.

Web 34. This makes it possible to counteract an undesirable turbulence leading to a loss of twist.

The swirl held by the oxygen or the combustion air through the webs 34 is the flow velocity im Tube 21 dependent. The flow velocity is in turn determined by the pipe internal diameter and pressure. Furthermore is to take into account that a certain volume of oxygen resp. Brought air volume with the coal-Uasser slurry in connection must become.

The ratio of the volume of oxygen to the coal-water slurry

5 15
Volume is between .... and ..... If combustion air is used, the result is a volume ratio of 25 to 75.

With a burner of the order of magnitude shown in Figure 2,

3 3

the one for a reactor output between 5.0DD m / h and 15.DOD m / h is suitable, results from the volume ratios and the Diameter ratios of the pipes and the outlet openings

of the pipes an oxygen speed between m / sec.

and m / sec. . A pipe diameter of the

Tube 21 assumed that is equal to 1.2 to 2 times the diameter the outlet opening 30 is.

The coal liquid slurry has a comparatively low consistency

1 2 dizziness. It moves at m / sec. up to m / sec.

through the space between the tubes 20 and 21. As a result of the very The coal / water slurry entering the mouthpiece is much higher gas velocity of the oxygen or the combustion air Particle-wise carried away by the air or the oxygen. At the same time, the entrained coal-water slurry particles are applied transmit the swirling movement of the air or oxygen. As a result, the combustion material occurs overall with one

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INSPECTED ■ - ■

285 i CA 16

Swirl from the swirl burner out and moves on a spiral path through the reactor 8. The spiral path is much longer than a running exactly reactor longitudinally Beuegungsbahn. The feedstock has a correspondingly longer residence time in the reactor, which ensures extensive burnout.

So that the risk of wear on the reactor walls is kept to a minimum by sufficient spacing between the particles moving through the reactor, according to FIGS. 3-5 instead of the fixed web inclination according to FIG The adjustable webs are denoted by 40. These are Tim sheets, which run helically inclined along the inner wall of the pipe like the webs 34. The webs 4d, like the webs 34, can be, for example, half rings made of flat metal sheets Cut out and bring them into the desired spiral shape by pulling apart. The webs 34 and 4o can, however, also be bent from a straight longitudinal shape into the spiral shape. In the case of the metal sheets 4o, this is facilitated optionally by slots 41 shown in dash-dotted lines, which are located transversely to the longitudinal direction of the stay in the webs 4o run at arbitrary intervals. Equal intervals are expedient. De according to the width of the St For example 4o and depth of the slot 41, a single slot 41 can already be sufficient to give the webs 4o any desired ease of movement for adjustment. The slots are created by drilling a hole at the end of the slot and sawing open the webs 4o up to the hole. Ββϊ webs 4o, which consist of spring steel, this processing takes place before the heat treatment of the starting material, which is necessary for the spring properties.

For the twisting according to the invention with the webs 4o

03002A / 0177 - ¹⁴ -

it is not necessary that the webs 4o lie exactly on the inner wall of the pipe over their entire length. Different turns, z. B. at the slots 41 are harmless. The webs 4o can even be without touching each other.

All that is required is a web holder, which is advantageous at the top and bottom. At the upper end of the webs 4o have bent tabs 42 with which they are in Recesses 43 grip. The recesses 43 are located in an inner collar 44 of a tube 45. The tube 45 is up to on the inner collar 44 with the tube 21 is identical. The inner collar 44 can be attached to the tube when cast tubes are used 45 be molded. Otherwise a welded-on ring is provided as an inner collar 44. In particular the welded one The ring allows the recesses to be produced in a simple manner. The recesses 43 can then be opened before the Mill the ring lightly into the collar. Instead of milling, you have to manufacture it by drilling and sawing the ring up to the drilling into consideration.

At the lower end 46, the webs lie in a groove of a ring nut 47 on. The ring nut 45 sits in a pipe part of the pipe 45, which is opposite the pipe 21 in addition with a Internal thread is provided. With regard to the from flowing through Oxygen or the low wear emanating from the combustion air flowing through can be indicated by 48 Internal thread of the tube 45 be open. If necessary, the internal thread can also be arranged in a concealed manner. This is done with the help of a dash-dotted collar 49 dBr ring nut 47. Between the collar 49 and the Internal thread 45 then only exists for axial movement play necessary for the ring nut.

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

An adjustment of the ring nut 47 in the axial direction causes a change in the distance to the collar 44 in the tube 45. The webs 4o adapt to this in that their end 46 is in the circumferential direction in the groove designated by 5o of the ring nut 47 accompany. A different web inclination is established and the webs 4o are in the recesses at the upper end 43 of the inner collar 44 held. The webs 4o are outward in the radial direction through the tube 45 or the ring nut 47 prevented from moving. Inward in the radial direction If the flow body 31 is used, no additional locking is required, since at least the flow body 31 the webs on a slide where the ring nut 47 or on prevents sliding out of the recesses 43 and a different arrangement of the webs 4o in the radial direction in the space between the pipe 45 and the flow body 31 is harmless.

In the case of one that is used without a flow body 31 Tube 45 can slide out the webs 4o by closing the recesses 43 in the radial direction and through a tab and groove at the lower end 46 of the webs are counteracted. The closing of the recesses 43 can be done with Take place with the help of a ring 51, which is shown in dashed lines in Figure 3 and welded to the inner collar 44 or is fastened in any other way. The additional tab at the lower end 46 is labeled 53 and is shown in dashed lines shown. Furthermore, the annular groove 54 that belongs to the tab and runs around in the circumferential direction is shown in dashed lines. The annular groove 54 is then located in the lower bearing surface of the web end 46 shown in FIG the evasive movement of the webs 4o when adjusting the Ring nut 47 is not a hindrance.

The ring nut 47 is adjusted by means of a rotary wrench,

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2,851.04 U.

the rait pin engages in bores 52 of ring nut 47. The bores 52 are evenly distributed in any number in the ring nut. After the adjustment the ring nut 47 is locked with the aid of a lock nut 55. The lock nut 55 has like the ring nut a number of evenly distributed bores 52. The bores 52 advantageously all have the same pitch, see above that for both nuts 47 and 55 despite different diameters the pitch circles for the bores 52 use the same drill key can be used. The spigot of the rotary wrench then have a distance that is equal to a hole pitch

If the ring nut 47 with an internal thread 48 in Tube 45 is provided protective collar 49, the RingmuttBr also has such a, not shown, downwards extending covenant.

The webs 4o are each designed so that the deformation that they experience during an adjustment is in the elastic range lies. This guarantees the original conditions after each reset. In addition, there are permanent deformations harmless as long as the ends 46 of the webs 4o after each adjustment at least by the operating pressure of the oncoming Oxygen or the incoming combustion air are in contact with the ring nut 47. At the top are the webs 4o held in that the tabs 42 engage behind a projection 56 with a bend in the recesses 43. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the recess 43 then has an angular shape in cross section. With one through a hole The resulting recess, the bore diameter of which is larger than the slot later leading to the bore, become the webs 4o also held by its bend.

According to FIGS. 6 and 7, a tube 6o is used instead of the tube 45. The bars have a round cross-section.

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285VG4

They are made from wire and have a bend at both ends. The designated with 61 The webs are adjustable like the webs 4o and give the combustion air flowing through bzu. sufficient swirl for the oxygen flowing through it. The webs 61 are like the webs at the lower end 4o held and adjusted by a ring nut 47. · For this purpose, the webs 61 have a vertical line at the lower end bend pointing downwards, with which it fits into the annular groove

54 grab.

At the upper end, the webs 61 have radially outwardly directed bends with which they engage in corresponding blind holes 62 in the tube 6o. The blind holes 62 are located diametrically opposite one another on the Rohrinnenuand and zwa _t at the locations corresponding to the recesses 43rd

The adjustment of the webs 4o and 61 from the lower end of the tubes 45 and 6o either makes them expand Pipes "are required or take place, for example, from the interior of the reactor when the reactor is not in operation.

With .Low cooling of the swirl burner tip and higher Heat load from the ring nut 47, the lock nut

55 and the internal thread 4B existing adjusting device the adjustment can also be made from top to bottom. The webs are then held at the lower end and are at the upper end by turning the ring nut accordingly and lock nut arrangement adjusted. In this case, reversal means the arrangement of the ring nut and lock nut and the associated one Internal thread above the inner collar 44 or the blind holes 62.

Figure B shows a swirl burner in the cutout, which during ■ the swirl burner operation allows adjustment.

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-1B- ORIGINAL INSPECTED

285T / C4

In the case of this swirl burner, this is the outer tube 2o corresponding tube designated 7o. This tube is provided with a central flange 71 on the top. Furthermore, the pipe 7o has a connecting flange 72 at the side at the upper end for the supply of the coal water - slorry on. The central flange 71 is for reasons of flontage designed as a detachable cover. It has a central opening in which it seals and is both slidable and a tube 73 is rotatably seated. The tube is provided with an externally protruding external thread 74 for adjustment. An internal thread of the flange 71 corresponds to the external thread 74.

The pipe 73 slides centrally in a further iir. pipe arranged tube 75. The tubes 73 and 75 form a tube corresponding to the inner tube 2o, but multi-part, telescoping tube, the lower part of which corresponds to the lower end of the tube 21 with slight deviations is equivalent to. In contrast to the tube 21, the tube 75 with the centering pins 28 is at the same time on a shoulder 76 in the Pipe held 7o. The tube 75 rests with the centering pins 28 on the shoulder 76. According to the above, a possibly Desired locking with the help of detachable snap rings or circlips. The rings are in one above the Centering pins 28 in the tube 7o arranged groove and prevent the tube 75 from moving upwards of the tube 73 to move in a frictional manner. The circlets in particular allow a simple plantation to do so commercially available collets. These collets engage in bores in the resilient circlips, so that with a appropriately wide slit circlips slightly can be compressed and moved into the pipe 7o and out of the pipe 7o.

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original: inspected

The tube 75 also encloses movable ones in this Case with 77 designated webs. There are 2 webs that are between the tube 73 and a shoulder 78 of the tube 75 are held .. The webs 73 are mutually uie the webs 4o and 61 opposite, lily "the webs 4o, the webs 77 consist of Sheet metal, d. H. they have a rectangular cross-section. To reduce of the flow loss caused by the holding of the webs 77, the webs 77 are only at the outer edge littleB is now covered by tube 73 and shoulder 78. That is synonymous with a relatively small pipe cross-section when the pipe 73 has a uniform cross-section. That closes the use of other cross-sectional thicknesses in other areas of the tube 73, in particular with respect to the connecting flange 72, not from.

The special shape of the webs 77 considerably simplifies the manufacture of the swirl burner in the case of movable webs and gives the Web 77 even without a flow body 31 sufficient hold in the tube 77. The special shape of the webs 77 is characterized in that that they in the view of Figure 6 like spiral springs look and in the view of Figure 9 have only half the cross section of spiral springs. That is, the webs 77 arch extends along the inner wall of the pipe like the other webs 4o and 61, and a tab 79 closes at each of the upper and lower ends that ■ extends over a semicircle. Figure 9 shows diB two opposing webs 77 in plan view. FIGS. 10 and 11 show details of a single web 77. Thereafter, a tab 75 connects to the upper end 8o of the web 77 shown in FIG. 9 below the line 61, the development shown in FIG. 1o is right-handed runs, but by bending onto the associated web 77 according to FIG. 9 runs to the left. At the lower end 82 of the associated Web 77 closes the one shown in Figure 11

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Tab, which is also shown in the ü / eise shown in FIG runs to the right.

The two upper tabs 79 of the two webs complement each other to form a ring. Likewise, the two lower tabs 79 of the two webs 77 complement each other to form a ring. Both webs are then held by the upper ring and the lower ring of the tabs 79. The adaptation of the web ends to the changed spacing, which becomes necessary when the webs 77 are displaced by axial displacement of the tube 73, takes place by a rotary movement of the rings.

As explained above, the two webs 77 with their associated tabs 79 form semicircular segments in the plan view according to FIG. If more than 2 webs are to be used, the webs would again form segments with their associated tabs, only the segments would no longer extend over 18o but over 12o. If more bars are provided, the segment angle in the top view is reduced accordingly.

In FIG. 12, the twist lock necessary to adjust the tube 73 is shown. It is assumed that the line 7 leading to the pipe 73 for oxygen or combustion air is a flexible line or is articulated is in order to be able to follow the longitudinal movement of the tube 73.

At the end, the line 7 has a flange 9o which is opposite a flange 91 of the pipe end belonging to the pipe 73 lies. Between the two flanges 9o and 91 there is a sliding washer with a passage opening for the out the line 7 in the pipe 73 flowing oxygen or the combustion air. DiB two flanges 9o and 91 are from multi-part housing halves 93 and 94 enclosed.

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The housing halves 93 and 94 are tightly connected to one another, that is, screwed tightly to one another. The multi-part design of the housing halves is used for their
Flontage on line 7 bzu. the flange 91. In the
Housing halves 93 and 94 are sealing strips
95 and 96, which add a seal to the line 7 and the housing half 94 bzu. the flange 91 and the housing half 93.

To adjust the is to be added to the flange 91 and the
Provide pipe end hexagon 97. On the hexagon 97
the pipe 73 can be adjusted with commercially available open-end wrenches.

FIG. 13 shows a swirl burner with a central feed for the coal / water slurry. The central feed is formed by a pipe 1oo. The pipe 1oo is provided with guide plates 1o1, which guide the coal-ldasser-slorry in a straight line in the pipe 1oo. The pipe 1oo surrounds a further pipe io2, which serves as a feed pipe for a pilot burner 1o3 . The pilot burner 1o3 is designed as a gas burner, for example.

When the coal-water stream is fed in centrally, the oxygen is added. the combustion air, in contrast to the swirl burners shown in FIGS. 2 to 12, is supplied through a feed 104 concentrically surrounding the feed for the coal-water slurry. The feed 1o4 is formed by the pipe 1oo and a pipe 1o5 concentrically surrounding the pipe 1oo. Feeding of the feed 1o4 takes place like that of the pipe 7o, the feeding of the coal / water slurry feed takes place like that of the pipe 73.

In the feed 1o4 there are bendable arranged Leitblsche 1o6. The baffles are on bolts 1o7

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rotatably mounted, which penetrate the outer tube 1o5 ^ or are in turn rotatably mounted in the outer tube 1o5. With appropriate attachment of the guide plates 1o6 on the bolt 1o7 · a rotation of the bolt causes a pivoting of the guide plates. The rotational movement of the bolts takes place, for example by hand. Then the bolts are secured in their respective rotational position with the aid of a rod 1o3. The linkage 1o8 is movably arranged on the outer tube 1o5 and can cooperate with a plurality of the bolts 1o7 penetrating holes on the outer circumference in such a way that after Inserting the rod into a hole prevents the bolts from rotating.

The guide plates 1o6 cause a twist depending on the position combustion air or oxygen flowing through.

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Claims (1)

PATEFITAL PROPOSALS 1 _O ) Reactor for coal gasification process, in which, with partial oxidation of carbon-containing solids in the presence of water, a carbon monoxide and hydrogen-containing synthesis gas is generated, characterized by a swirl burner (6). 2o) Reactor according to claim 1 _S, characterized in that the swirl burner has a swirl-free feed for the solids until it meets the combustion air or oxygen. 3.) Reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a central supply for then oxygen. the Combustion air and a feed for the solids concentrically surrounding this feed. 4 «) reactor according to one or more dBr claims 1-3, characterized by inclined to the longitudinal axis of the oxygen feed bzu. Supply of combustion air webs (34, 4o, 61, 77) or guide plate (io6) running in this feed, 5.) Reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that the webs (34, 4o, 61, 77) or baffles (Io6) fBst or are arranged to be movable. - 24 - 0 3 0 0 2 4/0 17? 6) Reactor according to claim 4 or 5 _S characterized in DAB have the webs ₍₉ 34 4o, 61 _s 77) rectangular or round cross section. 7.) Reactor according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in - that the inclination of the webs (34, 40, 61, 77) and baffles (1o6) is between 2o and 7o to the feed longitudinal axis. 8.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 4-7, characterized by a multi-thread helical shape of the webs (34, 40, 61, 77). 9 ".) Reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that daO the webs (34, 40, 61, 77) have a length corresponding to half a pitch. 1o.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 4-9, characterized in that the webs (34, 4o, 61, 77) extend in the radial direction over a length or width into the feed that is equal to the o, o1 times to o _f 4 times the feed diameter. 11.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 6 - 1o, characterized in that the webs (4o, 61) on one end articulated with supply pipe surrounding dBm (45, 6o) are connected and at the other end slidingly on an adjusting device (47, 48, 55) prop up. 12) reactor according to one or more of claims 6-11, 030024/0177 - 25 - - 25 - characterized in that the webs (77) are designed similar to spiral springs and are held in the feed (73, 75, 7B) with a part (79) running in the circumferential direction transversely to the longitudinal axis of the feed. 13o) Reactor according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the holder of the webs (4o, 61, 77) covers only a fraction of the web width effective during oral delivery. 14.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 4-13, characterized by Bine for web mounting or web adjustment Removable supply for the oxygen "or the combustion air. 15.) Reactor according to claim 14, characterized in that the movable webs are adjustable from the feed tip (29). 16.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 4-14, characterized by an operation-independent adjustment of the webs (77), 17.) Reactor according to claim 16, characterized in that the feed for oxygen bzu. Combustion air is designed as a multi-part tube (73, 75) that can be slid one inside the other. 18.) Reactor according to claim 17, characterized in that the lower tube part (75) is held firmly in the swirl burner in the operating state and the upper tube part (73) is adjustable in the longitudinal direction and in the - 26 - 0 3 0024/0177 lower pipe part (75) slides and fish the webs (77) the upper pipe part (73) and a holder (7B) are held in the pipe (75). 19.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 1-18, - characterized in that the feed for the solids ends in a conical tip (25) and / or the supply for the oxygen bzu. the combustion air has a conical tip (29). 2o.) Reactor according to claim 19, characterized by a Solids minimum velocity of m / sec. and maximum solids velocity of m / sec. and an oxygen bzu. Combustion air minimum speed of m / sec. and a sour stoff-bzLJ. Maximum combustion air speed of ........ m / SBk. at the tip of the swirl burner. 21.) - Reactor according to claim 19 or 2o, characterized in that that the supply for the solids through the conical tip (25) is reduced in diameter to 1/3 - 1/4. 22.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 19-21, characterized by an angle of inclination toiischen Ao and Bo ° of the feed tip (25) transversely to the feed longitudinal axis running swirl burner wall. 23.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 1 - 22, characterized by an outlet diameter of the swirl burner between 18 and 30 mm. 24.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 2o - 23, characterized in that the tip (29) of the feed 030 02 4/0177 -27- S 2851 lead for oxygen bzu <, combustion air in their conicity deviates by a maximum of 2o from the angle of inclination of the conicity of the tip (25). 25o) reactor according to claim 24, characterized by a - Cylindrical outlet in the conical tip (29) of the oxygen supply bzu. Supply for combustion air, the length of which is equal to one third to three thirds of the exit through the tip (29). 26.) Reactor according to one or more of claims, characterized in that the feed in the area in front of the tip (29) is 1.2-2 times the diameter of the cylindrical outlet opening (3o). 27.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 3-27, characterized in that the tip (29) of the oxygen supply. Combustion air supply from the outlet opening of the swirl burner has a distance that is equal to 0.75 times to 1.6 times the diameter the outlet opening is. 28.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 3-28, characterized by one in the oxygen or combustion air supply arranged flow body (31). 29.) Reactor according to claim 29, characterized by a hanging arrangement of the flow body (31). 3o.) Reactor according to claim 29 or 3o, characterized in that the flow body in the area dBr webs (34, 4o, 61) is arranged. . - 28 - 0 30024/017? 31.) Reactor according to one or more of claims 1-31, characterized by an insert cone (26) at the oral burner outlet opening .. 32.) Reactor according to claim 32, characterized by a protruding tear-off edge (27) of the insert cone (26). 030024/0177