DE2747398A1 - Vehicle seat back rest retainer - has back rest top connected by webbing to take-up spool with blocking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The back rest (8) is fitted with two tubes (10) serving as guide channels for webbing (13) connected at one end to steel cable (16) anchored on the car floor (5). The other end emerges from the top end (14) of tubes (10) and connects with a take up mechanism fitted underneath the car roof. A further seat-belt take-up mechanism (12) is fitted to the side of seat frame (7) with both ends the seat-belt terminating in the take-up mechanism. A length (20) of the webbing is fixed rigidly to the seat belt mechanism, whereas the other length passes through an eyelet of locking plate (22) and continues as length (23) to be connected to the take-up mechanism (12).

Description

Restraint device for vehicle seats

The invention relates to a restraint device for vehicle seats, which can be moved in the direction of travel in the vehicle itself and their backrests at least partly in the direction of travel of the vehicle between an upright position of use and a folded position can be pivoted. In passenger cars, the front seats and rear seats have only one door on each side of the vehicle the door is usually level with the front row of seats. So that the rear seats are lighter can be taken, then the backrests of the front seats can be fold forward. Such backrests must be reliably locked against folding forward which could otherwise occur if the vehicle decelerates heavily.

If this were not the case, e.g. in the event of a collision, the additional exerted by the backrest on the passenger sitting on the seat Inertia force considerably more stress on the seat belt when you are wearing it. Through this the passenger could be seriously injured, not to mention Accidents in which the passenger is not wearing a seat belt.

However, it is difficult to have a completely reliable lock to create the backrest within the relatively limited dimensions of a seat, without the locking device thereby becoming difficult to operate. It was therefore already proposed to control the locking device electrically and to release the lock when opening the door next to it, which, however On the other hand, however, it is too considerable Has led to costs.

Again, none of the solutions listed offers such a high level of security against swiveling forward so that it could already be regarded as safe, the seat belt to be attached directly to the seat. It is therefore essential to wear the seat belt to be attached to the vehicle chassis itself. Loops of the belt then run from suitable attachment points on the vehicle chassis to the front seats that support the Hindering access to the rear seats considerably, but also a considerable amount There is a risk of accidents, as you step with your foot or the neck can get caught in such loops. Of course, the optical one is also Disturbing impression.

It is the object of the invention to provide a restraint for a To create a vehicle seat that is very reliable and does not require any special manipulations makes necessary if the seat is to be occupied or determined, on the other hand but also no automatically functioning electrical installations are required will.

The restraint device for the vehicle seat should preferably be so be reliable that the seat belt can be attached to the seat at the same time, thus the disadvantages of attaching the seat belt to the vehicle chassis occur, are no longer present. It is also advantageous if by far Units that have already been tried and tested many times over can be used.

The object is achieved with a device that is an unwanted one Moving and unintentional folding down of the seat or backrest is prevented and which has a belt or the like extending between the seat and a Retraction unit extends to a fixed attachment point on the vehicle is attached and contains a take-up drum, the belt or the like winds up with the help of a clock spring, furthermore a locking device through which the winding drum or spool is locked in the unwinding direction, and sensing elements, which record the forces that occur when the vehicle decelerates heavily and act on the Locking device act when these forces reach a certain value to have.

In the drawing, three embodiments of the invention are shown, the one in a passenger car, in which the seats can be moved - and the backrests foldable are used.

In detail: FIG. 1: a side view of the vehicle exterior facing side of a motor vehicle seat in which the invention is used; 2: the same seat from the other side; Fig. 3: a diagrammatic one Representation of the restraint device of the seat shown in FIGS. 1 and 2; Fig. 4: a perspective view of the seat according to FIG. 1; Fig. 5: Details the device according to the invention, partly and 6 On an enlarged scale; Fig. 7: View and cross section along line VII-VII in FIGS. 8 and 9 of parts of a device according to the second and the third embodiment; Fig. 8: a view of a Part of the device shown in Fig. 7 from the rear (in Fig. 7 from the left).

1 and 2 show the driver's seat 1 of a two-door passenger car with four seats. The passenger seat in the front row is in FIG. 2 at the reference number 2 indicated. Steering wheel 3 is in front of the driver's seat the motor vehicle, the roof 4 and the floor 5 indicated in Fig. 4 and some others Parts.

The driver's seat 1 consists of the eiaialen seat cushion 6, which is on a seat frame 7 rests, which is slidable on the vehicle floor 5 in the direction of travel is attached so that the driver can adjust the correct seating position. The seat frame 7 can be locked. As will be shown later, this locking mechanism does not need any larger forces such as deceleration forces in a collision to absorb what the The case is with vehicle seats of a conventional type. The vehicle seat 1 also has a The backrest 8 is folded about a pivot axis 9 relative to the seat cushion 6 A tube 10 is attached to the backrest 8 and extends under the roof of the vehicle 4 ends.

The device has two retraction devices, of which the a retraction device 11 on the vehicle roof 4 and the belt retraction device 12 are attached to the seat frame 7. These retraction devices are in their structure and function known and contain a roller with which a webbing is wound by means of a spring which is tensioned when the belt is pulled from the roll. The role is equipped with a locking device that prevents the belt from unwinding, if deceleration forces of a certain magnitude occur or if the belt is fitted with a specific acceleration is deducted. These retractors were designed for seat belts developed, in which function the device 12 is also used. they are well known.

A belt strap 13 runs from the restraint device 11 over a Deflection element 14 in the pipe 10, in which there is a connection point 15 (see Fig. 5), at which the end of the belt 13 is connected to a steel cable 16. The steel cable runs through the lower end of the tube 10 and through an eyelet 17, the is attached to the vehicle floor 5 and is still by a fastening device 18 out, which is located on the seat, and finally with its end on one Fastening device 19 fixed on the vehicle floor 5. The different elements 17 and 18, on which the steel cable 16 is deflected, as well as the deflection element 14 are designed so that the belt 13 or the steel cable can easily run over it.

An extendable strap portion 20 extends from the belt retraction device 12 and runs through a deflection element 21, which is on the tube 10 is attached, after which the strap through the tongue part 22 of the buckle is passed and there merges into its second section 23, which is at the end firmly connected to the frame of the belt retraction device 12 or the seat frame 7 is. The lock tongue 22 can in the usual way in the lock 24 on the opposite Seat side are inserted, the lock on the floor 5 of the vehicle by means of a fastening element 19 is attached. Seat belt buckles are common known.

A deflection element of a special kind that is already used in conjunction with Seat belts has been proposed is shown in FIG. It rips one Plate 25 with an opening 26 in which the punched teeth 27 protrude. A Sliding element 28 for the belt with an opening 29 is arranged in the opening 26. The sliding element 28 can withstand a strong resistance to the teeth 27 can be shifted between a position in which the opening 29 is completely uncovered is, and a position which is shown in Fig. 6 and in which the teeth 27 protrude into the opening 29.

The purpose of the deflection element is that when the belt has a strong Tensile force is exposed and the belt roll is blocked, the sliding element 28 by the train in the belt from the first-mentioned position, in which the belt is free the opening 29 can slide into the position shown in FIG. 6, in which the band is detected perforated by the teeth 27, so that it is in the deflection device is blocked. As an additional safety measure, the deflecting element 21 in be designed in the same way as the deflection element 14. Even more security can be achieved when the webbing 13 through a diverter of the type shown in Fig. 6 is passed at the point where the retaining device is attached to the vehicle roof.

In Figure 3, the force-bearing system of the device is diagrammatic shown. From this figure it is clear that the belt strap 13, which is in the steel cable 16 passes from the restraint device 11 through the pipe 10 via the deflecting element 14 expires and in loops between the seat 1 and the attachment points 17 and 19 runs on the floor, the end then at the last-mentioned attachment point is firmly attached. The belt retractor 12 is attached to the seat 1, and their band sections 20 and 23 extend over the deflection element 21 and the Lock tongue 22 between the winding roll 12 and the fastening means for the end of the tape section 23 close to the winding roll. The tongue itself can help with that of the lock part 24 and fixed via the fastening member 19.

In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 7 to 9, the device is identical in their main features in the embodiment described above. Of the Belt 13, however, which runs inside the tube 10, is not made with a steel cable as connected to the steel cable 16 in FIG. The belt 13 sits up instead to a winding roll 31 which is part of a winding arrangement, such as it is shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9.

The winding roller 31 on which the belt 13 runs after it has passed the tube 10 is passed through is shown in side view in FIG. 8 and in FIGS. 7 and 9 shown in end view. she is with a core part 35 and flanges 36, between which the webbing 13 is wound. the Roller 31 sits firmly on a shaft 37 which is rotatably supported in bearings 38, which are attached to the seat frame 7. In addition to the roller 31, the shaft 37 carries two further winding rollers 39 and 40, and steel cables wound on these further rollers 41 and 42 are attached to the vehicle floor 5. These fasteners take about the same place on the vehicle floor as the fastening means 17 and 19 in FIG. 4. In the embodiment described here, serve exactly as in the previous one Embodiment the fastening means 19 for holding these fastening means one end of a steel cable 41 and 42. It therefore does not have to be the steel cable pass through one of the fasteners. The winding roll assembly takes essentially the same space as the fastening device 18 in FIG. 4, the webbing winding roll 31 being located immediately below the tube 10. The ends of the webbing 13 and the steel cables 41 and 42 are directly to the Rollers 31 and 39, 40 attached. The two steel cables 41 and 42 can be parts of a be the single steel cable that is inserted through holes in the winding rollers 39 and 40 with the connector extending along shaft 37. The diameter the roller 39 and 40 is related to the diameter of the winding roller 31 in a certain Ratio, which will be described below.

In the embodiment according to Fiq. 7 and 8, the belt webbing 13 does not run directly from the roller 31 into the tube 10 but runs through a slot 39 in a lever arm 44 which is pivotably attached to the seat frame on an axis 45 is. The lever tries to move away from the shaft 37 against a stop 46 sway, what a compression spring 47 provides. The lever arm 44 runs laterally from the winding roll 31 underneath a toothed wheel 48 which is mounted on the shaft 37. The teeth of the toothed wheel 48 work with the edges of a breakthrough opening 49 in the lever arm 44 together. So that the belt reel 31 can run freely, is also in the lever arm an opening 50 is provided.

In the illustration of FIG. 9, the lever arm 44 and the toothed Wheel 48 omitted. The belt webbing 13 runs here directly from the core 35 of the belt roll 31 into the tube 10 of the retaining unit 11.

According to Fig. 4, the per se known seat belt is used so that his belt section 20 from the winding roller 12 of the retraction device through the Deflection element 21 drawn and around the upper body of a person sitting on the seat 1 to be led. The belt is held in the restraint position when the tongue 22 is in the lock 24 is inserted. Under normal conditions, the driver can use the body move as the webbing is then pulled off the take-up reel and through the mentioned Spring is also rewound. In the case of abnormal acceleration forces the winding reel is then locked so that the seat belt exert the restraint effect can. It is particularly clear from FIG. 4 that all belt sections are in the area of the seat and there are no freely hanging sections of the belt disturb when getting in and out. However, in order to have complete security with this To achieve this kind of attachment, it is necessary that the seat against sliding and the backrest can also be locked against folding down under strong braking forces. One such locking is achieved with the help of the retaining device 11 achieved, the locking device in the same way by delay forces to Use is brought so that the webbing 13 is no longer pulled off the winding roll can be. By the tensile force of the locked band at the end of the tube 10 is made any forward leaning of the backrest impossible. At the same time, the seat 1 no longer move forward, as this is an extension of the steel cable 60 would make it necessary that runs between the fastening elements 17, 19 and 18.

However, such an extension is not possible because the belt strap 13 is blocked.

If, however, under normal conditions, the winding unit 11 does not blocked by deceleration forces, the seat can be pushed forwards and backwards will. The required extension when advancing is done by unwinding of the belt from the spool in the winder 11. Under normal conditions the backrest 2 can also be folded forward without difficulty, since the belt 13 is also pulled out of the winder 11 for this purpose. the The spring tension of the winder acts with a backward pull on the Backrest 2 so that it is held in an upright position. With that, however, the The backrest can also remain inclined forwards, it is possible to use a winding lock to be provided.

It is of course desirable that the shifting of the Seat, for example, to adjust different sitting positions slightly in front can go. However, a seat shift means in the first embodiment a redistribution of the lengths of the steel cable loops. This redistribution must be under if possible there is little resistance so that the seat can be moved easily. Next to the function that the steel cable holds the seat in the vehicle against displacement forms it also part of the seat back restraint to allow this does not fold forward, and when the redistribution of the steel cable in the device This may mean that the part of the rope that offers only little resistance is used to lock against displacement, is partially transferred to the section, which exercises the retention function against folding the backrest forwards. Through this arrangement the seat can be moved in the vehicle in connection with a strong deceleration under such redistribution of the sections of the steel cable, so that the displacement can be compensated for by changing the tilt position. The wish that A simple adjustment is thus achieved to a certain extent counteracted that the greatest possible security against shifting and folding forward the seat is aimed at when greater forces occur.

Through the construction of the second and third embodiments can be connected to a simple and smooth movement of the seat in the vehicle are completely secure against accidental movement under the Influence of larger deceleration forces.

Care is taken in the device that the shaft 37 is easy running link for the purpose is that the lengths of the ropes and the webbing must be redistributed when the seat 1 is adjusted. So if the seat of is moved from a front position to a position further back, wherein accepted is that the seat in the various positions by friction or by a simple locking or blocking device is held, then seeks the winding device 11 with the help of the built-in spring then to wind up the part of the webbing 13, which is no longer needed due to the shift. But at the same time also an unnecessary length of the steel cables 41, 42 when moving backwards, so that the shaft 37 can rotate through a certain angle which is determined by the torque is released, which the tensioned webbing 13 on the winding roll 31 exercises. During the backward displacement, all traction elements are therefore constant stretched, because the steel cables 41, 42 are wound on their winding rollers 39, 40, which means that the webbing 13 is pulled from the winding roll 31 and a superfluous length of the belt webbing 13 then together with that caused by the backward displacement free length in the winding device 11 is wound up.

When the seat 1 is moved forward from a rear position the steel cables 41, 42 must be pulled off their winding rollers 39, 40, the shaft 37 rotating together with the belt reel 31. The webbing 13 is while wound on the winding roller 31 to the extent that the distance between the tube 10 and the retainer 11 increases. The required length of the Belt webbing 13 is obtained by pulling it off from the winder 11.

When the backrest 8 is folded forward without simultaneous displacement of the seat, the shaft 37 is not actuated because the extension required for this of the belt webbing 13 by the rising Distance between the take-up unit 11 and the upper end of the tube 10 is pulled out of the winding unit 11.

When the vehicle decelerates sharply, the forces of inertia take effect then move the seat forward, with the seat frame 7 on the vehicle floor 5 slides forward and the backrest 8 folds forward. This is done by the Prevents winding device 11, since this is then blocked in a known manner and the webbing 13 does not let go. However, if the force that the backrest 8 seeks to fold forward, has such a size that the webbing 13 of the winding roll 31 is withdrawn while rotating the shaft 37, then a certain section of the belt strap 13 would be freely available, so that the backrest something could fold forward.

For this purpose, however, as already mentioned, the shaft 37 must rotate, which at the same time a winding of the steel cables 41,42 on the rollers 39,40 means and thus a backward displacement of the seat 1.

Such a backward displacement must of course counteract the deceleration forces going on, but in conjunction with a smooth mechanism and a Unfortunate distribution of the masses in the seat, the condition could arise that the seat moves backwards while the backrest 8 folds forward, without the belt webbing 13 being unwound from the retrieval device 11 at the same time. Such a safety risk can be avoided by suitable adjustment of the diameter of the Core 35 in relation to the diameter of the rollers 39 and 40 are avoided so that due to the actual distribution of the inertial forces acting on the shaft 37 act, in conjunction with the great inertial forces and the locking of the Return device 11 there is complete equilibrium, so that the seat remains in its position and the backrest 8 is held upright.

The distribution of the masses can, however, be done by the person sitting on the seat Person are affected. In the embodiment according to FIGS.

7 and 8, a special locking of the shaft 37 is therefore also provided. In the normal operating position of the device, the spring 47 acts on every movement of the Lever arm 44 against, so that the device works exactly as it does above was described, i.e. the belt webbing 13, which in this case by a breakthrough 43 runs in the lever arm 44 on the roller 31, released from the core of this role or on it can be wound up. If, on the other hand, the belt 13 when strong deceleration forces occur is blocked, then the train acts on the tape 13 in the direction of the take-up roll 31 so that the lever arm 44 is pulled upwards so that the teeth 48 are at the edges of breakthrough 49 attack. With this arrangement, any redistribution is the Lengths of the tension elements prevented by the blocking of the shaft 37. The seat 1 therefore remains exactly in the set position, and the backrest 8 is in held in the upright position.

If the deflecting element 21 has the configuration shown in FIG. 6, then the sliding element 28 is moved into the position shown in FIG. 6 when a strong tension in the belt strap occurs when the retraction device is blocked, so that the Teeth then engage the belt strap and hold it in place. In the same way can the belt strap can also be locked at the deflection point 14, whereby the acceleration forces, which attack the lower part of the seat, partly on the winder 11 are transmitted. The winder 11 can finally still with a additional deflection device of the type described, which on Roof 4 of the vehicle is attached.

It is advantageous to design the front passenger seat in the same way.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the invention the An advantageous possibility is that the seat belt is attached directly to the seat and it still fully meets the security requirements. this gives, in addition to the advantages already listed, the further advantage of a substantial simplification of assembly. With the help of the winder one is automatic working safety retaining device for the seat created in every situation secures the seat against sliding and the backrest against folding forward, if there is a need for this. No special handling is required for this, and on the other hand, the backrest can simply counteract the force of the belt winding spring be folded forward. The lock only occurs when due to strong Delay forces the plot necessity to do so.

With the help of the second and third embodiment of the invention is a very easy and well-functioning adjustment of the sitting position possible and at the same time with a high level of security against changes in the Position due to seat displacement or leaning forward of the backrest when large deceleration forces appear. This security can be achieved by suitable dimensioning of the various Achieve winding diameter, but on the other hand also by using self-engaging Locking means. It is within the scope of the invention, instead of the locking devices described also to use those that work with friction, or locking devices of another known type. A total of foldable seats can also be used instead of the ones described lock securely with the device according to the invention.

The sliding element 28 is under such strong frictional forces that it is only shifted when the forces are too strong, as occur in a collision. The deflection device according to FIG. 6 is also independent of the invention described usable.

L e r s e i t e

Claims (11)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Restraint device for motor vehicle seats that are displaceable in the vehicle in the direction of travel and at least partially in the direction of travel folded between an upright use position and a folded position can be and which are provided with a locking device to unwanted Prevent shifting, and a locking device to prevent unwanted folding to avoid the seat from the position of use, characterized in that for Prevention of unwanted shifting and unwanted flipping of the Seat (1) an elongated element (13), preferably a belt strap between the seat (1) and a restraint device (11) extends on the vehicle in a Fixed position is attached and includes a take-up roll that the elongated Element (13) winds up with spring tension, and that a locking device for locking the winding roll is provided in the unwinding direction and activating means that by forces occurring when decelerating the vehicle are actuated, whereby the locking device is activated when the forces reach a certain value. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated Element (13) with the seat (1) on a section (10) of the foldable part (8) of the seat is connected, which is a distance from the pivot axis (9) during the folding movement and that the element is connected to at least one further element (16; 41,42) is, which is essentially in the direction of displacement of the seat between the Seat (1) and a stationary component (5,17,19) of the vehicle extends. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the elongated element (13,16) from an upper portion on the seat (1) to a lower one Part of the seat extends and from this part essentially in the direction of displacement of the seat in the rearward direction, based on the direction of travel, runs to Fastening means (19) in the vehicle, and that the elongate element is preferably in several loops between a part (10, 18) of the seat and the fastening means (17,19) runs in the vehicle. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the winding device (11) is arranged above the seat (1) and via the elongated element (13) connected to an elongated part (10) of the seat is. 5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that that the elongate element from the winder (11) to a take-up reel (31), which is connected to the seat (1), and that the additional element (41,42) from another take-up reel (39,40), which is fixed to the seat (1) is connected to the fastening means (17,19) in the vehicle, wherein the Spool for winding and pulling off the elements rotatable, but against each other are non-rotatable so that when pulling off the first element (13> the additional element (41,42) is wound up and vice versa. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the winding rollers (31,39,40) are mounted on a common shaft (37) and the first element (13) is wound in the opposite direction on its winding roll (31) as the additional element (41,42) on its (39,40). 7. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the winding rollers (31,39,40) matched to one another in terms of their diameter are that with acceleration forces on the different parts of the seat (1) the opposing torques transmitted through the elongated Elements (13,41,42) on the take-up rollers (31,39,40), balance each other. 8. Device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that that a locking member (49) for locking the rotation of the winding rollers (31,39,40) is provided is when the acceleration forces exceed a certain level. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the locking member (44) the winding rollers (31,39,40) locks when the elongated element (13) because of Soerrens the winding device (11) is under tensile force. 10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the elongated Element (13) runs from its winding roller (31) through a guide slot (43), which is connected to the locking member (49) in such a way that when there is tensile force in the elongated Element (53) of the guide slot is displaced and the locking member (49r is engaged brings with a flap blocking device (48), which with the take-up roll (31) connected is. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the Guide slot (43) and the locking member (49) in a common lever arm (44) are arranged, which is pivoted in such a way upon tensile force in the elongated element is that the locking member (49) engages in a ratchet locking device (48).