DE2750732A1 - Mixed sulpho-succinate half ester prodn. - from jojoba oil by saponification, conversion to acyl-alkanol:amide then reaction with maleic anhydride and sulphite - Google Patents

Abstract

The parent patent describes a process for washing a mixt. of sulpho-succinates of formulae RO.CO.CHY.CHY'. -COOM (I) and R'CO.NR''.X.O.CO.CHY.CHY'.COOM (II) (R is residue of fatty alcohols from sperm oil or spermacetic oil. R' is residue of fatty acids from the same oils. X = >=2C opt. branched hydrocarbyl; R4 = H, (hydroxy)alkyl with the total no. of C in X and R'' = 2-6. M is an equivalent of a water-solubilising cation suitable for washing compsns.; Y=H and Y' = SO3M or vice versa). The method involves saponification or transesterification (with 1-3C alcohols) of the oil; converting the liberated fatty acid (or ester) to acylalkanolamides in presence of the liberated fatty alcohol, then reaction of the mixt. with maleic anhydride and a sulphite. In this addn., jojoba oil (A) is used in place of sperm oil or spermacetic oil. Prods. from (A) are generally equivalent to those from sperm oil which is now in short supply. In some respects they are superior e.g. reduced foaming power and lower swelling value in synthetic detergent soaps.

Description

The subject of patent application P 20 39 745 is a method

for the preparation of a mixture of sulfosuccinate half-esters of the formulas and in which R stands for the hydrocarbon chains of the fatty alcohols contained in the total sperm oil or spermaceti oil, R 'for the hydrocarbon chains of the fatty acids contained in the total spermaceti oil, X for a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon chain with at least two carbon atoms, R "for hydrogen, an alkyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group, where the total number of carbon atoms in X and R ″ together is 2 to 6, M stands for one equivalent of a cation which is suitable for washing purposes and gives the product water solubility, and Y stands for hydrogen and Y 'for SO3M or vice versa is characterized in that first sperm oil or spermaceti oil is either saponified to fatty alcohols and fatty acids or transesterified with an aliphatic monohydric alcohol with 1 to 3 carbon atoms to give fatty alcohols and the corresponding fatty acid alkyl esters, then the released acids or their alkyl esters in acylalkanolamides in the presence of the released ones Fatty alcohols umwan delt and finally converts the resulting mixture of fatty alcohols and acylalkanolamides by reaction with maleic anhydride and a sulfite to sulfosuccinate half-esters.

The mixture of sulfosuccinate half-esters obtained by this process has excellent foaming properties, but it is used as a raw material Sperm oil or sperm aceti oil has become very scarce lately, so therefore there is an intensive search for substitutes for this versatile raw material.

It has now been found that a mixture of sulfosuccinate half-esters can be obtained of similar but in some respects superior properties if one obtains in the process of the main patent, instead of sperm oil or sperm aceti oil, jojoba oil used.

Jojoba oil is a wax ester, the composition of which by D. M. Yermanos and C. C. Duncan in J.A.O.C.S. 53, 80 (1976) in 1973 and 1974 in investigations showed the following chain distribution in the extreme values: fatty acids fatty alcohol distribution Distribution C 18: 1 10.1 - 20.7 Z C 20: 1 67.5 - 77, /% 26.1 - 63.3 Z C 22: 1 6.2 - 13.8 X 27.2 - 42.0 X C 24: 1 1.0 - 8.0% One made from a jojoba oil - whose chain distribution was within the limits listed - produced Sulfosuccinate half ester (SB-J) has been compared to one according to the main patent sulfosuccinate half esters (SB-S) produced. The starting conditions for the following tests were kept the same in each case.

1) Foaming power and foam resistance according to Ross-Miles (0.1% at 400, immediately and after 5 minutes) SB - J 75/65 SB - S 165/160 2) Networking capacity according to DIN 53 901, 0.1% in dist. Water SB - J 12 sec.

SB - S 10 sec.

3) Lime soap dispersibility according to DIN 53 903 SB - J 10 SB - S 11 4) Washing power The washing power was tested with the WFK cotton standard (test fabric the laundry research, Krefeld, with artificial soiling). The fabric was with an automatic drum washing machine at 60 C, with detergent solutions washed by 5 g per liter of active content.

The washed test fabric strips were with the 670-Color and Glossmeter from Photovolt, New York, measured.

1st measurement 2nd measurement Test fabric, untreated 82% 82% test fabric soiled 35% 35 7e test fabric soiled and washed a) SB - J 75% 76 % b) SB - S 80% 79% 5) Swelling value in syndet soaps SB - J 12% SB - S 15% It falls on that the sulfosuccinate half-ester based on jojoba oil is one for a number of Applications has the desired significantly reduced foaming power. Also the essential The lower swelling value in syndet soaps has advantages over sulfosuccinates Base sperm oil.

Example 100 g of jojoba oil are mixed with 10 g of monoethanolamine in the presence of 0.1 g of sodium methylate as a catalyst reacted with stirring and the reaction temperature slowly increased to 1400C. It's take care too carry that free alkali is present, if necessary, some sodium methylate is used followed up. After two hours of reaction, a solid, waxy material which no longer showed an ester band in the IR spectrum and consists of a Mixture of jojoba fatty acid monoethanolamide and jojoba fatty alcohol.

80 g of this reaction mixture are mixed with 26 g of maleic anhydride reacted in a known manner to form the half-ester mixture and then directly with it 34 g of sodium sulfite sulfonated in 310 g of water. A milky white liquid is obtained Dispersion with 30% solids content, which when diluted with water gives an almost clear, viscous liquid results.

Claims (1)

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A MIXTURE OF SULFO-SUCC INATHALBESTERN Addition to patent application P 20 39 745 patent claim modification of the method for Preparation of a mixture of sulfosuccinate half esters according to the patent application P 20 39 745, it is not stated that jojoba oil is used instead used by sperm oil or sperm aceti oil.