DE2749903A1 - DEVICE FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUID NATURAL GAS WITH IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCE - Google Patents
DEVICE FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUID NATURAL GAS WITH IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCEInfo
- Publication number
- DE2749903A1 DE2749903A1 DE19772749903 DE2749903A DE2749903A1 DE 2749903 A1 DE2749903 A1 DE 2749903A1 DE 19772749903 DE19772749903 DE 19772749903 DE 2749903 A DE2749903 A DE 2749903A DE 2749903 A1 DE2749903 A1 DE 2749903A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- internal combustion
- turbine
- combustion engine
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
- F02C1/05—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly characterised by the type or source of heat, e.g. using nuclear or solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
- F02C1/10—Closed cycles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
- F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0311—Air heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0316—Water heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0323—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid in a closed loop
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/07—Generating electrical power as side effect
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Description
Anmelderln» Gutehoffnungshütte Sterkrade 2 7 A 9 9 0 3 Registrants » Gutehoffnungshütte Sterkrade 2 7 A 9 9 0 3
Aktiengesellschaft, 4200 Oberhausen-Sterkrade Aktiengesellschaft, 4200 Oberhausen-Sterkrade
Einrichtung zur Verdampfung von verflüssigtem Erdgas mit verbesserter EnergiebilanzDevice for the evaporation of liquefied natural gas with an improved energy balance
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung zur Verdampfung von verflüssigtem Erdgas (Liquefied Natural Gas = UiT,), mit einem in den LNG-Strom geschalteten Verdampfer, der in den Kreislauf einer zur Elektrizitätserzeugung bestimmten Gasturbinenanlage im geschlossenen Prozeß geschaltet ist, wobei dem Kreislauf Wärmeenergie über einen Erhitzer zugeführt wird.The invention relates to a device for the evaporation of liquefied natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas = UiT,), with an evaporator connected to the LNG stream, which is connected in the circuit of a gas turbine system intended for electricity generation in a closed process, the circuit being heat energy is supplied via a heater.
Bei der Verflüssigung und Wiederverdampfung des aus Hberseeländern in die Bundesrepublik Deutschland transportierten LNG schlägt der Energieverbrauch der Anlagen zur Verflüssigung und zur Verdampfung stark zu Buch. Zur Energieeinsparung ist daher bei der Verdampfung seit einiger Zeit schon das Prinzip bekannt, Stromerzeugung und LNG-Verdampfung zu kombinieren.In the liquefaction and re-evaporation of the from overseas countries LNG transported to the Federal Republic of Germany beats the energy consumption of the plants for liquefaction and for evaporation strong to book. In order to save energy, therefore, evaporation has been used The principle of combining power generation and LNG evaporation has been known for some time.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei einer Kombination von LNG-Verdampfung und Stromerzeugung mit Gasturbinen im geschlossenen Prozeß eine weitgehende Optmierung der Rückgewinnung der Energie möglich ist. Ein charakteristischesIt has been shown that with a combination of LNG evaporation and power generation with gas turbines in a closed process, an extensive optimization of the recovery the energy is possible. A characteristic one
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Merkmal ist die tiefe Verdichtereintrittstemperatur von -14O°C. Da der Wirkungsgrad des Prozesses vom Verhältnis der oberen Prozeßtemperatur zur unteren Prozeßtemperatur abhängig ist, ergeben sich sehr günstige Wirkungsgrade. Der Gesamtnutzungsgrad der Anlage, d.h. das Verhältnis von abgegebener Nutzleistung = elektrische Leistung + Wärmeleistung zur LNG-Verdampfung dividiert durch zugeführte Brennstoffleistung kann sogar bis über 80 % gesteigert werden. Daraus wird ersichtlich, daß die Verwendung einesvprozeßschemas ein Brennstoffausnutzung ergibt, die bis auf geringe Reibungs- und Abstrahlungsverluste eine weitgehende Konversion von Primärenergie in Nutzenergie ermöglicht.The characteristic is the low compressor inlet temperature of -14O ° C. Because the efficiency of the process on the ratio the upper process temperature is dependent on the lower process temperature, very favorable efficiencies result. The overall degree of utilization of the system, i.e. the ratio of output power = electrical power + Heat output for LNG evaporation divided by the supplied fuel output can even reach over 80% can be increased. From this it can be seen that the use of a process scheme results in a fuel economy which, apart from low friction and radiation losses, largely converts primary energy into Usable energy enables.
Als Arbeitsmedium für den geschlossenen Kreislauf wird im allgemeinen Stickstoff verwendet, wobei diesem 0,5 % Sauerstoff beigefügt ist, um das Eindringen von Stickstoff in die Hochtemperaturoberflächen der Kreislaufkomponenten zu verhindern. Für die Realisierung derartiger Einrichtungen ist von Vorteil, daß alle Komponenten von entsprechenden, bereits gebauten Gastubinen-Anlagen übernommen werden können. Für die Verwendung bekannter Gasturbinen muß lediglich der Verdichter an die niedrige Eintrittstemperatur angepaßt werden.Nitrogen is generally used as the working medium for the closed circuit, with 0.5% Oxygen is added to prevent nitrogen from entering the high temperature surfaces of the circulatory components to prevent. For the implementation of such devices it is advantageous that all components can be taken over by corresponding, already built gastubine systems. For the use known gas turbines only the compressor has to be adapted to the low inlet temperature.
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Trotz des außerordentlich hohen Wirkungsgrades stelltDespite the extraordinarily high degree of efficiency
die Investitionskosten zu senken,reduce investment costs,
sich weiterhin die AufgabeXaie Energiebilanz zu verbessern, Verluste zu verringern und die Leistungsabgabe der Einrichtung an verschiedene Bedarfslagen leichter anpaßbar zu machen.continue the task of improving the Xaie energy balance, Reduce losses and make it easier for the device to deliver its power to various requirements to make customizable.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst bei einer Einrichtung der eingangs genannten Art, bei der der Erhitzer ein Wärmeaustauscher ist, der in den Abgasstrom einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit gekoppeltem Generator geschaltet ist.This object is achieved with a device of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the heater is a heat exchanger which is connected to the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine with a coupled generator.
Der Einsatz einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine ,The use of an internal combustion engine
vorzugsweise eines Dieselmotors, bringt wesentliche Vorteile im Sinne der Aufgabenstellung. Bei der zur Stromerzeugung dienenden Verbrennungskraftmaschine fallen größere Mengen an Abwärme an, die insbesondere in den Verbrennungsgasen enthalten sind. Anzumerken ist, daß unter "Verbrennungskraftmaschine" auch jeweils Gruppen derartiger Maschinen zu verstehen sind.preferably a diesel engine, brings significant advantages in terms of the task at hand. When used to generate electricity Serving internal combustion engine accumulate larger amounts of waste heat, in particular in the Combustion gases are included. It should be noted that under "internal combustion engine" there are also groups such machines are to be understood.
An die Abtriebswelle der Verbrennungskraftmaschine ist ein Generator gekoppelt, dessen Leistungsabgabe relativ einfach mit Hilfe der Steuerung der Kraftmaschine einstell- und veränderbar ist. Durch die Ausnutzung der Abgase der Verbrennungskraftmaschine ist der BetriebA generator is coupled to the output shaft of the internal combustion engine and its power output is relative can be set and changed easily with the help of the control of the prime mover. By taking advantage of the The exhaust of the internal combustion engine is the operation
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eines weiteren Generators im geschlossenen System möglich. Der Gesamt-Nutzungsgrad der Anlage im bereits definierten Sinne kann bis auf 90 % und mehr gesteigert werden. Dabei ist die Einrichtung ökonomisch aufzubauen und zu betreiben. Die Turbine kann ohne Veränderung übernommen werden. Sie benötigt keine Schaufelkühlung. Rekuperatoren und Wärmeaustauscher sind ebenfalls bekannt. Für den LNG-Verdampfer stehen genügend Erfahrungen aus der Tieftemperatur-Technik zur Verfügung.another generator in the closed system is possible. The overall degree of utilization of the system in the already defined sense can be increased up to 90% and more. The facility is to be set up economically and operate. The turbine can be taken over without modification. It does not require blade cooling. Recuperators and heat exchangers are also known. There is enough space for the LNG vaporizer Experience from low-temperature technology is available.
Wird die Verbrennungskraftmaschine, die vorzugsweise ein Dieselmotor ist, mit einem Abgasturbolader betrieben, so ist möglich,If the internal combustion engine, which is preferably a diesel engine, is operated with an exhaust gas turbocharger, then is possible,
a) den Wärmeaustauscher in den aus der Turbine des Abgasturboladers austretenden Gasstrom odera) the heat exchanger into the gas flow emerging from the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger or
b) den Wärmeaustauscher in den in die Turbine des Abgasturboladers eintretenden Abgasstromb) the heat exchanger into the exhaust gas flow entering the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger
zu schalten. Je nach den herrschenden Betriebsbedingungen (Temperatur, Druck der Abgase vor und nach dem Abgasturbolader) können optimale Betriebsbedingungen bestimmt werden. Eine weitere Verbesserung der Energiebilanz im Sinne der Aufgabenstellung ergibt sich, wenn die Verdichtung in den zur Gasturbinenanlage gehörenden Verdichter und/oder die Entspannung in der Turbine mit mehreren Wärmeübergangsschritten (Abwärmeabgabe bzv/.to switch. Depending on the prevailing operating conditions (temperature, pressure of the exhaust gases upstream and downstream of the exhaust gas turbocharger) optimal operating conditions can be determined. Another improvement in the energy balance in the sense of the task arises when the compression in the gas turbine plant Compressor and / or the expansion in the turbine with several heat transfer steps (waste heat release or /.
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-aufnahme) erfolgt.recording) takes place.
Weitere Wärmemengen können an das LNG übertragen v/erden, wenn Wärmeaustauscher von der Verbrennungsluft durchströmt werden oder wenn ein Schmieröl- und/oder Kühlwasser-Kühler von dem LNG durchströmt werden. Diese Wärmemengen können auch an den geschlossenen Gasturbinenkreislauf übertragen werden.Further amounts of heat can be transferred to the LNG, if Heat exchangers are flowed through by the combustion air or if a lubricating oil and / or cooling water cooler of the LNG are flowed through. These amounts of heat can also be transferred to the closed gas turbine circuit.
Zwar ist die Einrichtung zur Verdampfung von LNG bekannt, die unter Ausnutzung der Abwärme eines Dieselmotors mit einer sogenannten Kälteturbine arbeitet. Das LNG wird durch einen Wärmeaustauscher gepumpt, in dem es vollständig verdampft wird. Dem Wärmeaustauscher wird im Gegenstrom ein kohlenwasserstoff haltiges Gas zugeführt, welches im Wärmeaustauscher kondensiert. Das Kondensat wird durch mehrere weitere Wärmeaustauscher hindurchgepumpt, die mit anderen Wärmeaustauschern in Verbindung stehen, die die Abwärme der Verbrennungskraftmaschine an verschiedenen Stellen entnehmen. Bei dem Dieselmotor ist jeweils ein Wärmeaustauscher in den Abgasstrom und/oder in den Verbrennungsluftstrom eingeschaltetAlthough the device for the evaporation of LNG is known, which utilizes the waste heat of a diesel engine with a so-called Cold turbine works. The LNG is pumped through a heat exchanger, in which it evaporates completely will. A hydrocarbon-containing gas is fed to the heat exchanger in countercurrent, which gas in the heat exchanger condensed. The condensate is pumped through several other heat exchangers, which are connected to other heat exchangers are in connection that take the waste heat from the internal combustion engine at various points. In the diesel engine, a heat exchanger is switched into the exhaust gas flow and / or the combustion air flow
Die Verwendung eines Dieselmotors in der bereits bekannten WEise ergibt jedoch keinen Hinweis darauf, v/elche Technik bei einem geschlossenen Gasturbinen-Kreislauf einzuschlagen ist. Darüber hinaus kann die Beherrschung der Technik einer Kälteturbine zu Schwierigkeiten führen. Die TurbineHowever, the use of a diesel engine in the manner already known does not suggest any technique is to be taken in a closed gas turbine circuit. In addition, mastery of technology can a refrigeration turbine lead to difficulties. The turbine
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wirft zahlreiche Isolations- und Verstopfungsprobleme, insbesondere durch Kondensationsprodukte auf. Dagegen wird bei der vorliegenden Erfindung in fortschrittlicher Weise ein Prinzip gewählt, das einen weitgehend störungsfreien Lauf garantiert.poses numerous insulation and clogging problems, particularly from condensation products. Against it becomes more advanced in the present invention We have chosen a principle that guarantees largely trouble-free operation.
Beispiele für die Realisation der Erfindung sind in den Figuren 1f2 und 3 dargestellt. Es zeigen:Examples for the realization of the invention are shown in Figures 1 and f 2. 3 Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Einrichtung zur LNG-Verdampfung gemäß Erfindung, bei dem ein Wärmeaustauscher die Abgasenergie des Dieselmotors auf einen geschlossenen Gasturbinenkreislauf überträgt;Fig. 1 shows a device for LNG evaporation according to the invention, in which a heat exchanger the exhaust gas energy transmits the diesel engine to a closed gas turbine circuit;
909819/0405909819/0405
Fig. 2 eine Einrichtung gemäß Fig. 1, bei dem zusätzliche Wärmeaustauscher die Energie aus Verbrennungsluft, Schmieröl- und Kühlwasser an das LNG übertragen;FIG. 2 shows a device according to FIG. 1, in which additional heat exchangers transfer the energy from combustion air, lubricating oil and cooling water to the LNG;
Fig. 3 eine Einrichtung gemäß Fig. 2 mit der Energieübertragung an den geschlossenen Gasturbinenkreislauf. 3 shows a device according to FIG. 2 with the energy transfer to the closed gas turbine circuit.
In Fig. 1 ist ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungs- gemäßen Einrichtung dargestellt. Die Einrichtung ist von drei wesentlichen Teilen geprägt: Dem Dieselmotor 1 als Antrieb für einen stromerzeugenden Generator 2, der Gasturbine 13 mit dem Verdichter 15 und dem Generator 16 sowie dem Verdampfer für das LNG (verflüssigtes Erdgas).In Fig. 1 a first embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown. The device is characterized by three essential parts: the diesel engine 1 as a drive for a power-generating generator 2, the gas turbine 13 with the compressor 15 and the generator 16 and the evaporator for the LNG (liquefied natural gas).
Das vom Dieselmotor 1 erzeugte Abgas fließt mit einer Temperatur T- =» 42O°C in einen Wärmeaustauschi mit einer Temperatur T2 = 125°C verläßt. The exhaust gas generated by the diesel engine 1 flows at a temperature T- = 42O ° C in a heat exchange with a temperature T 2 = 125 ° C leaves.
ratur T1 « 42O°C in einen Wärmeaustauscher 9 hinein, den es temperature T 1 «420 ° C. into a heat exchanger 9, which it
Dem Wärmeaustauscher 9 wird über eine Leitung 10 das Arbeitsmedium eines im geschlossenen Prozeß arbeitenden Kreislaufsystems zugeführt. Dieses hat bei Eintritt in den Wärmeaustauscher 9 die Temperatur T_ = 100°C und verläßt ihn mit etwaThe working medium of a circulatory system operating in a closed process is fed to the heat exchanger 9 via a line 10. This has the temperature T_ = 100 ° C when entering the heat exchanger 9 and leaves it at about
T^ β 40O0C. Das über die Leitung 11 abströmende Arbeitsmedium - wie bereits erläutert, handelt es sich um Stickstoff mit einem geringen Sauerstoffanteil - gelangt es in die Tur bine 13, die über eine Welle 14 sowohl mit einem Verdichter als auch mit einem Generator 16 gekoppelt ist. T ^ β 40O 0 C. The working medium flowing out via line 11 - as already explained, it is nitrogen with a low percentage of oxygen - it enters the turbine 13, which via a shaft 14 with both a compressor and a Generator 16 is coupled .
Das entspannte und mit einer Temperatur T. = 160°C aus der The relaxed and with a temperature T. = 160 ° C from the
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Turbine strömende Medium gelangt über eine Leitung 17 in den Rekuperator 18. Nachdem es diesen durchströmt hat, gelangt es mit einer Temperatur T = 3O°C in den LNG-Verdampfer 3. Hier erfolgt eine Abkühlung bis auf eine Temperatur Tfi = -140 C. Mit dieser Temperatur gelangt es in den Verdichter 15, in dem es verdichtet und auf eine Temperatur von T_ = -20 C gebracht wird. Diese Temperatur wird nach dem Durchströmen des Rekuperators 18 auf TQ = 1000C erhöht, über die Leitung 10 gelangt dasMedium flowing in the turbine reaches the recuperator 18 via a line 17. After it has flowed through it, it reaches the LNG evaporator 3 at a temperature T = 30 ° C. Here, it is cooled down to a temperature T fi = -140 ° C. At this temperature it reaches the compressor 15, in which it is compressed and brought to a temperature of T_ = -20.degree. After flowing through the recuperator 18, this temperature is increased to T Q = 100 ° C., via the line 10
Gas dann wieder in den Wärmeaustauscher 9. Der Kreislauf beginnt von neuem.Gas then back into the heat exchanger 9. The cycle begins again.
In der Fig. 2 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel in abgewandelter Form dargestellt. Das vom Dieselmotor 1 erzeugte Abgas fließt zunächst durch einen Wärmeaustauscher 9, und anschließend durch die Turbine 5 eines Abgasturboladers 6, der weiterhin mit einem Verdichter 7 für die zuströmende Verbrennungsluft ausgerüstet ist. Aus dem Verdichter 7 strömt die Verbrennungsluft in den Dieselmotor 1.In Fig. 2 is an embodiment in a modified form shown. The exhaust gas generated by the diesel engine 1 first flows through a heat exchanger 9 and then through the turbine 5 of an exhaust gas turbocharger 6, which is also equipped with a compressor 7 for the incoming combustion air is. The combustion air flows from the compressor 7 into the diesel engine 1.
Soweit sich die weiteren Elemente der Einrichtung, insbesondere des geschlossenen Turbinenkreislaufes, entsprechen, sind gleiche Bezugszahlen gewählt worden. Auf eine ausführliche Beschreibung kann verzichtet werden.As far as the other elements of the device, in particular the closed turbine circuit, correspond, are the same Reference numbers have been chosen. A detailed description can be dispensed with.
In der Fig. 2 ist ferner durch gestrichelte Symbole angedeutet worden, daß weitere Wärmeaustauscher vorgesehen sein können, die mit entsprechenden Wärmeabgabestationen in der LNG-Leitung verbunden sind. Es sind vorgesehen: *In FIG. 2 it has also been indicated by dashed symbols that further heat exchangers are provided that are connected to the corresponding heat dissipation stations in the LNG pipeline. The following are provided: *
909819/0408909819/0408
Bezugszahl 20 (Wärmeaustauscher im Kreislauf der verdichteten Verbrennungsluft) mit entsprechender Wärmeabgabestation 20'; Bezugszahl 21 (ölkühler) mit entsprechender Station 21'; Reference number 20 (heat exchanger in the circuit of the compressed combustion air) with a corresponding heat dissipation station 20 '; Reference number 21 (oil cooler) with corresponding station 21 ';
In der Fig. 3 sind die iCtaneabgabestationen 2O", 21" und 22" im geschlossenen Gasturbinenkreislauf vorgesehen. In FIG. 3, the iCtane dispensing stations 20 ″, 21 ″ and 22 ″ are provided in the closed gas turbine circuit.
Mit Vorteil kann im geschlossenen Prozeß mit der Gasturbine 13 die Entspannung der Turbine in mehreren Zwischenschritten unter jeweiliger Zwischenerwärmung erfolgen, wie dies an sich aus der Technologie des geschlossenen Prozesses bekannt ist. Ähnliches gilt für die Möglichkeit, die Verdichtung im Ver dichter mit mehreren Zwischenkühlungen vorzunehmen. Diese Möglichkeiten sind in den Figuren nicht dargestellt, da sie dem Fachmann an sich geläufig sind. In the closed process with the gas turbine 13, the expansion of the turbine can advantageously take place in several intermediate steps with respective intermediate heating, as is known per se from the technology of the closed process. The same applies to the possibility of compressing the compressor with several intercoolings. These possibilities are not shown in the figures since they are known per se to the person skilled in the art.
909819/0405909819/0405
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19772749903 DE2749903A1 (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1977-11-08 | DEVICE FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUID NATURAL GAS WITH IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCE |
JP11180378A JPS5499214A (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-09-13 | Apparatus for evaporating liquified natural gas |
BE7846633A BE871118A (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-10-09 | INSTALLATION FOR THE EVAPORATION OF NATURAL GAS, LIQUEFIED WITH AN IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCE |
AT0736278A AT365301B (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-10-12 | GAS TURBINE SYSTEM IN A CLOSED CIRCUIT |
NL7810358A NL7810358A (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-10-16 | DEVICE FOR THE VAPORIZATION OF LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS WITH IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCE. |
NO783509A NO783509L (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-10-17 | DEVICE FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUID NATURAL GAS |
GB7842693A GB2007823A (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-10-31 | Systems for vaporizing liquefied natural gas |
FR7830814A FR2408090A1 (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-10-31 | INSTALLATION FOR THE EVAPORATION OF LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS WITH AN IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCE |
SE7811425A SE7811425L (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-11-06 | DEVICE FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUID NATURAL GAS WITH IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCE |
BR7807313A BR7807313A (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-11-07 | EQUIPMENT FOR VAPORIZATION OF LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS |
ES474902A ES474902A1 (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-11-07 | Systems for vaporizing liquefied natural gas |
IT29541/78A IT1100454B (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-11-08 | PLANT FOR THE VAPORIZATION OF LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS WITH IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCE |
DK496078A DK496078A (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1978-11-08 | LIQUID NATURAL GAS EVAPORATION SYSTEM |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19772749903 DE2749903A1 (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1977-11-08 | DEVICE FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUID NATURAL GAS WITH IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCE |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2749903A1 true DE2749903A1 (en) | 1979-05-10 |
Family
ID=6023275
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19772749903 Withdrawn DE2749903A1 (en) | 1977-11-08 | 1977-11-08 | DEVICE FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUID NATURAL GAS WITH IMPROVED ENERGY BALANCE |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5499214A (en) |
AT (1) | AT365301B (en) |
BE (1) | BE871118A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7807313A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2749903A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK496078A (en) |
ES (1) | ES474902A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2408090A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2007823A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1100454B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7810358A (en) |
NO (1) | NO783509L (en) |
SE (1) | SE7811425L (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3111620A1 (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1982-02-04 | Halliburton Co., 73533 Duncan, Okla. | Transportable nitrogen evaporator and methods of evaporating nitrogen |
WO2012050580A1 (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-04-19 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Hybrid pumper |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH682761A5 (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1993-11-15 | Asea Brown Boveri | A process for reducing the pressure of a gas from a primary network. |
EP1667898A4 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2010-01-20 | Excelerate Energy Ltd Partners | Shipboard regasification for lng carriers with alternate propulsion plants |
RU2570952C1 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2015-12-20 | Александр Николаевич Лазарев | Method of evaporation and use of liquefied natural gas for systems of autonomous power supply in arctic zone |
-
1977
- 1977-11-08 DE DE19772749903 patent/DE2749903A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1978
- 1978-09-13 JP JP11180378A patent/JPS5499214A/en active Pending
- 1978-10-09 BE BE7846633A patent/BE871118A/en unknown
- 1978-10-12 AT AT0736278A patent/AT365301B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-10-16 NL NL7810358A patent/NL7810358A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-10-17 NO NO783509A patent/NO783509L/en unknown
- 1978-10-31 FR FR7830814A patent/FR2408090A1/en active Granted
- 1978-10-31 GB GB7842693A patent/GB2007823A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-11-06 SE SE7811425A patent/SE7811425L/en unknown
- 1978-11-07 ES ES474902A patent/ES474902A1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-07 BR BR7807313A patent/BR7807313A/en unknown
- 1978-11-08 IT IT29541/78A patent/IT1100454B/en active
- 1978-11-08 DK DK496078A patent/DK496078A/en unknown
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3111620A1 (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1982-02-04 | Halliburton Co., 73533 Duncan, Okla. | Transportable nitrogen evaporator and methods of evaporating nitrogen |
WO2012050580A1 (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-04-19 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Hybrid pumper |
US8943842B2 (en) | 2010-10-14 | 2015-02-03 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Hybrid pumper |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES474902A1 (en) | 1979-04-01 |
BE871118A (en) | 1979-02-01 |
JPS5499214A (en) | 1979-08-04 |
GB2007823A (en) | 1979-05-23 |
FR2408090A1 (en) | 1979-06-01 |
NL7810358A (en) | 1979-05-10 |
IT7829541A0 (en) | 1978-11-08 |
IT1100454B (en) | 1985-09-28 |
ATA736278A (en) | 1981-05-15 |
DK496078A (en) | 1979-05-09 |
FR2408090B3 (en) | 1980-08-08 |
BR7807313A (en) | 1979-06-12 |
NO783509L (en) | 1979-05-09 |
AT365301B (en) | 1982-01-11 |
SE7811425L (en) | 1979-05-09 |
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