DE2716228A1 - Thermonuclear pump for large scale fusion - utilises energy or neutron avalanche of micro-fusion for detonating subcritical mass - Google Patents

Abstract

A thermonuclear pump is intended for pumping high voltage converters or fusion tokamaks to a positive energy balance and for pumping autogen gas lasers to 109-1011 Joule output with a hot plasma. These processes are intended to follow successful Alamos microfusion produced by 2-beam CO2 lasers. Either (a) the bond heat output of the microfusion is used to detonate a comparatively larger 'mini fusion' dose surrounding the microfusion hearth, the bond energy consequently released being employed to amplify the primary fusion effect; or (b) the neutron avalanche produced by the microfusion is used to detonate a sub-critical minimass of fissile material surrounding the microfusion hearth, so that the fission prod. heat release amplifies the primary fusion effect. The process is based upon the detonation of a sub-critical mass of fissile material using an excessively large number of neutrons, as in the Los Alamos fusion test.

Description

T h e r m o n u k l a r p u m p e

Inventor: Dipl.-Ing.Christian Strobel The one described below and the invention shown relates to a T h e r m o n u k 1 e a r p u m p e.

Thermonuclear pumps are used to pump positive energy balance Magneto-plasma-dynamic 'residual voltage circular converters or TOKAMAK fusion rings, or. for pumping high-energy OXYGEN-type gas lasers according to P 26 29 598.7, for which no Static laser gas is used, rather a plasma of 100 occupation for inversion is re-pumped every shot.

A primary gas laser works in all of these and other applications, e.g. a twin-engine C02-T! tp as it was last successful in Los Alamos with 800 J output each the microfusion of a D + T pellet of 0.15 cm in a thin glass envelope 0.03 cm at 1.3.10-6 g fusion mass with 3.1017 fusion atoms ignited and 4.3.10 @ Joule heat from the accumulation of binding energy, in addition to an avalanche of 1.5.1017 neutrons per 0.9 MeV supplies.

However, this heat output is 105 times too small for the above-mentioned Open applications. To this end the microfusion result from Los Alamos amplify, a new type of nuclear amplification has been designed that is accurate is tailored to the Alamos result and thus the breakthrough in a short time Large fusion because the Alamos microfusion is technically reproducible at any time Can form a basis. In this context, the invention consists in the principle of either: to use the binding heat yield of the microfusion to create a greater to ignite the mini-fusion dose enveloping the microfusion focus and release it with it to reinforce the primary fusion effect accordingly, odor: to use the neutron avalanche as a result of the microfusion in order to achieve one with it Microfusion center enveloping far subcritical fissile material mass for chain reaction to ignite in order to achieve the primary fusion effect with the heat of fission that is released to reinforce.

- 9 The first alternative, microfusion through one of theirs Increasing the heat yield of ignited mini-fusion is described in P 2601253.3 for the thermonuclear pump 1, generation has already been mentioned. It is here where the primary microfusion is has to be ignited by a laser and therefore only low enthalpy for the time being -6 provides another problem, in particular, because the pellet may only have 1.3.10 g For the sake of geometry, in Fig. 1. the geometry of the amplifier cartridge is indicated. With (1) the D + T pill of 0.01 cm 8 in a thin glass (2) of 0.03 cm is wrapped in the center arranged in spherical symmetry and enveloped by the reinforcing fusion substance dose (3), which is thinly laminated with plastic skin (4) and has a diametrical hole (5) through which insert the vitrified pellet (1,2) and hit by the laser beam P1 In order to use twice 800 joules, the The maximum dose available from lasers is the fusion substance dose (1) to ignite according to the equation (Ne + Ni) .T.K.3 E1 = 1600 J =; Ne = Ni = number of electrons or ions 2 = atomic number content T = attainable temperature K = Boltzmann constant 2.1000 were sufficient T = = 1.8.108 degrees K 3rd (2.3.1017). 1.38.10-23 just because 5.1o6 degrees K die is the lower limit of the Lawson range applicable to the tritium process. (Ne + Ni) is in 1,3.10-6 g (D + T) = 2 x 3 .1017.

But if you take the glass pill of 0.3 mm with frozen D + T or with Lithium deuteride wants to cover so that on the one hand with the thermal ignition by P1 laser rays do not lose any heat to the shell (3) through loss mechanisms goes, on the other hand, the beam has to pass through the hole (5) the envelope (t) is the question of selectivity between (3) and (4) is indeterminate and therefore difficult. Because with the yield 4.3.105 J from (1) a fusion substance dose (3) for the fusion to heat, this must not exceed 10 ³ g frozen (D + T) at a heating temperature of 1.3.108 degrees or have the same mass of Li-deuteride, which in the case of fusion only has a heat yield 3.5.108 joules brings what is not enough for the above-mentioned applications anyway, In contrast show the layer structure of FIG. 2.

up to 4. good suitability according to the material mass of the layers, according to selectivity the ignition effects in the application of fission enhancement by neutron avalanche, and also after using a light channel to the central pellet (1). And here are those amplifications of the microfusion of 8.1010 to lo joules can also be expected, which seem necessary for the above applications.

In the figures of the drawing are the cartridges and their application systems schematic, immeasurable and irrelevant in terms of constructive symbolization shown.

Fig. 1. shows the first alternative already discussed above, the central one Enhance microfusion with a filling minifusion, with about a caliber 0.5 mm comes out, Fig. 2. shows a single-stage fission reinforcement with a caliber of about 1.5 cm with about 1 g of fissile material Pu239, which is shaped as a sphere around the glass (2). Whereby for the sake of selectivity between (2) and fissile material (6) there may also be some hollow space.

Fig. 3. shows the same as Fig.2. However, the fission material is not here limited to the spherical shell (6), but rather distributed over several shell layers, between which there are also several Grafitschicuten as step tamper.

Fig. 4. shows a cartridge of about 2.5 cm caliber, which has a two-stage Nuclear amplifier sums up. The microfusion of the pellet (1) is first carried out by minifission Reinforced in (6) and (8) with reflection in (7) and (9), and in two stages thermonuclear reinforced by the fusion of the Li-Deliterid- or Li-Llydridhülle (12) by heat of the Fission levels, where one can come to lo J.

Fig. 5. shows how with cartridges (15) of the type of Fig.1. to 4.

a DJagneto plasma dynamic circular converter of the type P 26 38 171.5 using alternating pole geometry including magnetostatically the plasma according to P 26 41 384.3 or P 26 47 306.3 with the plasma ignited by the primary lasers is pumped to a positive energy balance, afterwards without further laser ignition With Deuterium or lithium pills continue to be controlled, their ignition energy being spontaneous supplies the stored plasma.

Fig. 7. shows schematically the pumping of an OXYGEN plasma laser from Type P 26 29 598.7 with the light output of the cartridge ignited by primary lasers (15) of the type Fig. 1. to 4. ; the pump cylinder of the AUTOGEN laser, magnetic with pole change geometry (17, 18) according to P 26 41 384.3 or P 26 47 306.3, the plasma able to magnetostatically insert and deliver a P9 beam of 1010 J.

Fig. 6 shows the application of this plasma laser from Fig. 7. on the pollutant-free Pumping a fusion ring to a positive balance; Namely by the plasma laser beam Pg at a distance optically positioned in the hollow ring cartridge (30) from (D + T) or Li-deuteride or Li-hydride of about 2 cm caliber ignites, and after a few of these Ignition shots switched off the laser and with pills (36) in the event of spontaneous ignition the hollow ring is controlled away.

Fig. 8. and 9. show schematically in two cracks a setting for the Centering the light channels of the cartridge (15) according to Fig.1.-4 on the laser axis A-A when injecting.

? tg.lo. shows schematically a plasma laser as a cannon (24,25,17,18) coupled to a circular conversion plasma storage (19); if this circular converter is pumped once to a positive balance with plasma circulating in the direction of P5 he with deuterium or lithium pills with spontaneous ignition injected in the direction of P6 can be continued and forms a slightly mobile work unit with a small storage volume. For pumping, i.e. starting, it is sent to the service unit (13,14,15,16,17,18,33,34) fabren, there coupled via (20) and ignited with primary lasers (33,34) as in Fig. 5 or, pumped.

Know the complex lasers (33,34) that fill an entire hall cannot be mobilized and a stationary service pumping station helps. Mobile plasma laser (19,31,32,36,17,18,24,25) can be built including storage from 500 kg.

In detail, the construction and modes of operation in Figures 1. to 1o The following: Fig. 1. In the center of the spherically symmetrical cartridge structure of caliber The mocrofusion pill (1) is located 2-3 mm from the pill, measuring 0.1 cm p in the glass body (2) frozen. It is wrapped in another slightly larger dose of mini-fusible (3) from (D + T) frozen, and through the light opening (5) and plastic skin (4) the Pill (1) ignited by laser beams P1. As in the beginning discussed the mass of (3) must be less than lo ³ g (D + T), if si from output 4.3.105 J of the fusion (1) is to be ignited, and it then delivers, provided the ignition selectivity between (1) and (3) is realizable, at 1.3108 degrees ignition temperature 8 optimal 3.5.10 more less, joules; plus a neutron avalanche of about 1.1.1020 particles, if (3) is made of (D + T) or Li-deuteride, Fig, 2.

This cartridge has a caliber when 1 g of fissile material (6) is used 1.5 cm and a total mass of about 4 grams. In the spherically symmetrical cross-section is it in the center with the Alamos fusion pill (1) of 0.01 cm # from 1.3.10-6 g D + T, loaded in a glass envelope (2) of 0.3 mm frozen, and with or without an empty space encased by about 1 gram of fissile material Pu 239 (6), the outside of which is about 0.46 cm. The fissile material is pressed around by about 1.4 cm graphite ball (7), which serves as a tamper and auesen is coated with a plastic skin (4). When pouring (6) on Injection molding machine, and when overpressing with graphite (7) or

during coating (4) the light hole 5) is kept free by the draw core, through which shortly before the shot from the refrigerator the pill (1,2) was inserted and is centered, which is in connection with the inclusion of the cartridge in the centering bracket (37) of Fig. 8. and 9.

is automated in the loading facility.

Fig. 3.

Here the fissile material is distributed over several concentric spheres or

Hollow spherical layers distributed, The fissile material sphere (6) is encased by Graphite (7), this one from Spaltstoffschioht (8), this one from graphite layer (9), this one of fissile material layer (1ö). This graphite boundary layer (11) and this is laminated with a plastic skin (4), the whole with a diametrical light channel (5) (cast through a draw core or pressed and coated and afterwards through channel. (5) loaded with pellet (1,2).

Fig. 4.

This two-tier reinforcement structure has the inside as in Fig. 3.

the primary pill (1,2) wrapped in fissile material (6); This is overpressed of graphite (7), this is surrounded by fissile material (8), and this is encased with a graphite layer (9). This is encapsulated with the Li-deuteride or Li-hydride hollow sphere (12) from about 3.5 g at a density of 0.55, with a 2.5 cm caliber with the plastic casing (4) arises. When (1) is ignited with P1, it merges with an avalanche of 1.5.1017 Neutronan in (6) ignited the chain reaction; their yield, and at the same time the chain reaction yield in (8), thermally ignite the fusion in (12), their yield enthalpy of binding is about 1013 J.

Three amplifier steps are started from the pair of laser beams P1 achieved: 1st step: amplification of looo J by microfusion to 4,3,105J 2nd " Amplification of 4.3.105 J through fission to 8.1010 J amplification of 8.10 J through Fusion to 1013J The effect in Fig.2. to 3. is that an intonsive and from the microfusion of (1) forming neutron avalanche into the enveloping fissile material is emitted and repeatedly reflected in the tamper, creating a chain reaction, which runs better and faster than with supercritical fissile material, the effect. in Fig. 4. is that the process of FIG.

and 3. supplies the thermal ignition energy for the large fusion stage (12) and this ignites, the new principle, far subcritical fission material cans with more intense Bringing particle-rich neutron avalanches to a chain reaction is ultimately the Description formalized or argued in more detail.

Fig. 5.

In the reaction plug-in head (13) of the plasma diffuser tube (16) with the gun from the magazine (14) in axis B-B of the diffuser, the cartridge (15) from Type of Figures 1. to 4. in the level and in the axis A-A of the two ignition ends Laser beams P1 with a socket (37) according to Fig. 8. and 9th positioned so that Liohtkanal (3) is coaxial with A-A.

The cartridge advance is with P4, the insert with P3, after ignition occurring plasma movement is designated with P2. The diffu.

sion is caused by magnetic inclusion on the part of the

Patent applications known magnetic pole change geometry (17,18) non-contact plasma guidance imposed in (16) (Pinoh).

After ignition, the plasma shoots into the soul axis of the magneto-plasma dynamic Circular converter (19), which is also reinforced with pole change magnetics, but which was not drawn in and from P 26 38 171.5 or P 26 41 384.3 or P2647306.3 is known to there in circular motion P5 kinetic energy to the built-in to emit longitudinally ordered collectors as an electric current. With 5 - lo Ignition shots that deliver a mixed plasma of helium, krypton, barium, for cartridges of the type of Fig. 4. preferably made of helium, the climate of the converter is only slightly contaminated when you consider that after these few ignitions there is no pollutant is more imitated because after achieving positive energy balance without laser pills (22) are delivered, the ignition of which occurs spontaneously and which therefore e.g. turn off Li-deuteride or Li-hydride can exist; in the former case the converter blank made of lithium for breeding tritium from neutron bombardment, in the latter case no radiation at all, also no more neutrons, and after ignition so the converter runs for years without any pollutant emissions. At (23), in Direction P7 plasma can be discharged to the gas turbine or to the dual-circuit steam boiler. At (2i), fusion pills (22) are injected for steering in the direction of P6. With (20) the ignition connection of the converter is designated (pump connection). (See also Naturwlss, Rdsoh.

3/1977 pp. 86-88: Control pills 2 cm after reaching a positive balance D + T), Fig. 7.

The two Alamos C02 lasers (33,34) from axis A-A work with beams P1 500 J each to the one in the reaction plug-in head (13) as in Fig. 5. with bracket (37) shot-in cartridge (15) of the type shown in Figs. 1. to 4. After ignition, it fires its plasma | in the direction P2 into the pumping section (26) of the AUTOGEN gas laser (24) from Type P 26 39 598.7 around there as a replacement for conventional laser-active Pumpease with every shot anew with loo ffi occupation inversion in total thermal Imbalance of molecules or atoms and without applying conventional: stimulation with high-frequency high-voltage discharges, without beam folding, without Brewster window etc., the high-energy light shot from its own light in the pumping directions of the arrows (26, 27) P9 to be pumped L denotes the length of the pumping section of a few meters at Fig. 5. the diffuser here is the pump tube (24) with magnetic pole change geometry armored and labeled (17,18), so that low-contact plasma guidance in the pump chamber prevails.

If (15) delivers a pump plasma of 1012 J, one can use the Secondary laser axis B-B expect a beam P9 of 1010 joules of energy. When applying this two-stage laser system for metallurgy, e.g. welding, cutting, melting, becomes the cannon (13,24,25,17,18,14) with lasers (33,34) which all optics, excitation, beam folding etc. included on common-laser mount horizontally around vertical axis of (15) and can be swiveled vertically around Aohse A-A, i.e. directable, prepared.

In the same way is the system when there is a defensive weapon against tanks or missile will be set up stationary or mobile.

A shot of P9 of 1010 J = 2.8.10³ Kwh is capable of meter-thick steel plates breaking or cutting, performing other types of metallurgical tasks, armor Cracking, intercepting ICBMs and missiles of all kinds (13) is thermal and acoustic with a cartridge output of lo to 1011J and mechanically large, all the more so than - albeit very small - fission material plasma components occur, suction becomes indispensable, Fig. 6.

Here is the two stage laser from Fig 7. applied to a fusion ring (28) with jet Pg over the pollution-free 2 cm # lithium or (D + T) pill (30) to pump positive energy balance; for what if the pill with volume 4 cm3 and mass of 9 grams (D + T) contains 2.2.1024 atoms, per shot 6.1012 joules heat of bond = 1.6,106 kWh are required, around 5 - 10 firing shots are sufficient; whereupon the laser switched off, Similar pills shot in the direction of P6 at (31) operate in adaptation to control the load, taking the inherent heat of the stored Helium brings the ignition.

The method according to Fig. 6. can also be seen in Fig. 5. transfer; if one at Fig.5. the (Kr + Ba) plasma, or. when using a cartridge (15) of the type Fig, 4. the mixed plasma of He4, with components Kr and Ba, aimed at a pill (30) of 4g (D + T) and 2 cm, containing 10 atoms around them with the plasma to the temperature T = 2E2 2.8.1011 3o = 3. (Ni + Ne) .K 3. 1024.1,38.10-23 = 4.101 @ degrees K and thereby to achieve their fusion, whereby a bond 5 heat Eb3 = 17.5.1024.1.6.10-13 = 2.8.1012 J, and where the Helium plasma a temperature 2 Eb3 2.2.8.1012 The = = 3. (Ni + Ne) .K 3. 2. 1024. 1.38. Assumes 10-23 = 6.7.10 degrees K, then you get a circling in the direction of the arrow Pb or output Ep = E2 + Eb3 = 8. 8,10, expanding and compressed on the soul axis + 2.8.1012 = 3.6.10 J, which already has a positive energy balance after a single shot with about 22 liters of circling normal volume means He4, based on the above high temperature an estimated 1 cubic meter of helium compressed on the soul axis, from its enthalpy the pills (22) subsequently injected in adaptation to the load change spontaneously will ignite, the procedure of this type has in Fig.5. the advantage that in the converter from the beginning the proportion of the radioactive components Kr and Ba relative to helium is very small, and you in the subsequent instant ignition operation with lithium or Deuterium pills (22) become more and more diluted and finally disappear completely in continuous operation. You have the chance at the start by subtracting the still contaminated content over (23) gradually to come to a pure converter climate.

In Fig. 6. ignition with a secondary laser has the advantage that One Contamination of the converter does not occur at all, in both cases, provided the pills (22,3o, 36) made of lithium deuteride or (D + T), in the converter blank made of lithium, the in the natural isotope mixture contains 96% Li isotopes Li7, due to the Neutron bombardment tritium are incubated after extraction for the detonators (1) supplies the substance, sometimes also for (22,30,36).

Spaces From the microfusion success of Los Alamos, which is the basis of the further cartridges and systems described here, and which is now the Marks the current state of the art with a view to large-scale merger, occurs as a new one best-fitting aid for breakthrough to large-scale fusion a very particle-rich one Neutron avalanche, containing 1.5.1017 particles per 0.9 MeVind about 9.107m / s, sufficient to tone in a variety of reflections in the graphite of the cartridges Fig.2. to 4.

many times reflected and therefore slower and slower, i.e.

to become "better" from a functional point of view; this avalanche initially the Conventional experience and teaching invalidates the fact that fissile materials are a fixed critical Masss and can only be detonated beyond them. One is made of tables Try to determine which this ancient doctrine is based on its dependence on the number of the starter neutrons and will find that the current from the Alamo test available avalanche of 1.5.1017 neutrons is sufficient to produce an envelope down to 1 gram To bring Pu239 to a chain reaction, with a shortening of the reaction time 1017 times, with which, without the need for formalization, also the loss of neutrons is smaller than with supercritical and ignited by a single starting neutron Chain reaction. For this it is sufficient to cite the simple formalism that from the following process according to equation (3) results: 3x = 3.2,5.1021 = optimal from 1 g Pu239 resulting neutron number x = 46.5 (equation 1) for the case that this dose 1 g of Pu an element of one of only 1 random starting neutron ignited supercritical fissile material charge.

3Y = 1.5.1017 = neutron avalanche of the Alamo test, here starting neutron number the Pu239 shell of 1 gram mass y = 36.8 (equation 2) x - y = 46.5-36.8 = 9.8 is the number of reaction steps still required for the shortened and for a neutron avalanche ignited chain reaction, which, due to its number of igniter neutrons, 36.8 steps anticipates, i.e. saves.

The fission reaction Pu239 + n # Kr89 + Ba 3 + 3n + 200 MoV / atom (equation 3) can be written down in terms of turnover when ignited by 1 neutron 1 g = 2.5.1o21 atoms Pu239 + 1 n --E 2.5.10 (Kr '+ Ba138) + 21 + 3 n + 2.5.1o 21 MeV (Equiv. 3a) and when ignited by 1,5.10 @@ neutrons 21 Po239 + 1.5.1017 n --C 2.5.1021 89 + Ba138 2.5.wo pu239 + 1.5.1017 n --s + 1.5.1017 'r3Y n + 2.5, where 21 MeV (equals 3b) where the above formalism of x and y is defined.

The microfusion according to the process D² + T³ # He4 @ + n 17.6 MeV / atom He4 (equation 4) can be written down in terms of sales 1.3'10 g = 3'10 atoms (D + T3) 4 9103 J - + 7.2.10-7 g each 4 + + 1.5.lo 7 n + 2.3.wo J (equiv.4a) and defines the ignition neutron avalanche, which here is the single start neutron of equiv. 3a replaced.

The at the cartridge Fig. 4. and also the cartridges (22,30,36) are possible alternative processes for lithium deuteride or lithium hydride (Equation 3) (Equation 6) It can be assumed that the 20-50-str @ hligen Co2 or neodymium laser tackled by LASL-los Alamos after the successful microfusion test, when convergent impact on the central pellet, its fusion substance dose increase by 1 to 2 decimal places; which would mean that the starting neutron number in the avalanche would increase by the same factor. As a result, the ignition reliability would be increased with the same dose. An amplification of the dose (1) is no longer necessary here, because amplification through minifission is a much cheaper and more practical aid than growing lasers with the highest yield through high input and large number of beams. The advantage of this new solution is that Großfusion relieved of its questionable nature and the breakthrough to it by strengthening the microfusion of the LASL with Minifission 5 is immediately feasible. Because the 1 - 10 firing shots with pollutant-containing plasma are of no relevance relative to the years of continuous wave operation of the reactor with pollutant-free spontaneous ignition pills.

Fig.lo.

A special note is with regard to the use of an AUTOGEN gas laser of the type of Fig. 7. the construction of Fig.lo. to be included, because here the laser 1, No more shot for shot as in Fig. 7. Pollutants and high detonation stress emitted, and 2. the laser, for example when it is used by industrial or military ticks serves, can work continuously and it is not necessary to first shoot one Ignite the cartridge and wait for the plasma to begin pumping.

A laser according to FIG. 10. can work non-stop, continuously in still in a higher sense than conventional allogeneic systems with jet pumping through stimulation , where yes, as is well known, can not be shot continuously.

The construction of the system of Fig.lo. is a combination of the plasma supplier Diffuser and circular converter of Fig.3. with the AUTOGEN laser of Fig. 7, Left you can see the diffuser (13,14,15,16,17,18) with primary additional lasers (33-24) As is well known, the main ballast of a mobile device for defense or industrial technology and fill an entire hall in the style of the LAS L -Los Alamos, as a service pumping station Stationary type, which only serves to pump the memory (19) on a positive balance. The relatively small memory designed as a circular converter for circles of the plasma P5 which, once it is on a positive balance, i.e. energy surplus enough has around when spontaneously shooting in fusion pills (36) in the direction of P6 (31) to ignite these pills spontaneously is at (32) fost with the cannon (17,18,24,15) coupled and forms with her the mobile unit, wherein as in Fig.7. the pipe (24) and with it memory (19) can be pivoted about (33, 34) two axes. The lasers are here on the cannon in contrast to Fig. 7. omitted; because you only need it at the service station. The laser (24,25) receives continuously or intermittently Depending on requirements, its plasma through valveless electromagnetic converter outlet control in the direction of P7 (32).

During this removal, the memory in the named and fills up in the manner known from Hqhlringen.

The system has the following advantages compared to Fig.7: 1. The memory and cannon existing laser (24,25) becomes relatively light, maximally at 1o lo burst energy about 1 ton.

It can be used tactically and industrially on the move.

2. It does not emit any radioactive pollutants and does not absorb any.

because it only works with pure He4 plasma according to the injection of D + T pills or Li pills at (31).

3. He is not of the mechanical, acoustic, or dynamic strain loaded, which causes the ignition and detonation of the ignition cartridge (15) containing fissile material brings with it.

4 The laser as a mobile unit is also cheaper because it is complex Primary laser system (33,34) is missing.

5. The cannon can fire almost continuously, weld, melt, cut, because the replenishment of plasma from (32) can be controlled almost continuously.

6. In the event of malfunctions and the installation of spare parts, it is not a problem mobile unit for stationary service unit for re- One advantageous modification of the amplifier cartridges (15) of the type shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. is that the more suitable reflector material instead of graphite (D2 + T3) frozen in glass envelope (4) is used. Heavy hydrocarbons then get This design has a double function: On the one hand, they are a reflector for intensification of chain reactions; at other times when the fissile materials detonate (6,8,10) ignited by their detonation heat to core fusion and amplify the result considerable.

If one uses for (6,8,10) z, B. 1 g of fissile material for the reflectors (7,9,11) 2.5 g (D2 + T3) frozen in glass (4) with a caliber of 1.5 cm, then one obtains with a loss-free reaction 12 a yield of 1.2.10 joules.

A valuable variant in using the mobile plasma laser with a mobile one coupled small circle system (19) of Fig. lo. is it that he - if this plasma storage is achieved by automatically injecting D + T pills (36) once can hold on to excess energy - in Fig. 6. instead of the thanks to the large and adjustment sensitive Primary laser A-A only stationary applicable ignition system (13,14,15,17,18,24,25) as Mobile service unit for optical pumping of a new or overhauled hollow ring (28) can serve until this too sioh by injecting pills (36) itself on Able to hold surplus energy. Compared to the above-mentioned immobile ignition and pumping system it also has the advantage that there are no explosive detonations, insofar no acoustic, mechanical and pollutant effects on the Environment.

L e r s e i t e

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Thermonuclear pump for pumping back-up voltage converters or Fusion rings for positive energy balance, and for pumping 11 OXYGEN gas lasers at 1o9 to 10 joules output with hot plasma, according to Figure 1. till 8. the drawing following the successful Alamos microfusion using a two-beam C02 laser j @oo Joule characterized in that ontweder the binding heat yield of the Microfusion is used to fill the microfusion focal point with it To ignite mini fusion dose and with the binding energy released the primary To reinforce the fusion effect accordingly, or the neutron avalanche as a result of the Mlkrofusion is used to create a microfusion focus with or without a spacer to ignite enveloping subcritical mini fissile material to a chain reaction to with their released heat of fission to intensify the primary fusion effect to a high degree, whereby the experience and the theory that fissile material only becomes critical from an established point of view Mass is detonable upwards, is weakened and modified to the effect that In addition to the mass of the fuel, the number of starting neutrons is the same as with conventional supercritical ignition mostly n = 1 was the determining factor for detonability so that in the Los Alamos fusion test on a 0.01 cm # D + T pill the 1.5.1017 Neutrons resulted in already 1 gram and a few shell fissile material from the avalanche to the chain reaction be ignited. Claim 2. Thermonuclear pump according to claim 1, characterized in accordance with FIG. 1 by an amplifier cartridge, in which after the former alternative of claim 1. the microfusion pill (1) or its glass body (2) are encased by a small one Fusion substance dose (3) and a light path (5) through which selectively the igniting Laser beams Pl can hit the pill (1) so that (1) is selective Yet Claim 2. from (3) is ignited, and (3) aua the heat yield from the ignition (1) merges. Claim 3. Thermonuclear pump according to claim 1 and Fig. 2, characterized by an amplifier cartridge, in which after the second Alu he native of claim 1. the microfusion pill (1) or its glass body (2) wrapped with or without a spacer are from a minifission substance dose (ß) e.g. from Pu239 or U 35, e.g. from a Gram of this material, this fissile material, a graphite tamper (7) wraps around the outside is laminated with a plastic skin (4), whereby by Ziehlçern when pouring (6) and a light channel (5) kept free when pressing (7) or laminating (4) is through which on the one hand the microfusion pill when arming from the refrigerator (1,2) is pushed into the fissile material of the cartridge and centered, on the other hand through this channel the laser beam P1 can hit the pill (1) and ignite it. Claim 4. Thermonuclear pump according to claims 1 and 3 according to Fig. 3. characterized by a cartridge of Fig.2. with multi-layered Fissile material (6,8,10) and intermediate graphite tamper layers (7,9) as well as one Graphite envelope tamper (11), which is lined with a plastic skin (4) on the outside, the Reinforcing detonation of fissile material is promoted by multiple reflection of the penetrating Neutrons in multiple layers Fissile material from multiple layers of tampers, and through Reflection reduces the speed of neutrons, their suitability for nuclear fission is thereby improved. Claim 5. Thermonuclear pump according to claims 2 to 4, as a two-stage nuclear thermonuclear amplifier Cartridge according to Fig. 4. characterized in that a layering system according to Fig.2. or according to Fig. 3. the cartridge is encased with a lithium deuteride or lithium hydride or D + T fusion material charge (12) laminated with cover (4) e.g. made of plastic, Yet Claim 5. whereby by the neutron avalanche from microfusion (1) the fission in fissile materials (6.8) with reflection in graphite (7.9) first stage, and the fision of (6.8) second stage is amplified by a fusion of (12) ignited by fission heat (6,8). Claim 6. Thermonuclear pump, using cartridges (15) of the Figures 1 through 4, as applied to pumping a circular converter of the type according to P 26 38 171.5 or a pulse or. Continuous wave reactor according to P 26 13 282.1 with low-contact plasma guidance through pole alternation geometry according to P 26 41 384.3 or P 26 47 306.3, according to Fig. 5. characterized in that in the plug-in ignition head (13) of the diffuser (16) a cartridge (15) of the type of Fig.1. to 4th in line with their canal (5) to the axis A-A of the firing laser P1 e.g. with the help of the centering guide socket (37) of Figures 8, and 9, is positioned after ignition of her pill (1) and detonation of the amplifier charges (3) or (6) or (8,10,12), the resulting plasma in the direction P2 under] ompression through magnetostatic low-contact guidance through pole change reinforcements (17,18) in diffuser axis B-B in the nozzle (20) of the converter (19) or the pulse generator flows to there in direction P5, on the soul axis through magnetic pole change geometry guided to circle until one or more firing shots from cartridges (15) positive energy balance occurs, after which in nozzle (21) with shutdown of the laser Fusion pills (22) shot in and from the inherent heat of the stored plasma are ignited in a controlled manner, and also on the inlet connection (20) an insertion and Positioning device (29) is present, which already at the first ignition shot a fusion pill (30) in the axis B-B to the converter oinschoves so that it ignited directly from the enthalpy of the inflowing plasma P2 from (15) and thereby the yield of (15) is increased on the one hand, and its pollutant content is increased on the other Dilute with the He4 plasma formed from fusion of (30) depanised. Claim 7. Thermonuclear pump as in claim 6 when applied to pumping of an AUTOGEN gas laser according to P 26 29 598.7 with the plasma of an amplifier cartridge of the type Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, according to Fig. 7. the drawing marked by the fact that as in Fig. 5. from an overpass of the positioning device (14, P4, P3) the cartridge (15) (according to Fig. 1 to 4.) or. their alignment socket (37) of Figure 8. and 9. so in the rimärlaserstrahlfluct A-A of the primary laser (33,34) lies that light channel (5) is aligned with A-A and pill (1) is hit by rays P1 and ignites, enthalpically from dor Structure of (15) amplified plasma in axis B-n of the secondary AUTOGENIC laser (24) in direction P2 through the light pumping space (25), where the plasmatic light flows into Pumping directions of the arrows (26,27) over the delimiting metal optics of the pumping chamber, from Pump length L of several meters, pumps an output 11 beam Pg up to 10 joules, whereby the plasma movement in the pump chamber (25) and in the shaft (24) through magnetic pole changing armouring (17,18) as in Fig. 5. out of contact for the purpose of alignment on a workpiece or a Flugkdrpor or. Panzerziel the whole system, containing the lasers (33,34), the quick-change one Ignition reactor plug-in head (13), the tube (24) and magazine (14), around the vertical axis from (15) and horizontal axis A-A is pivotable, and the system as a high-energy laser for welding, cutting, melting and other civil applications, as well as a weapon against missiles, tanks and other military defense targets. Claim 8. Thermonuclear pump, for pumping a fusion ring, e.g. of a TOKAMAK (28) according to Fig. 6. in connection with a pumping system in the form of a two-stage laser chain according to Figure 7. characterized in that the from the enthalpy of the laser (33,34) ignited cartridge (15) pumped (1> 9) of the AUTOGEN laser (13,14,15,17,18,24,25) at a distance, and without mechanical Connection of (24) with (28), e.g. via a vacuum pipe or a shaft the in Still claim 8. Unoriented feeder (38) via insert (29) from directions P8 and pollution-free fusion pill (30) directed over entrance optics window (39) is, this pill ignites to fusion, and thereby one or more of the three laser ignitions and pills (30) the hollow ring is pumped to positive energy while after Achieving this excess energy in stored plasma when switched off Lasers P1 at (31) inject pills in the direction of P6 to control the hollow ring who, the, and that pure pollution-free fusion pills (36), which are spontaneous ignite at the intrinsic heat of the plasma, the plasma in the direction as in Fig.5. can croise and expand on the soul axis and / or dose-wise in the direction of P7 into a converter or a gas mixing stage and behind it into a gas turbine or a Damof boiler is discharged, the helium of the mixture at the end of the processel is obtained by rectification, with the hollow ring from the beginning remains free of pollutants because the ZUndimpuls from (15) to (30) is purely optisoh from the start is mediated by glass optics (39), the fusion in (30,36) according to equations resp. Processes (5,) or (6.)) takes place, and the neutrons resulting from equation (5,) in the reactor lithium blanket provide heat for boiler heating and that for the D + T detonators (1) have the necessary tritium separated from it. Claim 9. Thermonuclear pump, designed as a continuous trioh AUTOGENIC laser according to figure. 10., as a combination of a diffuser (13,14,15,16) with primary laser ignition P1 from convergent oriented lasers (33,34) as in Fig. 5. with an OXYGEN gas laser of the type of Fig. 7. which, however, no longer has a primary ignition laser P1 or (33,34) has, characterized in that their coupling via a plasma storage (19) takes place, if he goes from P2 via pill (3e) and via spontaneous ignition pills (36) once runs on excess energy, at (32) in the direction of P7 continuously or in doses - via the well-known valveless electromagnetic discharge control of the circular converter, -Hot pumping plasma is released into the pump chamber (25), where it continues or in doses a jet P9 is pumped. Claim lo. Thermonuclear pump according to Fig. 10, designed as a continuous wave OXYGEN laser which is thermonuclear pumped, characterized in that, in contrast to Fig. 7. on the cannon (24,25) the primary laser (33,34) and the ignition head (13,14,15) omitted, the cannon in the direction of arrow P7 its plasma from a mostly smaller mobile Memory (19) receives which, according to the design of the circular converter, circulates storage plasma Keep P5 on contact-free circular movement and maintain the positive energy balance when plasma is withdrawn from (32) by automatic pill injection (36) in the direction of P6 can maintain, with the pumping of the spoichers on positive balance Commissioning and after repairs of one as a pump diffuser in the sense of Fig. 5. trained ignition service station (13,14,15,16,17,18,) with primary lasers (33,34) with temporary coupling of the storage tank via nozzle (20) with diffuser (16) the station takes place while Als then after reaching a positive storage balance at (20) the mobile unit is separated from the service station again, so that this cannon on the one hand it is small and light because the main ballast, the primary laser (33,34) is discarded, and on the other hand no major mechanical, thermal, acoustic Exertions of the detonation of the ignition cartridge (15), also no radioactive pollutants (15) picks up or emits, and the cannon also almost continuously beam shots can give up because the replenishment of plasma from an automatically kept full Storage takes place. Claim 11. Thermonuclear pump according to claims 1 to 10, with regard to the materials the cartridge structure (15) according to FIGS. 2 and 3. using primary fission and secondary fusion enhancement in the sense of Fig. 4. 4. characterized in that in Fig. 2. and 3. as reflector materials (7) is used instead of graphite in the frozen state (D2 + T3), whichever is better It has tamping properties as graphite, and at the same time it is a fusion enhancer in the sense of Fig. 4, which forms from the emission of (6) or (8) or (lo) is ignited by the released energy and another high Yet Claim 11. Reinforcement delivers without increasing the caliber of the cartridge needs than in Figures 2 and 3. Claim 12 thermal nuclear pump according to claim 10, and 11 and claim 8., characterized in that a pollutant-free plasma from its memory (19) of Fig. 10. pumped AUTOGEN laser (17,18,24,25) in Fig. 6. with its ray P9 contact-free, free from detonation and acoustic effects and mechanical stress without contact from the hollow ring (28) pumps this on a positive balance as a service device, so that afterwards the hollow ring with spontaneous ignition is controlled further, this without PrimErlaser (33,34) working OXYGEN plasma lasers after pumping also elsewhere can be used.