DE102022002235A1 - Projectile weapon - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a projectile weapon with a fusion reactor, which is able to achieve a significantly higher energy output with low energy input through fusion of hydrogen isotopes and nuclear material and the energy released during fusion in the reactor Propellant used for projectile termination. Instead of plasma and associated magnetic field confinement measures, the reactor uses high-speed liquid jets whose kinetic energy is sufficient to enable the fusion of hydrogen isotopes with the support of strong electrostatic fields that ensure optimal orientation of the atoms in the collision point enable to achieve. The projectile is accelerated by the energy released in the fusion reactor and the expansion of the excess fluid material. The weapon with the fusion reactor can be scaled almost arbitrarily and can be built both as a mobile war device and as a stationary defense system. The propelling energy for the projectile is generated from primary energy carriers that are abundant in nature. In addition, the projectiles here are also equipped with fusion mini-reactors that can cause small thermonuclear detonations in the impact target.

Description

The invention relates to a projectile weapon which, instead of using propellants or explosive charges for projectile firing, has a device that launches the projectile into a fusion chamber using energy released by nuclear fusion of light elements and which has an extremely rapid expansion of the remaining material there causes the gun barrel to fire in the target direction.

Nuclear reactors that are used to provide electricity function exclusively on the nuclear fission principle. During nuclear fission, heavy, radioactive elements are split into lighter elements and energy is released, which is converted into electrical current using energy converters, such as steam turbines. Unfortunately, during nuclear fission, not all of the radioactive material is used efficiently to generate electricity. Radioactive residues remain, which cause further problems. This radioactive residue (radioactive waste) must be stored safely because it emits dangerous radiation. Unfortunately, quite a bit of it remains in the nuclear reactor, making disposal more complicated. This also shows how poor the efficiency of a nuclear reactor is. If all the material were almost completely “burned”, such a reactor would deliver at least 90% more energy. The efficiency of nuclear reactors is around 20%. It is claimed that they work with around 30 - 35% efficiency, but unfortunately that is not entirely true. Just because the nuclear “fuel” delivers so much energy, it hardly matters. The radioactive waste represents a major environmental risk. However, through a special design of a new type of reactor, the radioactive waste can still be used as a primary energy supplier and thus get the remaining 90% missing. Afterwards, only a small amount or hardly anything would remain that would be radioactive.

As has been found in numerous nuclear processes revealed by particle accelerators and nuclear explosions, there is no doubt that matter is made of energy. The description of the photon Dual property of the photon is now accepted by many scientists. The theory states that the photon is corpuscular and a wave at the same time. As soon as the photon hits matter (and matter consists of entangled photons) it can also be caught in the entanglement and thereby enlarge the clump slightly. This is photon absorption. But it can also throw out another photon.

There is a lot, enormous amount of energy in every type of matter itself. No matter whether sand, rocks, wood, water, metal, air, earth, each of these materials contains an extremely high amount of energy. However, this does not (only) mean chemical energy. Actually, all matter is made of energy. Matter is a form of extremely concentrated energy. The energy in the form of photons, which is strongly concentrated, can form stable structures and keep them trapped there. If you destroy these structures, the energy is released in the form of photons. There are numerous ways to elicit energy from matter or to initiate these transformations. The most common and simplest methods are chemical in nature. In such processes, matter will simply enter into chemical reactions and form new chemical bonds or break them. The most common method of releasing energy is to burn matter. However, this only provides a very small proportion of the energy that would actually be available; on the other hand, the initial energy needed to start the process is relatively low. In addition, this method only works with combustible substances, which form a fraction of the total matter on the earth's surface, for example.

Rather, energy can be gained or released through nuclear reactions. The nuclear energy production methods available to us are nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. There is a third option, annihilation, which is very difficult to implement because it requires antimatter, which can only be produced with extremely high energy expenditure. When a group of atoms made of antimatter and analogous matter collide, both groups of atoms are completely converted into energy and radiated away from the collision point in all directions at the speed of light.

Initiating nuclear fission is technically relatively easy these days. This method is also quite common in commercial nuclear reactors and is used for wide-scale power supply. Radioactive elements are enriched until they are suitable for an optimal nuclear reaction. The radioactive material is introduced into a reactor filled with heavy water in the form of elongated rods. Because uncontrolled nuclear fission would lead to an atomic explosion, cadmium grids or rods (or boric acid dissolved in the heavy water) are placed between the fissile radioactive material. The cadmium or graphite grids or rods determine the power of energy release or the speed at which nuclear fission occurs. Depending on how far they are inserted between the uranium (or plutonium) rods, the higher or lower the energy release. Every time an atom is split, it releases a neutron, which in turn releases one of the atoms in the neighborhood destabilized by penetrating its core. The cadmium rods are able to absorb free neutrons and therefore control the nuclear fission processes quite well. Nuclear reactors with graphite as a moderator are no longer used because they are not so easy to control. If the cooling in the reactor fails, a core meltdown can occur very quickly. In the event of a breakdown, the nuclear reaction increase can occur suddenly and should not be underestimated. It can increase thousands of times within a millisecond, which can lead to a violent explosion and thus contamination.

Unfortunately, during nuclear fission reactions, the radioactive “fuel” is not completely split. This leaves radioactive residues that will continue to radiate for hundreds, thousands or even millions of years. If the radioactive material were completely split, the efficiency of a nuclear reactor would be significantly higher and less radioactive waste would be left behind. However, the design of nuclear reactors can be changed to minimize waste products. Alternatively, new, special reactors can be built that use the radioactive waste product of a conventional reactor and continue to produce electricity from it. A completely different design and special alloys as a neutron exciter with a resonator unit can still make the use of conventional radioactive fuels useful. The performance of such a special extra reactor that only uses the radioactive waste to generate electricity would be almost the same as that of the conventional reactor that produces the radioactive waste product! However, a detailed description of such a specific reactor is not the subject of this invention here.

Fusion reactors should actually achieve better efficiency in terms of energy yield. Commonly known and existing fusion reactors are built in different versions. Toroidal reactors and tokamak machines are relatively well known.

However, such reactors have unfortunately been in the experimental phase for decades or are used as research reactors and, according to experts, are always about 30 years away from commercial use. While nuclear fusion works without any problems with a hydrogen bomb, the continuous, controlled yield of energy in nuclear fusion reactors is associated with many problems, the solution of which makes the process very expensive and therefore unattractive for industry. The fusion reactors require a lot of start-up energy, which must first be provided. In addition, today's reactors cannot run permanently or the processes there come to a standstill quite quickly and the energy yield is therefore relatively small. If you invest a few MW of energy in the start-up phase and then the process only runs for a few seconds or, in the best case, a few minutes, with only fractions of the invested energy being recovered, that is not a commercially interesting level of efficiency that is achieved. For such purposes, the reactor must be able to supply energy permanently and not only be in active operation for a few minutes or seconds every few resting hours or even days. Unfortunately, today's fusion reactors usually have a negative energy balance: more energy is put into them than is gained through the process. It is comparable to a car with an internal combustion engine that needs the electric starter every few dozen seconds to get the engine running for a few seconds. The car battery would then quickly run out because the work of the combustion engine would not be sufficient to recharge it via the alternator.

Nuclear fusion is an energy-producing process that has been occurring in the sun and stars for billions of years. The fusion process takes place at extraordinarily high temperatures, at which the matter is in the fourth state of aggregation, the so-called plasma. A plasma consists of atomic nuclei (ions) and electrons that are no longer bound to each other.

Inside the sun, fusion reactions take place at around 15 million degrees. Under the conditions on Earth, the plasma is enclosed by strong magnetic fields at temperatures of over 100 million degrees and at extremely low density (approx. 250,000 times thinner than the Earth's atmosphere). What the magnetic fields try to achieve on Earth is not necessary on the stars. There the plasma is compressed very strongly by the unimaginably large star mass and the gravitational forces acting on this mass. The highly heated plasma that causes fusion is located primarily in a mantle, more or less close to the star's core, depending on the size of the star. The fusion does not take place in the core of the star, as previously assumed, but in a shell that is located between the core and the surface. If fusion only took place in the core, then all stars would be of similar size and there would be no very large or small stars. Each star has its nuclear fusion envelope at a different distance from the star center. The jacket is created where there is the balance between pressure and temperature that is necessary for hydrogen fusion. More Sheaths that are arranged concentrically deeper fuse other materials and elements. In the core of the star, the pressure is so high that the matter is very compressed, and the atomic structural integrity is no longer guaranteed. The neutrons that are supposed to keep fusion going are slowed down far too quickly and prematurely bound into heavy atomic structures. The situation is different in the star mantle layer, which is more or less distant from the core. The distance from the star's core is determined by the size and mass of the star. In any case, the fusion mantle of a star is very hot and relatively thin, which also ensures a very long “burn”. The fusion shell does not always remain the same size. It changes size and shape as the star ages and can become unstable. It also plays a big role in supernova explosion. If the star becomes unstable, the first thing this mantle will do is rupture itself and the layers above it. Because the mantle also expands inward during the explosion, it compresses the star's matter toward the core. That's why after a supernova explosion, significantly smaller remnants of the star remain. Firstly, the material above the jacket is blasted away and secondly, the material underneath is largely strongly compressed by the increase in pressure.

As far as fusion is concerned, the situation on Earth is different. Here, engineers and scientists are trying to melt the light nuclei (preferably hydrogen isotopes) through strong heating and magnetic field confinement. A number of fusion reactions between light nuclei are conceivable. The first generation of future fusion power reactors will use the deuterium-tritium reaction, which offers a comparatively high fusion power density: the core of the heavy hydrogen deuterium (one proton, one neutron) fuses with the core of the superheavy hydrogen tritium (one proton, two neutrons ) to the helium-4 nucleus, the so-called particle (two protons, two neutrons) with the emission of a neutron. Approximately four times as much energy is released per nucleon as when a uranium nucleus splits. 80% of this energy is bound to the neutron, which, as a neutral particle, can leave the magnetic cage unhindered. By braking the neutrons in the structural material and in the jacket of the plasma chamber, the so-called blanket, heat is generated, which is converted into electricity via a conventional steam cycle. The particle transfers kinetic energy through interaction with plasma particles and thus contributes to the heating of the plasma. Under certain physical conditions, this heating alone is sufficient to keep the plasma at operating temperature. This operating state is called “ignition”.

The world's largest systems based on the tokamak principle today are the Joint Eruopean Torus (JET) in Culham / Great Britain and ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) in France, which has been built since 2007 and will be completed around May 2043. The general goal is to experimentally confirm the theory of nuclear fusion and the feasibility of generating energy from the fusion reaction. JET has been in operation since 1983 and is now able to generate 17 MW of power for a short period of time, which corresponds to approximately 70% of the power used to heat the plasma. However, unfortunately it does not create a positive energy balance.

In parallel with the tokamak, which releases energy in long pulses, the “stellarator” line is being further developed, enabling continuous plasma operation. The Wendelstein 7X stellarator facility is currently being built in Greifswald under the direction of the Max Plank Institute for Plasma Physics.

Nuclear fusion is based on a reaction between two hydrogen isotopes, e.g. deuterium and tritium: 2H + 3H = 4He2 + n. This reaction releases energy, according to Albert Einstein's mass defect law. In order to start the fusion of the hydrogen nuclei into helium nuclei, the hydrogen gas will be heated to a temperature of over 100 million degrees Celsius (200 million degrees has already been reached). For comparison: The sun has a temperature of 5500 C on its surface and around 15,000,000 C inside. This creates a so-called plasma, a mixture of free hydrogen ions and free electrons.

A fusion reactor works with very small amounts of plasma, which consists of just 1g of hydrogen ions. The thermal energy of the hot 1 g hydrogen plasma is enough to heat and melt 100 kg of steel to 2000°C.

In order to be able to work with these high temperatures, the plasmas and their thermal radiation are captured in a vacuum using magnetic fields whose strength exceeds 100,000 times the earth's magnetic field. The extremely high temperature is necessary to compensate for the very low ion density (approx. 10 to the power of 14 ions/cm ³ ).

Most techniques involve high-energy neutrons. Since they cannot be forced onto a defined path by magnets, they hit the material surrounding the plasma and are responsible for its radiation. But you will used to produce the most commonly needed tritium with lithium.

In principle, one can distinguish between several techniques of nuclear fusion: induced inertial fusion, fusion with magnetic confinement, cold nuclear fusion, lattice confinement fusion, projectile fusion and fusion from particle accelerator technology.

The method of generating magnetic confinement fusion is used in many fusion reactors and is carried out in closed vacuum chambers. The gas, consisting of hydrogen, deuterium or tritium or combinations of these substances, is heated in this chamber to 50 to 400 million degrees and is then present as plasma, i.e. the gas is completely ionized. Magnetic fields force the plasma onto a path that prevents the plasma from touching the wall. A touch would instantly cool the plasma and fusion would be interrupted. Thermonuclear burning ultimately occurs at high temperatures.

• Durch die Schwierigkeiten beim Plasma-Einschluss und durch Verunreinigungen kommt es zu Energieverlusten. Durch Neutronenbeschuss wird das Reaktormaterial radioaktiv. Die extremen Bedingungen führen zu hohe Materialermüdung und damit zu hohen Kosten. Große gespeicherte Energiemengen in den Magnetfeldern und radioaktives Inventar stellen ein Gefahrenpotential dar. Der hohe Energiebedarf beim Betrieb durch die benötigte Heizung und Magnete (ca. 300 MW, was der Verbrauch einer mittleren Großstadt entspricht) rechtfertigt nicht mal Wiederholungen von solchen Versuche.

In general, the following problems arise with magnetic inclusion:

• Difficulties in plasma confinement and impurities lead to energy losses. The reactor material becomes radioactive through neutron bombardment. The extreme conditions lead to high material fatigue and therefore high costs. Large amounts of energy stored in the magnetic fields and radioactive inventory represent a potential danger. The high energy requirement for operation due to the required heating and magnets (approx. 300 MW, which corresponds to the consumption of a medium-sized city) does not even justify repeating such experiments.

When it comes to magnetic confinement, it is important to distinguish between three reactor types:

- Stellerators

Here, the reactor vessel, similar to the tokamak, is a ring-shaped tube, i.e. a torus. The plasma flows in a circle, being twisted by suitable magnetic fields in order to minimize radiation losses. These additional magnetic fields complicate the reactor's technology. The desired degree of inclusion, which corresponds to the product of pressure times time, is currently not achieved. However, the actuator is very interesting for the construction of an energy-supplying reactor because it is suitable for continuous operation.

- Tokamak

Tokamak is an abbreviation for the Russian name for toroid chamber in the magnetic field. The tokamak is a torus in which the plasma flows in a circle. A current is induced in the plasma via external coils, similar to a transformer. This current minimizes radiation losses so that no magnetic field is necessary to twist the plasma. In addition, the electricity in the plasma represents a heating method. Tokamaks are the closest we have come to the conditions for self-sustaining thermonuclear burning, but this may also be because the most intensive research is being carried out here. The main disadvantage of the tokamak is that it is not suitable for continuous operation, but must be regularly recharged with plasma, which also places extreme strain on the system.

- Mirror machines

The reactor vessel forms a straight tube. At the ends, the plasma is reflected in its flow direction by corresponding magnetic fields. Reflection at the end results in increased energy losses.

- MIGMA concept

In the MIGMA process, particles (e.g. deuterons and trions) are repeatedly brought into collision from a particle accelerator and fuse. With this concept, a fusion between protons and the boron-11 isotope is also possible. Four high-energy alpha particles (4He2+) are created. The special thing about this approach is that no radioactive and toxic tritium is required and no neutrons are produced, which are responsible for unwanted radioactivity. According to KfK, the main problem with this technology is the energy losses of the particles due to the resulting synchrotron radiation. Unfortunately, this technology, which some physicists consider to be ingenious, is ignored worldwide. Despite considerable initial successes over the 70 years, not enough funding has been made available for further development. The reason for this could be that this reaction does not produce high-energy neutrons, which lead to the very interesting byproduct, the fissile material.

- Induced inertial fusion

A mixture of deuterium and tritium is surrounded by a small spherical shell. These 1mm beads (pellets) are created in a vacuum using a high-energy laser or a Light or heavy ion beam bombarded. During the implosion caused in this way, the hydrogen mixture is compressed to one fiftieth of its volume. The extreme heating creates the fusion plasma. Simulations have shown that the thermonuclear energy output is typically a hundred times the laser energy. The main problem is the construction of the required short-wave high-energy lasers or accelerators. Furthermore, high-energy neutrons are also created here. The construction of an energy-generating reactor that would, for example, ignite ten pellets per second would be conceivable.

- Cold nuclear fusion

The reaction was predicted from theoretical considerations in the 1940s by F. Frank and Andrej D. Sakharov and 10 years later, by chance, it was “proven” experimentally by Luis W. Alvarez. With cold nuclear fusion or muon-catalyzed cold nuclear fusion, the high temperatures and huge experimental setups can be avoided. Cold nuclear fusion takes place at temperatures from 13 to over 1000 Kelvin in solid, liquid or gaseous media. The reaction can be carried out in a simple chamber filled with tritium and deuterium. To do this, negative muons are allowed to penetrate the chamber. The muons create tight bonds between the hydrogen molecules through special collision processes. The muonically bound nuclei fuse and energy is released in the form of heat. The muons are released again and can catalyze further fusions under certain conditions. Muons can be created artificially using particle accelerators. In order for a muon to catalyze multiple nuclear fusions, high energies are required for its generation. So much for the theory. However, implementation in practice has not yet been successfully completed and there are at least no economically functioning reactors.

The chemists Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons also worked on cold fusion and announced at a press conference on March 23, 1989 that they had built and successfully tested a cold fusion reactor. However, this technical miracle has not been confirmed. The two chemists were also unable to demonstrate any excess heat in the built reactor in front of witnesses. Cold fusion is currently only of interest for basic research. To date, there is no reproducible experimental setup with a positive energy balance.

The major technical challenge that has to be overcome in nuclear fusion is the energy balance. Unfortunately, more energy is required to make the reaction occur than energy is released later.

The world's largest fusion reactor, ITER, is currently being built in southern France. Tokamak technology is used here. Commissioning is scheduled for around 2025. It is a gigantic construction project that is extremely expensive. Above all, the economic viability is questionable.

There are increasing considerations and numerous experimental attempts to start fusion with significantly less energy. Proponents highlight the advantages: safer, smaller and more stable reactors. Such processes and reactors are often called cold fusion machines or cold fusion reactors. As already described, special catalysts are used there that are intended to enable deuterium and tritium (both hydrogen isotopes) to fuse. However, despite efforts (and some misinterpretations, such as that of Fleischmann and Pons) by scientists worldwide, not a single truly functioning reactor has yet been built. A reproduction of the results was also not successful. Unfortunately, the problem lies in the theoretical approaches and the implementation methods. Despite sometimes remarkable performance and great catalytic effects of the catalysts, it is not so easy to avoid the necessary start-up energy that nuclear fusion requires. Nevertheless, cold fusion with the right equipment and precise adjustment of the components could also work. However, this requires different materials and a completely different construction than those previously used in test facilities.

Numerous attempts are also known to produce sono-luminescence in a liquid (e.g. water or acetone) using ultrasound. These processes are already known from the beginning of the 20th century. Using ultrasound, you can actually create cavitation bubbles in liquid, which then collapse quite quickly, sending out flashes of light. These flashes of light can be observed directly or captured by high-speed cameras. The approximately 0.2mm large bubbles collapse at a speed of approximately 30m/s. There are numerous claims that such procedures can create a kind of sono-fusion. Unfortunately there is no scientific evidence for this.

Building a fusion reactor that works in a controlled manner and delivers more energy than it consumes is a very important task for scientists and researchers today. The US Navy is also making attempts in this direction. A rather utopian and abstractly formulated patent, which appeared in 2019 and comes from their scientists shows that they are interested in the matter. However, the patent document does not show a functioning fusion reactor.

In order to get fusion processes going, ideas were put forward decades ago to shoot ultra-fast projectiles at targets that were filled with deuterium and tritium. Such projectiles that impact a target at high speed have been used for several years. In recent years, experiments have been carried out with the collision of disks, which are accelerated to up to approx. 6 km/s by gas pressure tubes or cannons, which are placed on a cube-shaped target with an edge length of approx. 1 cm, which has two chambers each with deuterium and tritium , bounce. A collision compresses the gases into a hot plasma, causing the atoms to partially fuse. In the first experiments, around 50 neutrons were generated per shot. If one were to optimize the shape of the target and no longer use the targets in cube shape, but rather a pyramidal construction with 16 edges and a ratio of 1:1.24, in which one would use a 4-chamber construction with asymmetrical, pairwise 83° -Arrangement, the neutron emission can be increased significantly.

US20190295733A1 (Plasma Compression Fusion Device) describes a fusion reactor in which a concentrated plasma bubble surrounded by strong electromagnets is generated. The electromagnets rotate to create a stable field.

EP 0438724B1 describes a nuclear fusion reactor with a reaction zone, a magnetic field with magnetic flux lines surrounding the reaction zone that are convexly curved.

DE 102012025244A1 describes a fusion reactor in which petawatt laser devices are used to ignite solid-state nuclear fuel using picosecond laser pulses, with lateral reaction losses being avoided by the spherical geometry of the irradiated laser pulses.

DE 3913503A1 describes a method for carrying out warm nuclear fusion using catalytic elements to achieve a core meltdown.

DE 102007022302B4 describes a method for accelerating solids with the aim of causing a fusion reaction. Here, several beam emitters are used, each of which emits an energy beam on a solid body made of fusion material, which is then explosively vaporized and its parts are thereby accelerated.

Unfortunately, the state of the art does not present a solution for a fusion reactor that is intended to provide a positive energy balance.

The invention specified in claims 1 to 48 is based on the problem of creating a projectile weapon that is capable of causing nuclear fusion of fusion-capable, light atoms with a relatively low input energy level and thus producing a projectile from the Accelerate weapon barrel.

This problem is solved by projectile weapons with the features of claims 1 to 48. Advantageous developments of the device are specified in the subclaims.

• - Hohe Reichweite,
• - Energie-Erzeugung für den Abschuss aus primäre Energie-Quellen, die reichlich in Natur-Ressourcen vorhanden sind,
• - relativ kompakt gebaut und auch für mobile Militär-Kriegsgeräte einsetzbar,
• - keine Kontamination der Luft durch Treibmittel-Abgase (hier fehlen sie),
• - große Zerstörungskraft bei minimalem Gewicht der Projektile.

Advantages of the invention are:

• - Long range,
• - Energy generation for firing from primary energy sources that are abundant in natural resources,
• - relatively compact and can also be used for mobile military equipment,
• - no contamination of the air by propellant exhaust gases (they are missing here),
• - great destructive power with minimal weight of the projectiles.

• 1 eine Ausführung mit Elektromagnetspulen, die ein Piston beschleunigen und in eine Hochdruckkammer drücken,
• 2 eine Ausführung mit zwei Pistons und zwei Hochdruckkammer, die jeweils mit D²O und T²O gefüllt sind,
• 3 eine sehr einfache und kompakte Ausführung mit einer Schwungscheibe,
• 4 eine weitere kompakte Variante mit der rotierenden Schwungscheibe und zwei durch Zentrifugalkraft ausfahrbaren Klemmen auf der Perimeter-Fläche,
• 5 eine Ausführung mit zwei gegenläufig angeordnete Schwungscheiben,
• 6 eine Variante mit einer Brennkammer und Knallgas-Explosion,
• 7 Projektile mit Gefechtsköpfen ausgestattet, die auf ähnlicher Weise im Einschlagpunkt, eine Thermonukleare-Detonation im Gang setzen,
• 8 die Ausrichtung der Schwer-Wasser-Moleküle im elektrischem Feld,
• 9 die Montage der Waffe auf einem militärfahrzeug,
• 10den Kollisionspunkt der Fluidstrahlen,
• 11 eine Darstellung des Fluidstrahls.

Embodiments of the invention are based on 1 until 11 explained. Show it:

• 1 a version with electromagnetic coils that accelerate a piston and push it into a high-pressure chamber,
• 2 a version with two pistons and two high-pressure chambers, each filled with D ² O and T ² O,
• 3 a very simple and compact design with a flywheel,
• 4 another compact variant with the rotating flywheel and two clamps on the perimeter surface that can be extended by centrifugal force,
• 5 a version with two flywheels arranged in opposite directions,
• 6 a variant with a combustion chamber and oxyhydrogen explosion,
• 7 Projectiles equipped with warheads that similarly set off a thermonuclear detonation at the point of impact,
• 8th the alignment of the heavy water molecules in the electric field,
• 9 mounting the weapon on a military vehicle,
• 10den collision point of the fluid jets,
• 11 a representation of the fluid jet.

Instead of explosive substances, the invention uses a different type of propellant to accelerate the projectile. The projectile is not launched using conventional propellants, but rather the propellant force is released using nuclear fusion energy. The energy is not converted into electricity or other types of energy, but is used directly to power the projectile. The invention works using nuclear fusion energy, which builds up pressure in the gun barrel and greatly accelerates the projectile. The nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes requires highly accelerated fluid jets that collide with each other and use their kinetic energy to cause a small number of atoms to fuse. A fusion chamber is directly connected to the weapon barrel to transmit pressure and the pressure created by controlled nuclear fusion expands the remaining amount of atomized fluid and air inside extremely quickly and very strongly. This creates extremely high pressure in the weapon barrel (barrel) and drives the projectile with sufficient pressure energy to fire. What is new in the invention is the use of nuclear fusion energy as a propellant for firing projectiles from the weapon. In a further version of the weapon, the projectiles are also equipped with a nuclear fusion chamber, which causes a small thermonuclear detonation at the point of impact, which, although it releases a much lower explosive power compared to nuclear bombs, can still keep up with large conventional bombs.

Obtaining energy from matter through nuclear physics processes such as nuclear fission or nuclear fusion is nothing new. These processes have been taking place in nature/cosmos since the beginning of time. Every star is, so to speak, a nuclear reactor in which light elements fuse to form heavy ones, releasing enormous amounts of energy. Humanity has had the knowledge of how to create these processes artificially for over 75 years. Two important processes have been known since this time: nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. During nuclear fission, more energy is released than is possible through chemical processes. Nuclear fusion is a step higher in terms of energy release. At the very top of energy yield and release comes the process of matter annihilation. While in nuclear fusion around 3-5% of the matter is converted into energy (which is still a lot), in annihilation almost 100% of the matter is converted into energy and therefore the energy yield is highest here. Atoms of matter and antimatter meet each other and trigger the reaction.

The fusion reactor here is used as a high pressure generator for accelerating projectiles into a projectile weapon. The kinetic energy of high-speed fluid jets containing hydrogen isotopes that collide with each other is used to fuse the atomic nuclei. At the collision point of the fluid jets, a small number of the atoms of the hydrogen isotopes will fuse with one another and release an enormous amount of energy, which will heat the remaining amounts of the fluid in the form of fluid mist and air extremely quickly and cause them to expand explosively. This generates very high pressure values that can fire a projectile from a weapon barrel. Depending on the reactor design and performance, a projectile can have a significantly greater range than is possible with conventional propellants. To further increase the pressure, additional water can be injected into the reactor chamber through a nozzle. The water is also heated enormously and creates a pressure wave in a plasma state.

A few techniques are used to generate the liquid jets that do not consume a lot of energy and yet are very efficient in accelerating the liquid from a high-pressure chamber.

A relatively simple technique would be to generate high pressure using mass bodies that are lowered in free fall. The potential energy of a mass is converted into kinetic energy during free fall and this is used to generate high pressure. When a mass of almost non-deformable material hits a piston, it immediately releases an enormous amount of energy, which is transferred to the liquid and creates a very high pressure. However, this technology could only be used for stationary weapon systems. It is completely unsuitable for mobile weapon systems.

A largely more suitable technique for generating high pressure is to accelerate a piston 1 with the help of electromagnetic coils 3 and to press it into a high-pressure chamber 2. Because the pressure should not increase slowly but should be very high right from the start, you can accelerate a mass body 4 strongly using the electromagnet 3 and then let it impact against the piston 1 ( 1 ). In this case, the high kinetic energy of the mass body 4 is transferred directly into the high pressure chamber 2 to the fluid 5 there as a high pressure and thereby via two nozzles 6, which are connected to the high pressure through fluid lines 7 Pressure chamber are connected, generate two fluid jets 8 colliding against each other.

The high-pressure chamber 2, in which the piston 1 is installed, as well as the piston itself, are made of very hard material and can withstand quite high pressure values. Hardened steel probably wouldn't be enough, but titanium alloys or new carbon nanostructures would be well suited. The piston should be built as light and at the same time stable as possible. New materials or composites meet these requirements. In recent years, numerous new materials have been introduced that are harder than diamond. For example, graphene and carbine are included. Every year new materials are successfully tested and manufactured that are far harder than diamond. Exactly such materials are well needed here.

At the impact point/collision point 9 of the two liquid jets 8 (fluid jets), a nuclear fusion partially takes place, which is accompanied by an extremely bright flash and heat radiation (also neutron radiation when tritium is used). The reactor chamber 10 has a reflector 11 which concentrates the energy in the weapon barrel 12. The energy released is absorbed by the gas mixture into the reactor chamber, which leads to rapid expansion. The gas mixture in the reactor chamber 10 contains steam 13 from fluid jet residual material that has not fused and air 14. In addition, water can also be added to the reactor chamber. The water absorbs the neutrons and heats up quickly. This reactor chamber contents explode instantly due to the strong radiation coming from the fluid jet collision point 9, and a plasma 15 is created, which expands at high speed and penetrates the weapon barrel and advances the projectile 16. The projectile is pushed out of the barrel 12 at a high rate of acceleration and begins its journey towards its target.

The liquid jets/fluid jets 8 into the reactor chamber can be released again at short intervals. The process can be repeated quite quickly, but the wear on the components is enormous. The piston in particular wears out quickly, so it would need to be replaced after a few operations. That's why the piston is not installed enclosed, but simply inserted into the high-pressure chamber so that it can be easily removed and replaced with a new one. In addition, the outer part 17 of the piston, which is not inserted into the chamber, is shaped slightly wider so that it can withstand quite a lot of force. A guide ring or hollow cylinder outside the high-pressure chamber ensures that the linear movement is precisely maintained during this extremely fast stroke movement of the piston. The piston looks like a pin or bolt and has to be made of very hard material, otherwise it will be bent over, deformed or completely destroyed on the first try. Due to the electromagnetically accelerated mass body impact, the fluid jet becomes very fast right from the start and nuclear fusion can be partially initiated. It is enough for just a few billion atoms to fuse with each other per fluid jet to deliver enough energy that far exceeds the energy output of a conventional weapon.

1 shows an embodiment in which some electromagnetic coils 3 or electromagnets are installed, which press a piston 1 into the high-pressure chamber 2. The electromagnetic coil is fed with a very strong current, for example from one or more large capacitors 18, thereby generating a strong magnetic field. The magnetic field is generated in pulses, only lasts a total of approx. 0.0008s and is extremely strong. This impulse attracts the piston, which partly consists of a permanent magnet or iron on the outer area or has such a material on its piston rod 19, and moves it at lightning speed, whereby an enormously high pressure is exerted on the fluid in the high-pressure chamber. Here, strong and high-capacity capacitors are charged and then all the energy is passed into an electromagnetic coil, which generates an extremely strong magnetic field for only a very short time and sets the piston in motion in a flash, which then sends the fluid jets 8 over the high-pressure chamber and the nozzles 6 generated. Several electromagnetic coils or electromagnets can also be installed, which press the piston into the high-pressure chamber. The electromagnet coil only has a few turns, but they have a fairly strong wire. It is even better if superconductors are used for this. In this way, extremely strong electromagnetic fields can be generated, which can also be built up at lightning speed. It is very important that the fluid jets become very fast right from the start and that the impact of the fluid occurs at maximum speed. Unfortunately, the acceleration of a piston using electromagnets can only be achieved using very high currents. It is much easier to strongly accelerate a bolt (mass body) 4 using the electromagnet, which strikes against the piston, which then presses the fluid into the high-pressure chamber and is displaced through the nozzles. The piston travel is very short (a few millimeters), and a fast-moving bolt can drive it at maximum speed. The piston can be built from titanium alloy and is intended to be as light as possible. The kinetic energy of the bolt (approx. 50m/s fast) should be absorbed as completely or largely as possible by the liquid, which is strongly absorbed by Ver pushing out of the high pressure chamber, accelerates. This variant can also be built very compactly and has very good efficiency and performance. The piston is pushed down with an extremely high pressure force by the electromagnetic force and the fluid is pressed into the high-pressure chamber. The fluid consists of hydrogen isotopes and flows out in both fluid lines 7 at the same time. It is pressed outwards in the form of liquid jets/fluid jets 8. To generate the high current, as is usual in some particle accelerators, the energy from a rapidly rotating flywheel (this is electromagnetically braked abruptly and the electrical energy is released or generated in the coils) or capacitors can be used. The reactor would therefore have a fairly compact design and could also be used for mobile purposes. Instead of heavy/superheavy water, acetone or another liquid that has hydrogen isotopes instead of ^H2 can also be used. It is important that there are no air bubbles in the liquid. Theoretically, you can also place micro-hollow spheres or small micro-balloons with pure deuterium or a gas mixture of deuterium and tritium there, which can then be pressed extremely quickly using high pressure. When the liquid is forced through the piston, the bubbles or small elastic balloons with D ² + T ² shrink into the pressure chamber and travel outwards with the fluid jet, where they expand during the fluid jet collision and fusion occurs.

With the help of strong capacitors, considerable current pulses can be delivered to electromagnetic coils. Here, strong and high-capacity capacitors are charged and then all the energy is discharged into an electromagnetic coil with a few, very thick turns (or superconductors). The piston is partially located in the coil and when it becomes active, the coil fully retracts the piston. This puts the liquid in the high pressure chamber under strong pressure. The only problem here is the strength of the current and the acceleration of the piston. The piston must become fast immediately and it should not initially displace the liquid with low pressure. Fast rotating flywheels are also suitable for providing electricity. This method has been used for decades to generate pulsed current in research reactors. A massive flywheel is set into rapid rotation by an electric motor. The electromagnets underneath are only switched and absorb the induced energy when the piston is to be pressed. As soon as the maximum rotational speed of the flywheel has been reached, the electromagnets under the disk are switched on and the current induced by the disk is conducted into the electromagnetic coil of the piston using superconductor technology. This induced electrical energy is used for piston movement and liquid jet generation. The piston is then moved down with full force and the pressure is applied to the liquid. The piston acceleration is not as good as the version with the striking bolt, but here the wear is significantly less. An electronic control regulates the processes.

When deuterium atoms collide with one another with very high kinetic energy, fusion processes can occur. The calculations show that in order to overcome the Coulomb forces and achieve the fusion of two deuterium ions in the plasma state, they must collide with each other at approx. 300km/s. Achieving this speed in the form of fluid jets is not possible with today's means. With today's technology, fluid jets at speeds of up to approx. 20km/s are possible. However, for fusion, as is the purpose of this invention, fluid jet speeds of 5km/s and above are sufficient. First, there are no ions colliding with each other, but molecules of D ² O and T ² O, which are electrically neutral at the point of impact 9. Only when the chemical bond is destroyed does the atoms ionize. However, this is also compensated for by an influx of electrons from an electron beam emitter (electron beam guns, cathode beam tubes) 20 or electrodes. In addition, many groups of atoms catapult individual deuterium atoms largely above the speed of the fluid jet. Such atoms in a superfast kinetic state can fuse more easily if they collide with other deuterium atoms. This is also the reason why not all deuterium atoms fuse at the collision point, but a very small number of them. But that's enough to release great amounts of energy.

To increase the possibility of fusion or neutron release, two pistons and two high-pressure chambers can be installed, each filled with deuterium oxide (D ² O) and tritium oxide (T ² O) ( 2 ).

Another method is to electromagnetically accelerate a mass against the piston using a linearly arranged series electromagnet, which then hits the piston. This ensures that the energy of the mass is immediately transferred to the piston to avoid a slower increase in pressure into the high-pressure chamber. The linear movement and acceleration of the mass can be monitored and controlled using inductance sensors or optical light barriers and a controller.

A very simple and compact design can be achieved with the help of a flywheel 21 (due to imbalance during braking, it is better to have two of them), which is equipped with an electrically driven mechanism or actuator 22, which has a bolt or a lever (clamp) 23, installed in the flywheel , when the maximum speed is reached, lifts up from the disk parallel to its rotation axis direction 24 (so that no imbalance occurs) and then hits the piston when it reaches a rotational position and presses it strongly into the pressure chamber ( 3 ).

Another compact variant with the rotating flywheel can be equipped with two levers that can be extended by centrifugal force on the perimeter surface 25 of the disk ( 4 ) can be constructed. The levers are arranged diametrically for balance and because of two pistons and high-pressure chambers and their fluid channels. During rotation after reaching a maximum speed, they are electrically controlled by actuators, released and then hit the pistons (two pistons, each for one beam). Fluid jets are generated in this way.

The rapidly rotating flywheels are ideal for the compact design of the weapon. These are accelerated by electric motors 26 and then braked immediately in order to invest the rotational energy of the mass in hydraulic pressure. Braking is carried out by radial displacement of two levers, or by levers that can be moved parallel to the axis of rotation, which are coupled directly to the pistons and thus transfer the pressure of the flywheel directly to the pistons, which causes the braking and absorbs the energy there. Practically all of the rotational energy of the flywheel is instantly transferred to the piston and thus to the fluid jet. That's why the fluid jet comes out with such energy and high speed. When extending radially, in order to avoid imbalance, levers arranged radially opposite each other on the flywheel should always extend at the same time. In order to avoid strong vibrations in the reactor chamber caused by the abrupt braking of the flywheel (if the disk is too large, the entire weapon can be rotated around the disk rotation axis, which is not desirable in this case) or To neutralize this effect, two such flywheels should rotate in opposite directions on the same axis, with both being braked at the same time ( 5 ). The radial movement of the clamps 23 is caused by centrifugal force. Only two electrical actuators (triggers) 27 are necessary in order to no longer block the movement of the bolts 23 at a suitable time, so that they move out of the disk perimeter surface 25 and hit the pistons with the rotation of the disk, whereby the The flywheel is braked and all the disk rotation energy comes to the piston and the high-pressure chamber.

There are numerous other methods for quickly building up pressure on a fluid pressure chamber. To generate the pressure on the piston, an oxyhydrogen explosion or another explosive process can also be used optimally. A wider combustion chamber 28 is installed here, with the piston being a double piston 29 ( 6 ). It practically consists of two pistons that are linearly connected to each other or are built in one piece. The upper piston (or depending on the arrangement, also on the side), or the combustion chamber piston 30, has a wide working surface at the top (approx. 500cm ² ), which is located in the combustion chamber, while the lower piston (the high-pressure chamber piston 31) has a very small work surface (with a diameter of 5 -10mm) that flows into the high pressure chamber. An explosive or, even better, oxyhydrogen 32 is passed into the combustion chamber and is ignited by an electronic control 33, high-voltage source 34 and electrodes 35. The oxyhydrogen ignition pushes the combustion chamber piston downwards by approx. 5mm and because it is connected to the high-pressure chamber piston and forms a unit, it simultaneously creates pressure on the liquid. Due to the different piston surfaces, the pressure in the high-pressure chamber arrives at a very high ratio (approx. 2500:1). Although the expansion speed due to the explosion is very high, there may be slight delays when accelerating the piston. Every mass has an inertia and it takes a few fractions of a millisecond to overcome it. That is why a 35cm long fluid jet from a 3mm nozzle 6 is only emitted at maximum speed after approx. a few cm. Thus, nuclear fusion would not take place immediately with the first atoms colliding with one another, but with the subsequent ones, which begin from 5cm of the first area of the fluid jets, and would therefore take place somewhat delayed. The system can be installed, for example, in heavy weapon systems or in portable weapons, which therefore require an extremely long range (over 20 km). The amount of oxyhydrogen that explodes into the combustion chamber only serves to generate the high-velocity fluid jets 8 and is not sufficient to accelerate a heavy projectile. However, it is sufficient to accelerate a few milliliters of heavy water up to 9km/s. Only through partial fusion of the atoms located there in the fluid jet collision point is a considerable amount of energy released, which can achieve an extremely rapid expansion of the unfused amount of fluid and channel the pressure in the weapon barrel and there to accelerate a projectile with a mass of 5-20kg to a few thousand m/s. The projectiles for this weapon no longer require conventional propellant, which significantly reduces the overall weight of the ammunition. This means that a tank, for example, can carry at least 20 - 30% more ammunition, and the firing range can also be increased. The cartridge case and the propellant are no longer necessary here.

The system is particularly interesting and well suited for warships. The entire infrastructure that is optimal for the operation and installation of such a weapon system is available there. The warships' very large cannons fire projectiles weighing several hundred kilograms, requiring quite a lot of explosive propellant. The weapon system from the invention here can be used optimally there. In addition, the projectiles can also be equipped with warheads that, in a similar way, initiate nuclear fusion at the point of impact and thereby release a large amount of destructive energy. For this, the warhead (or projectile) 16 would also have to have a high pressure chamber with a few ml of D ² O, which is equipped with a piston 1 at the back, which is coupled to a mass body 4 and presses on it with a weight of a few kg as soon as the tip of the warhead hits a hard target 37 and is quickly braked. The high-pressure chamber is placed here at the very front, with the piston installed behind the high-pressure chamber ( 7 ). The working path and direction of movement of the piston lies along the longitudinal axis 36 of the projectile. As soon as the projectile hits a target 37, the abrupt braking causes the high-pressure chamber 2 to almost stand still for a few ms, while the piston 1 continues to move forward due to inertia, thereby exerting an enormously high pressure on the fluid in the high-pressure chamber effects. Two extremely fast fluid jets 8 are generated, which cause a small number of atoms to fuse at the collision point 9. In order to increase the impact force of the piston, a small explosive charge 47 can be placed behind the mass body 4, which explodes immediately using an automatic detonator 48 as soon as the projectile hits the target. This can easily be determined with the help of an acceleration sensor 49 on the projectile itself. Of course, the entire construction and the elements are completely destroyed. Before the nuclear fusion energy completely destroys the structure, the piston will also blow the high-pressure chamber apart after a few milliseconds. But the extremely short time, which is just a few milliseconds, which is caused by the hard construction of the components and, above all, by the inertia of these parts, is enough to start nuclear fusion. From then on, the projectile is just a rapidly expanding metal vapor bubble that destroys everything in its path within a small or medium radius. The detonation force of this weapon system is not very great and cannot be compared with a nuclear weapon explosion. You can't even consider it a mini-atomic bomb, but rather a micro-atomic bomb that can possibly reach a maximum radius of a few hundred meters.

The fluid jets, both in the fusion reactor for projectile launch and in the warhead 38 of the projectile therein, will collide with each other at a very short distance after emerging from the nozzles. The fluid jet length can be approx. 3 - 20cm. In the projectile, the distance between the nozzles can be just a few mm. Nothing more is necessary. In the invention, the liquid jet/fluid jet length means the length of the liquid jet coming out of the nozzle, which would move unhindered into the air (or in a vacuum). Here the liquid jet is only a few cm long because it collides against the other liquid jet. If there is enough fluid in the high pressure chamber, eg 5ml, the jet continues to flow with replenishment until the 35cm liquid jet length is completely used up. The amount of energy released is significantly higher in the projectile warhead than in the projectile launch fusion chamber. With the same structure and portioning, the two nozzles, each 3mm Ø (approx. 7mm ² ), will release the 5ml amount of fluid in two fluid jets with a total length of 70cm within 0.00008s into the firing fusion chamber. which results in a fluid jet speed of approximately 8.7km/s per jet. This will cause small proportions of deuterium atoms to fuse. In the warhead at a flight speed of 1.5km/s, however, 0.0000052s are required to displace the 5ml from the high-pressure chamber with a piston movement of 8mm travel. As a result, at least the first few cm of the fluid jet will collide with each other at 134km/s. Of course, the high-pressure chamber cannot withstand this pressure and is blown up in milliseconds, but due to the inertia of the sturdily built high-pressure chamber walls alone, a few fractions of a milliliter still come together at almost this speed. This brings about nuclear fusion, in which significantly more hydrogen isotopes fuse with each other. This increases the explosive power enormously and can reach an explosive force of several hundred to over 1 thousand kg of TNT. Although this explosive power can easily be achieved using conventional means, the method here makes the projectiles much smaller and lighter, which reflects the launcher size and compactness of the weapon system.

What is very important in the invention is that the pressure on the liquid is very high right from the start, from the first fraction of a millisecond, and does not increase slowly. For this reason, in compact weapon systems, the method of projectile firing is preferred with a mass that is accelerated by the oxyhydrogen ignition, which then hits the piston with full force. In this case, the liquid jets would emerge from the high-pressure chamber relatively quickly and at maximum speed and would collide. For this reason, a very small amount of the liquid used to generate the jets is accelerated so that it can fully utilize the kinetic energy.

The liquid jets with deuterium and tritium atoms in them (in the molecular state or with “dissolved” atoms of the two hydrogen isotopes) bring a small number of these atoms to nuclear fusion. The energy of the liquid jets alone would not be quite enough to achieve effective nuclear fusion operate, but here it must be taken into account that the circumstances and chances of causing the fusion-capable atoms to fuse are much greater than in other types of fusion reactors. Here almost all atoms of a fluid jet collide with the atoms of the jet opposite! The number of collisions is extreme high, which inevitably leads to partial fusion. Every time an atomic fusion takes place, parts of the atom groups from the explosion center are accelerated at an even higher speed against further atoms of the two fluid jets that are constantly flowing with replenishment, which again increases the chances of fusion. The fluid jets are disturbed for a few nanoseconds after each atomic fusion at the collision point, but this has a positive effect and dramatically increases the number of new fusion events. It looks as if the two jets of water mixture would burn up at the collision point and the molecules and atoms there would make a large number of jumps towards the collision point. Deuterium atoms will collide with tritium atoms and their fusion will occur. When using only a high-pressure chamber with mixed liquid (D ² O + T ² O), the neutron emission is slightly lower because there is a high percentage of collisions between the same atoms. If a higher neutron emission is desired, it is suggested to use two separate high-pressure chambers in which deuterium and tritium are located separately, but which are simultaneously brought under high pressure. In this case, one can safely assume that tritium and deuterium always collide with each other. In contrast to ion collisions in an extremely thin plasma, the atoms here have hardly any escape options. Above all, the inertia of the liquid contributes a lot to the fact that the atoms from the molecular structure, which are on the central line of the beam axis, necessarily collide with each other. In the molecular or atomic state, the atoms are not ionized and therefore the Coulomb forces are significantly weaker than in highly heated plasma. In addition, you can install an electron emitter 20 that emits excess electrons at the collision point of the fluid jets, which neutralize the positive ions. Here, too, the atoms and molecules are heated during the collision, but then there is hardly any time to avoid each other. The outer beam layer 39 (jacket), which represents the last approximately 0.03 mm in cross section (depending on the beam cross section and beam speed), viewed from the center 40 of the beam cross section (0.2 mm), acts like a jacket 39 ( 11 ), which prevents the molecules / atoms in the middle of the fluid jet from being thrown away, at least for a very short time. This very short time is enough to cause some of the atoms to undergo nuclear fusion. Once ignited, a chain reaction can be set in motion, which, because supplies of atoms always come to the collision point with the beams, continues until the beam is used up. Unfortunately, the entire energy generation process only takes a very short time. A liquid jet with a length of 1.5m will be completely consumed within 0.0003s at a speed of 5km/s. After 0.3ms the fusion stops, but it can be repeated within a short time. Above all, with each fusion process, more energy is generated than is consumed for initiation. This ensures the positive balance of this reactor, which makes commercial use attractive.

It goes without saying that with the help of electrostatic fields in the vicinity of the collision point, which are created by voltage generators 41 and electrodes 42 that are set up at the collision point of the fluid jets, the probability of nuclear fusion is significantly increased and other technical aids and devices also facilitate the fusion. Optimize processes, but overall the system is much simpler than conventional test facilities and systems.

Projectiles with a fusion device inside can also be used with conventional weapons. The kinetic energy of a howitzer or tank projectile is high enough to cause a fusion of deuterium and/or tritium at the point of impact, but successful fusion depends very much on how and what the projectile hits. The softer the object the projectile hits, the lower the chances of fusion.

The fluid jets that collide with each other continue to spread out from the collision point in a circular shape 43 ( 10 ). They can collide at 180° or at a smaller angle, for example at 170°. For a better fusion yield, the molecules in the liquid jets should be oriented by a strong electric field pulse immediately after they emerge from the nozzles. The molecules of D ² O (45) and T ² O (46) are like water, electric dipoles can be oriented by strong electric fields so that their collision is optimal ( 8th ). The heavy or superheavy water (D ² O and T ² O), for example, can orient itself on it through the rotation of the water molecules through the electric field. The water molecules can rotate at a maximum of 20GHz because they have inertia. With heavy and super-heavy water, the rotation time is even longer due to the increased density and inertia and therefore the maximum frequency is slightly below 20GHz (approx. 17GHz). Above 17GHz the molecules are no longer addressed by orientation polarization but only by displacement polarization. Electromagnetic radiation at around 17GHz could cause rotational polarization or at over 20GHz a displacement polarization, but the collision point would have to be determined extremely precisely. That's why the electrostatic fields are ideal here. The electrostatic fields orient the deuterium oxide and tritium oxide molecules and thereby align the bond angles of the deuterium / tritium atoms in the D ² O and T ² O molecules so that the largest possible number of molecules that collide with each other are on the Collision side, where the hydrogen isotope atom is anchored, is located. This means that mainly the deuterium and tritium atoms collide with each other, whereby the oxygen atoms are blasted out of the chemical bond. This destroys the molecular bond and immediately leads to fusion. This increases the efficiency of nuclear fusion somewhat. In this case, nothing is left to chance, but rather due to the dipolarity properties of the molecules, they collide with each other in an optimally aligned manner.

The collision energy of the rays is extremely high, so that the liquid at the point of impact is heated extremely quickly and to a high degree, whereby the molecules and some atoms are broken down into components and fly apart at an even higher speed. Many of the atoms and molecules will fly almost radially away from the beam axis. The nuclear fusion processes described here in the invention may also take place in nature in a different embodiment. I'm sure something similar happens with asteroid collisions. Even if large meteorites, especially asteroids, fall on a planet with no or very thin atmosphere, an additional amount of energy is released through nuclear fusion, at least on the impact surface of the meteorite/asteroid. This can result in the scratch created by a meteorite being slightly larger than could be created by kinetic energy alone. Observation of asteroid collisions shows that at the time of collision, ultra-short flashes are generated, which may be an indication that nuclear fusion of a small group of atoms may be occurring at the collision point. Of course, the lightning is generated primarily because of the rapid increase in temperature upon impact, but nuclear fusion also makes a small contribution. There, if the rocks collide with each other too quickly (at 30 - 120km/s), the kinetic energy will help some groups of atoms on the impact surface fuse with each other, thereby slightly increasing the energy released. This also increases the ultra-short flashes. It may only be a very small amount of the material that fuses (between microgram and milligram range, depending on the asteroid size), but still. The meteorites that hit Earth are usually small and are slowed down so much by the atmosphere that almost no nuclear fusion processes occur upon impact. From a diameter of 30m, with hard space bodies (e.g. those with a high iron content) that are compact and do not burn up in the atmosphere, something like this can happen upon impact or when entering the atmosphere through collision with air molecules. Occasionally, the hydrogen atoms in the atmosphere can fuse on the front surface of the rock when they enter the rock when they collide at extremely high speeds.

The reactor and thus also the weapon can be ready for use again relatively quickly after each process. In the variant with the mass striking by oxyhydrogen ignition, the reactor is ready every time the combustion chamber is filled with oxyhydrogen and the piston is brought into the starting position by a return spring.

The compact version (from the 5 ) with two counter-rotating flywheels installed on the same axis of rotation 24 can also be designed for portable weapons. The two disks 21 are accelerated together, but also braked/stopped at the same time in order to direct their kinetic rotational energy in the form of high pressure generation to the liquid in the high pressure chambers. Braking is carried out by clamps or bolts 23 that can be extended electrically in a flash, which move out of the flywheels and then collide with the pistons of the high-pressure chambers after half the rotation. All the flywheel torque becomes used to push the pistons into the high pressure chamber. The terminals are moved out electrically, using actuators and precisely controlled by a controller. Four high-pressure chambers and four pistons are installed here. Four liquid jets are also generated, which collide with each other in pairs. The collision points are deliberately placed very close to one another, so that the spreading liquid circular surfaces 43 also collide with one another. Because there are no external forces when accelerating or immediately braking the flywheels, this method is ideal for compact weapon systems in military vehicles 44 ( 9 ). Because the flywheels are rotated in opposite directions, they do not produce any significant vibrations on the axle and its axle bearing holder or nuclear reactor chamber, both during acceleration and increasing speed as well as during abrupt braking. The flywheels can have relatively compact dimensions. The method with parallel flywheels that rotate quickly in opposite directions is very efficient and allows a compact reactor design. If these each weigh 2kg, have a diameter of 50cm and rotate at 9,000 rpm, then they come to 150 rpm, which, with a perimeter of 157cm, gives a speed of the points on the perimeter of 235m/s. Braking this flywheel within 24mm (the distance based on a point in the perimeter) only takes 0.0002s. During this time, the four pistons are each pushed into the high-pressure chambers and the liquid is displaced there. The liquid jets are released in pairs and almost diametrically (slightly offset) from each other, with the collision points on a line located near the axis of rotation. If the flywheels are arranged horizontally with a vertical axis of rotation, then the pistons and the high-pressure chambers are installed statically between the two flywheels. The nozzles are installed further close to each other and the liquid jets meet in two collision points that are close to each other. It should be noted that the liquid jets that collide in pairs each transport the appropriate hydrogen isotopes. If the jet A comes from the high-pressure chamber A1, then there should be deuterium atoms in the high-pressure chamber A1, which come out with the liquid jet A, while in the jet B and high-pressure chamber B1, there should be tritium atoms. The same applies to jet C and high-pressure chamber C1, as well as D and D1. If possible, the liquid jets should run parallel in pairs and the two collision points should be very close to each other. At the collision point, two liquid circles 43 are created, which consist of the residual liquid, which also collide with one another at an area/sector of the circle, which slightly increases the fusion efficiency again. The liquid jets colliding against each other should not necessarily be on a line, but rather they can be at an angle that is slightly smaller than 180° (e.g. 160 - 178°) on the collision journey to each other. Maximum impact and collision force is achieved under 180°. The smaller the angle, the lower the collision speed against each other and thus the chances of nuclear fusion decrease.

REFERENCE SYMBOL LIST:

1.

Piston

2.

High pressure chamber

3.

Electromagnetic coils

4.

Bolt/mass body

5.

Fluid

6.

nozzles

7.

Fluid lines

8th.

Fluid jets Fluid jets

9.

Impact point/collision point

10.

Reactor chamber

11.

reflector

12.

Gun barrel

13.

Vapor from fluid jet residues

14.

Air

15.

plasma

16.

projectile

17.

The outer part of the piston

18.

Capacitors

19.

Piston rod

20.

Electron beam emitter / cathode ray tube

21.

flywheel

22.

Mechanism or actuator

23.

Bolt, lever, wedge, clamp

24.

Rotation axis direction / axis of rotation

25.

Perimeter area

26.

Electric motors

27.

Electric actuators (triggers)

28.

Wider combustion chamber

29.

Double Piston

30.

Combustion chamber piston

31.

High pressure chamber piston

32.

Oxyhydrogen

33.

Electronic control

34.

High voltage source

35.

Electrodes

36.

Longitudinal axis of the projectile

37.

Goal

38.

warhead

39.

Outer fluid jet layer

40.

Center of the beam cross section

41.

Voltage generator

42,

Electrodes

43.

Spreading liquid circular surfaces

44.

Military vehicles

45.

^D2O

46. T

² O

47.

explosive charge

48.

Igniter, trigger

49.

Accelerometer

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 20190295733 A1 [0036]
• EP 0438724 B1 [0037]
• DE 102012025244 A1 [0038]
• DE 3913503 A1 [0039]
• DE 102007022302 B4 [0040]

Claims (48)

Projectile weapon, characterized in that it is equipped with a projectile firing system that does not require conventional projectile propellants or conventional explosives, which consists of at least - a high-pressure chamber that is filled with a fluid containing hydrogen -contains isotopes or consists of hydrogen isotopes, - two high-pressure fluid jet nozzles, which are coupled to the high-pressure chamber, which emit sharp, high-speed fluid jets which are directed at a distance from one another and which shoot against one another, the Fluid jet collision/collision point occurs at a distance from the nozzles and the angle of both fluid jets is 180° or less, - a fluid high-pressure generator that can generate a very high pressure into the high-pressure chamber and which removes the fluid from the high-pressure chamber can displace in a flash and can generate fluid jets with very high energy and speed, - a fusion reactor chamber in which the mutually directed nozzles are attached and in which the fluid-jet collision point is located, in which the fusion Reaction takes place, which is connected to the weapon barrel in a pressure-transmitting manner, in which a projectile is located that is accelerated by pressure into the fusion reactor chamber - a control system that controls the high-speed fluid jet generation exists. Projectile weapon, consisting of at least: - two high-pressure chambers, each filled with deuterium oxide and tritium oxide or with deuterium and tritium in liquid form, - two high pressure fluid jet nozzles emitting sharp, high speed fluid jets, each coupled to the high pressure chambers spaced apart, directed towards each other and firing towards each other, with the fluid jet collision/collision point at a distance of takes place in the nozzles and the angle of both fluid jets hitting one another is 180° or less, - a fluid high-pressure generator that can simultaneously generate a very high pressure in both high-pressure chambers and that can quickly displace the fluid from the two high-pressure chambers and thereby generate fluid jets with very high energy and speed, - a fusion reactor chamber that is directly connected to the weapon barrel, in which the mutually directed nozzles are mounted and in which the fluid jet collision and the associated fusion reaction take place, - a control system that controls the high-speed jet generation. Projectile weapon Patent claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the fluid high-pressure generator is a special high-pressure pump system consisting of at least: - a high-pressure chamber which has massive walls made of very hard material in which the fluid is located, - a very stable piston, which is installed in the high-pressure chamber, which is provided with a stable outer part or whose other end is located outside the chamber, - two fluid lines that lead the fluid from the high-pressure chamber to the mutually directed nozzles, - an electromagnetic coil that is operated by a magnetic field the piston accelerates directly or a mass body impacts the piston and the pressure on the fluid in the high-pressure chamber builds up in a flash. Projectile weapon Patent claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the fluid high-pressure generator has two pistons that are firmly connected to one another, which are arranged in parallel and are inserted into the high-pressure chambers. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid consists of pure deuterium oxide or a mixture of deuterium oxide and tritium oxide or deuterium and tritium in liquid form. Projectile weapon based on one of the Patent claims 3 until 5 , characterized in that the outer part of the piston is equipped with a shock absorber or a restoring device or spring, which, after the heavy fall body pushes the piston down and has reached an end position, pushes it back up again. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid high-pressure generator is a special high-pressure pump system consisting of at least: - a combustion chamber with very stable walls in which an explosive gas or gas mixture is injected by an injector, - a high-pressure chamber, which has massive walls made of very hard material, in which the fluid for fusion-reaction purposes is located, which is built directly under the combustion chamber, - a linear and firmly connected double piston, the first piston of which is a larger Has a working surface and is mounted in the combustion chamber and the second piston with a smaller working surface is inserted into the high-pressure chamber, the piston bodies being made of very stable material and moving in a common axis, - an electrical ignition system consisting of a high-voltage generator and Electrodes installed in the combustion chamber for the ignition of the gas or gas mixture located there, - two fluid lines that are coupled to the mutually directed nozzles, which direct the fluid from the high pressure chamber to the nozzles when high pressure is reached, - a reset -System or a return spring or one or more permanent magnets that bring the piston into the starting position through magnetic field interaction as soon as the high pressure in the combustion chamber decreases. Projectile weapon Patent claim 7 , characterized in that two identical high-pressure chambers are installed, in each of which a piston with a small working surface is installed, which are firmly connected to the first piston from the combustion chamber and which, through the force of the piston from the combustion chamber, each exert a pressure on the fluid in the two high-pressure chambers, with deuterium oxide and tritium oxide being located in the two high-pressure chambers, as well as two fluid lines, which are each connected to the high-pressure chambers, which direct the fluid under high pressure to the respective nozzles. Projectile weapon Patent claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the gas is an oxyhydrogen. Projectile weapon based on one of the Patent claims 7 until 9 , characterized in that the piston or the piston rod has an iron part or ferromagnet part and an electromagnetic coil is installed, which, via an electrical control, pushes the piston downwards without contact using electromagnetic force at exactly the time the combustion gas is ignited, and thus causing an increase in force. Projectile weapon based on one of the Patent claims 7 until 10 , characterized in that the high-pressure generator is a special high-pressure pump system consisting of at least: - a high-pressure chamber with very stable walls, in which there is a long cylinder in the form of a piston made of stable material, which is vertically movable into the high-pressure chamber , - a mass body that can be moved quickly electromagnetically or pyrotechnically by expanding an explosive medium, which is thereby accelerated and impacts on the piston and thereby exerts a pressure force on it, - a guide mechanism that guides the moving mass body until it impacts on the piston, - a Fluid that is located in the high-pressure chamber, which consists of hydrogen isotopes or deuterium oxide, - two fluid lines that open into the high-pressure chamber, which conduct the fluid during the pressing process through the piston outside the high-pressure chamber, which is on the outside End are built nozzle-shaped or are equipped with nozzles, each of which emits a jet of fluid that is directed at one point to meet one another. Projectile weapon Patent claim 11 , characterized in that instead of one high-pressure chamber, two such chambers are installed, each with a piston in it, each of which is filled with heavy and super-heavy water, the two fluids being displaced simultaneously from the two high-pressure chambers and being released against each other in the form of two liquid jets and At the collision point, the atoms of deuterium and, or tritium, bring about nuclear fusion. Projectile weapon Patent claim 11 , characterized in that the mass body is a solid cylinder or a sphere. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper region of the piston has a disk made of a very hard material. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston and its components and/or the high-pressure chamber consist of titanium alloys or carbine. Projectile weapon Patent claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the high-pressure generator has a special high-pressure pump system consisting of at least: - an electrically driven flywheel, which is coupled to a power transmission system that abruptly brakes the flywheel and releases its kinetic energy to a piston that produces a pressure into a high-pressure chamber on a fluid that has fusionable elements, thereby generating two fluid jets at the same time, which collide with each other and at the collision point a small number of them fuse with each other and release nuclear fusion energy. Projectile weapon Patent claim 16 , characterized in that the force transmission The supply system consists of electrically controllable actuators. Projectile weapon Patent claim 16 or 17 , characterized in that the piston is non-positively coupled to a diametrically arranged lever mounted on the same axis as the rotating disk. Projectile weapon Patent claim 18 , characterized in that an electromagnetically driven brake system is installed in the axis of the lever, which, when activated, connects the diametrically arranged lever and the rotating disk to one another in a force-fitting manner. Projectile weapon based on one of the Patent claims 17 until 19 , characterized in that the reaction time of the actuator, which creates a frictional connection between the rotating disk and the lever, is less than 1ms. Projectile weapon based on one of the Patent claims 16 until 20 , characterized in that the flywheel consists of a permanent magnet or is equipped with a permanent magnet and one or more electromagnets are installed in the immediate vicinity, which generate electricity through magnetic field induction, as well as a circuit that converts the rotational energy of the rotating flywheel into electrical current when switched converted and which is immediately available to an electromagnet that electromagnetically advances the piston to generate the fluid jets. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid jets consist of liquid deuterium or tritium. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid jets do not meet in a straight line, but at an angle slightly smaller than 180°. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has at least one microwave emitter which emits its microwave energy in the fluid jets or in the fluid jet collision point. Projectile weapon Patent claim 24 , characterized in that the microwave emitter generates microwave frequency at a frequency that is in vibrational resonance with the molecules in the fluid jets. Projectile weapon Patent claim 24 or 25 , characterized in that the microwave radiators are arranged in such a way that their microwaves penetrate in the form of two bundled directional beams into the longitudinal axes of the respective fluid jets and, like the fluid jets, also meet at the same point. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with two coherent microwave emitters, which are installed offset from a common axis and both irradiate the fluid jet collision point at an angle which is less than 180 °. Projectile weapon based on one of the Patent claims 24 until 27 , characterized in that the frequency and/or the intensity of the microwaves is adjustable. Projectile weapon Patent claim 27 or 28 , characterized in that the distance of the microwave radiators to the fluid jet collision point can be adjusted so that the phases of the microwaves in the collision point arrange the molecules of heavy and superheavy water in such a way that they arrive at the collision point with their hydrogen isotopes. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one high-voltage generator which emits an electrical discharge in the fluid jet collision point through electrodes. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two fluid jets impacting one another are under high voltage and are electrified differently. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid jets are provided with an additive or an acid or another liquid which increases the electrical conductivity of the fluid. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid of the fluid jets contains or forms an electrolyte. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reactor chamber with at least one laser emitter, which is focused with its laser beam in the fluid jet collision point and with which emits a laser beam of high intensity. Projectile weapon Claim 34 , characterized in that the laser beam is deflected so that it penetrates in the beam direction in each fluid jet and travels with the fluid jets to the fluid jet collision point. Projectile weapon Claim 34 or 35 , characterized in that the laser emitter is a high-energy IR or UV or a visible emitting laser beam source. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one X-ray emitter which focuses in the fluid jet collision point and emits an X-ray with high intensity. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid consists of water or heavy water with hydrogen isotopes dissolved therein. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fusion reactor has a high-voltage generator which electrically charges the fluid jets. Projectile weapon Patent claim 39 , characterized in that the fluid jets come into contact with high-voltage electrodes and are thereby electrically charged differently. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the walls of the reactor do not conduct electricity or are at least partially isolated from one another. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with a computer-controlled target search and detection function. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with a suction system which removes gases generated in the reactor chamber. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that in the upper region of the high-pressure chambers, at least one liquid line opens out, which leads the fluid with hydrogen isotopes into the high-pressure chamber, are installed. Projectile weapon consisting of at least: - four statically installed high-pressure chambers, each filled in pairs with a fluid containing hydrogen isotopes that are suitable for nuclear fusion in the event of a rapid collision, which are arranged in pairs diametrically in a circle, - a fluid high-pressure generator that can generate a very high pressure in the high-pressure chambers, consisting of at least - two oppositely electrically rotatable flywheels, which are installed on the same axis of rotation, the radius of which is similar to or larger than that of the circle that determines the arrangement of the high-pressure chambers - two striking parts or clamps or wedges or bolts arranged diametrically on the flywheels, which are installed in the periphery of the flywheels, which are electrically controlled by built-in electric actuators in the flywheels in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the flywheels the flywheels can be moved out, - an electronic control that precisely determines the time for moving out the striking parts, wedges or bolts and emits the execution signal, - a rotational position detection system for recording the current position of the striking parts, wedges or bolts during the rotation of the Flywheels, - two drive systems for the respective flywheels or a drive that rotates the two flywheels synchronously and in opposite directions at the same speed, - two pairs of pistons, some of which are inserted into the statically installed, stable high-pressure chambers, the direction of movement of which is perpendicular to the Axis of rotation of the flywheel and parallel to the flywheel, which are arranged radially in pairs to the flywheels, which, when the striking parts, wedges or bolts move out of the flywheels, when reaching a rotational position, enter the high-pressure chamber at the rotational speed of the flywheels are pushed in by the torque of the flywheels and on which the fluids in the high-pressure chambers increase the pressure in a flash, displacing the fluids from the high-pressure chambers with full force and thereby generating fluid jets with very high energy and speed, - four high-pressure fluid jet nozzles, which are coupled to the high pressure chambers which emit sharp, high speed fluid jets which are directed at a short distance from one another, in pairs and which shoot towards one another, the fluid jets being hydrogen Containing isotopes that lead to core meltdown if there is sufficient speed and collision with one another, the fluid jet collision point occurs at a small distance from the nozzles and the angle of both fluid jets is 180° or less, - a fusion reactor chamber or a housing in the reactor elements , the flywheels, the high-pressure chamber and the mutually directed nozzles are attached and in which the fusion reaction takes place - a control system that controls nuclear fusion processes. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electron emitter or electron gun or cathode emitter is installed in the vicinity of the fluid jet collision point, which releases or emits electrons on the collision point. Projectile weapon according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fusion device is installed in the projectile or in a warhead, which consists of at least - a high-pressure chamber filled with a fluid containing hydrogen isotopes, - one solidly built piston or connected to a mass body, which is inserted into the high-pressure chamber and whose working path is designed along the longitudinal axis of the projectile, which is installed behind the high-pressure chamber on the rear side of the projectile, which has a mass that is due to the inertia during projectile impact on a target, is pushed forward and thereby puts the fluid in the high-pressure chamber under enormously high pressure, - two fluid nozzles that are directed against each other at a very short distance, which are connected to the high-pressure chamber by two fluid lines, the two fluid jets from the fluid of the high-pressure chamber, which meet each other in a collision point and some of the atoms begin to fuse - a trigger mechanism that fixes the piston, but releases it to move after certain forces upon impact. Projectile weapon Patent claim 47 , characterized in that behind the piston on the rear side, a conventional explosive charge, which is ignited at the time of the projectile impact by a mechanism or electronic system and advances the piston forward towards the projectile tip and thus the movement of the piston which supports inertia is built in.

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