DE2753742A1 - Solar heating system for tiled roof - has water sprayed onto tiles under transparent cover and collected by auxiliary gutter - Google Patents

Abstract

The solar heating system suitable for an existing building with a sloping tiled roof, circulates water which is allowed to flow down the tiles for heating by the sun. The tiles are covered by a transparent layer, which may be a plastics sheet, suitably tensioned around its sides. Alternatively, overlapping hard plastics panels may be mounted on the tiles. The water is sprayed onto the top layer of tiles, under the transparent layer, and runs down to a special collector gutter installed inside the normal rainwater gutter. It is then pumped to a hot water tank before passing up again to the sprays.

Description

Solar energy collector "

The invention relates to a solar energy collector that absorbs the solar energy absorbed by a house roof and transfers it to a heat transfer medium transmits.

Such collectors are mainly used to heat domestic water, Swimming pool water or circuit water used in heating systems in buildings.

Different types of collectors are known, but they fall into two main categories can be divided into: 1. Collectors for directed sun rays The main feature Such collectors lies in the bundling of the directed sun rays, around a height To achieve heating surface load on the heat-absorbing surface Such collectors are suitable for heating heating water or - in countries with longer cloudless periods - for the evaporation of work equipment and thus to drive a wide variety of steam machines.

The focusing of the sun's rays can be done with such collectors the outer wall of an opaque, with heat transfer medium flowing through it Pipe, sketch 1, or on the inner wall of a half translucent and to the other half of the opaque pipe, sketch 2. In the case of the latter Execution, it is advantageous that the heat transfer medium is in direct contact with the absorbent layer of the pipe. This simplifies the isolation of the collector in relation to the environment.

The advantages of the above collectors are relatively high Manufacturing effort and thus high costs.

This effort would not be worthwhile for our latitudes because We are here essentially - in good weather - old diffuse solar radiation have to do.

2. Collectors for diffuse solar energy These collectors are soh with us more and more.

Eioh has shown. that the performance of simply assembled collectors hardly differ from those of highly sophisticated collector designs. Therefore the main development is directed towards the manufacture of collectors that are as simple as possible, with their help the available solar energy with low investment costs can be made usable for heating purposes.

The structure of such collectors is usually similar and consists of two Swnmelleitunen for the inflow and outflow of the heat transfer media, which flowed through with round, oval or rectangular tubes, which serve as the actual absorber, are connected. Furthermore, such Eollektoreinheit is insulated downwards and Covered above with a sheet of glass to cool the absorbent surface prevent by convection. What all diffuse ray collectors have in common that the absorbent layer is separated from the heat carrier flow by a wall. As a result, the absorber temperature is higher than the temperature of the cooled wall side.

Such collectors of diffuse solar energy are quite simple under construction and indeed contribute to the above-mentioned goal, namely the minimization of the Manufacturing costs, however, the manufacturing and assembly costs are always still too high for a clear economic use of solar energy for heating purposes bring about.

The object of this invention is to provide a very simple sensor system for sun exposure to create. Particular emphasis is placed on the fact that one with a minimum of superstructures and a negligibly low installation effort use the entire roof surface of a house as a solar radiation collector, Furthermore, care is taken that the energy-absorbing layer is immediately with the heat transfer medium is gektihlt1 what so far with collectors of diffuse Sunshades is not the case.

Such a collector system uses the absorption capacity of already existing roof tiles as absorbers of diffuse or directed solar radiation. Because the heat absorption capacity one covered with roof tiles House roofs are relatively thick and such roofs are usually watertight cs to draw water over the entire lungs of the roof. Building a such a collector is shown in sketch 3. Spraying with water should be over a drilled pipe (1) arranged at the height of the roof ridge takes place. Warm water arrives there by absorbing the heat absorbed by the roof tiles (2) to the hot water collecting gutter (3), which is housed in the rainwater gutter.

So that an optimal use of solar energy is achieved, should the sprayed roof tile surface covered with a translucent mat (4) will. Such a mat can be made of soft (the cheapest) or hard plastic or consist of a glass mat enclosed in a frame (greenhouse). At a Tensioning or tensioning devices are used to cover the roof with a plastic film (5) provided. The spanning mat has two advantages: 1. It is created no loss of the heat transfer medium through evaporation.

2. The heat losses through convection are prevented.

The second-mentioned effect can be increased by instead a simple mat, a double mat with a gap of a few millimeters is used.

The space between the roof mat and the tiled roof is opposite the outside atmosphere sealed by laterally arranged sealing elements.

«The heated heat transfer medium can go directly to the radiator in the room be conveyed, or 1 as shown in sketch 3, through a heat exchanger (e.g. Evaporator of a hot water pump) can be cooled and sent back to the roof.

In the collector design proposed here, the Dissipation of the absorbed solar energy directly to the heating page of the absorber. This removes some of the unavoidable losses in the spanning mat compensated again.

However, the main advantage of this invention is that it is extremely simple Remodeling of tiled roofs into a collector for solar energy. With this one The simplest solution mentioned, namely covering with an opaque one Plastic film, the costs are mainly from the borühleitung or. the collecting channel disputed. In addition, damage caused by the weather on such films is dated Air dome construction already well known and manageable.

The other solution, sketch 4, in which the roof is covered with a glass mat is covered, however, has an optical advantage. The in a plastic, wooden or metal frames, smooth or matt glass panes can be used as single or double glazing. Spraying the roof tiles or collecting them of the heated medium is also carried out via a perforated pipe or

a gutter. A sealing of the space between the roof tiles and the glass covering also takes place here via density moments.

Claims (6)

Claims 1. Solar energy collector for houses with tiled roofs, d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that a heat transfer medium on that with a translucent mat covered roof is sprayed. 2. Solar energy collector for houses with tiled roofs according to Anepruch 1, d a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the spanning mat is made of single-layer or multilayer plastic film (sketch 31 pos. 4). 3. Solar energy collector for houses with tiled roofs as required 2, it is indicated that the plastic film with suitable Tensioning and re-tensioning devices can be tensioned. 4. Solar energy collector for houses with tiled roofs according to claim 1 d a d u r c h g e k e n n.z e i c h n e t that the roof mat is framed Glass or translucent, hard plastic panes (sketch 4, item 4) are made. 5. Solar energy collector for houses with tiled roofs according to claims 1, 2 and 4, d u r o h g e n n n z e i n e t that the space between the spanning mat and roof tiles by means of suitable diaphragm elements against the external atmosphere is sealed 6. Solar energy collector for houses with tiled roofs, according to claims 1 to 5, d u r a h e k e n n n z e i c h e t that the draining heat transfer medium is collected in a second insulated gutter built into a rain gutter.