DE2849088A1 - Pyrolyser and gasifier for refuse - using hot gas for pyrolysis from combustion of prod. gas - Google Patents

Pyrolyser and gasifier for refuse - using hot gas for pyrolysis from combustion of prod. gas

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Publication number
DE2849088A1
DE2849088A1 DE19782849088 DE2849088A DE2849088A1 DE 2849088 A1 DE2849088 A1 DE 2849088A1 DE 19782849088 DE19782849088 DE 19782849088 DE 2849088 A DE2849088 A DE 2849088A DE 2849088 A1 DE2849088 A1 DE 2849088A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
gas
gasification
pyrolysis
smoldering
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19782849088
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Heinz Ing Grad Gresch
Heinz Ing Grad Hoelter
Heinrich Ing Grad Igelbuescher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saarberg-Hoelter-Umwelttechnik 6600 Saarbrue GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19782849088 priority Critical patent/DE2849088A1/en
Publication of DE2849088A1 publication Critical patent/DE2849088A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/14—Continuous processes using gaseous heat-carriers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/02—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/40—Movable grates
    • C10J3/42—Rotary grates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/78—High-pressure apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

In a rotary grate gas generator for pyrolysis of 80-90 wt. % compacted refuse (free from metal and glass) and 20-10% of coal sludge, residual oil or used oil, and gasification with steam and air to produce fuel gas, hydrocarbon condensates and ash, pyrolysis is effected in the upper part of the generator by hot combustion gas produced by burning gas drawn from the lower gasification zone. Prod. gas rich in H2 and satd. hydrocarbons, with little olefin and no aldehydes, ketones or stable oxide cpds. is produced.

Description

Beschreibung und Erläuterung zur PatentanmeldungDescription and explanation of the patent application

'Müllversaser mit Spülgasschwelungw Es ist bekannt, kompaktierten Haus- oder Industriemüll mit Zusätzen wie Kohle, Kohlenschlamm, Rückstandsölen oder Altölen (- oder Drehrostgenerator) zu pyrolisieren.It is known compacted Household or industrial waste with additives such as coal, coal sludge, residual oils or Pyrolize waste oils (or rotary grate generators).

Gegenstand der Patentanmeldung ist ein Drehrostgenerator mit aufgesetzter Spülgasschwelung; in diesem wird kompaktierter Müll, bestehend aus 80 - 90 Gew. % aufbereitetem Müll (ohne Metalle und Glas) und 10 - 20 Gew. % Kohlenschlamm, Rückstandsölen und/oder Altölen etc., in Heizgas, Kohlenwasserstoffkondensate und Asche mit Dampf und Luft sowohl partiell oxidiert als auch pyrolytisch mit Spülgas umgearbeitet.The subject of the patent application is a rotary grate generator with an attached Purge gas boiling; in this compacted garbage, consisting of 80 - 90 wt. % recycled waste (without metals and glass) and 10-20% by weight coal sludge, residual oils and / or waste oils etc., in fuel gas, hydrocarbon condensates and ashes with steam and air both partially oxidized and pyrolytically processed with purge gas.

Beschreibung: siehe Verfahrensschema, Anlage 1 Der Müll gelangt über eine Beschickungseinrichtung 1 kontinuierlich in den konischen Schwelteil des Vergasers 2 und wird mit etwa 600 - 800 OC heißem Spülgas 3 sowohl pyrolytisch entgast und zu etwa 20 % partiell oxidiert. Die Wärmetönung aus der partiellen Oxidation unterstützt die Entgasung des Einsatzes.Description: see process scheme, Appendix 1 The garbage passes over a charging device 1 continuously into the conical smoldering part of the gasifier 2 and is pyrolytically degassed with about 600 - 800 OC hot flushing gas 3 and partially oxidized to about 20%. The heat tint from the partial oxidation supports the degassing of the insert.

Das Spülgas wird durch Verbrennung eines Teiles des Vergasungsgases 4 aus dem unteren Teil des Gaserzeugers 5 bereitgestellt. Der Luftüberschuß soll maximal bei 1,0 % O2 im Spülgas liegen.The purge gas is produced by burning part of the gasification gas 4 from the lower part of the gas generator 5 is provided. The excess air should be a maximum of 1.0% O2 in the purge gas.

Zwecks gleichmäßiger Verteilung in der Schwel kammer tritt das Spülgas über mehrere - im Unterteil des Konus angebrachte - Verteilerrohre 6 ein.For the purpose of even distribution in the smoldering chamber, the purge gas occurs over several - mounted in the lower part of the cone - distribution pipes 6.

Im Gegenstrom fällt nunmehr die geschwelte Substanz in den ebenfalls konischen Vergasungsschacht r in welchem mittels Luft und Dampf ein Luftgas erzeugt wird. Der Drehrost 6 iibernimmt sowohl die Vorverteilung des Vergasungsmittels als auch den Ascheaustrag über eine Wasserschüssel, die gegen den Betriebsdruck im Gaserzeuger abgetaucht ist.In the countercurrent, the smoldering substance now falls into the as well conical gasification shaft r in which an air gas is generated by means of air and steam will. The rotating grate 6 takes over both the pre-distribution of the gasification agent also the ash discharge via a water bowl, which counteracts the operating pressure in the gas generator submerged.

Ein Teil des Vergasungsgases wird aus dem Ringraum hinter dem Konus abgezogen, auf etwa 200 OC gekühlt und verdichtet (7) einer Brennkammer 8 zugeführt.Part of the gasification gas is released from the annulus behind the cone withdrawn, cooled to about 200 ° C. and compressed (7) fed to a combustion chamber 8.

In dieser Brennkammer wird das Spülgas 3 erzeugt.The purge gas 3 is generated in this combustion chamber.

Der Überschuß an Vergasungsgas strömt in den Schwelschacht 2 und unterstützt thermisch die Pyrolyse. Aus dem Ringraum 9 der Schwelkammer tritt dann das Produktionsgas 10 aus.The excess of gasification gas flows into the smoldering shaft 2 and supports thermal pyrolysis. The production gas then emerges from the annular space 9 of the smoldering chamber 10 off.

Die Kühlung des Produktionsgases kann sowohl direkt als auch indirekt erfolgen (11).The production gas can be cooled either directly or indirectly take place (11).

In der Brennkammer frei werdende Wärme kann wahlweise zur Dampferzeugung (12) genutzt werden. Zur Speisewasservorwärmung dient ein Teil der fühlbaren Wärme des Teilstromes Vergasungsgas.The heat released in the combustion chamber can optionally be used to generate steam (12) can be used. Part of the sensible heat is used to preheat the feed water of the partial flow of gasification gas.

Der erzeugte Dampf läßt sich als Vergasungsdampf einsetzen; für die Brennkammer notwendig Luft wird der Vergasungsluft 13 entnommen.The steam generated can be used as gasification steam; for the Combustion chamber necessary air is taken from the gasification air 13.

In den temperat1lrbeanspruchten Bereichen ist der Gaserzeuger feuerfest ausgekleidet, beide Konusse sind aus hitzebeständigem Material, desgleichen die Ringräume für die Gasaustritte.The gas generator is fireproof in areas exposed to high temperatures lined, both cones are made of heat-resistant material, as are the Annular spaces for the gas outlets.

Im beschriebenen Zustand wird der Gaserzeuger mit etwa 500 - 1000 mm WS Überdruck betrieben.In the state described, the gas generator is about 500 - 1000 mm WS overpressure operated.

Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf die vorstehend im einzelnen beschriebenen Ausbildungsformen beschränkt, sondern es sind zahlreiche Abänderungen möglich, ohne jedoch von dem Gedanken abzuweichen, die Pyrolyse von Haus- oder Industriemüll mit Zusätzen wie Kohle, Kohlenschlamm, Rückstandsöl oder Altölen, in einem Drehrostgenerator mit aufgesetzter Spülgasschwelung durchzuführen, wobei die Umsetzung in H?izgas, Kohlenwasserstoffkondensate und Asche mit Dampf und Luft durch partielle Oxidation und pyrolytisch durch Spülgas erfolgt.Of course, the invention is not limited to the above in detail The forms of training described are limited, but there are numerous changes possible, but without deviating from the idea, the pyrolysis of household or industrial waste with additives such as coal, coal sludge, residual oil or waste oils, in a rotating grate generator to be carried out with the flushing gas smoldering on top, the conversion into heating gas, Hydrocarbon condensates and ash with steam and air by partial oxidation and is carried out pyrolytically by flushing gas.

Patentansprüche L e e r s e i t e Claims L e r s e i t e

Claims (1)

Patentansprüche Anspruch 1 Drehrostgenerator mit aufgesetzter Spülgasschwelung für die Pyrolyse von kompaktiertem Müll aus 80 - 90 Gew. % aufbereiteten Miill (ohne Metalle und Glas) und 10 - 20 Gew. % Kohlenschlamm, Rückstandsöl und/oder Altöl, wobei die Umsetzung in Hcizgas, Kohlenwasserstoffkondensaten und Asche mittels Dampf und Luft durch partielle Oxidation und pyrolytisch durch Spülgas erfolgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein neues Spiilgasangebot in der Schwelzone mit relativ hohem Wasserstoffannebot aus dem Vergasungsgas bevorzugte Bildung von gesittiyten Kohlenwasserstoffen, wenig Olefine, keine Aldehyde und/oder Ketone und stabile Oxiverbindung erzeugt.Claims Claim 1 rotary grate generator with attached flushing gas smoldering for the pyrolysis of compacted waste from 80 - 90 wt.% processed mill (without Metals and glass) and 10 - 20% by weight coal sludge, residual oil and / or waste oil, the conversion into Hcizgas, hydrocarbon condensates and ash by means of steam and air is effected by partial oxidation and pyrolytically by purge gas, thereby characterized in that a new purge gas supply in the smoldering zone with a relatively high Hydrogen supply from the gasification gas preferential formation of natural hydrocarbons, few olefins, no aldehydes and / or ketones and stable oxy compound produced. Anspruch 2 Anspruch 2 nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerungsmöglichkeit Vergasungsgas -Spülgasverhältnis bei Materialeinsatz angepaßt werden kann.Claim 2 Claim 2 according to Claim 1, characterized in that the control option for the gasification gas / purging gas ratio adapted to the use of material can be. Anspruch 3 Nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein reaktionsfähiger Schwelkoks für die Vorgasungszone durch Koppelung Schwelung mit Teiloxidation der organischen Substan@ erzeugt werden kann.Claim 3 According to claim 1, characterized in that a reactive Smoldering coke for the pre-gassing zone by coupling smoldering with partial oxidation of the organic substance @ can be generated. Anspruch ß Nach Anspruch 1 bis 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch den wesentlich reaktionsfähigeren Schwelkoks eine bessere Dampfzersetzung im Vergaser möglich ist.Claim ß According to claim 1 to 3 characterized in that by the much more reactive low-temperature coke enables better steam decomposition in the gasifier is possible. Anspruch 5 Anspruch 5 nach Anspruch 1 bis 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch die Nut7ung des Gegenstrombetriebes im Durchgang Einsatzprodukt zu Vergasungsmittel und Spülgas größtmögliche Nutzung der Reaktionswärmen bei den Pyrolys0- und Vergasungsreaktionen gewährleistet ist.Claim 5 Claim 5 according to Claim 1 to 4, characterized in that that through the use of countercurrent operation in the passage feed product to gasification agent and purge gas maximum use of the heat of reaction in the pyrolysis and gasification reactions is guaranteed. Anspruch 6 Nach Anspruch 1 bis 5 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß günstige Verweilzeiten Gas-Feststoffe durch Zwangsrückführung der entstehenden Gase infolge konischer Gestaltung der Vergaserrnume und dahinter angeordneten Ringkammer zur Gasableitung erreicht werden.Claim 6 According to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that favorable Residence times gas-solids due to the forced recirculation of the resulting gases conical design of the carburetor spaces and the annular chamber arranged behind it Gas discharge can be achieved.
DE19782849088 1978-11-11 1978-11-11 Pyrolyser and gasifier for refuse - using hot gas for pyrolysis from combustion of prod. gas Withdrawn DE2849088A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782849088 DE2849088A1 (en) 1978-11-11 1978-11-11 Pyrolyser and gasifier for refuse - using hot gas for pyrolysis from combustion of prod. gas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782849088 DE2849088A1 (en) 1978-11-11 1978-11-11 Pyrolyser and gasifier for refuse - using hot gas for pyrolysis from combustion of prod. gas

Publications (1)

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DE2849088A1 true DE2849088A1 (en) 1980-05-22

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3237471A1 (en) * 1982-10-09 1984-04-12 Hölter, Heinz, Dipl.-Ing., 4390 Gladbeck Process for the continuous utilisation of waste, preferably refuse, and simultaneous conversion into a storable non-polluting fuel
EP0593911A1 (en) * 1992-09-26 1994-04-27 RWE Entsorgung Aktiengesellschaft Accelerated thermal cracking process for synthetic wastes

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3237471A1 (en) * 1982-10-09 1984-04-12 Hölter, Heinz, Dipl.-Ing., 4390 Gladbeck Process for the continuous utilisation of waste, preferably refuse, and simultaneous conversion into a storable non-polluting fuel
EP0593911A1 (en) * 1992-09-26 1994-04-27 RWE Entsorgung Aktiengesellschaft Accelerated thermal cracking process for synthetic wastes

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Owner name: SAARBERG-HOELTER-UMWELTTECHNIK GMBH, 6600 SAARBRUE

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