DE2756186B2 - Process for reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases by means of ultraviolet radiation - Google Patents
Process for reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases by means of ultraviolet radiationInfo
- Publication number
- DE2756186B2 DE2756186B2 DE19772756186 DE2756186A DE2756186B2 DE 2756186 B2 DE2756186 B2 DE 2756186B2 DE 19772756186 DE19772756186 DE 19772756186 DE 2756186 A DE2756186 A DE 2756186A DE 2756186 B2 DE2756186 B2 DE 2756186B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen
- gases
- oxides
- exhaust gases
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/007—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Sauerstoffs entsprechend der folgenden Gleichung reagiert:Oxygen reacts according to the following equation:
2 NH3 + 5/2 O2 + h v^ 2 NO + 3 H2O.2 NH 3 + 5/2 O 2 + h v ^ 2 NO + 3 H 2 O.
Beim Fortschreiten dieser Reaktion wird Sauerstoff allmählich verbraucht, und dadurch wird die Bildung von Ozon durch die Umsetzung (5) vermieden, und die Reaktionskette, Stufen 1 bis 4, kann ihren normalen Verlauf nehmen.As this reaction progresses, oxygen is gradually consumed and this leads to the formation of Ozone avoided by implementation (5), and the chain of reactions, stages 1 to 4, can go back to normal Take course.
Das Ammoniak kann entweder in gasförmigem oder in flüssigem Zustand vor dem Vermischen mit den Abgasen vorliegen, und bei bevorzugten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsformen werden Mengen an Ammoniak von 5 χ IQ-3 bis 2 χ 10-2 Mol/l Abgase verwendet. The ammonia can be either in the gaseous or in the liquid state prior to mixing with the exhaust gases present, and in preferred embodiments of the invention amounts of ammonia of 5 χ IQ 3 are to 2 χ 10- 2 moles used / l exhaust gases.
Nach der Behandlung mit Ammoniak und der Bestrahlung mit ultraviolettem Licht zur Dissoziation des Stickstoffoxids werden die Abgase bevorzugt mit Wasser zur Entfernung irgendwelchen restlichen Ammoniaks vor der Abgabe in die Atmosphäre gewaschen. Das Ammoniak kann wiedergewonnen und zum weiteren Vermischen mit weiteren Abgasen recyclisiert werden.After treatment with ammonia and irradiation with ultraviolet light for dissociation of nitrogen oxide, the exhaust gases are preferably mixed with water to remove any residual Washed ammonia before releasing it into the atmosphere. The ammonia can be recovered and recycled for further mixing with other exhaust gases.
Das Waschwasser löst ebenfalls irgendwelche Ammoniumsalze, die in den Gasen vorhanden sein können. Diese Salze können ebenfalls gewonnen werden.The wash water also dissolves any ammonium salts that may be present in the gases. These salts can also be obtained.
Die Abgase werden bevorzugt vor dem Vermischen mit Ammoniak zur Entfernung von Staub behandelt.The exhaust gases are preferably treated with ammonia to remove dust prior to mixing.
An Hand der beigefügten Zeichnung wird eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform näher erläutert. In der beigefügten Zeichnung ist eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens schematisch dargestellt.An embodiment according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. In the accompanying drawing is a diagram of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention shown.
Wie in der Zeichnung dargestelh, werden die Abgase, die Stickstoffoxid und Sauerstoff enthalten, zuerst in eine Staubentfernungsvorrichtung 1 geleitet. Aus dieser werden staubfreie Gase in eine Mischvorrichtung 2 gefördert, wo sie mit einer Menge von etwa 0,01 Mol Ammoniak/l der Gase vermischt werden. Das Ammoniak wird in die Mischvorrichtung 2 aus einem Lagerungstank (nicht dargestellt) geleitet.As shown in the drawing, the exhaust gases, which contain nitrogen oxide and oxygen, are first in a dust removing device 1 passed. From this dust-free gases are fed into a mixing device 2 promoted, where they are mixed with an amount of about 0.01 mol ammonia / l of the gases. The ammonia is fed into the mixing device 2 from a storage tank (not shown).
Das Gemisch aus Ammoniak und Abgasen wird dann in einen Reaktor 3 geleitet, wo es mit ultravioletter Bestrahlung einer Wellenlänge von 1450 χ 10-8 bis 1900 χ 10-8cm zur Aktivierung der Reaktion von Ammoniak mit Sauerstoff unter Bildung von WasserThe mixture of ammonia and exhaust gases is then passed to a reactor 3 where it χ with ultraviolet radiation of a wavelength of 1450 χ 10- 8-1900 10- 8 cm to activate the reaction of ammonia with oxygen to form water
"> und Stickstoffoxid und zur Dissoziation des entstehenden Stickstoffdioxids zusammen mit dem, das ursprünglich in den Abgasen vorhanden war, unter Bildung von Stickstoff und Sauerstoff gemäß den obigen Reaktionen 1 bis 4 bestrahlt wird."> and nitrogen oxide and to dissociate the resulting nitrogen dioxide together with that which was originally was present in the exhaust gases, forming nitrogen and oxygen according to the above reactions 1 to 4 is irradiated.
πι Gleichzeitig reagiert ein Teil des Ammoniaks mit irgendwelchen in den Gasen enthaltenem Schwefeldioxid und Wasser unter Bildung von Ammoniumsulfit entsprechend der Gleichung:πι At the same time, some of the ammonia also reacts any sulfur dioxide and water contained in the gases with the formation of ammonium sulfite according to the equation:
SO2 + H2O + 2NH3^(NH4J2SO3.SO 2 + H 2 O + 2NH 3 ^ (NH 4 J 2 SO 3 .
Die restlichen Gase, zusammen mit den im Reaktor 3 gebildeten Reaktionsprodukten, werden in einen Skrubber bzw. Waschturm bzw. Berieselungsturm 4 geleitet, wo sie mit Wasser zur Entfernung von gebildetenThe remaining gases, together with the reaction products formed in the reactor 3, are passed into a scrubber or washing tower or sprinkler tower 4 passed, where they are formed with water to remove
j» Ammoniumsalzen und irgendwelchem restlichen Ammoniak, das vorhanden sein kann, gewaschen werden.j »ammonium salts and any residual ammonia, that may be present can be washed.
Von hier werden die gereinigten Gase in die Atmosphäre über einen Schornstein (nicht dargestelh) geleitet.From here the cleaned gases are released into the atmosphere via a chimney (not shown) directed.
r> Die wäßrige Lösung, die aus dem Skrubber 4 abfließt, wird zur Gewinnung des Ammoniaks erhitzt, das zu dem Mischer 2 recyclisiert wird. Sie wird dann zur Gewinnung der Ammoniumsalze, die von großer Bedeutung als Düngemittel sind, konzentriert.r> The aqueous solution that flows out of the scrubber 4, is heated to recover the ammonia which is recycled to the mixer 2. It then becomes the Concentrated extraction of ammonium salts, which are of great importance as fertilizers.
»ι Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist somit, verglichen mit bekannten Systemen, sehr vorteilhaft, da es leicht in irgendeine Art industrieller Anlagen integriert werden kann, unabhängig davon, ob sie bereits im Betrieb ist oder nicht. Man kann das erfindungsgemäßeThe method according to the invention is thus compared with known systems, very advantageous as it is easily integrated into any type of industrial plant regardless of whether it is already in operation or not. You can use the inventive
s'i Verfahren nur zu spezifischen Zeiten in Gebrauch nehmen, z. B. wenn die Umgebungsbedingungen eine Smogbildung erwarten lassen. In europäischen Breitengraden wird es erforderlich sein, es durchschnittlich 10 bis 20 Tag/jahr zu betreiben. Das erfindungsgemäßes'i procedure only in use at specific times take, e.g. B. if the ambient conditions suggest that smog will form. In European latitudes it will be required to operate it an average of 10 to 20 days / year. The inventive
in Verfahren ist somit billiger als bekannte Systeme zur Entfernung von Oxiden des Stickstoffs zu betreiben, und weiterhin wird bei ihm eine Vorrichtung verwendet, die relativ billig ist.in process is thus cheaper than known systems for To operate removal of oxides of nitrogen, and furthermore a device is used with him that is relatively cheap.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
Claims (1)
begünstigt, worin M eine Masse bzw. eine Substanz wieO 2 + O 4- M ■ - ' O., + M (5)
favors where M is a mass or a substance such as
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT7013676A IT1074407B (en) | 1976-12-30 | 1976-12-30 | PROCEDURE FOR THE REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE PRESENT IN COMBUSTION GASES AND IN THE EFFLUENTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL PLANTS BY REDUCTION OPERATED BY ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION OF PRE-MIXED GASES WITH AMMONIA |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2756186A1 DE2756186A1 (en) | 1978-07-06 |
DE2756186B2 true DE2756186B2 (en) | 1979-01-11 |
DE2756186C3 DE2756186C3 (en) | 1982-10-14 |
Family
ID=11313495
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19772756186 Expired DE2756186C3 (en) | 1976-12-30 | 1977-12-16 | Process for reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases by means of ultraviolet radiation |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2756186C3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2375897A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1551588A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1074407B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0150485A1 (en) * | 1984-01-27 | 1985-08-07 | Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the conversion of nitrogen oxides in flue gases |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4416748A (en) | 1981-09-08 | 1983-11-22 | Concord Scientific Corporation | Process for reduction of the content of SO2 and/or NOx in flue gas |
DE3370766D1 (en) * | 1983-09-08 | 1987-05-14 | Concord Scient Corp | Process for the reduction of the content of so2 and/or nox in flue gas |
US4995955A (en) * | 1989-09-14 | 1991-02-26 | Lehigh University | Optically-assisted gas decontamination process |
US8865097B2 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2014-10-21 | Baoquan Zhang | Flur-gas purification and reclamation system and method thereof |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1245029B (en) * | 1962-07-13 | 1967-07-20 | Koppers Gmbh Heinrich | Process for removing nitrogen oxide from gases containing it |
SE375455B (en) * | 1970-10-26 | 1975-04-21 | Environmental Master Systems |
-
1976
- 1976-12-30 IT IT7013676A patent/IT1074407B/en active
-
1977
- 1977-12-01 GB GB5017677A patent/GB1551588A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-12-16 DE DE19772756186 patent/DE2756186C3/en not_active Expired
- 1977-12-29 FR FR7739697A patent/FR2375897A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0150485A1 (en) * | 1984-01-27 | 1985-08-07 | Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the conversion of nitrogen oxides in flue gases |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1074407B (en) | 1985-04-20 |
DE2756186C3 (en) | 1982-10-14 |
FR2375897A1 (en) | 1978-07-28 |
GB1551588A (en) | 1979-08-30 |
DE2756186A1 (en) | 1978-07-06 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OAP | Request for examination filed | ||
OD | Request for examination | ||
C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |