DE2842738C2 - Loudspeakers, in particular for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a loudspeaker, in particular for vehicles, which is described in the preamble of claim 1 defined genus.

A well-known loudspeaker of this type is used to attach the baffle to the circumference of the support surface his basket evenly distributed tabs with through holes, through each of which a screw is inserted and is screwed into the baffle.

This type of fastening of the known loudspeaker in vehicles is particularly problematic in passenger vehicles. Almost without exception, the baffle for the loudspeaker is the Upper, horizontal cover of the instrument panel reaching up to the windshield or the parcel shelf used in the rear. The loudspeaker is inserted into the prepared baffle opening from above, until the surface of the basket rests on the baffle. The screws are in from above the through holes of the brackets are inserted and screwed into the baffle.

With this type of installation of the known loudspeaker in the passenger vehicle, not only are there Difficulties in assembly, but also acoustic disadvantages.

The tabs are arranged slightly above the contact surface of the basket on the baffle. At the When the screws are tightened, these tabs are pulled down, so that cage tensions may occur can occur that cause a deterioration in the sound output. Due to the inclined windbreak or rear window in the passenger vehicle and due to the rough necessity, the To arrange loudspeakers as close as possible to the panes, the front fastening screws themselves are mil Special tools difficult to access. This makes the assembly very difficult, and mostly missing cover of the front of the basket

This very often results in damage to the loudspeaker membrane. For these reasons, the front, screws arranged near the washers are simply omitted. In many cases, however, this leads to acoustic signals Short-circuit and clinking of the loudspeaker.

A known device for attaching a loudspeaker to a baffle (DE-OS 27 11 126) consists of a retaining ring that is attached to the edge of the speaker frame is to be fastened, and from a fastening ring that can be screwed to the retaining ring. The retaining ring carries a flange protruding radially at the end to rest on the with an installation opening provided baffle. The fastening ring carries snap elements spread outwards. To Push the fastening ring, which is initially loosely screwed onto the retaining ring, through the installation opening in the baffle, the snap elements grip behind the baffle and lean on the back away. By screwing the retaining ring into the fastening ring are now both rings by means of the Schnappeleinente on the back and by means of the Flange clamped on the front on the baffle.

This known fastening device is not only structurally complex and requires an additional one reliable connection of retaining ring and loudspeaker frame, but is also only suitable for assembly Baffles that are easily accessible from both sides, e.g. B. on door panels in motor vehicles. Though the assembly of the loudspeaker can be carried out from one side, but not its dismantling, since When unscrewing the retaining ring from the fastening ring, the latter falls behind the baffle and becomes cannot be removed from there without access to the back of the baffle. In addition, lets This fastening device connected to the loudspeaker is not in hard-to-reach places in the motor vehicle, such as under the sloping windshield or rear window, because on the one hand Fastening and retaining ring, which for the purpose of assembly initially are loosely screwed together, have a relatively large overall height and on the other hand that for screwing of the retaining ring in the fastening ring, the necessary mounting brackets are not attached to the Loudspeaker or can be attached to the retaining ring.

Another fastening device for a loudspeaker in a baffle is in the earlier patent application according to DE-AS 28 34 238 described. Here, too, the loudspeaker must be in a mounting sleeve be attached separately, which in turn is inserted into the installation opening in the baffle. The sleeve is held in the installation opening of the baffle by means of leaf springs spreading outwards, the kle.nmend reach behind the baffle. A loudspeaker is used to lock the splayed leaf springs Covering cover plate which presses the leaf springs outwards with axial, wedge-shaped lugs

The invention is based on the object of creating a loudspeaker of the type mentioned at the beginning, which, while avoiding the above defects, significantly simplifies and facilitates assembly made possible and yet inexpensive to manufacture.

According to the invention, this object is in a loudspeaker as defined in the preamble of claim 1 The generic type is solved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The loudspeaker according to the invention is assembled without any tools. He just gets into the opening inserted in the baffle and locked here by applying slight pressure. This type of assembly facilitates not only the retrofitting of the loudspeaker in the passenger vehicle, but also lowers the assembly costs for factory installation are considerable. In the absence of any assembly tool also the risk of damaging the loudspeaker, especially the sensitive loudspeaker membrane.

ίο eliminated.

In addition, the loudspeaker according to the invention has the absence of the above circumferential Fastening straps a much cheaper material cut. Material can therefore be used during manufacture can be saved. A further material saving is achieved by eliminating the fastening screws. Due to the lack of the fastening straps, the loudspeaker according to the invention also has much smaller ones Installation dimensions so that it can also be accommodated in confined spaces in the motor vehicle.

The loudspeaker according to the invention can be used in an equally simple manner for repair purposes or the like dismantle. It only need the snap elements by means of a lifting tool, e.g. B. one Screwdriver to be lifted out of its locking position, and the loudspeaker can be removed from the baffle removed.

With the omission of the fastening straps, they are omitted in the manufacture of the loudspeaker according to the invention also the thin punch for punching the through holes in the fastening tabs. Received by this Large tools for the production of loudspeakers, especially the basket, longer service lives. Another A reduction in manufacturing costs is achieved.

The projection provided on the basket of the loudspeaker is expedient when the loudspeaker is installed placed so that he next the windbreak or. Rear window of the passenger vehicle is located. This also facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the loudspeaker; because in this area is the Distance between the panes and the baffle so small that, for example, a removal tool when dismantling cannot be set. After lifting the snap element, however, the projection loses its fastening function on the baffle, so that there is no lifting tool in the area of the projection is needed. In contrast, in the area of the snap element, it is expediently the projection is arranged diametrically opposite, there is enough space for attaching a lifting tool available. The head start is also an advantage during assembly, since the loudspeaker initially obliquely, as far as the window position of the passenger vehicle allows, inserted into the baffle opening can be. Then the loudspeaker is swiveled around the protrusion in the baffle opening, until the snap element engages on the baffle.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention results from claim 4. By providing of the two snap elements arranged symmetrically to the projection becomes a vibration-free three-point snap fastening of the loudspeaker on the baffle. For speakers that have a basket have circular cross-section, it is expedient according to a further embodiment of the invention, the two snap elements symmetrically to the projection at a mutual distance from one another to be arranged with a circumferential angle of approx. 90 °.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides claim 6. This allows the Snap elements are designed to be very simple and functionally reliable.

The embodiment according to claim 7 is particularly advantageous. This results in the possibility of that the lifting tool can be applied from the same side from which the loudspeaker is installed has been assembled from. It is therefore not necessary to remove the underside to dismantle the loudspeaker to keep the baffle in the vehicle accessible.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides for claim 8. This will make the manufacture the loudspeaker according to the invention is significantly simplified.

The embodiment of the invention is also advantageous according to claim 9. By this simple measure, on the one hand, there is a free space for the detent springs created so that they can evade when inserting the loudspeaker into the baffle opening. On the other hand, protection of the membrane against unintentional contact with the lifting tool is also provided achieved when dismantling the speaker. Another advantageous embodiment of the invention results from claim 10. In contrast to the previously known loudspeaker of this type is also im dismantled state of the speaker covered the front of the basket and thus the sensitive Loudspeaker membrane secured against contact. Neither during transport nor during assembly can the Membrane can be inadvertently destroyed. This measure significantly reduces the reject rate. An additional cover for the loudspeaker on the baffle - as was previously the case - can thus be omitted. The embodiment of the invention contained in claim 14 has the markings provided the advantage that the position of the snap elements on the basket is marked. This can be done during dismantling The lifting tool must be inserted into the loudspeaker basket at this point. A time consuming one There is no need to search for the snap elements. This significantly shortens the time for dismantling and also Damage to the loudspeaker by inserting the lifting tool in the wrong place is prevented.

The embodiment according to claim 15 is also particularly advantageous. The water-repellent glass fiber fleece prevents z. B. drips water into the loudspeaker and when the inside of the window is wet here the membrane softens. In addition, this glass fiber fleece guarantees a defined air flow rate, which is not guaranteed with known loudspeaker grille with plastic fabric. The sound quality of the loudspeaker is thus significantly improved.

The full wording of the claims is above solely to avoid unnecessary repetition not reproduced, but instead merely referring to it by naming the claim number taken. However, as a result, all of these claim features have been expressly stated at this point and are essential to the invention disclosed to apply.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. It shows

F i g. 1 is a side view of the loudspeaker,
F i g. 2 shows a view in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1.
3 shows a section along the line III-II1 in FIG. 2, excerpts and in an enlarged representation,

FIG. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2, excerpts and in an enlarged view,

F i g. 5 is a top plan view of the cover of the speaker in FIG. 1, shown reduced,
F i g. 6 is a side view of the cover in FIG. 5, partially in longitudinal section.

The electroacoustic system of the loudspeaker is shown in FIG. 1 and 2 only the pot magnet 10 is closed see. In this pot magnet, a current-carrying coil 11 is immersed in a known manner, as shown in FIG F i g. 4 is indicated. The diaphragm 12, which is conical in the present case, is connected to the coil 11 (FIG. 3 and 4) connected. The pot magnet 10 is attached to the rear of a dimensionally stable funnel-like basket 13. The basket 13 surrounds the membrane 12 of the loudspeaker and at the same time holds the membrane 12 on it Front stretched. The basket 13 is also used to attach the entire loudspeaker to one Baffle 14. This baffle 14, which is only partially shown in FIGS. 1-4, is shown in FIG Passenger vehicles in which the loudspeaker is primarily used, from the top to the windshield reaching horizontal cover surface of the instrument panel or of the parcel shelf formed in the rear.

The basket 13 has on its front side, that is to say towards the direction of emission of the sound, an outwardly protruding one substantially annular support surface 15. The basket 13 can be fastened to the baffle 14 in this way. that it protrudes through an opening 16 adapted to the basket shape in the baffle 14 (baffle opening 16) and with its support surface 15 on the front side facing the insertion direction of the basket 13 17 of the baffle 14 rests.

The basket 13 carries on its outside 18 at least one resilient snap element 19, that of the support surface 15 of the basket 13 is arranged opposite and designed such that it is in the baffle opening 16 inserted basket 13 engages behind the baffle 14 by clamping. In the present exemplary embodiment! are - like F i g. 2 shows - two such snap elements 19 are provided.

On the outside 18 of the basket 13, a projection 20 is also arranged, which extends into the shell wall opening 16 inserted basket 13 is supported on the baffle 14. The protrusion 20 is wedge-shaped in this way formed that it protrudes from the back of the baffle 14 into the baffle opening 16 and with its wedge surface 36 running at an acute angle to the inner wall of the baffle opening 16 this presses (Fig. 3). Since in the present embodiment, the basket 13 also has an insulating body 22, which carries the electrical loudspeaker connector 23, is expediently the wedge-shaped Projection 20 is formed on the insulating body 22.

As shown in FIG. 2 particularly clearly visible are the two snap elements 19 on both sides of the projection 20 each arranged at an angular distance greater than 90 ° from this. The two snap elements are here 19 arranged symmetrically to the wedge-shaped projection 20 and have an angular distance from each other, which is approx. 90 °.

The snap elements 19 are designed as detent springs 24, which, when the basket 13 is inserted into the baffle opening 16, is located on the rear side 21 of the baffle 14 prop up. The shape of the detent springs 24 is particularly clear in FIG. 1 and 4 can be seen. You are so excellent

forms that it is inserted into the baffle opening 16 Basket 13 with its spring back 25 on the baffle 14, specifically on the rear 21 directly rest against the baffle opening 16 and protrude with their spring end 26 into the baffle opening 16. The detent springs 24 are attached to the outside 18 of the basket 13. For this purpose there are 13 tabs on the basket 27 bent, which bead the approximately 8 mm wide detent springs 24 at their foot 28. The wall of the The basket 13 is from the outside 18 along that part of the detent springs 24 that is free in front of the basket wall arched inward. This creates a trough 29, which ensures that the associated Detent spring 24 can move inward when inserting the basket 13 into the baffle opening 16, is At the same time, this trough 29 also forms a protection for the membrane 12 so that the detent spring can be lifted out 24 the removal tool to be used cannot damage it.

A sound-permeable cover 30 covering the front side thereof is held on the basket 13. The cover 30 has a multiplicity of openings 31 (FIG. 5). To attach the cover 30 to the Basket 13 has the first radial projections 32 arranged at a distance from one another on the circumference. These radial projections can be clipped into corresponding recesses 33 in the basket 13. Here are the radial projections 32 and the recesses 33 adapted to each other by different dimensions so that the Cover 30 on the basket 13 can only be used in a defined position.

The cover 30 also carries two markings 34, which are arranged so that they the position mark the two locking springs 24. Since the cover 30 can only be attached to the basket 30 in a defined position is, these markings 34 are always exactly congruent with the locking springs 24. This represents a This makes dismantling much easier. The position of the detent springs 24 can be seen immediately. You need not having to be laboriously searched for, and inserting the lifting tool for the locking springs 24 in the wrong place, and thus endangering the loudspeaker, is prevented.

The cover 30 carries a water-repellent glass fiber fleece on its inside facing the membrane 12 35. This glass fiber fleece 35 is preferably welded to the cover 30 and has a thickness of about 0.3 mm. The glass fiber fleece 35 is improved once the protection of the loudspeaker, since it prevents that through the openings 31 in the cover 30 Water or dust can penetrate the loudspeaker and settle on the membrane 12. Furthermore This glass fiber fleece 35 guarantees a defined air throughput, which is the case with the known loudspeaker grille with plastic fabric is not guaranteed, and thus improves the sound quality of the speaker.

To mount the loudspeaker in the motor vehicle, the complete loudspeaker shown in FIG. 1 is used initially inserted at a slight angle into the baffle opening 16 of the baffle 14, so that the wedge-shaped projection 20 can pass through the baffle opening 16. Then the loudspeaker is swiveled, whereby the wedge-shaped projection 20 lying on the rear side 21 of the baffle 14 acts as a pivot point, and the part of the loudspeaker or the basket 13 opposite the projection 20 into the baffle opening 16 introduced. The two locking springs 24 come into contact with the inner wall of the baffle opening 16 and are pressed into the trough 29 by this inner wall when the basket 13 is pushed in. As soon as the basket 13 rests with its bearing surface 15 on the front 17 of the baffle 14, the can Due to their design, locking springs 24 grip behind the baffle 14 with their spring back 25. Included are the spring backs 25 of the two locking springs 24 on the back 21 of the baffle 14, directly on the Baffle opening 16 on (Fig. 4). In conjunction with the wedge action of the protrusion 20, the basket 13 and thus the entire loudspeaker is held in a clamping manner in the through opening 16 of the baffle 14. The wedge-shaped projection 20 protruding into the baffle opening 16 results in connection with the two Latch springs 24 a vibration-free three-point snap fastening for the loudspeaker in the baffle 14.

The assembly is carried out without any tools, simply by inserting and pressing in the loudspeaker into the baffle opening 16 of the baffle 14. The loudspeaker, in particular, is through the cover 30 the sensitive membrane 12, protected during assembly. Damage cannot be accidentally appear.

For dismantling, a lifting tool, for. B. a screwdriver, at the points indicated by the markings 34 on the cover 30. Means of the lifting tool, the spring ends 26 of the detent springs 34 are to be pressed into the troughs 29 so that the spring back 25 lifts off the rear side 21 of the baffle 14 and into the area of the baffle opening 16 arrives. So that the locking of the locking springs 24 is canceled and the basket 13 can be removed from the baffle opening 16 in the area of the locking springs 24. Then the entire loudspeaker can be removed from the Remove baffle 14.

The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment described above. So can he Basket 13 also have an oval cross-section instead of the circular cross-section described. The loudspeaker according to the invention can not only be used in vehicles, but can also be used in the same Way can also be used in loudspeaker boxes. Again, a large part of that comes with the invention achieved benefits to their full advantage.

For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Loudspeakers, especially for vehicles, with a funnel-like basket at its front carries an outwardly protruding annular support surface, and can be attached to a baffle in this way is that the basket through an opening in the basket that is essentially matched to the basket cross-section The baffle protrudes and rests with its support surface on the baffle, characterized in that that the basket (13) on its outside (18) on the one hand a projection (20), the when in the sound wall opening (16) inserted basket (13) on the baffle (14) is supported, and on the other hand at least one resilient snap element on the opposite side? (19) that the Support surface (15) is arranged opposite and designed such that it is in the Schailwandöffung (16) inserted basket (13) engages behind the baffle (14) by clamping. 2. Loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the projection (20) is wedge-shaped is designed such that when in the baffle opening (16) inserted basket (12) from the Support surface (15) of the basket (13) facing away from the rear (21) of the baffle (14) into the baffle opening (16) protrudes and is at an acute angle to the inner wall of the baffle opening (16) extending wedge surface (36) presses against this. 3. Loudspeaker according to claim 2, characterized in that that on the outside (18) of the basket (13) an electrical speaker connector (23) supporting insulating body (22) is arranged, and that the wedge-shaped projection (20) on the insulating body (22) is molded. 4. Loudspeaker according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that two snap elements (19) are provided, which are larger on both sides of the pre-jump (20) each at an angular distance 90 ° from this are arranged. 5. The loudspeaker of claim 4, wherein the basket has a circular cross-section, therethrough characterized in that the two snap elements (19) symmetrically to the projection (20) with are arranged at a circumferential angular distance of approximately 90 ° from one another. 6. Loudspeaker according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the snap elements (19) are designed as locking springs (24), which when the basket (13) is inserted into the baffle opening (16) on the back (21) of the baffle (14). 7. loudspeaker according to claim 6, characterized in that that the locking springs (24) are designed in such a way that they are inserted into the baffle opening (16) inserted basket (13) with its spring back (25) on the back (21) of the baffle (14) resilient and protrude with their spring end (26) into the baffle opening (16). 8. Loudspeaker according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the detent springs (24) on the outside (18) of the basket (13). preferably by means of tabs (27) bent therefrom. attached are. b-3 9. Loudspeaker according to one of claims 6-8, characterized in that the wall of the basket (13) along the part which is free in front of the basket wall the locking springs (24) is arched inward 10. Loudspeaker according to one of claims 1-9, characterized in that on the basket (13) a sound-permeable covering the front side thereof Cover (30) is held. 11. Loudspeaker according to claim 10, characterized in that that the cover (30) has a plurality of openings (31). IZ loudspeaker according to claim 10 or 11 characterized in that the cover (30) on the circumference spaced apart radial projections (32) has, in recesses (33) are clipped into the basket (13). 13. Loudspeaker according to claim 12, characterized in that that the radial projections (32) and the recesses (33) are adapted to one another in such a way that that the cover (30) on the basket (13) assumes a defined position. 14. Loudspeaker according to claim 13, characterized in that the position on the cover (30) the detent springs (24) identifying markings (34) are arranged. 15. Loudspeaker according to one of claims 10-14, characterized in that on the inside a water-repellent glass fiber fleece (35) is arranged on the cover (30), preferably welded on, is.