DE2708488A1 - FRICTION MATERIAL FOR CLUTCHES, BRAKES OR DGL. - Google Patents
FRICTION MATERIAL FOR CLUTCHES, BRAKES OR DGL.Info
- Publication number
- DE2708488A1 DE2708488A1 DE19772708488 DE2708488A DE2708488A1 DE 2708488 A1 DE2708488 A1 DE 2708488A1 DE 19772708488 DE19772708488 DE 19772708488 DE 2708488 A DE2708488 A DE 2708488A DE 2708488 A1 DE2708488 A1 DE 2708488A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fiber filament
- friction material
- cologne
- aramid
- friction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000531908 Aramides Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003368 Kevlar® 29 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003369 Kevlar® 49 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000784 Nomex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004763 nomex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
- F16D69/026—Compositions based on an organic binder containing fibres
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Reibbelag für Kupplungen, Bremsen od. dgl., der im wesentlichen aus einem Faserfilament besteht, das in ein im wesentlichen aus Elastomeren und Duroplasten und mit anorganischen Füllstoffen versetztes Bindemittelgemisch eingebettet ist.The invention relates to a friction lining for clutches, brakes or the like, which consists essentially of a fiber filament, which is embedded in a binder mixture essentially made up of elastomers and thermosets and mixed with inorganic fillers is.
Wegen der hohen thermischen Belastung, wie sie insbesondere bei Kraftfahrzeug-Reibungskupplungen und -Reibungsbremsen auftreten, wurde bisher der für die betreffenden Bauteile vorgesehene Reibbelag aus einem Gesteinsfaserfilament, insbesondere einem Asbestfa'serfilament hergestellt. Diese sog. "Asbestbeläge11 stellen jedoch wegen des im Betrieb entstehenden, asbeststaubhaltigen Abriebes einen Faktor der Umweltverschmutzung dar, bei dem der begründete Verdacht besteht, daß er für die menschliche Gesundheit schädlich ist. Es wurden daher bereits große Anstrengungen unternommen, asbestfreie bzw. asbestarme Reibbeläge herzustellen, um diese Gefährdung der Umwelt zu beseitigen. Hinzu kommt noch, daß die z. Z. bekannten Asbestvorkommen in vorhersehbarer Zeit ausgebeutet sein werden, so daß auch unter diesem Gesichtspunkt die Notwendigkeit besteht, einen Ersatzstoff für Asbest für den angegebenen Verwendungszweck zu finden. Die bisher beschrittenen Wege erbrachten aber keinerlei Materialien, die den "Asbestbelägen11 in ihren physikalischen Eigenschaften auch nur annähernd gleichwertig gewesen wären. Gleichzeitig wurden jedoch von der Because of the high thermal loading as they occur in particular in motor vehicle friction clutches and -Reibungsbremsen, in particular a Asbestfa'serfilament has been the space provided for the respective components of a friction lining Gesteinsfaserfilament prepared. These so-called "asbestos coverings 11 , however , represent a factor of environmental pollution due to the abrasion containing asbestos dust that occurs during operation, which there is reasonable suspicion that it is harmful to human health. Great efforts have therefore already been made to obtain asbestos-free or low-asbestos produce friction linings to this threat to the environment to eliminate. Added to this is that the z. Z. known asbestos deposits will be exploited in a predictable time so that from this point there is a need to find a substitute for asbestos for the specified purpose However, the paths taken so far did not produce any materials that were even approximately equivalent to the "asbestos coverings 11" in terms of their physical properties. At the same time, however, the
809835/0342809835/0342
Industrie die Anforderungen an die Reibbeläge in Bezug auf thermische und mechanische Festigkeit, Reibwertsstabilität, Verschleißfestigkeit etc. ständig erhöht.Industry the requirements for the friction linings in terms of thermal and mechanical strength, coefficient of friction stability, wear resistance etc. constantly increasing.
Der Erfindung lag also die Aufgabe zugrunde, hochstabile Reibbeläge zu schaffen, die einerseits hinsichtlich ihrer technischenThe invention was therefore based on the object of providing highly stable friction linings to create the one hand in terms of their technical
wenigstens Werte den Werten von "Asbestbelägen"yglelchkommen, andererseits jedoch asbestarm bzw. asbestfrei sind, um so den Anforderungen des Umweltschutzes zu genügen. Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß das Faserfilament wenigstens teilweise aus thermisch hochstabilen aromatischen Polyamidfasern der Gattung Aramide besteht. Ein derartiges Faserfilament ist mit den" unter der Bezeichnung Kevlar 29 und Kevlar 49 oder Nomex bekannten Fasern gegeben. Ein mit derartigen Faserfilamenten hergestellter Reibbelag für eine Kraftfahrzeug-Trockenreibungskupplung bietet eine Reihe von Vorteilen. Wegen des geringeren spezifischen Gewichtes des erfindungsgemäßen Reibbelages gegenüber einem herkömmlichen Asbestbelag ergeben sich beispielsweise bei synchronisierten Getrieben erheblich kürzere Schaltzeiten. Die gegenüber Asbest höhere Faserfestigkeit führt zu Reibbelägen mit einer sehr viel höheren Schleuderfestigkeit, die auch den Einsatz in extrem hochtourigen Motoren gestattet. Die hohe Verschleißfestigkeit erlaubt auch den Einsatz bei spezifisch hochbelasteten Kupplungen und verhält sich bei spezifisch hochbelasteten Kupplungen schonend gegenüber den Gegenmaterialien, die beispielsweise aus Grauguß GG 26 bzw. Stahl C 45 bestehen. Die besonderen Fasereigenschaften bewirken beispielsweise bei Kupp-at least values come close to the values of "asbestos coverings", on the other hand however, are asbestos-free or asbestos-free in order to meet the requirements of environmental protection. This object is achieved according to the invention solved in that the fiber filament is at least partially made of thermally highly stable aromatic polyamide fibers Genus aramid consists. Such a fiber filament is known under the name Kevlar 29 and Kevlar 49 or Nomex Fibers given. A friction lining made with such fiber filaments for a motor vehicle dry friction clutch offers a number of advantages. Because of the lower specific weight of the friction lining according to the invention compared to a conventional asbestos covering results in significantly shorter switching times, for example with synchronized gears. the compared to asbestos higher fiber strength leads to friction linings with a much higher resistance to throwning, which is also the use permitted in extremely high-speed engines. The high wear resistance also allows it to be used with specifically high loads Clutches and, in the case of clutches subject to high specific loads, is gentle on the counter materials that for example made of gray cast iron GG 26 or steel C 45. The special fiber properties, for example in coupling
009835/0342009835/0342
lungen ein rupffreies Anlaufen und zeigen wenig Neigung zu Wärmefading, was insbesondere auch bei Bremsbelägen von erheblicher Bedeutung ist.lungs have a pick-free start and show little tendency to heat fading, which is particularly important for brake linings.
In Abwandlung der Erfindung läßt sich das Aramid-Faserfilament in Form eines Mlsch^faserfilamentes einsetzen, wobei den Aramidfasern Asbest-, Kohlenstoff-, Zellwoll- und Baumwoll- oder Glasfasern beigemischt werden können. Reine Aramid-Faserfilamente können in allen handelsüblichen Stärken eingesetzt werden. Das anteilige Volumenverhältnis zwischen Bindemittelgemisch (einschließlich Füllstoffe) und dem Aramid-Faserfilament darf zwischen 99:1 und 10:90 liegen. In dem Bindemittelgemisch sind auch solche Stoffe enthalten, die das Reibverhalten modifizieren, wie z. B. Schleifmittel, Gleitmittel bzw. Stoffe, die die Wärmeleitfähigkeit verändern.In a modification of the invention, the aramid fiber filament use in the form of a Mlsch ^ fiber filament, the aramid fibers asbestos, carbon, rayon and cotton or Glass fibers can be added. Pure aramid fiber filaments can be used in all commercially available strengths. That proportional volume ratio between the binder mixture (including fillers) and the aramid fiber filament may be between 99: 1 and 10:90 lie. The binder mixture also contains substances that modify the friction behavior, such as. B. Abrasives, lubricants or substances that change the thermal conductivity.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Reibbelages durch Einbetten eines Faserfilamentes in ein im wesentlichen aus Elastomeren und Duroplasten bestehendes Bindemittelgemisch. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, daß das Aramid-Faserfilament zunächst mit einem Duroplast-Harzüberzug versehen wird, anschließend in üblicher Weise mit dem Bindemittelgemisch getränkt, getrocknet, geformt und verpreßt wird. Durch das Aufbringen des Harzüberzuges auf das Faserfilament vor dem Tränken mit dem Bindemittel gelingt es, das Faserfilament trotz seiner glätten Oberflächen der Einzelfasern beim fertigen Reibbelag fest im Bindemittel zu verankern. Als Duroplaste kommenThe invention also relates to a method for producing a friction lining by embedding a fiber filament in it Binder mixture consisting essentially of elastomers and thermosets. According to the invention it is provided that the Aramid fiber filament is first provided with a thermosetting resin coating, then soaked in the usual way with the binder mixture, dried, shaped and pressed. By the application of the resin coating to the fiber filament before the impregnation with the binder succeeds in spite of the fiber filament its smooth surfaces of the individual fibers in the finished friction lining firmly anchored in the binder. Come as thermosets
809835/0342809835/0342
hler beispielsweise Phenol-, (sowohl Resole als auch Novolacke), Epoxi-, Melaminharze oder dgl. in Betracht.for example phenolic, (both resoles and novolaks), Epoxy, melamine resins or the like. Consider.
Anhand einer schemaüschen Zeichnung wird ein Reibbelag gemäß der Erfindung näher erläutert. Wie in der Zeichnung dargestellt, ist auf einer festen Trägerplatte 1, beispielsweise aus Metall, ein Reibbelag 2 durch Klebung, Nietung od. dgl. fest aufgebracht. Der Reibbelag 2 besteht hierbei aus einer Vielzahl im wesentlichen parallel nebeneinander verlaufenden Faserfilamenten 3, die im wesentlichen aus Aramidfasern bestehen. Die Faserfllamente sind in eine Bindemittelmatrix 4 in Üblicher Weise eingebettet, wobei der feste Verbund zwischen den einzelnen Faserfilamenten 3 durch Heißpressen erzielt wird.Using a schematic drawing, a friction lining is shown in accordance with the invention explained in more detail. As shown in the drawing, is on a fixed support plate 1, for example made of metal, a friction lining 2 by gluing, riveting or the like. Firmly applied. The friction lining 2 consists of a large number of fiber filaments 3 running essentially parallel to one another, which essentially consist of aramid fibers. The fiber flakes are embedded in a binder matrix 4 in the usual way, the solid bond between the individual fiber filaments 3 is achieved by hot pressing.
809835/0342809835/0342
Leerse iteBlank
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19772708488 DE2708488A1 (en) | 1977-02-26 | 1977-02-26 | FRICTION MATERIAL FOR CLUTCHES, BRAKES OR DGL. |
GB772178A GB1604918A (en) | 1977-02-26 | 1978-02-27 | Friction material for clutches brakes and the like and a process for producing friction linings using the material |
NL7802159A NL7802159A (en) | 1977-02-26 | 1978-02-27 | FRICTION MATERIAL FOR CLUTCHES, BRAKES AND THE LIKE. |
IT4820778A IT1102723B (en) | 1977-02-26 | 1978-02-27 | Frictional lining for clutches, couplings, brakes - comprises thermostable aromatic polyamide filaments embedded in elastomer and duroplast matrix |
FR7805603A FR2393197A1 (en) | 1977-02-26 | 1978-02-27 | FRICTION MATERIAL FOR CLUTCHES, BRAKES OR SIMILAR DEVICES |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19772708488 DE2708488A1 (en) | 1977-02-26 | 1977-02-26 | FRICTION MATERIAL FOR CLUTCHES, BRAKES OR DGL. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2708488A1 true DE2708488A1 (en) | 1978-08-31 |
Family
ID=6002299
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19772708488 Withdrawn DE2708488A1 (en) | 1977-02-26 | 1977-02-26 | FRICTION MATERIAL FOR CLUTCHES, BRAKES OR DGL. |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2708488A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2393197A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1604918A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7802159A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0010956A1 (en) * | 1978-11-04 | 1980-05-14 | Ferodo Limited | Clutch facing and method for its manufacture |
DE3023188A1 (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-01-08 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | FRICTION MATERIAL AND ITEMS MADE THEREOF |
DE3023186A1 (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-01-08 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | FRICTION MATERIAL, ITEMS OBTAINED FROM IT AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
DE3023187A1 (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-01-08 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | FRICTION PART, METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND USE |
EP0443550A1 (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-08-28 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Asbestos-free brake lining |
WO1994002757A1 (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-02-03 | Ina Wälzlager Schaeffler Kg | Friction-damped tensioner for belt or chain drives |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1105141B (en) * | 1977-06-18 | 1985-10-28 | Berges Beral Bremsbelag Kg | FRICTION MATERIAL FOR BRAKE AND SIMILAR CLUTCH COUPLINGS |
JPS56103270A (en) * | 1980-01-22 | 1981-08-18 | Teijin Ltd | Friction material |
FR2476253A1 (en) * | 1980-02-19 | 1981-08-21 | Amsted Ind Inc | Brake shoe composite friction material - comprising rubber binder, mineral fillers, friction modifiers and an aramid fibre |
GB2126594B (en) * | 1982-08-11 | 1985-10-09 | Borg Warner | Dry friction composition |
-
1977
- 1977-02-26 DE DE19772708488 patent/DE2708488A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1978
- 1978-02-27 NL NL7802159A patent/NL7802159A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-02-27 FR FR7805603A patent/FR2393197A1/en active Pending
- 1978-02-27 GB GB772178A patent/GB1604918A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0010956A1 (en) * | 1978-11-04 | 1980-05-14 | Ferodo Limited | Clutch facing and method for its manufacture |
DE3023188A1 (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-01-08 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | FRICTION MATERIAL AND ITEMS MADE THEREOF |
DE3023186A1 (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-01-08 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | FRICTION MATERIAL, ITEMS OBTAINED FROM IT AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
DE3023187A1 (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-01-08 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | FRICTION PART, METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND USE |
US4349595A (en) | 1979-06-21 | 1982-09-14 | Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc. | Friction material for clutch facings and the like |
EP0443550A1 (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-08-28 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Asbestos-free brake lining |
WO1994002757A1 (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-02-03 | Ina Wälzlager Schaeffler Kg | Friction-damped tensioner for belt or chain drives |
US5458541A (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1995-10-17 | Ina Walzlager Schaeffler Kg | Friction-damper tensioning system for belt or chain drives |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1604918A (en) | 1981-12-16 |
FR2393197A1 (en) | 1978-12-29 |
NL7802159A (en) | 1978-08-29 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OD | Request for examination | ||
8130 | Withdrawal |