DE2814326C2 - Support body for supporting tube plates in hollow fiber cutting devices - Google Patents

Description

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To seal the non-compressible support housing 11 according to the invention. A person under high pressure

body prevents changes in the shape of the tube plate. The fluid medium is through the with an arrow

and fixes its position within the separating device, marked entrance into a perforated tube 16 inserted

when a pressure difference acts on the tube plate and flows radially outward through the openings 18

The support is on the tube plate side with low 5 against the hollow fibers 12. As a rule, the inlet pipe is

Lower pressure arranged 16 arranged centrally within the hollow fiber bundle

The support body has surface segments which are tightly embedded in the tube plate 13 in the end 16a

Are in contact with the face of the tube plate, so that the fed medium, z. B. water not in

and is characterized by the fact that the average permeate collecting chamber 14 can penetrate. That Before the effective width of the surface segments is less, the entire concentrate leaves the housing 11 through the

than twice the average inner diameter of outlet 19. The permeate, that is, the part of the fluid

of the hollow fibers and the total area of the surface seg- ment medium that passes through the walls of the hollow fibers 12

elements penetrates at least 15% of the corresponding end face, emerges from the open fiber ends through the porous

The supporting area is a maximum of 70% se support 15 in the permeate collecting chamber 14 and the corresponding face. The use of this is there drawn off through the permeate outlet line 20

Support body makes it possible to own the economy.

to improve a separator; because the layer thickness provides a satisfactory support for the pipe plate 13

the tube plate can be reduced, and this can be maintained by the fact that the support

by also the pressure drop within the in the pipe body 15 (which has the same diameter or a In addition, plate embedded fibers are reduced by 20 smaller diameters than the F.yijrplatte

increases the number of can for the construction of the Rohrplat-) between the end cap 21 and the support

te suitable materials. In addition, the supporting end face 13a of the tube plate can be built in

body compared to the thickness of the space to be supported or the chamber, which is

Tube plate be thin so that it can be built into many existing- circuit, the tube plate and the housing, The present 25 is completely filled in with the support body

In addition, the invention has the particular economic- this constructive execution can be the final

s advantage that the productivity, for example, the circuit provided with a water collection device

Discharge of drinking water in a desalination separation plant, z. B. channels or indentations on its

ge per unit of time after installation of the support body are arranged higher surface and which in turn are in contact

fro is 30 tion with the support body stand to a direct

The following drawings, the preferred flow of the permeate from the support body to the Embodiments of the present invention again provide permeate outlet conduit 20 of the permeator, ben, illustrate the design of the porous support The surface of the support body 15, the adjacent body and its use in known separation units is arranged for the end closure, can at directions. 35 places that have a suitable thickness, even with

F i g. 1 is a longitudinal section of a hollow fiber separating indentations or channels provided around the

direction with a tube plate which continues with the inventive flow of the permeate to the permeate outlet line.

appropriate support body is provided. Alternative can be one or more

F i g. 2 is a longitudinal section of another hollow fiber wire mesh of the same or different dimensions

Separating device, in which two supported tube plates 40 rule sizes, or one pierced or perforated

are arranged in such a way that the low-pressure metal plate between the end closure 21 and the

are seldom arranged opposite one another. Support body 15 are arranged to a rapid

In Fig. 1, a separation device is shown to allow drainage of the permeate, aas through the

in which the open ends of the fibers are all in a single pore of the support body to the permeate outlet line

end tube plate, which is percolated at one open end of the 45 device.

Housing is arranged, which in turn receives the fiber / In addition, the support body described can accommodate tube plate arrangement. The separating device can also be used in separating devices that contain 10 a housing or a jacket 11 with a plurality of tube plates. The hollow open ends 11a and in a closed end Hb fibers end in tubes arranged at a distance from one another, as well as a multiplicity of hollow tubes 12, the ends of which are made into plates.

a tube plate 13 are embedded. The hollow fibers The improved support bodies are preferred ?, in

are guided in such a way that they have a U-shaped fiber - so-called double-ended separators with a

form bundles, which is not shown in detail. At aer centrally arranged, perforated inlet or

at their ends the fibers are open and flush with the outlet tube used.

with the end face 13a of the tube plate 13, so that a 55 In such systems, two tube plates are arranged in close connection between the interior of the hollow fibers 12 adjacent to each other and the perme and a permeate collecting chamber 14 is present. An at, which has arrived in the chamber 14 from the fibers of the porous support bodies 15 embedded in the tube sheets, is arranged by conventional collecting devices and causes the tube sheet to be supported. The collected Such a construction is shown in Fig. 2 ge supporting surface 15a is flush with the end face eo shows, inen wherein each of the two tube plates by "13a of the tube plate 13 from. Within the housing 11 separate support body is supported and spacer an end closure 21, which the support body 15 holder are arranged in such a way that it in turn supports, with the help of a locking ring 22 permeate passes through the supports and held out, which in a groove 23 arranged in the housing 11 is a conventional perneatus collecting chamber and a perist. O-ring seals 24 and 25 are in grooves 24a and 65 which can be pulled off meat outlet. The Trenneiurich-25a arranged in the red circumferential surface of the pipe plate is pressure-balanced, that is, the pressures that are provided on te 13 and the end closure 21 are exerted around the high-pressure cables of the pipe plates, the pipe plate 13 and the end closure opposite the are judged against each other via the support

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tet and not directly on the separating device, as in the before of the housing 27, and emerges from the housing

Embodiment of FIG. 1, transferred. As a result, the outlet lines 43 and 43 'are released. The fluid

that the pressures exerted on the tube plates become effective medium that passes through the fiber walls

samer way balanced. If, on the other hand, you want to be in the hollow fibers 28 or 28 ', through the corresponding

adjacent tube plates with a single support s tube plates 29 or 29 'and from the open ends of the

support body, this component should have a larger Dik fibers where it is guided through the porous support body

ke have to provide adequate flow and drainage 32 and 32 'and the collecting plates 33 and 33' in the

to get the flow of permeate from the permeator. Collection chamber 31 flows. From there the permeate

Alternatively, slots or openings can be made in the outlet from the separating device 26 through outlet lines 44

Siützkörper are arranged to a drainage of the io or 45 peeled off.

To accelerate permeate from the usual support bodies. The support rods 34 are shown in FIG. 2 in the way

nigen. reproduced that they have the collecting plates 33 and 33 '

In Fig. 2 shows a separating device 26 which press firmly against the support bodies 32 and 32 ', see above

a housing 27 with two opposing open ends that open onto the high pressure sides of the tube plates

The 26a has a multiplicity of hollow fibers 28, 28 ', are exerted pressures are equalized. It can be used in the same

the fiber bundles 28a and 286 form, are in the exact manner also other devices, such as z. Legs

Se arranged The fibers in each bundle have a perforated cylindrical disc used.

U-shape (not shown), and their open ends are The porous support body according to the present invention

embedded in the tube plates 29 and 29 'in the way invention is used to make the so-called kä! ie

that the open ends flow flush with the end faces 29a 20 and a permanent deformation of the tube plate

the tube plates 29 and 22 complete. th in the separating device. The Absiut-

The end faces of the tube plates 29 and 29 'are inflammable, are porous and can be made of any material

arranged opposite to each other and form between, the incompressible and substantially

see a permeate collection chamber 31. Wall construction is inert to gases and liquids, with

parts 30 and 30 'are optionally provided for the 25 to which the material is

The looped fiber ends not shown come off.

support. Porous support bodies 32 and 32 'create La- If a pressure difference is applied to the tube plate, gerungs- or support surfaces 32a, 32a ', which is deformed by the support body with the End faces 29a of the tube plates 29 and 29 'avoided in connection tube plate, and it is in its position stand and close flush with them and held a- 30 within the separating device, Fill in part of the permeate collection chamber 31. As a support body, sand packings or perforated permeate collecting plates 33 or 33 ', possibly bound sand, ceramic material, sintered material, are arranged inside the chamber 31 and in neighboring metal or metal in the form of braided wire nets Shank to the porous butting bodies 32 or 32 'or sieves are used. Suitable metals are to be made of rust. The collecting plates 33, 33 'are, in contrast, free steel, copper or other corrosion-resistant sets to each other and are in a rela- al alloys.

tive distance from one another against the support body 32 It was found that the supports after

or 32 'pressed by support rods 34 of the present invention, the tube plates sufficiently

End closures 35 and 35 'will support within the area, that is, a slight swelling Housing 27 held by retaining rings 36 and 36 ', 40 and the so-called cold flow and a permanent one which are held within recesses 37 or 37 'within deformation of the tube plate when the pressure of the housing wall 27 occurs. O-rings, which are necessary for most cutting processes. Seals 38 or 38 'and 39 or 39' seal the prevent without impairing the performance of the separating tube plate 29 or 29 'and the end closures 35 or device by a reduced permeate flow 35 'relative to the housing 27. A fluid medium standing to a considerable extent under the high thickness of the open fiber ends is in each of the poorly performing ones. This is based on the fact that the inlet lines 40, 40 'fed through, as by the effective average width of the surface segments of the Arrows indicated. The fluid measuring body, that is to say the smallest width of the surface under the same or essentially the same chensegment, comes into contact with the end face Pressure in the lines to expose the tube plates to the tube plate is less than twice the equalized pressure. The inlet ducts average inside diameter of the fibers. Preferably through the end closures 35 or 35 'and this is the average width of the surface segments Wall components 30 or 30 'out and there is an approximately equal to or less than the average inside against the fluid medium tight engagement. The diameter of the fibers used. In a particularly fluid medium flows through the openings 42, 42 'from the preferred embodiment, the intersecting inlet lines are bundled radially outward through the fiber width of the surface segments of the support. The openings 42, 42 * can have the shape of ger than the average inner diameter of the Have slots, the hollow fibers used along at certain intervals. The butt bodies are in the length of the inlet lines are arranged, which permeators are used in which pressures of at least between the wall components 30, 30 * and the pipe 60 at least about 14 bar and preferably at least 28 bar plates 29, 29 'extend. The inlet lines 40 and occur respectively.

40 'are arranged centrally within the fiber bundle

A closed end of the same is contained in the "materials, such as microscopic, Tube plates 29 or 29 'are tightly embedded so that the intertwined and sintered metal fiber

The fed-in fluid medium does not interfere with the permeate 65 or porous metal structures, such as

can mix in the collection chamber 31. All in the shape of slices or strips or something

Concentrate flows along an intermediate space 27a, which are designed to provide the required surface seg-

have between the tube bundles and an inner surface. The support bodies according to the invention

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per are compared to the thickness of the grade of quality to be supported of 5.0 μιπ nominal pore diameter, where-

Tube plate and in comparison with the thickness of the known average surface segments

th support components comparatively thin. So are the 44 μm in diameter, the surface po

Rohrplattcnbauteile with customary, according to the principle of the ren openings less than about 5.0 μm in diameter

Reverse osmosis devices make up between 5 and the average porosity around

50.8 mm and 101.6 mm thick, and the known abstiit / - 39% is. In the case of a material with a Noniinalporcn

component at least 25.4 mm thick. On the other hand, the diameter of 40.0 μm can lift the corresponding

Support body of the present invention be thinner surface segments a diameter in the range of

than about 12.7 mm and can even be up to about 144 to 300 μm and a main diameter of about

Be 0.001 mm thin. io 177 μm. The surface pore openings are smaller

The support bodies according to the invention have au- as about 40 μm and the average porosity be

ßerdem such a porosity, z. B. pores that carry about 51% of the total surface area. The smallest

the openings are connected in such a way that one or effective surface segment width is im

fluid medium through the material with an average of about 44 to 177 μπι or smaller, if

nem essentially the same resistance to 15 such surface segments more elongated than spherical

the current can flow in all directions. Those that are mig or more rounded than flat.

Total area of the surface segment that causes support, for example if fibers with an average

elements of the support body is in the range from 15 to Chen inner diameter of about 25 μm in such Ma-

70% of the corresponding end face and preferably teriaiien are used, result in the surface

in the range of 15 to 25%. The part of the surface of the 20 mente of the support body with an average

Support body of pores or between the effective width of less than about 44 μπι one Area segments of the existing openings have a lower value than about twice the average

The inner diameter of the fibers used is from 30 to 85%, and preferably from 75 to before. if

85% of the frontal area. As a rule, the fibers used have a higher porosity than the usual average

ity desired, since this has the stability of the support body 25 chen inner diameter of about 90 μπι,

the support body, in which the surface segments

The preferred materials that have an average width of about 44 μπι for support bodies, can be used are microscopic, always surface segments on which are smaller than the intertwined and connected by sintering metal fibers average inner diameter of the fibers, where such as z. B. stainless steel fiber filter mats. 30 against with an average width of about 177 μπι Such filter mats are available in many sizes, the surface segments smaller than about twice as much such as B. with wire threads of about 4 μπι diameter, the average inner diameter of the fibers are, and a pore diameter of about one μm and the preferred, previously described support bodies of average total porosity of about per can be used with hollow fibers that contain 39% (with the present invention having an upper diameter of greater than about 90 μm, Surface porosity is taken into account, which is the same. Tests have been carried out using or approximately the same porosity, as the formation of a separating device available in Hsndcl, which average total porosity of the support) until it works according to the principle of reverse osmosis, to wire thread diameters of about 25 μπι, Hauptpo- namely of the type as generally shown in FIG. 1 ger diameter of about 46 μπι and an average 40 shows, and with a support body, as it is in the lent porosity of about 85%. The smallest or by- US-PS 37 02 658 is described. The support body Average effective width of the wire threads (whose for the tube plate of the cutting device was through Length may vary) on the surface of the filter mat a porous support body according to the present th, which are used as a support body, is enough in the invention replaced, and it was then the Leifolgedessen from 4 to 25 μπι when the wire threads are substantially flat in the strength of the separating device at pressures. If the wire filaments were rounded, as they are usually in a treatment of the average effective width of saline water according to the principle of the reverse Ossel is of course somewhat less. As a result, the moses are to be applied. In the commercially available filter mats, which are used as a support body, chen device necessary for the generation of about for hollow fibers with an average inner temperature of 15 9771 / day at a pressure of 28 bar, diameter of about 25 μm, the hollow fibers had an average effective inner width equal to or smaller than the average diameter of about 30 to 35 μm, the porous inner diameter of the fibers used, while the support body was about 25.4 mm thick and had surface area for fibers with an average in-segments with an average width of about ndiameter of about 90 μπι the effective width 55 450 μπι and an average length of about of the surface segments is smaller than that by x 900 µm. The support body of the present invention average inner diameter of the fibers. Of course, there was an interwoven, sintered connection. Other supports for this tall fiber disk with a filter porosity of about Type with larger surface segments are used with a thickness of about 0.001 mm and with that as long as the effective effective width of the surface segments 60 of about 25 µm effective width segments is less than twice the average and a porosity of about 85%, the support inside diameter of the fibers used. body was still backed by a wire mesh that

In another embodiment of the invention, the pressure exerted on the tubesheet is used on the porous metal composite structures. house wall transferred. The separator was with Such metal structures are commercially available 65 the support body according to the invention for one hour and have a nominal pore structure of 0.5 to long operated at a pressure of 28 bar, then 40.0 μπι. Such porous materials are therefore obsessively turned off and by the usual tube plate preference. B. a support as provided in the commercial establishment

is turned, replaced and then operated again for one hour at a pressure of 28 bar. This support was then replaced again by the support body according to the invention and then again for one hour at a pressure of 28 bar operated. At the end of each operating phase, the actual throughput was measured to determine the effect to check the performance of the support body Si *. As a result of such operations, it was found that the effective performance of the separation to device if it was operated with the support body according to the invention (with surface segments having an average width smaller than the average inner diameter of the fibers) was about 9 to 10% larger than when the separator was operated with a tube plate support according to the prior art (in which the average Width of the surface segments was greater than the average inner diameter of the hollow fibers). With the The separation device used resulted in a yield gain of about 15221 / day; such a profit in the performance compared to the known tube plate support is of considerable economic efficiency Value, especially in the case of larger separating devices that are designed for an output of around 75 7001 / day are.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

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Claims (5)

1 2 tube sheets is caused, which due to the chip patent claims: voltage and the possible fiber breakage to failure or to leakage due to the formation of cracks in the tube sheet 1. Lead porous, non-compressible support body to the th, unless the same mechanically detached, low-pressure-side support is supported by 5. Tubesheets in hollow fiber separators, one solution to this problem is disclosed in US Pat the support body on which the tube plate pulls 34 22 008 disclosed, wherein a perforated metal plate turned face causing the support near the low pressure side of the tube plate .iorge- Has surface segments, the total area of which is machined. The use of this perforated metal ximal 70% of the corresponding face area, io plate creates a support for the tube plate and characterized in that the through- also ensures greater effectiveness and Average effective width of the area segments. Economy due to the lower costs and the (i5a) is less than twice the average need for resin in the tubesheet and better Inner diameter of the hollow fiber (12) and the use of the fiber, since the tube plate is much thinner The total area of the surface segments can be at least 15% as if they were without a perforated metal plate the corresponding face would be. 2. Support body according to claim 1, characterized in that as in US-PS 37 02 658 it is stated that the average width of the dert a perforated metal plate the effectiveness of a Area certificate (15a,} equal to or smaller than the separating device in that it has the openings of a average inner diameter of the hollow fiber ^ 2S considerable number of fibers blocked. aside from that (15) It has been found that it is inconvenient to use the plate 3. Support body according to claims 1 or 2, there- fore with a larger number of sufficiently close beieindurch characterized in that the total area of the perforations arranged on the other to produce the Surface segments (ISa ^ 15 to 25% of the corre- sponding blockage of the fiber openings' avoid this the frontal area is 25 US-PS shows the use of a porous, non-com- 4. Support body according to one of claims 1 to pressable Abstützuni; on the side of the tube plate mil 3, characterized in that it has a thickness of lower pressure, so that the pressure exerted on the tube plate during the working period is less than 12.7 mm. 5. Support body according to one of claims 1 to difference over the support on the device over- 4, by drawing in ge'x that it is drawn from a contract. It is shown that this support is a braided metal fiber, connected by sintering, prevents swelling, cold flow and permanent build-up of the tube plate and prevents it from forming makes significant savings as the The thickness of the tube plate can be reduced. this 35 leads to a reduction in the pressure drop within the hollow fibers used. The present invention relates to a porous supports, which according to the above-mentioned red support body for the support of tube plates of the US-PS made of bound sand, keiriTUschem material in hollow fiber cutting devices. al or sintered metal parts or made of braided In technology, separating devices are made with hollow fiber 40 wire mesh or wire screen, Well known also, a variety of but have a number of disadvantages, in particular Known hollow fiber membranes, which are selectively permeable, a certain loss of capacity is to be expected. For different types of components of fluid mixtures, it is also stated that the effective width of the layers, that is to say liquid or gaseous media, are approximately 2 to 50 times the size of the support when an above atmospheric pressure 45 of the average inside diameter of the used is applied. In known hollow fiber permeators, such as hollow fibers or capillaries. As a result, they e.g. B. are described in US-PS 35 03 515, the smallest dimension of the surface segments will be in sen Such membranes used are usually at least about twice as wide as in all cases In these permeators, the hollow fiber ends are embedded in a seal - the inside diameter of the fibers used, which is usually referred to as a tube plate - due to the open ends of some fibers in the facility. This tube plate, which is completely blocked as a seal tur.g. This blocking, acts around the outside of each fiber end, separating which becomes even stronger when wider effective areas are used in connection with the outside of the hollow fibers, segments of the same fiber size Zones extending from the zone to the opposite cause a loss of capacity, especially at Side of the tube plate, which in turn, in connection with 55 higher operating pressures, the hollow interiors or lumens of the fibers is the object of the invention to provide a constructive structure Such separators are in large form a porous support for tube plates of Scope of separation processes, such as B. to create the hollow fiber permeators, on the one hand a reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration of a salt solution enables effective support, but on the other hand solution or brackish water for the production of drinking 60 is designed so that no hollow fiber ends through the water or in the case of gas separation processes or oxidation support bodies are closed and thus blocked used to drive. In some of these procedures. the comparatively high pressures, for example of 28 This object is achieved by the porous, not up to 112 bar, used to achieve the desired separation of compressible support bodies for immediate non- accomplish. It is known, however, that when the pressure-side support of tube plates in hollow Tube plates of the separating devices high pressure differential fiber separating devices according to claim I. over longer periods of time during loading. The subclaims are preferred embodiments drive are exposed, a change in shape of the approximately forms of the invention described.