DE2721050B2 - Compensator arrangement to compensate for changes in length in a pipeline - Google Patents

Description

realized.

In the simplest case, the cable strands can have a swivel joint at the deflection points, for example in such a way that the line loom running towards the swivel joint is opposite to the running line loom offset perpendicular to the swivel plane and the two strands with each other by a swivel connection are connected. The cable harness changes the flow level at each swivel joint.

For higher loads, especially looking w borrowed the operating pressures, it is useful if the line strands at the deflection points a bellows exhibit. An offset of the incoming compared to the outgoing cable harness is unnecessary here, so that each line sirang runs within a level and ι "> the deflection losses are lower. The use of angular expansion joints is particularly favorable here. Because with them, the tensile forces resulting from the internal pressure are absorbed directly by the joint. This makes it suitable for particularly high internal pressure loads. In addition, the invention c Division into two or more strands when using bellows expansion joints the advantage that the "reduction to compensator diameters of the same cross-section their angular mobility is increased proportionally.

To produce the pivotal connection at the crossing points of mutually spicgc pictorial strands of wire it is recommended that the two strands perpendicular to the pivoting plane by at least a «> diameter to enable a Leilungsstranges against each other, d. That is, to move the strand as a whole, so that there is no increase in the deflection points. All that is required for pivoting is a bolt arranged in the pivot plane, which is guided on both cable strands.

To prevent sagging of the strand c / u avoid it, it is beneficial to keep them at the turning points and / or support points of connection. This can be achieved in particular by horizontally displaceable supports, ■ "' take place, for example, in the form of plain bearings.

As a fixed point of the compensator advantageously acts a terminal point of intersection with a subsequent switch through which the pipe is divided into two mirror image extending i ^r> strands. So that the cable strands connected to the switch can also participate in the compensation movement, they are each connected to the switch via an elastic connection.

If particularly long transport lines are to be compensated, it is advisable to use two scissor arrangements to switch one after the other and place the fixed point in between.

To reduce the deflection losses in the ^Γ · ^Γ > angular expansion joints, it is recommended that these have a protective tube inside the bellows part.

Finally, there is also the possibility of underneath the line strands running in mirror image to one another Eliminating the need to design individual compensators to be elastic over their entire length, for example by Corrugated hoses are used.

An embodiment of the invention results from the following description with reference to the drawing; while h ^r >

1 shows the compensator arrangement in schematic form Representation and

F i g. 2 an example of the swivel connection to the Crossing points.

First, the diagram of the so-called Nuremberg scissors will be explained with the aid of the dash-dotted lines in FIG. 1. At a fixed point A , two legs a and b are articulated and run from there in a mirror-inverted manner outwards to two outer deflection points B and C. From point B another leg c runs parallel to the leg '/ »inwards. In a mirror image of this, a leg d runs inwards from point C parallel to leg α . At the intersection point D of the two legs c and d , they are pivotably connected to one another. From point D the legs can continue to form a new scissor parallelogram. The leg lengths always remain the same, so that the outer deflection points and the intersection points each lie on parallel straight lines.

Due to the articulated connection of the legs with one another, point D can be shifted to the right while point A is held, whereby points B and C move diagonally inwards. By connecting several scissor gites one behind the other, large changes in length can be accommodated with relatively small changes in width of the system. The movement can of course also be initiated at point A. In order to be able to use this principle for the expansion compensation of pipelines, the pipeline I is divided in a branch 2 into an upper and a lower line strand 3 and 4, respectively. Both pipe strings initially run at different heights through an angular connector (in FIG. 1, only the upper compensator 5 for the pipeline 3 is visible) and are then deflected outward in mirror image to one another. An angular compensator 6 or 7 is located at the outer deflection points B and C respectively. The connection to the compensators is made via pipe bends, the deflection angle of which is selected so that the bending angle of the compensators is approximately zero when the scissors have absorbed 50% of the maximum expansion . As a result, the angular mobility of the expansion joints is optimally used. Instead, the pivot connection can be designed, for example, as a tubular joint or as a tight torsion compensator.

Starting from the compensators 6 and 7, the line strands 3 and 4 are deflected inwards again to the intersection point D. There both line strands are through a pivot bearing, which is shown in FIG. 2 is shown connected to one another. The cable strands then continue to form further scissor elements, which are constructed in the same way as the one previously described.

The angle at which the legs a, b, round d of the individual scissor links are pivoted out of the longitudinal extension of the scissors is decisive for the effectiveness of the scissors. The greatest expansion absorption related to the growth in width occurs at angles of 90 °; then, however, the deflection losses also reach their maximum.

The Extend the pipe elbow over the entire area between the outer extreme points and the inner crossing points. A sinusoidal curve then arises Course.

The line strands running in mirror image to one another can also be designed to be elastic in themselves be, for example in the form of corrugated hoses. With sufficient angular mobility of the same

the outer angular expansion joints 6 and 7 can be omitted.

Fi g. 2 shows the swivel mounting at the crossing points. The crossing pipes point to this 8 and 9 each have a reinforcement 10 and 11 on their mutually facing sides. In both reinforcements there is a hole in the pivot axis in which a common bearing pin 12 is seated. the As a result, pipes can execute a defined pivoting movement.

Of course, other rotary bearings are also possible. Should also emigrate to the side the specified swivel plane are permitted, articulated connections are used.

To compensate for large transport lines such as district heating lines, it is advisable to use two at a time To summarize compensation elements in one place, d. h .. one uses a compensation element. both for the expansion of the incoming as well as for the expansion of the departing Cable harness is designed. Are the maximum expansions to be absorbed by both cable strands the same size, the fixed point of this expansion element is placed in the middle of its longitudinal extension. If the expansion to be absorbed is unevenly distributed between the two pipe strings, the compensation element becomes divided according to this ratio and the fixed point is arranged there.

The pivot plane is arbitrary per se, but preferably horizontal. Your support to avoid it

κι impermissible deflection of the Leilungsstrangen can take place by means of known floating bearings.

In order to reduce the deflection losses in the angular expansion joints, they can have a smooth inner lining or for example one on a flange

ι. Have fixed protective tube. For larger angular movements des Anguiators, it is recommended to use both Flange sides of the expansion joint to allow protective tubes to run inwards, with the one protective tube a certain game runs into the other, so that

jo both protective tubes angularly movable relative to one another are.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (13)

Patent claims: 1. Compensator arrangement to compensate for changes in length in a pipeline, dividing the pipeline into at least two strands which are approximately arcuate in mirror image to one another, the legs of each pipe bend being angularly movable to one another, characterized in that each line strand (3, 4) has several successive bends that intersect with the arches of the neighboring strand and that the strands of cables (3, 4) are pivotably connected to one another at the crossing points (D). 2. Compensator arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable strands (3, 4) at the deflection points (B, C) e: n have a swivel joint. 3. Compensator arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the swivel joint incoming cable loom opposite the outgoing cable loom perpendicular to the swivel plane offset and is coupled to this by a pivot connection. 4. Compensator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line strands (3, 4 ) have an elastic connection at the deflection points (B, C) and each line length runs in one plane. 5. Compensator arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the elastic connection is a bellows. 6. Compensator arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the elastic connection is an angular compensator (6,7). 7. Compensator arrangement according to claim 1,2,4,5 and 6, characterized in that the line strands (3, 4), which are mirror images of one another, are perpendicular zur Schwenkeber.e are offset from one another by at least the diameter of a line strand. 8. Compensator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cable strands (3, 4) are supported against sagging at the deflection points (B, C) and / or the intersection points (D). 9. Compensator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a terminal crossing point (A) mi: an adjoining switch (2) acts as a fixed point. 10. Compensator arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the cable strands (3, 4) are each connected to the switch (2) via an elastic connection. U. Compensator arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Fixed point is arranged between two series-connected scissor assemblies. 12. Compensator arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the angular compensator (6,7) in the interior of the bellows part is a protective tube having. 13. Compensator arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the cable strands (3, 4) are designed to be elastic over their entire length, dispensing with individual expansion joints. The invention relates to a compensator arrangement for compensating for changes in length in a Pipeline dividing the pipeline into at least two strands that are mirror images of each other approximately arcuate, the legs of each pipe bend are angularly movable to one another. Such a compensator arrangement has become known from DE-PS 1 30 270. There are two Opposite U-shaped strands are provided in which the flexible pipe sections transversely to direct connection of the connecting flanges so that they have a relative movement of the flanges Go through a lateral shift. For the inclusion of very large changes in length, such as those for example occur in district heating lines, this arrangement is not suitable. One strives for district heating lines For reasons of economy, the longest possible, continuous pipe sections with only a few compensation points. Because-because of the underground laying of the District heating lines have to be built for the compensation points. For the An example of a pipe section of 2000 m in length and a heating water temperature of 160 ° C results in one necessary expansion absorption of about 4000 mm. The control of such changes in length is at Pipe diameters in the order of 1000 mm and operating pressures in the order of magnitude from 30 bar very costly. Also the tube bundle compensator according to DE-PS 4 38 653, in which the pipeline is divided into five individual Lyra arcs is not suitable for large changes in length. Because the mentioned division serves before especially the simplified production and the achievement of the same stress on all individual tubes. before Above all, the shape of the crown is intended to ensure that when the compensator bends, the end of the force and the connecting flanges run in the center maintain their mutually parallel position. Finally, from FR-PS 22 18 528 an expansion compensation ^ is known, which consists of a zigzag bent piece of pipe, the legs of which by their angular mobility for compensation of changes in length in the pipeline are available. Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to provide a compensation system for extremely large To develop changes in length of a pipeline, as they occur, for example, with Fernhcizleitangen. According to the invention, this object is achieved in that each cable run has several successive ones Has arcs that intersect with the arcs of the neighboring strand and that the strands of wire to the Crossing points are pivotally connected to each other. Due to the crossing arrangement of the strands of cables and their pivotable connection to the At intersection points, the compensation is practically based on the principle of the Nuremberg scissors. That means, that a very large change in length is converted into a multitude of small changes in width, the The sum of the changes in width is smaller than the total change in length when working with large opening angles of the individual scissor links. In contrast, none of the three are involved named Vorveröffeiitlichungen about a real crossing of neighboring cable strands and in none The case is the pivotal connection at the intersection points, which is decisive for the principle of the invention