DE2708815A1 - STRUCTURAL MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURING - Google Patents

Description

Structural material and process for its manufacture

Structural material, e.g. for outerwear, has been used for many years Shoes, carpets and wallcoverings. In the carpet industry require conventional technical processes for the production of such structural materials Use of the tufting process to connect the yarn with a suitable carrier material, e.g. made of woven polypropylene or jute yarn. One way to simplify manufacturing of structural materials consists in the direct creation of the end product through thermoplastic deformation. These molding processes are thermoplastic Polymers heated to their softening point and in a shape with the structural fibers corresponding cavities pressed. Examples of typical known methods are U.S. Patents 3,027,595, 3,141,051, 3,317,644, 3,517,094, 3,632,842, 3,533,895, and 3 804 617.

In general, known pressing processes require cooling the Form after the production of the structural material, so that the polymer in sufficient Solidified perimeter and allowed the structural materialX of the mold to be removed. These Compression processes are useful in that the fibers have a configuration which allows easy removal from the mold.

Short, relatively thick fibers can be easily removed from the mold; however, with increasing fiber length and decreasing fiber diameter, it becomes more difficult such long, thin fibers without serious damage or deformation of the fibers to be taken from the form. Often such long, thin fibers are found during the Removed from the mold, peeled from the carrier, leaving empty spaces in the structural material arise, or the fibers are stretched, so that areas arise in which the Structural fibers are considerably elongated.

There has now been a new method of making molded structural materials found. The main feature of this process is the use of networkable Polymers for the production of structural materials and in the initiation of cross-linking of the polymeric substances during the formation of the structural fibers.

Any resinous material that can be deformed or compressed and crosslinked is accessible can be used as a polymer material. Polymers, for example, are suitable Copolymers or mixtures thereof. Generally have suitable polymers and copolymers have a molecular weight of about 500 or above and can be obtained by polymerization, Polyaddition or polycondensation are produced. The crosslinking of these polymers Substances involve the formation of chemical bonds between macromolecules, e.g. by addition, substitution, condensation or rearrangement reactions. at the initiator systems for effecting the crosslinking can be radical Initiators, ionic initiators or the splitting off of molecular components act from the macromolecules. Suitable crosslinking methods are described in U.S. Patents 2,826,570, 2,849,028, 2,919,474, 3,036,981 and 3,242,159.

According to the invention, it is thus the deformation or

compressing a crosslinkable polymeric material into one Structural material, which has a large number of relatively long, thin surface fibers that are held by a Porters go out. During the production of the fibers, the crosslinking of the polymer takes place Thermally initiated material, the activation of one in the polymeric material contained substance takes place, which causes the crosslinking. The networking causes a hot strength of the structural fiber, so that the structural material while it is still is hot, can be removed from the mold without significant deformation of the fibers can. This significantly reduces the pressing time for the structural material, resulting in an increase in productivity and a decrease in manufacturing cost of the material. In addition, you save energy because the mold temperature does not fluctuate continuously between very high and very low values.

According to the invention, the polymeric material is preferably initially closed pressed a thin film or plate. This semi-finished product contains a heat-sensitive Substance that, when heated, cross-links the individual molecules of the polymeric material triggers or causes. The semi-finished product is in a hot form with a variety introduced by the structural fibers corresponding cavities. Upon contact with the hot mold starts to soften the surface of the semi-finished product immediately, and the heat initiates the crosslinking of the polymeric material. At the same time that will Semi-finished product subjected to even pressure to soften the polymeric material to press into the cavities of the mold. Because of the networking, the melted goes polymeric material in the cavities gradually turns into a gel and then into a solid over, which has the required hot strength.

This transition occurs without a significant drop in temperature in the mold (normally the mold temperature only drops by about 5 to 100C).

Composition of the molding compound Particularly preferred molding compounds for Manufacture of the pressed structural material of the invention have the following composition: Weight percent polymeric material 10 to 99 crosslinkers 0.5 to 5 monomers 0 to 70 additives 0 to 70 A variety of polymeric starting materials can be used as the polymeric material Are used as long as they are accessible for networking. The preferred physical and chemical properties of such polymeric starting materials are as follows: Property Preferred Range Softening Point, cc 40 to 180 Melt index, g / 10 min 0.5 to 100 specific gravity 0.9 to 1.5 As polymeric Starting materials are e.g. polymers, copolymers or mixtures thereof, which of polymerizable organic compounds such as olefin hydrocarbons, vinyl compounds, Diene compounds, esters and urethanes, derive, suitable. Examples of suitable Polyolefins are polymers and copolymers of ethylene, propylene, and methylpentene and / or butylene. Examples of suitable vinyl polymers are polymers and Copolymers of vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, styrene, ethyl acrylate, diethyl fumarate, Methyl methacrylate and / or butyl acrylate. Examples of suitable diene polymers are polymers and copolymers of butadiene, isoprene and chloroprene. Examples suitable ester-like polymers are polymers and copolymers of glycol or Glycol ether phthalates, maleates, fumarates, itaconates, succinates, adipates and / or sebacates. Examples of suitable polyurethanes are polymers that by Implementation of aliphatic and aromatic diisocyanates with polyfunctional ones Esters and ethers are formed. The olefin polymers and copolymers can be halogenated or sulfohalogenated to improve their solvent and fire resistance.

Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers are the main component of the most preferred polymeric material. In general, includes the preferred polymeric material about 15 to about 99 percent by weight ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. In general, the vinyl acetate content of the copolymer is about 5 to 5 percent. Particularly preferred ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers have a vinyl acetate content of 33 percent, a melt index of 25, a tensile strength of 98.4 kg / cm², an elongation of 900 percent, a stiffness of 70.3 kg / cm² and a Shore hardness from A 65.

Crosslinkers are e.g. (a) peroxides, with or without accelerators, (b) Mixtures of peroxides, silicon compounds and suitable catalysts, (c) Azo compounds or (d) mixtures of zinc oxide and sulfur are suitable. Numerous of the aforementioned compounds form free radicals, which cause the crosslinking; However, it is also possible to use compounds which facilitate crosslinking by addition or cause condensation reactions. The aforementioned crosslinkers can also use Monomers mixed and - then mixed with polymeric material before pressing will.

Peroxides and azo compounds are preferred as crosslinkers. One can mix the peroxides with the polymeric material before pressing, or with Mix monomers and then incorporate them into the polymeric material before pressing. When mixing the peroxides or azo compounds with the polymeric material controlled the temperature to be below that during mixing Temperature is at which a considerable decomposition of the crosslinker takes place.

Preferred peroxides are benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-bis- (tert-butylperoxy) -2,5-dimethylhexane, S, oL'-bis (tert-butylperoxy) -diisopropylbenzene, di- (tert, -butyldiperphthalate and tert-butyl perbenzoate. Preferred accelerators are cobalt naphthenate and lead naphthenate and dimethylaniline.

Preferred silicon compounds are vinyltriethoxysilane and vinyltrimethoxysilane. As a catalyst that works together with the silicon compounds use finds, dibutyltin dilaurate is preferred.

Preferred azo compounds are azobisdiisobutyronitrile and azobisisobutyronitrile and 2-tert-butylazodimethoxy-4-methylpentane In connection with peroxides and polymers Polymerizable monomers can be used as starting materials. These monomers polymerize during the formation of the fibers and promote or bring about crosslinking. Preferred monomers are trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, Polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl phosphate and diallyl phthalate.

The molding compounds contain 0 to 70 percent by weight of additives.

Here, the polymeric starting material is preferably filled with fillers, such as silica, carbon black, talc, clay, etc. are mixed to improve properties and to achieve a reduction in production costs. Furthermore, antioxidants, Dyes and pigments, UV absorbers and stabilizers, fungicides and bactericides Substances and mold release agents are added.

Properties of the structural material and method of its manufacture In a broad sense, the structural material according to the invention can be viewed as a carrier with a given surface with bumps extending from the surface of the support go out. These elevations have a total surface area that is several times larger than is the surface of the support. The greater the difference between the surface of the carrier and the surface of the elevations or

The more difficult it becomes to remove the structural material from the protrusions To be found in the form. Because of this problem, conventional methods require cooling of the entire shape except for one that is considerably below the deformation temperature Temperature before the molding can be removed.

According to the invention, the molding becomes without substantial degradation the Mold temperature taken from the mold In other words, the temperature at which the deformed polymeric material is removed from the mold is approximately the same size or only slightly lower than the temperature at which the polymeric material is pressed into the mold. Obviously, the networking effects during education the structural fibers significantly improve the hot strength of the molded Structural material, what the removal of the structural material from the still called Shape allowed.

Given the large number of cavities that have the shape, and the relatively small diameter of these voids has been a major concern the use of cross-linkable materials, as cleaning is necessary if the mold becomes clogged the form would involve great difficulties. Surprisingly, however, occurs if the work is done carefully, the mold will not become clogged. Apparently it comes during the crosslinking for gas development in situ due to the crosslinking, whereby a Interface between the inner surface of the mold cavities and the surface of the fibers produced in the mold. It is believed that this boundary layer prevents the formed fibers from adhering to the cavity walls and beyond creates an internal pressure that acts against the fibers and pushes them out of the cavities presses.

The conditions for producing the structural material vary according to Depending on the raw materials used and the geometric configurations of the structural material formed during the deformation. Typical conditions are as follows: conditions wide range optimum temperature, oC 175 to 280 215 pressure, kg / cm2 35.2 to 175.8 120 cycle time, sec 5 to 1800 60 As detailed below described, the molding compound is preferably shaped into a semi-finished product. This Semi-finished product can be preheated before being placed in the mold. The preheating The semi-finished product is done carefully to ensure a noticeable crosslinking before formation of the structural material in the mold.

Although the method of the invention in itself facilitates separation of the structural material caused by the mold, it is advantageous to use either the molding compound incorporate a mold release agent or the mold or the semi-finished product with a To coat mold release agent. Mold release agents added to the molding compound can also involve mixing the ingredients during manufacture of the Facilitate semi-finished products. Examples of suitable mold release agents for the molding compound Fatty acids and their amides, esters and salts can be added. Examples Suitable mold release agents for precoating the mold are silicon compounds and waxes.

A typical structural material made by the method of the invention has fibers with a mean diameter, measured on the carrier, between 0.0087 and 0.05 cm, an average length between 0.01 and 5 centimeters, and an aspect ratio (Fiber length divided by fiber diameter) of over 1, preferably 1 to 200. The fiber coverage density Fiber coverage density = total volume of the fibers area of the carrier x mean structural fiber height.

is generally from 0.10 to 0.50, and the total surface area is the Fibers is at least 5 times, preferably at least 10 times, larger than the surface of the wearer. The cross-section of the individual fibers can be e.g. circular, semicircular, be jagged or ribbed, hexagonal, octagonal, oval, triangular, rectangular, etc., the fibers may or may not be tapered.

The invention offers numerous advantages. First up is the one to manufacture of a pressed structural material according to the method of the invention Time considerably less than when using conventional deformation processes necessary time. For example, pressing a structural material with the aforementioned Fiber properties using the method according to the invention in about 1 minute or less. In contrast, one needs to produce a structural material with equivalents physical dimensions according to known methods more than 5 minutes. The method of the invention thus causes a reduction the duration of the pressing cycle by at least a factor of 5.

The second advantage of the method according to the invention is that that the structural material compared to known methods easily from the Can be taken from the form. As stated above, it comes with increasing networking apparently to a development of Ga 'surrounding the fiber and a boundary layer builds up between the mold cavities and the fibers. This boundary layer prevents adherence of the fibers to the wall of the cavities. It also pushes the gas against the structural material and causes the structural material to be pushed out the mold as soon as the applied pressure is removed. It was observed that the structural material produced according to the invention pushes out of the mold as soon as the pressure is removed.

A third advantage is that the pressed structural fibers stronger or stronger than the structural fibers produced by conventional methods could be. This is how one obtains e.g. when pressing ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers conventional methods a fiber that when rubbed with a coin or a another metal object is easily stretched. So the surface suffers the structural material changes if you rub a coin over it. in the In contrast to this are those fibers that are produced when the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is crosslinked during the formation of the fibers, it gets completely permanent or does not suffer any serious Stretching when rubbing with a coin.

A fourth advantage is that the shape or the pressed Only cool the structural material slightly during the pressing process. This simplifies the shape construction, and since the shape does not constantly cyclical temperature changes is subjected to between extremely high and low temperature values, saves energy.

For the structural material produced according to the invention can be used for Achievement special properties in special areas of application, special recipes are used will. E.g.

Structural materials with improved strength, solvent resistance, Establish high temperature resistance and / or flame retardancy.

The following are the method of the invention and that made therewith Structural material explained with reference to the schematic drawings. It 'show: Fig. 1 a semi-finished product in a shape in cross section; Fig. 2 the semifinished product, which in the mold is pressed, in cross-section, Figure 3 is a cross-section along the line 3-3 of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of a fragment of one of the Grooved strips or grooved strips shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 an enlarged plan view an arrangement of the grooved bands, FIG. 6 an enlarged plan view of a second Arrangement of the grooved strips, FIG. 7 a perspective view of the structural material of the invention, and FIG. 8 shows the relationship in the form of a graphic representation between the temperature at which the structural material is pressed, and the length of time during which the hardening of the structural material in the mold takes place.

Figures 1 and 2 show in detail the method of the invention, a semi-finished product 10 produced according to Example 1 below increased Pressure and elevated temperature to form a pressed structural material 12 (Fig. 7) is exposed.

The one used to make the pressed structural material 12 Mold 14 includes a frame 16 that supports a plurality of parallel, tightly packed belts 18. These strips 18 are photoetched with the formation of grooves.20 (FIG. 4) been. The bands 18 standing on their edges 22 are with the support 24 of the mold 14 connected by elongated I-bars 26, which in corresponding Grooves 28 and 30, respectively, of the carrier 24 and the lower edges 22 of the grooved bands 18 engage. The lateral movement of the straps is prevented by removable side panels 32. When assembling the mold 14, one of the side panels 32 is removed, and the straps 18 are attached so that their edges 22 come to rest on the carrier 24. Then the I-bars 26 are slid into position. Finally the removed Side panel 32 attached as indicated by holders 35.

The grooved bands or strips 18 can be in the mold frame 16 be arranged in two different ways. As shown in Fig. 5, can the grooved tapes 18 on the edges, side by side, packed so that the smooth surface 18a of one band of the grooved surface 18b of an adjacent one Ribbon is opposite. Arranging the straps 18 in this way gives Cavities 18c which are generally D-shaped in cross-section.

The other way of arranging the grooved bands 18 is shown in Fig. 6 shown. In this case, the grooved bands 18 are arranged in pairs so that that the grooved surfaces 18b face each other. Through this arrangement one obtains cavities 18d which are generally circular or oval in cross-section own.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the mold 14 has the grooved bands have an opposing piston 37 which is designed so that it has a snug fit in which the frame 16 and the upper edges of the grooved bands 18 are thereby formed Owns high pressure area. The mold 14 and the piston 37 are in a hydraulic one High-speed press and are mounted in a press lower part (not shown) in such a way that that a quick and accurate compression of the semi-finished product 10 is guaranteed is. Both the mold 14 and the piston 37 are on a regulated elevated temperature. In this example, the shape and the piston are on 215 i 2.80C held. However, the pressing temperature can drop to 80C at the moment.

The pressed structural material 12 is made as follows: First the press (not shown) is opened, whereupon the semi-finished product of Example 1 in the preheated mold 14 on top of the grooved belts 18, as shown in Fig. 1, is inserted.

The press is then quickly closed and at a pressure of 128 kg / cm² for a period of about 1 minute.

When the semi-finished product 10 melts, as shown in FIG the molten mass into the fibers 15 of the structural material 12 corresponding to Pressed cavities 18c. As the molding compound flows into the cavities 18c, its increases Temperature above the decomposition temperature of the crosslinker. Almost instantly it comes to the formation of the free radicals, which the cross-linking of the polymeric material trigger. The crosslinking of the polymeric material generally starts from 1 to 120 Seconds after heating the molding compound.

The semi-finished product 10 remains in the form and is used for a dwell time from about 20 to about 180 seconds, generally less than 2 minutes maximum, exposed to pressure. During this period of time, the solidifies or gels Molding compound as a result of the crosslinking of the polymeric material.

Fig. 8 shows the relationship between the deformation temperature and the curing time. According to the curve shown in Fig. 8, the curing time is all the more shorter, the higher the deformation temperature or, in other words, high temperatures cause rapid networking and ensure early removal of the Structural material from the mold.

To enable the structural material 12 to be removed from the mold 14, the piston 37 is extended and nitrogen is forced between the surface of the structural material and the grooved belts 18. Here is a nitrogen pressure of about 10.5 kg / cm2 suitable for a semi-finished product 10 measuring 15 x 15 cm. Preferably the The flow of nitrogen is shut off before the piston 37 leaves the frame 16. The removal temperature is around 2040C.

The nitrogen is in the mold 14 by means of an inlet 44 in the The side of the mold is pumped in. Generally gas during the crosslinking process is formed in situ, demolding using nitrogen is not always necessary, to enable the fiber structure material to be drawn off from the mold 14 or in other words, the gases formed during the pressing and crosslinking process generate an internal pressure within the cavities or grooves 20 of the mold i4, the the structural material 12 pushes out of the mold as soon as the piston 37 is extended.

In order to facilitate removal, the surface of the mold 14 before the pressing process with a mold release agent, e.g. a silicone resin, e.g. Rezolin 8302, manufactured by Lexcel Corporation.

That using the method according to the invention and the aforementioned Structural material 12 made from mold 14 is shown schematically in FIG. The structural material consists of a carrier 12 and a plurality of fibers 15, emanating from the carrier. The fibers 15 are characterized in that they consist of crosslinked polymeric material that crosslinks during the formation of the fibers has been. The fibers 15 can according to the shape of the grooved ribbons 18 cavities formed have a wide variety of shapes. The fibers can become rejuvenate or not. All fibers can have the same height or length, however, some fibers can be longer than others. The fibers can be different Have cross-sectional configurations. The fibers can be parallel to each other or are statistically oriented. In addition, the fibers can all be the same or have different coloring.

The structural material 12 is due to the physical dimensions of the Fibers 15 characterized. The fibers 15 have an average diameter as measured on the carrier, between 0.0087 and 0.5 cm.

The mean length of the fibers is 0.01 to 5 cm, the aspect ratio being is greater than 1. The density of the fibers is 0.10 to 0.50. As the structural material 12 is produced by a pressing process, the carrier 13 and the fibers 15 are in one piece. To the crosslinking lies in the modulus of elasticity of the polymeric material from which the Fibers consist of between 15 and 15,000 kg / cm2.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, density is diameter and length of the fibers 15 carefully selected so that the feel of the fibers is similar that of conventional structural materials. This grip is achieved by that the fiber length and the fiber diameter according to the modulus of elasticity of the crosslinked material. The higher the module, the smaller the diameter or keep the fibers longer and vice versa.

The examples illustrate the invention.

A thin sheet or sheet of molding compound is preferably used first as a semi-finished product by mixing a crosslinkable polymeric material with a heat-sensitive crosslinker and other ingredients. This manufacture of the semi-finished product is preferred, but pellets can also be used. That Structural material is then pressed from the semi-finished product or pellets.

The following examples are suitable molding compounds and the methods described for the manufacture of the semi-finished product.

Example 1 The semi-finished product of this example is made using the following recipe produced: parts of xthylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (31% vinyl acetate; Melt index 24.0; Density 0.960; Manuf. United States Industries, UE 638) 70 Polyethylene low density (melt index 3.3; density 0.919; manuf. United States Industries, NA 226) 20 butadiene polymer (density 0.92; manufactured by Polysar Inc., Taktene 1220) 10 precipitated amorphous silica (particle size 0.02 u; manufactured by PPG Industries, HiSil 233) 35 stearic acid 0.5 TLC, whether r -Bis- (tert-butylperoxy) -diisopropylbenzene (39.5 to 41.5% active, on Burgess KE clay as a carrier; Hercules, Inc., Vulcup 40 KE) 3, ° After softening, the polymeric material is thoroughly mixed with the silica and stearic acid mixed and then before adding the peroxide to below 1250C cooled down. This mixing is done in a Farrel B Banbury mixer, however, other intensive internal mixers are of course also suitable. To upon mixing, the mixture becomes one, for example on a rubber two-roll mill Fur processed as a semi-finished product. The semi-finished product weighs 100 g with dimensions of about 15 x 15 x 0.32 cm.

This semi-finished product is then brought into a mold that is based on a Temperature of 2150c is maintained. The shape is then made with a 2 pressure of 122 kg / cm applied. The mold temperature drops by about 8,300 at the moment. After about 1 minute at this temperature (2150C) and this pressure (122 kg / cm2), the pressure is removed and the molding is removed at this temperature.

Example 2 The semi-finished product of this example is applied using the following recipe made: Parts of low density polyethylene (Melt index 2.0; density 0.927; Manuf. United States Industries, NA 294) 338 bStyrene-butadiene block copolymer (Manufactured by Shell Chemical Co., Kraton G, GXT 6500) 422 Low density polyethylene (Melt index 3.1; density 0.919; Manuf. United States Industries, NA 226) 421 TiO2 (Anatase) 2.0 amorphous silica (particle size 0.040, Manuf.PPG Industries, HiSil / EP) 300 stearic acid 6.0 trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (Mfr. Sartomer Co., SR-350) 4.0 Peroxide (Vulcup 40 KE) 35 The aforementioned ingredients are mixed with one another and processed into a semi-finished product, which is then processed according to Example 1.

Example 3 The semifinished product of this example is used following recipe produced: parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (manuf. US Industries, UE-638) 70 Pol low density ethylene (Manuf.

US Industries, NA-226) 20 Butadiene polymer (manuf.

Polysar, Inc., Taktene-1220) 10 stearic acid 0.5 amorphous silica (Manuf. PPG Industries, HiSil 233) 35 Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (Manuf. Sartomer Co., SR-350) 2.0 Peroxide (Vulcup 40-KE) 3.0 The aforementioned ingredients are mixed with each other and processed into a semi-finished product, which is then according to the example 1 is processed further.

Example 4 The semi-finished product of this example is made according to the following Recipe made: parts of low density polyethylene (US Industries, NA294) 338 styrene-butadiene block copolymer (Shell Chemical Co., Kraton 1107) 412 polyethylene (US Industries, NA 226) 6 Silicic acid (HiSil 233) 300 Mold release agent (Humko Co., Kenamide E) 0.9 peroxide (Vulcup 40 KE) 35 The aforementioned components are mixed with one another mixed and processed into a semi-finished product, which is then further processed according to Example 1 will.

Example 5 The semi-finished product of this example is used the following recipe produced: parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (31 r vinyl acetate; Melt index 24.0; Density 0.960; Manuf. United States Industries, Division of National Distillers, Inc., NA 638) 70 low density polyethylene (melt index 3.3; density 0.919; Herst. United States Industries, NA 226) 20 butadiene polymer (density 0.92; Manuf.

Polysar, Inc., Taktene 1220) 10 stearic acid 0.5 Oc, '- bis- (tert-butylperoxy) -diisopropylbenzene (39.5 to 41.5 a active; on Burgess KE clay as a carrier; manuf.

Hercules, Inc., Vulcup 40 KE) 3.0 A semi-finished product of the dimensions 15 x 15 x 0.25 cm is placed in a heated mold, which is then applied with a pressure of about 122 kg / cm² is applied. The mold temperature is initially 930C and is increased for 4 minutes under the pressure to 2040C and finallyzben Held at 2040C. The molding is essentially completely removed at 2040C.

Example 6 The semi-finished product of this example is used the following recipe produced: parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (31% vinyl acetate; Melt index 24.0; Density 0.960; Manuf. United States Industries, Division of National Distillers, Inc., NA 638) 70 Low density polyethylene (melt index 3.3; Density 0.919; Herst. United States Industries, NA 226) 20 butadiene polymer (Density 0.92; manuf.

Polysar Inc., Taktene 1220) 10 hydrated alumina, 65 f Al O (Aluminum Co. of America, Hydral C 30 35.0 Stearic Acid 0.5 α, α'-Bis- (tert-butylperoxy) -diisopropylbenzene (39.5 to 41.5% active, on Burgess KE clay as a carrier; Hercules, Inc., Vulcup 40 KE) 3.0 The sample can be deformed under similar pressing conditions as in Example 5 will.

Example 7 The semi-finished product of this example is used The following recipe is made: parts of chlorinated polyethylene (48 S chlorine; melt viscosity 21.0; Density 1.25; Mfr. Dow Chemical Co., DOW CPE 4814) 100.0 Epoxy resin (Mfr. Shell Oil Co., Epon 828) 4.0 hydrated alumina (Hydral C-330, Alcoa) 40.0 modified, tribasic lead sulfate (NL Industries Tribase AG) 4.0 more basic Lead soap complex (NL Industries, Plastiflow PL 1) 0.5 distearyl thiodipropionate (American Cyanamid Co., Plastanox STDP) 1.0 Tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Sartomer Resin Inc., SR-209) 1.0 α, α'-bis (tert-butylperoxy) -diisopropylbenzene (39.5 to 41.5% active, on Burgess KE clay as a carrier; Hercules Inc. Vulcup 40 KE) 2.5 The sample can under similar conditions as in example 5 described, are pressed.

Example 8 The semifinished product of this example is used following recipe: parts of polyurethane elastomer (Manuf.B.F.

Goodrich Chemical Co., Estane 58109, especially for Brunswick Corporation in orange-red mixed material) 100.0 silica (HiSil 233 PPG Industries, Inc.) 15.0 ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Sartomer Resin Inc., SR-206) 4.0 i, OC'-bis (tert-butylperoxy) diisopropylbenzene (39.5 to 41.5% active, on Burgess KE clay as a carrier; manuf.

Hercules Inc., Vulcup 40 KE) 4.0 The sample can under similar pressing conditions processed as in Example 5.

Example 9 The semi-finished product of this example is used following recipe: Parts of PVC compound (manufactured by B.F. Goodrich Co., Geon 8814) 200.0 polyester elastomer (Mfr. E. I. Dupont Co., Hytrel 3495) 100.0 Tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Sartomer Resin Inc., SR-209) 5.0 antimony trioxide (25% active antimony oxide, surface layer melted onto a silicon dioxide core, Herst. N.L. Industries, Oncor 75 RA) 10.0 α, α'-bis (tert-butylperoxy) -diisopropylbenzene (39.5 to 41.5% active, on Burgess KE clay as a carrier; Hercules Inc., Vulcup 40 KE) 6.0 The sample can be pressed under conditions similar to those in Example 5 will.

Claims (16)

Claims 1. Structural material composed of a carrier and a plurality fibers emanating from the carrier, the fibers being composed of a crosslinkable polymer Material containing molding compound were created during the formation of the fibers has been networked. 2. Structural material according to claim 1, characterized in that the Fibers have an average diameter, measured on the carrier, of 0.0087 to 0.05 cm. 3. Structural material according to at least one of claims i and 2, characterized characterized in that the fibers have an average length of 0.01 to 5 cm. 4. Structural material according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the fibers have a density of 0.10 to 0.50. 5. Structural material according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the aspect ratio of the fibers is greater than one. 6. Structural material according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that the crosslinkable polymeric material after crosslinking a Modulus of elasticity from 15 to 15,000 kg / cm². 7. Structural material according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized characterized in that the molding compound contains a compound that when heated a Networking causes. 8. Structural material, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 7, of a carrier and a plurality of fibers extending from the carrier, the Fibers have a mean diameter, measured on the carrier, of 0.01 to 0.05 cm, a mean length from 0.01 to 5 cm, a density from 0.10 to 0.50 and an aspect ratio of over 1 and wherein the structural material consists of a crosslinkable polymer Material-containing molding compound has been obtained during the formation of the Fibers has been crosslinked and after crosslinking has a modulus of elasticity of 2 50 to 15,000 kg / cm. g.Strukturmaterial according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized characterized in that the diameter and length of the fibers are selected so that the feel of the fibers is similar to that of conventional structural fibers. 10. Structural material according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the molding compound contains 10 to 99 percent by weight of polymeric material, 0.5 to 5 percent by weight of a crosslinking agent that causes crosslinking under the action of heat causes 0 to 70 percent by weight additives and 0 to 70 percent by weight polymerizable Contains monomers. 11. Structural material according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the polymeric material is a polymer, copolymer or contains a mixture thereof derived from polymerizable organic Compounds from group (a) olefin hydrocarbons, (b) vinyl compounds, (c) diene compounds, (d) esters and (e) urethanes. 12. Structural material according to claim 11, characterized in that the main component of the polymeric material is an ethylene Vinyl acetate copolymer is. 13. Structural material according to at least one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the crosslinker (a) a peroxide, (b) a mixture of one Peroxide, a silicon compound and a catalyst, (c) an azo compound, or (d) is a mixture of zinc oxide and sulfur. 14. A method for producing a structural material, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that one (a) a Molding composition containing crosslinkable polymeric material of elevated temperature and elevated temperature Subjecting pressure to the polymeric material in a mold with a multitude of cavities to press corresponding to the fibers of the structural material; (b) with education of the fibers according to step (a) initiates the crosslinking of the polymeric material, and (c) demold the molded crosslinked polymeric material at a temperature which is about the same or a little less than the temperature of stage (a). 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that one Applies a temperature of 175 to 2800 ° C and a pressure of 35.2 to 175.8 kg / cm². 16. The method according to at least one of claims 14 and 15, characterized characterized in that one works with a pressing cycle of 5 to 1800 seconds.