DE2850869C3 - Preform bottom of a two-part preform for the production of glasses, bottles or the like. Containers made of glass - Google Patents

Description

Glass usually gets hot, i. H. plastically and processed. The pressing of the glass into a hollow form is the oldest processing method. A drop of viscous glass corresponding to the weight of the glass to be produced is created using feeder machines Object brought into a hollow shape and the glass mass into the desired shape through a stamp pressed.

Weil neck vessels, such as canning jars with a large diameter, large height and thinner Wall thicknesses or bottles cannot be pressed in a single operation, but must be done for this Use the press-and-blow process. The glass drop falls in a preform, is pressed there by a punch, with the neck and mouth part already theirs final shape. The resulting intermediate body, the one made by the glassmaker, also Külbel is called, is in a second form in the final shape of the vessel by means of compressed air or formed by suction or both forces. While the older machines worked semi-automatically, fill. translating and gutting was done by hand. are now almost without exception fully automatic Mn

machines applied.

The preforms consist of two adjacent halves with one in the longitudinal direction Partition plane. To manufacture the glasses or bottles, the molten glass drop is first used Filled into the two-part mold from above through a "bottom opening". Then through the preform bottom the filler opening is closed. The preform bottom has to fulfill several tasks. Nebe, that

When closing the filling opening, he has to hold the two halves of the mold together, but essentially to give the contour of the bottom of the glass or bottle. To fulfill these multiple functions too can, so far has a preform bottom and a

ι ■; two-part preform two different adjoining one another frustoconical surfaces whose central surfaces converge towards the container and whose outer surfaces diverge in the direction of the container.

j! i To ensure that the two halves of the mold are held together firmly to ensure, and the bottom of the hollow body to be produced made of glass or the like. Material always one to give the same contour, with a smooth surface without a stepped transition between shaping

j, due to the two-part shape and shape due to the Floor piece is necessary, the dimensions of the angle of inclination and distances between the contact surfaces of the both mold halves and the preform bottom must be precisely matched to one another.

; ·. If so far, the intended diameter the outer surface of the miniature section of the preform bottom, which is designed in the manner of a truncated cone not the diameter in the plane assumed here corresponds to the opening dor both halves of the mold or

; - ', the inclination between the mantle length of the frustum and the opening angle of the two halves of the shape', η 'jn! ° r is different. then inaccuracies result. Also, the obliquely inclined ring surface of the :! ■ Mold halves and the preform booe ~ .s ' \ dorn Zv. i: <: k. the

ι .. silk shape holder, / usamrn ^ n / ^ halion. exactly the dimensioning of the channel opening of the two f ^; o-mhä! fteri and the kegehfimpfformigen section of the preform • xjdens itnpepalit. Otherwise, the conical section of the preform bottom protrudes more

; ", or less deep in the formra;," i into it. From these descriptions it emerges. Yes'i '''-. · ■' iltr ^ eiien rkr opening for the drop in and the closure through the preform bottom is very difficult and time-consuming. If e: nf of the areas show a faulty

<» Tung suffered, hat. this leads in r '. ^ r rule to the scrap of the entire Vnrformbod' τ-

Glass shapes are also subject to wear. If it is taken into account that the glass drops have a Have a temperature of about 11 50 "'C and the molds on

A temperature of approx. 600 C can be increased. furthermore an oifncr and in a fast rhythm Close the two halves of the mold with the corresponding '-! Cm Insertion and removal of the votive base ',. "- olgl. then in the i: iuf> .: of time there is a verse!, leilJ. the

■. ■> to be fixed muli.

The most commonly used preform holes are ¹ ! pinqiil · ·. kig. From this it follows that with a VerseMiciu in the surfaces of the filling opening of the two mold holders and the frustoconical central leii de fi'.iN ■; ■

. <· '· Piece or alliieren oblique mat ring de ·· ilddon piece or de "two forms at a \: t: -nnearh ■■: tune" κ.! Original Bemessunge w'ci "cne :; - must be This Renaratu ^r - · crw; r.ri 'sn>. <, -.

very difficult because, provided by the two mold halves is removed by grinding or the like. Material is not removed in the same way in the case of the preform bottom can. Rather, it is necessary to first apply material by welding and then ϊ to remove accordingly by machining so far that one holding the two mold halves and the exact contour of the bottom determining seat of the preform bottom is obtained. Thus it follows that repairs in particular are cumbersome. To here m To avoid too much work, there is often a move to worn preform buoys no longer to work up, but to replace with new ones.

From DE-PS 20 10 443 a preform is known -. Bottom of a two-part preform for the production of glasses, bottles or similar containers made of glass or similar materials, in particular according to the press-bubble process, which consists of two axially movable parts , with the middle part forming the HoJenabichluß and the outer part of the two form halls together. This is a spring-clad preform bottom for closing the open upper cortex of the preform, which is in the preform for the purpose of j '. Admitting minor changes i, i of size: 'he filled them. Glass gob perpendicular to bc- ^ cabar is. Unless the glass Easter; an excess hm. over; Jiescr on the floor a pressure ? V.%. Di-jse; pressure ¹ , then the holder according to the mcü d. '. np no ode, ·· wemger ■; ■ lifts off the two rormhahten, --o daU dicv-i; well, ■ are very tightly closed, so uaii neither di ·:, '·' _ !!>;.!: ■. ■ nor is the solution available, the belii ^ n > ■ -oriMiiiiiiijn.-usainnenzuhalhin.

The present ·.!; Kriinden, '._, ·: ■, ■,.: · ■ ■ · ; r ■ -. ■ -: ο ¹ .ins. . • in a preform ;. η to step, et- <- · ■■. :. 'mjc'ien ■■ Iiücl'i a gjnaur Ab "!, rr -;,.;, i. ■ - * ■. ·,, <; n dem"' ur? · τ:; - j'ihalt i.cr both (orni'i ^ rtei: and d -. 'ir, closure piece of the FJnfüllötfnun ·; results, as the wear ^ = S testicle piece>: uv · ;; - monster "and with - · - .. iiem wear to be able to process the worn preforms'ik-f without Xultraesswelding,.: nd s- »rni ;.

To solve d'oser object is at a pre-Doüen a two-part preform (to ί · ^-ΊΛ;:!.! ■ iicn vcn glasses, bottles or the like Uehäiini: sen in C ', js or the like materials, insbc- · ^: ·· ηόν- υ ruch the PreU bubble process, which consists of two ir, Ai ίν> π · _η · cung relatively movable parts, the middle part being the bottom end and ν the outer part holding the two halves of the mold together. According to the invention, it is proposed that the outer part be designed as a ring and pressed against the two mold halves by springs.

The solution according to the invention creates a second solution gen preform bottom. who are the functions: of closing of the two mold halves with the contouring of the glass or bottle base to be produced on the one hand and the holding together or centering of the both mold halves on the other hand separates. As a result, the interacting parts do not have to be done from the front in a precise distance or a precise dimension to each other, but the <\ bs (and has a certain leeway in relation to one another. where the adaptation Jc; Angular position, he- * · "■ for example the outer retaining and clamping ring, from secondary importance ifi by the invention ! .öMins: thus becomes a considerable simplification achieved. Worn parts of the preform bottom, regardless of whether the outer or the two The ring holding the mold halves together wears or the middle one, the opening of the two mold halves or the actual bottom-forming part wears out, can easily be renewed in such a way that the worn surfaces are ground off and given a new contour. This is possible because through the Relative displacement of the two parts can take place a removal of the material. Since the inventive Solution consists of two parts that can be moved relative to each other, one could also be or replace the other part. But this is usually the case! not mandatory.

The solution according to the invention also leads to less wear on the preform bottom, because now the two functions of opening and closing and holding the two together Mold halves with their centering with different Allow filament pressures to be achieved which are adjustable, particularly resilient s ,, d. The resilient one Storage and thus resilient pressing of the two mold halves against one another avoids overstressing the pressure.

Another suggestion according to the invention is that the middle part of the preform bottom and the resiliently mounted ring are surrounded in their upper area by a cylindrical housing and by this! /1.-Ir-Jy-CP and within the cylindrical housing a lot Disc springs arranged one above the other angc .-> rd,! ct are. This suggestion has the effect that the preform base is composed of basically three parts, the receiving housing, the base closure piece and the spring-loaded locking ring for holding and centering the two mold halves together. With this solution, a particularly simple device is switched, which is subject to hardly noticeable wear even after a long period of use and, in the event of wear, can easily be completely renewed without having to rebuild.

The invention is explained in more detail in the drawing using an exemplary embodiment. It shows

1 shows a previous preform with a preform bottom in vertical section and essentially schematic,

F i g. 2 the solution according to the invention ^ ies preform bottom in vertical section and essentially schematically,

Fig. 3 a further preform base according to the invention i'r · vertical section

Fig. Ί the preform bottom according to Fig 3 accordingly the local line IiI-III.

Fiji > the middle part of the preform bottom, r side view.

I s. Ό the preform bottom according to F i g. 5 in the Ansicr; from practicing,

Fig. 7 shows the holder of the preform bottom in vertu aiem Longs !.

8 shows the holder according to FIG. 7 in the view of below.

Figs. I and 2 first show the preforms 10, those from the two halves 10a and IOi> order that can rest in the vertical plane 11 and are movable away from each other, so that the hollow glass body formed in this, in particular as a parison. can be easily removed. At 12 parts are shown which are used in conjunction with a l.ufteinlaß or ram to form the parison. The order. Training or mode of operation from

Part 12 is not of the present invention Interest, because this is concerned with the formation of the preform bottom 14.

Fig. I shows the known preform bottom. This is in one piece and has the central frustoconical Part 15 with the truncated cone surface 16, which corresponds in its inclination and in its diameter to opening of the two mold halves 10a and 106 and their Area 20.

There is also the annular surface 17, which is shown in Direction to the two mold halves 10a and 106 diverges. This diverging obliquely outwards Surface rests against a circumferential surface 18. which has the same angle of inclination and the two Mold halves 10a and 106 is assigned. It can also be stated that the underside of the preform bottom according to Fig. 1 has a circumferential groove 19. whose side walls diverge outwards, as it seen in cross section, at the groove of a V-belt pulley the case is. The bottom of the groove 19 is now at a distance from the top 20 of both mold halves 10 ;? and 10b. However, this need not be the case. The bottom of the groove 19 and the surface 20 could also lie against each other. Is essential. that the surfaces 17 and 18 and 16 and 20 bear against each other. From Fig. I is understandable that the coordination of the inclination of the surfaces 16 and 20 of the truncated cone and the conical opening of the two molded parts 10a and 10b and the coordination of the surfaces 17 and 18 with one another is very difficult. Inaccuracies in the distance and the angular position of the surfaces lead to the Truncated cone, the front side of which is concave according to the embodiment, either too wide or protrudes too short into the mold. Unless the area

16 does not coincide with the surface 20 of the opening of the two molded parts 10a and 106, results between these a gap that leads to the penetration of Glass could lead into this gap.

F i g. 2 shows the solution according to the invention, namely shown essentially schematically. It is drawn in a two-part form, the one after F i g. 1 corresponds.

The preform bottom 14 has a central frustoconical part 15 with the converging lateral surface 16. which rests on the opening surface 20 of the two mold halves 10a and 106 in the same way as that in FIG . 1 is shown. But the area

17 of the preform bottom to rest on the surface 18, the is assigned to the two mold halves 10a and 106 all around. consists of a special component in Shape of a ring 21 under the pressure of the helical spring 22 or other compression spring arrangement stands. Thus, the ring 21 is relative to the central, here frustoconical part 15 of the bottom movable.

The two mold halves 10a and 106 as well as the base 14 are subject to a certain degree over time Wear-The mold halves 10a and 106 are constantly opened and closed. Also in the same rhythm, the bottom 14 is lifted and swiveled away so that the molten liquid from above Glass drops are introduced between the adjacent halves of the mold. Then the bottom becomes 14 put back on in such a way that it closes the filling opening 20 of the two mold halves and over his circumferential surface 17 in connection with the circumferential surface 18 of the two mold halves holds them together. If wear has occurred.

then the bottom 14 is shown in FIG. I can only renew it at great expense. Usually a Overlay welding take place.

The inventive, in F i g. 2 illustrated solution of the division between the central one, the filling opening and the part 15 forming the bottom and the part 21 holding the two mold halves 10a and 106 together The shape of a spring-loaded ring avoids these difficulties. First is the Pressure of the ring 2t over the surface 17 on the surface 18, automatically readjusting. It will be whole too depending on the spring force, a constant contact pressure can be achieved. This is important in the With regard to the fact that the molds heat and, depending on how they are heated, a different expansion is available. Since the under the pressure of the spring 22 ring 21 relative to the frustoconical Section 15 is displaceable, it results that in place of the spring also another, precise adjustment determinative regulation could take place. This could be done in conjunction with screws. The arrangement of springs is particularly advantageous because they are self-adjusting and even Result in contact pressure. A displacement of the surfaces 16 and 20 would also lead to this could be reworked without the need for an application of material.

Fir. 3 shows a vertical section through the Voriurm floor with its holder, with its help The preform base is connected to the preform base via a pivot arm 25, which is only partially shown in the drawing and is known per se the two halves of the mold attached and from these to the Purpose of the inlet of the glass gob is moved away into the mold halves. The holder 23 is present. whose upwardly facing pin 24 is captured by the pivot arm 25 and the underside of which is a Has undercut, which is shown in detail in FIG. 7 and 8 and is described therein. The elongated retaining flange 26 can be introduced into the top of the preform bottom 15 via a channel and rotatable within the undercut around the longitudinal axis of the preform bottom and via the snap lock 26 lockable. This consists of a knurled nut 28 which is attached to a pin 29 and within the small housing 30 against the pressure of a helical spring 30 in the axial direction is. In the latching and locking position, the front end 29 of the shaft 29 protrudes into a corresponding one Bore in the outer circumference of the flange 26 or the like. so that it does not twist relative to the holder can. The holder 23, which thus carries the preform bottom 15, is surrounded by a cylindrical housing 32, mounted in this in a groove 33 and secured by a circlip 34. The cylindrical housing 32 has an inwardly projecting flange 35 at its end on which the outwardly projecting The flange 36 of the ring 21 rests. The ring 21 is supported by the spring assembly 22 in the form of disc springs his throat 17 pressed against the surface 18 of the two mold halves It can be seen that the frustoconical surface 16 rests directly on the surface 20 of the mold opening and the ring 21 in its system is determined by the spring 22, d. H. it It is also possible that the flange 36 of the ring 21 is not on the inwardly projecting flange 35 of the Cylinder housing 32 rests

5 shows the preform base 15 in a side view. its upper flange 26. as shown in FIG. 6 emerges

is elongated and not circular so that the flange, as can be seen from FIG. 8 results, via a channel, which is preferably continuous and thus also has an output 37 '- this for reasons of simplicity Manufacturing - can be introduced into the undercut and thus into the space 38 of the holder 25. then there is a rotation of preferably 90 "C, so that the sevcjr-shaped flange areas 26a and 266 (Fig. 6) above the inwardly directed, likewise only sector-shaped projecting flanges 39 and 39a of the Holder 25 come to the plant. At 40 ibt in the fi g. 7th and 8 indicated the hole in which the locking device in the form of the knurled screw 28 with the

Bolt 29 is arranged to prevent the rotational position of the preform bottom from falling out of the Secure bracket 23.

F i g. 3 shows that the solution presented there also is simple for the reason that, depending on the many bottle and glass formats, only that is also in the F i g. 6 shown preform bottom piece and the ring 21 shown in Figure 3 to be made needs while the other parts stay the same. That is, in a unitary holder 23 with the ring 32 differently dimensioned floors 15 and rings 21 can be arranged.

For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Preform bottom of a two-part preform for the production of glasses, bottles or similar containers made of glass or similar materials, in particular according to the press-and-bubble process, which consists of two axially movable parts relative to one another, the middle part forming the bottom end and the outer part holding the two mold halves together, characterized in that the outer part is designed as a ring (21) and is pressed against the two mold halves (10a, 10b) by springs (22) 2. preform bottom according to claim 1, characterized in that the central part of the preform bottom (15) and the resiliently mounted ring (21) in the upper area of a cylindrical Housing (32) surrounded and carried by this and within the cylindrical housing (32) a plurality of cup springs (22) arranged one above the other are arranged. 3. Preform bottom according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it consists of a holder, the upwardly facing pin (24) of a pivot arm (25) is gripped and the underside of which has an undercut into which a radial channel (37 , 37a) the elongated Haaeflansch (26a 26b) on the upper side of the preform base (15) can be inserted and rotated and locked within the undercut around the longitudinal axis of the preform base, the holder (23) is surrounded in its lower area by the cylindrical housing (32) and is attached to this and between the preform bottom piece (15) and iem cylindrical housing (23), the disc springs (22) are arranged, which are supported on the underside of the holder (23) and on the top of the ring (21), which for System is arranged on the two-part preform (10a, 10b) between the cylindrical housing (32) and preform base piece (15)