DE2705744C3 - Method and device for stacking bricks on pallets - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for stacking bricks to form a Package with partially interlocking and against each other obliquely to the middle of the package down running brick layers on pallets provided with supporting edges.

For the transport of bricks of all kinds and other products from the manufacturing plant to the construction site there are different stacking and transport systems and also different packages. All serve to make one To ensure the safest possible transport and to protect the bricks from breakage and other damage protection. In addition to pallets, steel strapping in particular is used for such packaging securing, or shrink film used for wrapping. This means that the packages and the pallets become one Unity connected. At the construction site, however, the packaging material, i.e. the steel strip or the Shrink film can be opened. Thereafter, this material must be removed as waste. The pallets However, they are often returned to the producer: returned and reuse 1.

In a known package (Brick & Clay Record, December 197 i, page 36 picture below) the bricks Stacked on a pallet with support edges in brick layers, the Support edges support the first brick layers that are placed at an angle on the support edges. The following Layers of bricks are also stacked on top of the first layers of bricks in a downward sloping manner, so that a package is formed, the layers of which are inclined towards one another in the middle of the package meet, the lower bricks of the brick layers located on one side of the package Overlap the lower bricks of the opposite brick layers. There the goat! at an angle to the middle of the package are stacked at an incline on the pallet and thereby solidify the package during transport, no steel band or shrink film is needed to secure the package.

When creating this package, however, the bricks are usually stacked on the pallet by hand, it is necessary that at least one worker is used to create a package must become. Apart from the high wage costs that result from this and the profitability Reduce the stacking process, there is another disadvantage that the performance is correspondingly low is. Because the bricks are not used in this way of stacking are treated carefully, damage occurs to the bricks, namely to the edges, on.

The invention is based on the object of a method and a method suitable for carrying it out Device for stacking bricks on pallets to create a flawless as well as without manual labor enables bricks to be stacked quickly and economically to form packages with interlocking and facing each other obliquely to the center of the packages downwardly extending brick layers are provided.

This object is achieved in the method according to the invention in that two brick layers in each case grouped fed and these are pushed off at right angles from the previous feed direction that then d'e two brick layers from the horizontal position in mutually sloping downward direction Positions transferred and transported in the area above the pallet, and that the brick layers in be transferred to these inclined positions of the pallet.

To carry out the method, a device is used according to the invention, which consists in that on a feed conveyor at a distance from one another two pushing devices acting transversely to the feed conveyor it is provided that two transfer plates are arranged in the push-off area of the push-off devices are, which are designed to pivot downwards against each other, that each transfer plate each on a movable carriage is attached, which is located in the area of a lifting and lowering table Pallet is movable, and that the transfer plates have a liftable and lowerable lock for stripping Brick layers is assigned.

The pivot axis of the one transfer plate is expediently mounted on an eccentric.

According to a further development of the invention, the lock consists of two movable on a carrier Retaining plates.

The method and apparatus according to the invention avoid the shortcomings of the Stapeins of bricks from I land so that /. B. made the creation of the brick stacks in less time can be. An increase in performance in connection

The immediate consequence is a reduction in personnel. In addition, the bricks are gentler treated so that damage to the brick is as good as impossible.

In the drawing is a device for implementation of the method according to the invention shown schematically It shows

F i g. 1 the top view of a device according to the invention,

F i g. 2 shows a side view of the device according to FIG.

F i g. 3 is a side view of the device along the line I1I-III in Fig.l,

4 + 5 further side views, similar to FIG. 3, but in different procedural stages and

F i g. 6 a package created with the device.

A feed conveyor 1 transports already grouped layers of bricks 2 and 3, which can consist of one or more rows of bricks, into the area of pushing devices 4 and 5, which push the layers of bricks 2 and 3 off the feed conveyor 1 transversely to the direction of travel. As a result, the brick layer 2 reaches a transfer plate 6, while the brick layer 3 is pushed onto a transfer plate 7 in such a way that the brick layers 2 and 3 find space on the partial ends of the transfer plates 6 and 7 facing away from the feed conveyor 1 (Fig . 1 and 2). Instead of the push-off devices 4 and 5, gripper devices can also be arranged which lift the brick layers 2 and 3 from the feed conveyor 1 and place them on the transfer plates 6 and 7.

The transfer plates 6 and 7 are arranged on carriages 8 and 9 and around the axes of rotation 10 and 11 designed to be pivotable with respect to one another, the axis of rotation 10 being mounted on an eccentric 12. After the goat layers 2 and 3 have been placed in readiness on the transfer plates 6 and 7, swivel the transfer plates 6 and 7 against each other by approx. 45 °, with the brick layers 2 and 3 against each other Stops 13 and 14 slide.

The carriages 8 and 9 now move with the pivoted transfer plates 6 and 7 in the direction of one on one Lifting and lowering table 115 located pallet 16. The transfer plates 6 and 7 are on the car 8 and 9 so stored that they are cantilevered with the brick layers 2 and 3 in readiness and just above the Pallet 16 project beyond this (position of the carriage 9 shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4).

As soon as the transfer plates 6 and 7 have reached the transfer position above the pallet 16 are, a lock 17 lowers in the direction of the transfer plates 6 and 7 behind the above the pallet 16 brick layers 2 and 3 located. The lock 17 consists of a carrier 18 that can be raised and lowered and retaining plates 19 and 20 formed to be movable to and fro on the carrier 18, which hold the Put behind brick layers 2 and 3.

After the lock 17 has now been lowered, the carriages 8 and 9 travel and thus also the transfer plates 6 and 7 back to the starting position near the feed conveyor 1, the retaining plates 19 and 20 the Hang on goat layers 2 and 3 and from the transfer plates Strip 6 and 7 off. The transfer plates 6 and 7 are thus under the support plates 19 and 20 held brick layers 2 and 3 away, with

ιυ lay the brick layers 2 and 3 on the folds 16. So that the brick layers remain on the pallet 16 in the inclined position fed in, it is necessary the first brick layers supplied, each of which usually consists of a row of bricks, against on the pallet 16

π located support edges 16a placed (Figure 4). the Supporting edges 16a can consist of triangular wooden blocks or of bricks placed on the pallet 16 exist. These inclined first brick layers now form the inclined bearing surfaces for the others Brick layers to be fed in, which are fed in groups according to size.

In the starting position near the feed conveyor 1 (Fig. 1-3), the transfer plates 6 and 7 are again brought into a horizontal position and are thus ready to take up the next brick layers. That The brick layers are transferred to the pallet 16 according to the scheme already described, although It should be noted that the carriages 8 and 9 and thus also the transfer plates 6 and 7 after the transfer of a

ίο brick layer must be moved against each other by brick layer thickness in the direction of arrows A and B , until the brick layers 2a and 3a collide in the middle of the pallet 16 ;. (Fig. 5).

When the stacking is so advanced, the lifting

) 5 and lowering table 15 lowered by the thickness of a brick layer and new brick layers 2b and 3b in front. the transfer plates 6 and 7 fed. Since the brick layers 2b and 3b and also the following brick layers to be deposited on the brick layers 2b and 3b overlap at the lower ends or are offset from one another, the brick layer 2b is brought into a position offset downwards in relation to the brick layer 3b (Fig. 5). This is done by the eccentric 12 moving the axis of rotation 10 from that in FIG. 4 to that in FIG

t ") moves. Since the following The brick layers supplied are also offset from one another on the brick layers already on the pallet 16 Brick layers are deposited, is described in the Proceed in a manner whereby after each stepped brick layer

ίο the lifting and lowering table 15 to the strength of one Brick layer is moved down.

After the package is in the form shown in FIG. 6 is completed, it is carried out by a transport chain transported away. At the same time a new ieere pallet 5 is placed on the lifting and lowering table 15, which is then placed in the Starting position for the formation of a new package is raised (Fig. 3).

For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Method of stacking bricks into a package with partially interlocking and against each other obliquely to the mine of the package downwardly extending brick layers with supporting edges provided pallets, characterized in that two layers of bricks are grouped together fed and these are pushed off at right angles from the previous feed direction that after that the two brick layers from the horizontal position in mutually sloping downward direction Positions transferred and transported to the area above the PaIeUe and that the Layers of bricks are transferred to the pallet in these inclined positions. 2. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that on a ^ n feed conveyor (1) at a distance from one another, two acting transversely to the feed conveyor (1) Push-off devices (4 + 5) are provided that in the push-off area of the push-off devices (4 + 5) two transfer plates (6 + 7) are arranged, which can be pivoted downwards against each other are designed that each transfer plate (6 + 7) each on a movable carriage (8 -I- S) is attached, which can be moved into the area of a pallet (16) located on a lifting and lowering table (15) is and that the transfer plates (6 + 7) a; raisable and lowerable lock (17) for stripping the Brick layers is assigned. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the axis of rotation (10) of the one Transfer plate (6) is mounted on an eccentric (12). 4. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the lock (17) consists of two on one Carrier (18) movable retaining plates (19 + 20) consists.