DE274799C

DE274799C -

Info

Publication number: DE274799C
Application number: DENDAT274799D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

-JVi 274799 -■ KLASSE 46«. GRUPPE-JVi 274799 - ■ CLASS 46 «. GROUP

OSKAR SCHULZE in HAMBURG.OSKAR SCHULZE in HAMBURG.

Die Erfindung betrifft eine doppeltwirkende Zweitaktverbrennungskraftmaschine mit zwei Kanälen, je einer für Ein- und Auslaß, welche durch gebräuchliche, einzeln oder festverbunden angetriebene Steuerorgane, wie Kolbenschieber, Drehschieber, flache oder gebogene Schieber, Ventile usw., so gesteuert werden, daß beide Kanäle während jeder Umdrehung abwechselnd für die eine und die andere SeiteThe invention relates to a double-acting two-stroke internal combustion engine with two Channels, one each for inlet and outlet, which are connected by common, individually or permanently driven control elements such as piston valves, rotary valves, flat or curved Gate valves, etc., are controlled so that both channels during each revolution alternately for one and the other side

ίο des Zylinders zur Anwendung kommen und abwechselnd als Ein- und Auslaß dienen.ίο of the cylinder are used and serve alternately as inlet and outlet.

Es zeigt Fig. ι ein Ausführungsbeispiel der doppeltwirkenden Maschine, Fig. 2 die Steuerscheibe im Schnitt und Fig. 3 den Schnitt der Maschine nach der Linie A-B der Fig. 1.FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the double-acting machine, FIG. 2 shows the control disk in section, and FIG. 3 shows the section of the machine along the line AB in FIG. 1.

Die Bauart kann bei Anwendung gebräuchlicher Kolbenschieber folgende sein: Der doppeltwirkende Zylinder ζ (Fig. 1) ist mit dem angegossenen oder angesetzten Schiebergehäuse s durch zwei nach den Deckeln d, d¹ zu ansteigende und von diesem etwas über Kolbenlänge entfernte Kanäle k, k¹ verbunden, die Rippen u bilden Kanäle für das Kühlwasser. Die Kanäle k, k¹ werden von zwei Kolbenschiebern p, p¹, welche auf der Schieberstange 0 in s sitzen, gesteuert. Der in diesem Falle gemeinsame Antrieb erfolgt von einer Steuerscheibe st direkt oder mittels Hebel h. Die meist ungleichen Hebel h' werden am besten so gewählt, daß das Schiebergewicht auf die innere Kurve der Steuerscheibe st wirkt. Die Steuerscheibe st (Fig. 1 und 2) besteht, um ein Festsetzen der Schieber auch ohne Federwirkung zu erreichen, aus der inneren Kurve c und der äußeren Kurve c¹. Dieselben sind durch die Rückwand r verbunden, und zweiteilig. Die Locher I sind in Richtung der Wand / gelegt, um durch starken Anzug der Schrauben die Steuerscheibe si auf ihre Welle festklemmen zu können, ohne die Kurven zu verziehen. Obwohl der Antrieb der Steuerorgane, hier Schieber p, p¹, durch Kurbel, Exzenter, vom Kreuzkopf aus usw. einzeln oder gemeinsam stattfinden kann, ist der gebräuchliche Nockenantrieb im vorliegenden Falle nicht empfehlenswert. Arbeitet der Antrieb symmetrisch, wie die Zeichnung zeigt, so ist die Steuerung ohne weiteres für Vor- und Rückwärts geeignet. Es ist nun immer vorteilhaft, besonders bei wechselnder Belastung, wenn zwischen Steuerorgan und Eintrittskanal der Spülluft in das Schiebergehäuse (Gehäuse des Steuerorgans) Rückschlagventile oder Klappen f, Z"¹ angebracht werden, um ein Überströmen des Auspuffs zu vermeiden. Das Schiebergehäuse s, richtiger die Kanäle k, £', und deren Steuerorgane können auch zwei- oder mehrfach an einem Zylinder angewendet werden, z. B. Fig. 1 A², k^s und Fig. 3 s-s oder s^s¹. Ebenso kann Eintritt durch Kanal α und Austritt durch Kanäle w, w^l stattfinden. Aus der Doppeltwirkung mit Schiebern ergibt sich leicht die Anordnung mit anderen Steuerorganen sowie die Einfachwirkung ohne weiteres.The design can be as follows when using common piston valves: The double-acting cylinder ζ (Fig. 1) with the cast or attached valve housing s is formed by two channels k, k ¹ that rise towards the covers d, d ¹ and are slightly removed from this over the length of the piston connected, the ribs u form channels for the cooling water. The channels k, k ¹ are controlled by two piston slides p, p ¹ , which sit on the slide rod 0 in s. The common drive in this case is provided by a control disk st directly or by means of a lever h. The mostly unequal levers h ' are best chosen so that the slide weight acts on the inner curve of the control disk st. The control disk st (FIGS. 1 and 2) consists of the inner curve c and the outer curve c ^{1 in} order to fix the slide even without spring action. They are connected by the rear wall r , and are in two parts. The holes I are placed in the direction of the wall / in order to be able to clamp the control disk si onto its shaft by tightening the screws firmly without distorting the curves. Although the drive of the control elements, here slider p, p ¹ , can take place individually or jointly by a crank, eccentric, from the cross head, etc., the customary cam drive is not recommended in the present case. If the drive works symmetrically, as the drawing shows, the control is easily suitable for forward and reverse. It is always advantageous, especially with changing loads, if check valves or flaps f , Z " ^{1 are} fitted between the control element and the inlet duct of the scavenging air in the slide valve housing (housing of the control element) in order to avoid overflowing the exhaust. The slide valve housing s, more correct The channels k, £ ', and their control elements can also be used two or more times on a cylinder, e.g. Fig. 1 A ² , k ^s and Fig. 3 ss or s ^ s ¹ α w and exit through channels, w be held ^l. from the double-action with sliders results easily the arrangement with other control elements as well as the single action readily.

Die Wirkungsweise der Maschine ist folgende: Gemäß der Fig. 1 stehen Kolben m und Schieber p, p¹ in höchster Stellung, bei welcher Spülen und Laden stattfinden. Die Spülluft strömt durch Stutzen w¹ und Kanal k¹ gegen den Deckel d¹ und treibt die Abgase im Sinne der gezeichneten Pfeile fast ge-The mode of operation of the machine is as follows: According to FIG. 1, piston m and slide p, p ^{1 are} in the highest position, in which flushing and loading take place. The purge air flows through connection w ¹ and channel k ¹ against the cover d ¹ and drives the exhaust gases in the sense of the drawn arrows almost down

Claims

closed in front of them through channel k and nozzle α into the open air. Once k is covered in the demise of the piston · m channel close the slide p, p ¹ in the demise k channels, k from ^{the first} The mixture is then compressed in the lower cylinder chamber, the final pressure or size of the combustion chamber depending on the type of fuel (oil or gas). Then takes place in

ίο the lower cylinder chamber ignition by injecting fuel into the highly compressed charge or electrically in the case of gas-air mixtures in a known manner shortly before the bottom dead center position of the piston m . When the piston m and the slide p, p ^{1 are in the} lower position, the novelty of the control comes into play, because the inlet and outlet channels k, k ¹ come to lie above the piston m. In the dotted position of the piston m and the slide p, p ¹ , the low curve now comes into effect. It therefore enters through channels w, k and exits through channels k ¹ , α (see dotted arrows and positions). The outlet therefore takes place through the channel closest to the piston m , the scavenging air drives the exhaust gases out between the channel and cover or mixes them. This would be the case if the control disk st were arranged offset by half a turn on the shaft, so the scavenging air would enter through the channel closest to the piston m. The design of the control disk depends on the control organs used and how the work processes are to take place. According to the invention, however, the channels and their control elements should always be used during each revolution once on one side of the cylinder, in front of or behind the piston and once on the other side of the same cylinder, and then the channels and control elements can also be used simultaneously and mutually for their purpose Swap inlet or outlet. .

For gas machines with separate gas and air supply on the housing of the control element can in a known manner, the 'gas inlet from the appropriately extended control member or can be controlled by its drive with the control element actuated in order to avoid gas loss to avoid.

In one of the channels, some compressed air alternately remains, which, if channel k acts as an inlet, is used beneficially or, if channel k serves as an outlet, escapes without a problem. In the case of oil engines (separate compression), the low loss of air is not an issue, but in the case of mixture engines, if the piston m covers duct k , it can flow into the gas line through a valve moved by the control linkage, and a small auxiliary engine may be driven.

The cylinders ζ are secured against tearing by reinforcements near the channels.

Godfather ν τ-An saying:

Double-acting two-stroke internal combustion engine with controlling piston valves, characterized in that of the two channels arranged at both cylinder ends, which are from the piston are overflowed one after the other, the one alternating as an inlet for the lower and as an outlet for the upper cylinder side and the other alternately as an outlet for the lower and serves as an inlet for the upper cylinder side.

1 sheet of drawings.