DE2559342A1 - Prestressed supporting constructional component - has plate or bar type parts prestressed to generate tension or compression loads - Google Patents

Abstract

Constructional component is partic. for use as a support resisting compression and bending loads in buildings, foundations, bridges, vehicles etc. It has two or more plate-or bar-type parts, pre-stressed against each other, in order to generate compression or tension loads in them. It can comprise a dish section and supporting members subjecting the section to tension load. There can be two parts assembled to form an interventing cavity accommodating a supporting core, which absorbs a compression load perpendicular to the dish section surfaces. Inside the core there are supporting parts at intervals, parallel to the dish surfaces and exerting a pressure on their edges so as to pre-stress them.

Description

Additional registration

for patent application P 25 52 586.4 of November 24, 1975 Hochbiegefestes Wall composite element, if necessary with thermal and acoustic insulation, especially for light-emitting wall parts, ceilings, roofs, building blocks and the like.

The subject of the present additional patent application is the further Improvement of the flexural strength as well as the thermal and acoustic insulation of components according to the main patent application P 25 52 586. 4 of 24.

November 1975, especially for light-emitting wall parts, ceilings, Dchcr.

Despite all efforts, the ones with are still transparent today Windows, plates or the like provided light openings are a matter of high heat losses in winter and also from annoying, annoying, excessive heat influences in summer, to which the constant traffic noise in the streets of the big cities is added adversely affect people's well-being.

s s is known that partly for architectural reasons, partly for a need for more light, the proportion of translucent outer walls of Buildings, halls and halls, partly also from ceiling elements, compared to earlier construction methods Despite the disadvantages has increased extraordinarily, this development has one Received a boost from the lightweight construction of high-rise buildings. Through wall elements, in particular for the formation of external walls that are mounted on building skeletons2 the questions of thermal protection and acoustic isolation urgently in the foreground.

The resulting disadvantages partly raise the advantages of this lightweight construction iln building construction again. To eliminate the disadvantages, full air conditioning is required and more efficient cooling systems. That requires foil expenses that z. Am IJSA can sometimes be more than 1/4 of the total construction cost. The valley in the Solnlner requires about the 10 to 1 sfadiene cost compared to the corresponding heating expenditure in winter with the same number of calories. The lightweight construction is naturally lacking required mass for heat storage. Conversely flows as a result of excessive I, light walls heat generated inside in winter as infrared radiation and as a result Cooling of the panes to the outside temperature almost unhindered by heat conduction outwards. The noise in the large stands penetrates through the enlarged light walls and windows to an even greater extent in the living room and office space and complicates any Task.

The wide light strips meet special requirements for the Façade supporting structural elements. That means serious economic losses. There is the urgent task, without negating the advantages of lightweight construction, to remedy these disadvantages through new solutions, the applicant has in older applications solutions have already been shown for lightweight construction elements with which it is possible to create solid, opaque components thermally and acoustically a high degree of insulating To give properties and at the same time also the rigidity of this lightweight pack to increase in a manner not previously achieved. The present application is for further improvement of these solutions, especially in the application to translucent Components, the invention provides that at least in one cavity, the of translucent panes, plates or the like made of any suitable, translucent material is limited, translucent layers, existing in particular made of plastic foils in a preferably elastically stretched state to achieve predetermined natural frequencies with known metal coatings, z. B. transparent gold coatings, one behind the other in one as required necessary number, parallel to each other, at short intervals, e.g. B. of about 4 mm, are arranged, The coating of such transparent plastic films with very thin metal layers, prevents heat rays in summer through reflection on entry into the inhabited rooms and, conversely, on exit in winter heated rooms, in the airtight and vapor-tight cavity between the elastically embedded panes are preferably a pre-dried, poor heat conducting gas. Substances absorbing water vapor can also be introduced his and / or ler hollow space with a device that circulates dry air (gas) as well as an evacuation device, because the foils at short intervals are stretched by a few millimeters, the air ducts between them are or gas layers at rest, the foils are made of transparent foam sheets or The like. Associated, this prevents convection. As a warmth bad Conductive gas can, for example, be introduced with sulfur hexadifluoride under reduced pressure. Correspondingly, the passage of sound is also reduced. Also honeycomb panels For example, clear plastic can also be added to the stretched, transparent foils be arranged oscillating elastically stretched. The cell width of the honeycomb is as possible To be provided large, uln the number of due to the point-wise overlapping of the honeycomb walls resulting sound and thermal bridges to a minimum. Be through a negative pressure between the interposed, e.g. closed-cell plastic foam sheets When pressed into the large honeycomb openings, the cell walls are correspondingly higher to maintain an optimal free space for the heat and sound insulation remains, Auth the transparent honeycomb panels can be coated with a metallic transparent coating be, as far as metals are concerned, one Subject to oxidation and / or the metal layer can be damaged, are the foils or honeycomb panels and the like. To be covered with a layer of polyethylene of less than 0.1 mm.

If necessary, the foils and the honeycombs are perforated to provide. To increase the reflection of sound and heat rays, between the tensioned foils as well as transparent foils in other cavities that are reflective are transparently coated with metals, interposed in clumped state be. They also prevent convection of the air or gas. Instead of plastic sheeting can use other sheet-like materials, preferably close together with small intermediate layers, z. B.

with large-meshed fabrics, such as transparent ones Papers that have a transparent metallic reflective coating and are stretched To this end, it is advantageous to reinforce their edge parts in order to create elastic, in particular to attach resilient means to these edge parts, these reinforced Edge parts transmit the tension of the springs or other tensioning devices via the paper or foil surfaces. The clamping devices can also be attached to reinforced corner parts of the to tensioning papers or foils in an approximately diagonal direction, e.g. eliminating further springs or the like.

The reinforced edge parts are to allow the vibrations of the Edge parts are not rigidly connected to one another, but consist, for example, of individual ones separate clamping bars.

Clamping bodies, Clamping strips or the like. In places or along the entire length (Sordino).

The papers and foils can be divided into partial areas, the are elastically coupled to one another by resilient means. To this coupling are suitable e.g. B. Springs and intermediate rubber bands. As an elastic clamping device, the take up little space in the direction of the planes of the foils, are particularly suitable Leaf spring-like means2 with short connecting wires on the edge parts of the Attack foils. The tensioning means can be arranged with adjustable tension.

Transparent glass fibers can also be placed between the panes in the cavity -Plates or the like, preferably bound with plastics through which the light diffusely refracted, be arranged. In the cells of transparent honeycomb panels can be used for diffuse refraction of rays, as well as for heavy sound insulation Substances, e.g. glass, bodies, especially glass spheres, also in very small form (instead of as known, e.g. grains of sand) or other free-flowing, preferably transparent Be well filled.

Such individual cell loads are irregular and occur one after the other V abenplatten to be made offset to each other in only part of the honeycomb.

For increased sound absorption, preferably soft elastic tensioned honeycombs, e.g. hard foam flakes, must be incorporated. Stretched honeycomb panels form resonators, the vibrations of which are caused by foamed-in or introduced fillers e.g. closed-cell rigid foams, are dampened as a result of Ru friction, also by Foam pjatten is pressed into the honeycomb openings and these are stretched. So can z. B. closed-pore plates2 those coated with metallic transparent Plastic foils are sheathed with the reflective coated surfaces the transparent honeycomb panels are stretched, elastic, heat and sound insulating Form reflecting chambers. The disks delimiting the overall cavity are also to be embedded elastically on all sides in order to absorb vibrations, the cavity delimitation can be done at least on one side with double panes. The one from the Double panes delimited a narrow cavity can with dry gases be ventilated and heated. These can have a negative pressure. The disks can, like the reflective foils and paper, have a metallic, transparent coating be.

In particular, the panes facing the inhabited interior space to keep at a temperature which is about a balance between those of them Heat rays radiating into the living room compared to those coming from them Induce warmth radiate. As far as screw connections are required, these should cannot be screwed through thermal insulation layers. The screw connections are preferred to be made elastic from insulating material, e.g. from plastic. Despite the The multitude of means and the multitude of their combinations are optimal Isolation effect always to provide an arrangement in which a minimum of heat and sound bridges through z. B. intersecting, only pointwise contact z. B. consists of ribbed plates and as many parts as possible can oscillate elastically are arranged and to these vibrating parts sound-absorbing means, the Able to convert sound vibrations into heat through friction. Furthermore is Basically, it has to be combined in such a way that the cavity delimits the living space Scheil l n approximately have the temperature of the living space and not that of the outside air.

This is possible with a three-disc, preferably four-disc, in particular in the form of two double panes to be made glazing with at least a cavity equipped as described above The cavity can be air- and be subdivided in a vapor-tight manner, including, for example, plastic glasses, e.g. acrylic glass can be used. The panes facing the living room are preferably thernio panes.

The insulating effect of the translucent wall is the better, the the greater the individual contact resistances and their total number. When not translucent Wall parts can be combined with heavy materials, e.g. metal plates, sheets or the like with gas layers that are provided with negative pressure.

Transparent reflective foils, membranes and the like. as Transparent films can be those made of polyethylene-Therphtalat with low light absorption be provided. Their heat-insulating effect is based on the reflection on them transparent metal coating.

Dry difluoromonochloromethane, which has a high thermal insulation value, preferably be provided with negative pressure.

The reflective panes, foils, foam panels, honeycomb panels and the like

may only reduce the visible light to the extent that as the housing requirements allow.

D n tensioned foils can through intermediate strips, grids or d z z. B. made of transparent plastic inclines taking place in stages be granted that an advantageous radiation angle and thus a crhöhte reflection allow heat to radiate.

With heat-absorbing inner panes facing the interior the heat rays hitting you from the heated living space are absorbed, thereby making the temperature of the room in conjunction with that in the cavity upstream Accept reflective media. In the summer, however, the upstream reflective Foil the heat rays so that they do not reach the interior window can advance.

The wellbeing of the interior depends on the temperature of the interior window people in the living room. Double-pane thermal panes have about ten times the thermal insulation value compared to simple thermal panes. Preferably is The optimal distance to be provided between the thermal panes is 12 mm.

The cells of the honeycomb panels can have any shape as required own, the intermediate layers are to be kept more soft, the more they are to absorb low frequencies. You can't be stiff.

The dynamic stiffness of the panels, e.g. foam panels, can can be reduced by profiling their surfaces. The insulating effect of closed-cell foams depends on the PJ: itten part of a Are resonators. Sound vibrations in the vicinity of the resonance or

The natural oscillation of the tensioned foils have large oscillation amplitudes recorded, and thus extracted a particularly large amount of energy from the sound field. Through the Arrangement of a number of staggered numbers with different frequencies vibrating foils, the entire frequency spectrum can be recorded.

The frames that hold the panes must also be embedded elastically, to vibrations to which the panes are subjected, not to adjacent structures or to have to transfer or absorb from adjacent wall elements.

Embodiments are shown below, two of which are shown in drawings Lengths are shown, explained in more detail.

Fig. 1 shows a vertical cross section through the upper and lower part of a double window.

Fig. 2 shows a vertical cross-section through the lower part of a preferably symmetrically in the upper part of the component formed in the same way.

Figure 1 shows in vertical section the upper and lower part of a Double window, in the outer frame 1 a double-pane thermal glazing 2a, 2b is used. To form a sufficiently deep insulating cavity H1 together with the inner frame 3 and its double glazing 4a, 4b, the outer frame 1 is widened. This insulating cavity is air and total designed to be vapor-tight.

Below and above this insulating cavity are the limiting ones Plates la, lb, which are used to arrange the insulating means, further cavities H2 and H3 are provided, which are used in particular to accommodate actuating means, e.g. B. tension springs, Electric motors, etc. are used.

Fig. 1 shows schematically in the upper part arranged offset to one another tensioned Fe (1erollen 5, on which foils, especially transparent plastic foils 6 are arranged so that they are at certain distances from each other, against the Tension, can be unrolled and in the lower part of the insulating cavity H1 on there provided hooks or the like. Lb through openings in the cover plate with tension springs 8, which are arranged in the cavity H3, are connected by wires. A film is pulled from the roll from top to bottom and elastic into it resilient hooks 7, 8 hooked, so they have a predetermined tension, with which they execute the natural oscillations within a predetermined frequency range and able to absorb. So the "humming tones" with lower frequencies, which can otherwise only be grasped through heavy and thick masonry, through corresponding tensioned foils 6 of suitable material thickness are absorbed.

These foils contribute to the resilient elastic arrangement on the hook, at least at the lower edge, reinforcements 9 with corresponding holes in which the hooks are inserted.

The pulled down foils 6 can also be stretched horizontally, including the vertical legs of the widened frame designed accordingly and resilient means can be arranged. These vertical frame legs are designed in such a way that the foils can be positioned on the side of the frame legs at an optional height can be resiliently attached (not shown). You can do this with the roller springs such tensions must be given that the tension of the foils is not or only changes insignificantly, despite the difference in height to which they are pulled down will. Furthermore, the film is divided into different partial areas, which are elastic are resiliently coupled to one another. These partial areas have different Natural frequencies that are superimposed as a result of the coupling and when the wave crest is with The troughs of the waves overlap, the vibrations cancel each other out.

The successive foils are in their tension and subdivision Y are matched to one another in such a way that they represent a maximum of the spectral range to be recorded can absorb. Between these resonators can preferably be transparent Means, e.g. B. foam sheets, which can be arranged, which the vibrations by friction convert into heat.

Another function of these foils is thermal insulation.

For this purpose, the crystal-clear foils can be coated with wafer-thin, but transparent Be provided with metal coatings. These metal coatings reflect long waves Radiate warmth. The rays of the invisible infrared range in particular come as such into consideration.

Due to the large number of metal coated ones arranged one behind the other The reflective effect can be increased or decreased as desired are pulled down from their spring rollers 5 by just pulling as many reflective foils down will be like the present Light conditions require this.

So that the sound insulation as a result of a lower number of pulled down Reflective foils 6 are not reduced, are transparent, non-reflective Foils with certain natural vibrations, as described above, clamped between them.

The individual foils 6 are preferably designed so that about an uncoated field of vision remains at eye level. Every single slide kaim accordingly the desired combination with other foils with transparent surfaces and reflective surfaces be designed differently. This means that all requirements for thermal and acoustic insulation. If in winter the outer panes 2a, 2b have the same low temperature as this due to the cold outside air, in this way, through the foils 6 stretched in the insulating cavity, the air can be transformed into resting, insulating Be divided into layers. The inner disks 4a, 4b are then insulated in such a way that they have about the same temperature as the air in the living room. The well-being a person is dependent on the balance that emanates from his body Radiate heat to radiate the heat that impinges on him. The inner discs 4a, 4b play a major role in bringing about this equilibrium in winter. The panes 4a, 4b facing the living space can be combined as thermal panes be reflective and the incident from the heated living space Radiate heat rays back into them.

On e.g. the inside 4b of the double pane 4a, 4b to the insulating holi space A flat, transparent body, e.g. made of crystal-clear plastic, can be added to it Filled water can be arranged in a detachable liquid-tight manner. One can Wall z. B. be formed from a flexible, crystal clear plastic film and tight rest on the disc 4b and the other wall made of plastic, z. B. a plastic plate and adhesive or fastening means on the Frame 3 and the disc 4b may be provided. The living space warmed up in winter from thel Outwardly penetrating heat rays are held back by this layer and heats the water.

Around the heat rays that are directed outwards by delll heated water are to be fed back into this; llllen, small upstream as required, between the panes 2b and 4b optionally interposed reflective foils he rabgezo be genes. This means that every degree of protection against the escape of heat rays from can be achieved inside out. With reflective foils that can optionally be switched between 6 and detachable arrangement of a water layer in winter it is possible at any time of the day or of a season, in every climatic zone, an optimum of thermal and acoustic insulation both from the outside in and vice versa from the inside to achieve externally.

The spring rollers 5 can be attached to predetermined tension springs of different strengths 10, which are attached to the ceiling la of the Ilohlraumes H2, be suspended. In addition the springs 10 engage with corresponding wire clips on the axes 5a of the spring rollers 5, so that they are resiliently held by the brackets. The axes of the spring rollers 5 are for guidance in vertical slots 11 of second guide plates arranged on both sides 12 arranged to swing up and down. Instead of hanging on the ceiling, you can la the springs can be designed as compression springs which are applied from above against the inner surface la of the upper cavity H2 is arranged and by a disc at the upper end, which is connected to the spring roller, pressed together according to the tension of the film and a cylindrical screw spindle, which is also on the inside the ceiling la is attached and protrudes up through the compression spring, a The lower mother bears by her attitude towards the lower one resting on her end of Compression spring converts this into an optionally adjustable preload zu versetzzl w-el ag (not shown.

In the same way, according to this variant, the Springs for the lower hooks 9 for hanging the film pulled down with tension 6, as well as the resilient means to be arranged on the vertical Rahluen legs to accommodate lateral hooks or the like. The films that can be pulled down to any height 6 be formed.

The invention provides a further variant in the lower cavity H3 under the frame bottom lb rollers with or without spring tension, like the latter for upper part described to be arranged (not shown).

These pulleys have pulleys or the like. On which ropes are wound up. With these ropes it is possible to use the taut foil, the one appropriately larger length than the height of the translucent wall optionally more or less from the upper spring roller to the lower spring roller, which can have an opposite spring tension to rewind. Is for example the length of the film is 3 times the height of the light wall. B. the first third this film must be crystal clear and uncoated. The second third can be split up be in 3 areas, of which the middle area has a crystal clear field of view without coating possesses, while the sub-surfaces located above and below are reflective are coated.

The last third of the film can then be fully reflective be coated, z. B. the layer thickness towards the upper and lower part of the film can be larger than in the central part in order to avoid heat rays outside the field of vision increased reflect.

Such different designs of the overall film are arbitrary can be combined with the preceding and following, also optionally different formed foils of different, separated resilient subdivision and material type and material thickness, as well as different Natural frequencies.

Instead of actuating the individual foils via pulleys, e.g. B.

by means of ropes guided airtight and vapor-tight into the living space this is done by electric motors via controllable gears.

The double discs 2a, 2b and 4a, 4b are on the inner edge parts elastic to each other by an airtight and vapor-tight, elastic circumferential spacer 12 arranged and furthermore in an outer u-shaped nm the edge parts circumferential and at the same time sealing, highly elastic profile 14 is embedded so that it can vibrate.

Between the double panes 2a, 2b and 4a, 4b, heat can be difficult conductive dry gases, e.g. B. sulfur hexafluoride, e.g. B.

be introduced with negative pressure or other insulation used especially translucent thirds. The frames 1 and 3 are elastic and At the same time airtight and vapor-tight, e.g. embedded in a vibratory manner via seals 15.

The cavities H1, H2, H3 can with a drying gas, in particular a gas that does not conduct heat well, preferably filled with negative pressure. For this purpose, pipes 16, 17 with a valve 18 are provided, which lead to an evacuation device to lead.

On the other hand, if the pressure should roughly match the atmospheric pressure If there is pressure, the pipe 16 can be airtight and vapor-tight via a valve 19 Bag 20 be connected, which increases the volume that occurs when heated absorbs the gas. This 21 can z. B. in a suspended ceiling / provided be.

Recording the vibrations is not enough for sound insulation by vibratory means, e.g. by those with corresponding natural frequencies stretched foils 6, rather it requires additional means to transform the Oscillations in irregular molecular heat movement. For this purpose, e.g. transparent, as transparent as possible, plastic pillars, preferably closed ones Pores, which are arranged between the foils and an energy conversion through friction carry out. It can also z. B. transparent creased foils are inserted in between, especially with reflective, translucent metal coatings.

Another possibility is the subdivision already presented the tensioned foils in resiliently coupled partial areas with frequency differences, so that through the coupling wave crest and wave valley superimpose and the oscillation Clear.

The same effect can also be achieved by diagonal tensioning of the foils and / or their partial areas can be reached.

Another possibility is to use the resiliently arranged edge parts to be provided with separate strips and at least on these strips clamping and thereby dampening means, similar to that of musical instruments Placing a "Sordino" on the bridge of the string instrument takes place, the sound vibrations to dampen.

Should a negative pressure or a vacuum be created in the cavities suitable means of support must be provided. For example, the Slides in side by side on the same roll or on the same edge strips arranged bands can be vertically divided with small intervals and between them Interruptions of vertical, transparent ribs, e.g. made of plastic material, supporting protrude through. There are horizontally ribbed, transparent plastic plates between the foils, Point by point with the vertically ribbed intersecting, if necessary in multi-fold alternating sequence, forming large narrow chambers, arranged. The Ribbed plates are designed so that they can be seen on both sides, whether horizontal, be it vertical ribs, which then alternate between the foils to be ordered.

Transparent or transparent honeycomb panels can also be used for support serve with large cell widths.

In principle, not only foils, but also panels, plates, Discs of any kind, including those with profiles, in particular transparent through Springs or other tensioning means elastically swingable ge, to achieve predetermined Natural frequencies, preferably tensioned in conjunction with other tensioned means be arranged.

Toughened glasses are known per se. According to the invention are to pretension them so that they have predetermined natural frequencies and in the tensioned State are elastically embedded.

The insulating cavity H1 can be arranged one behind the other and next to one another Individual elements to be provided are sealed vapor-tight on all sides, preferably crystal-clear, accommodate very narrow, box-shaped hollow bodies, in den.n different insulating means are included under particularly advantageous insulation conditions. Due to the interchangeability such finished, combined insulating body in various succession and different types can all insulation requirements according to the seasons and the climatic zones are met.

For example, in such a transparent, vapor-proof closed hollow body crystal-clear plastic films with an extremely thin metal coating, e.g. gold coating, with crystal-clear meshed fabrics, e.g. made of plastic fibers a few tenths of a millimeter thick, alternating as spacers be arranged with perforations on protruding cross pins and this cross spring the foils attached to them on the ceiling and floor so that they can vibrate as a whole tighten. Are the upper and lower hole spacings on the individual foils with different distance provided, then there are predetermined different Natural frequencies despite common arrangement. The union at common resilient Cross pins is a coupling with the effect that the vibrations are superimposed Delete from wave crest and wave valley.

Another embodiment of such a flat, box-like Hollow body consists in placing one or two transparent cover sheets between the two several ribbed plates with statically sufficient, as far apart as possible, z. B. to equip vertical and horizontal ribs, the linear contacts the ribs with the outer surfaces can be reduced to point-wise contact insulating, transparent, roughly trapezoidal or pointed plastic bodies that are preferably slidably placed on the ribs and thus optionally statically conditioned distance to each other instead of the linear rib contact only allow point-by-point contact.

If several ribbed plates are required in a row, are to arrange these in a crossing manner. This box-like flat hollow body should preferably be evacuated. This creates an intermediate body that can be used in the insulation room is used, which largely prevents the transmission of sound vibrations, where the remaining isolation room under normal atmospheric pressure, z. B.

may have a heat insulating gas.

Instead of ribbed plates, differently profiled plates can also be used, i.a. corrugated plates, in the box-shaped, flat hollow body, preferably with Voltage, e.g. B. by evacuation of the air and exposure to external pressure or by engaging pins with resilient snap-in means lÇnoP workpieces with snap-in profiles or slots, these two parts being fixed to the opposing wall parts are provided, be arranged.

The borders of this hollow body are preferably made of vapor-proof, elastic, vibratory, as transparent as possible, e.g. rubber-like means, perform and arranged valves to the hollow body.

In a further embodiment relating to these exchangeable, flat, box-like hollow bodies are e.g. crystal-clear honeycomb panels in single or multiple successions, in the latter case with crystal-clear, level intermediate layers placed in the at least transparent hollow body and with water - this if necessary with antifreeze - completely filled. The edge parts of the hollow body are solid connected to one another, for example by means of plastic screws, rivets or the like. Or the surfaces by intermediate locking means, as described above. Here you can from one wall side r r locking means to z. B. an intermediate level Engage middle wall in there firmly arranged snap-in pipe pieces and other snap-in means towards the opposite side of the central wall to the other outer surface of the hollow body be provided. As a precautionary measure you can take up the, even if only marginally water that expands through heat, this from the upper edge part of small flexible, horizontal plastic tubes.

Basically, the distance and fastening means between outer walls be in two or more parts and also run offset to one another, with the through the dislocation formed distance is bridged by insulating means.

The cut edges of the honeycomb walls can be used to prevent contact z. B. executed jagged and thus the contact to an optional number be restricted by points.

Honeycomb walls, ribbed plates and wave plates can also be made of transparent Material, reflective metallic coated and predetermined by pushing or pulling Tension.

As flexible to be arranged preferably with tension in the insulating cavity Vapor-tight, crystal-clear plastic films in composite form are also suitable, being in a coincident position to one another in opposite directions, e.g. B. Well-like characteristics are pre-standardized and the films together around these wells are welded around each other. Before this welding can be done in such cells, depending on the purpose, e.g. heat poorly conducting gases or water or small glass beads or, if a passage of light is not required, z. B. sea sand or other Heavy substances are filled in irregularly, alternating with e.g. gas fillings and be welded and this composite film - are also multiple composite films possible - stretched by resilient elastic means, such as the plastic foils be placed in the insulating cavity, with those equipped with heavy fabrics Cups dampen the sound vibrations of the other foil parts.

Also other equipment of such interchangeable and arbitrary in allow the sequence, as well as side by side, box-shaped hollow bodies it, any attachments to the insulation as well as to the support of Light wounds are to be placed, correspond to. The box-shaped Hollow bodies can also be stretched between the previously described ones, e.g. via spring rollers Foils, if necessary together with other insulating or support means, arranged will.

The tensioned foils, as well as flexible composite foils and also the optionally usable flat, box-shaped hollow insulating bodies are preferred Airtight and vapor-tight on all sides compared to the preceding or following elements which are placed in the insulating cavity, sealed. This makes it possible, for. B.

the spaces thus formed to the disks 4a, 4b by electrical To heat resistors, or warm air in these spaces with an additional and to provide a circulating flow.

The water-bearing box-shaped hollow body can, for. B.

be heated with electrical resistors. It can also be between crystal clear foils, electrical resistance wires going back and forth in many windings be welded in, with the maximum applicable temperature level due to resistances is limited.

The double panes 2a, 2b, (as well as 4a, 4b can also be heated with hot air, the inflow and outflow tension, e.g. via tubes that run through the elastic edge inserts 12 can be heated in winter.

It is also possible for water to flow through the double pane 4a, 4b in winter or be filled and heated by an electrical resistor.

In addition to the flat, box-shaped hollow bodies with honeycomb inlay notes that on both sides of a honeycomb, for example, transparent, closed-pore foam Plates, encased on all sides in crystal-clear plastic sheeting, preferably are coated metallic reflective, can be provided.

The connection of the two transparent or translucent cover plates the box-like body can be secured by anchor bolts, in particular made of plastic, with flanges or with the above-described snap-in pins or associated snap-in pipe sections done by stamping pressure on the surfaces of the cover plates, creating a predetermined Pressure is created and maintained inside, under which the foam sheets Press the reflective foils into the honeycomb openings. There are those Honeycomb openings or

Keep cell widths as large as possible in order to minimize noise and noise To form heat bridges. The honeycombs can with gases or water or the like. How prescribed, be filled.

Fig. 2 shows in vertical cross section a component consisting of a central support group formed by spaced apart Tubes 101, preferably square tubes with cylindrical bores 101a and therein used round tubes 102 or round rods or multi-purpose rods that in diameter are preferably smaller than the cylindrical bores 101r and static wear rings 102a at certain distances, preferably with ventilation slots 102b, which prevent the tubes 102 or round bars from bending out. In the ends at least however, internal threads 101c are cut into one end of the bore 101a, into which threaded pieces 103 are screwed after the pipe 102 or the Round rod with seals 102c have previously been used. The length of the Round tube or rod 102 to be dimensioned so that screw against each other of the threaded pieces 103, these rods or pipe parts 102 are placed under very high pressure can be generated, which creates a counterpressure equal to that of the outer tube 101 in a correspondingly high tensile stress. This causes tensile stress as a latent precaution of the tube 101, a corresponding increase in its flexural strength.

The pipe 101 can e.g. be drilled on the side via a CIFL pipe Valve are evacuated, or this takes place in an evacuation room, including appropriate, Devices to be operated from outside in this evacuated space to the evacuation openings are provided through which these are closed after the evacuation has been carried out, e.g.! B. be soldered shut. The high preload can be achieved by protruding, correspondingly large head formation of the threaded pieces 103 as well as on these heads attachable long cranks or levers (not shown) to the limit of material strength take place.

Once a certain preload has been achieved, the clamping head must be removed, e.g. cut off. If necessary, e.g.

by milling a part of the threaded pieces screwed into the thread 101c 103 can be removed to a certain depth or a hole with an inner Thread can be milled into the threaded piece 103. This makes it possible, among other things, to use Towards the outside, additional screws to connect the pre-stressed pipes 101 to be used with other element parts as well as to create additional stresses. The pipes 101 are between cover plates 104 arranged on both sides, for example sound-insulated Composite sheets 104 spaced from one another in a corresponding number, e.g. by Gluing with the composite cover plates and / or arranged by welding. These Cover plates 104 can be made by e.g.

circumferential seals 104a to be sealed airtight and vapor-tight. This gives the possibility of the cavities between them and the side by side spaced tubes 101, be it with a negative pressure or vacuum or to be provided with an overpressure. To connect these cavities to one another sin d e.g. grooves in the approximately horizontal direction in the surfaces of the tubes 101, the abut against the cover plates 104, incised. Also in those delimiting the cavities Seals 104b (e.g. circumferential) can, for example, have corresponding, grooves 104c connecting the cavities may be provided.

It is also possible, if necessary, to make such cavities with plastic foams foamed, e.g. with polyurethane. The distances between the tubes 101 can be e.g. be dimensioned so that they allow the passage of cross bolts 117, which cover plates 104 from the inside and / or outside with nuts 105a or flanges as a pressure and / or spacer. As a spacer for any size Distances can also be pipe sections running parallel to the cover plates 104 in the Spacing gaps can be arranged between two tubes 101 each.

A bulging of the tubes is thus parallel in the lateral direction to the top surfaces prevented.

Instead of the tube 101 with the inner tube 102 can do the same Stress principle any number of further pipes concentric one around the other, each consisting of several parts, with mutual thread engagement at the ends, be angeoranet and the diameter of the smaller pipe in front of it is exciting. For this purpose, the pipes have sufficient wall thicknesses with deep, shallow, very smooth threads made of high-strength material.

The overall pipes form a prestressed unit, each of which subsequent pipes the inward to upstream pipes in additional tension offset and the totality of the following tensions the tension of the innermost prestressed pipe increased accordingly.

Such tube groups arranged in airtight manner in rectangular boxes 104 can be arranged one behind the other several times, whereby it is advantageous the position of the tubes 101 and thus the position of the cavity gaps between two tubes to be offset to the following pipe groups. These pipe groups can go through Pressing means, nuts and flanges attached to the outer surfaces of the cover plates 104 are provided, are supported in a rigid manner. Between the groups can be elastic Layers e.g. made of rubber or plastic (e.g. copolyumerisate foils) on both sides glued, be provided.

Fig. 2 shows on both sides of the tube group 104 trapezoidal sheets 105 between provided insulating panels 106, consisting of, for example, closed-cell plastic foam panels. The trapezoidal sheets 105 can for example consist of two or more sheets, between which a plastic layer, e.g. sound-absorbing copolymer, is provided. (Sandwich shape), The insulating plates 106 provided on both sides are on the cover plates 104 and composite shells 107 attached by gluing. The trapezoidal wave units 105b touch through the intermediary Insulating plates 106 strip the plates 104 and 107.

By pronounced or attached approximately pointed spacer means 105c can only make point-wise contact in statically predetermined maximum distances be achieved. The tips 105b placed on or inserted in perforations are preferably made of insulating plastic material.

The composite plate 107 can exist as an insulating sandwich plate of at least two plates, preferably made of metal, with an intermediate layer e.g. made of foamed plastic, e.g. polyurethane or copolymer be. Due to the adhesive force of the polyurethane, such sandwich panels have a high shear strength and, together with tensile and compressive strength, high flexural strength, which is additionally increased by especially vertical profiling of the sheet metal walls can be. On both sides of this composite or sandwich plate 107, further support means, E.g. larger corrugated composite trapezoidal plates 109 can be provided and following these, with the interposition of insulating plates 108, e.g. made of plastic foam, external and inner shells 114, 115, the surfaces of which are directed towards the trapezoidal plates 109 are preferably profiled perpendicular. These outer shells 114, 115 are made of anchor bolts 116 and 117 towards each other and against the trapezoidal sheets and the inside arranged vertically supporting pipes pressed. This will be in the trapezoidal sheets Forces generated that stretch up and down as well as increased lateral Effect pressure on the horizontally corrugated trapezoidal sheets 109 by flattening their waves. This gives the component a tension in the vertical and horizontal directions, which makes it more resistant to bending.

The supporting pipes 101 are over the intermediate plates 104 linear and isolated supported. The sandwich panels or sandwich panels arranged inside Composite sheets 107 are angled outwardly in a U-shape at their edge parts and close the inner core of the component airtight and vapor-tight by means of one between them Flanges arranged elastic seal on all sides.

Due to the U-shaped flange, an anchor screw116 is considered to be endless Screw guided airtight, one end of which has a removable, annular widening by a ring 116c attached, for example, with a screw. So that is Screw spindle secured an unchangeable axial that only rotates allows. The annularly widened foot 116kr of the spindle 116 is in the outer shell 114, which can be, for example, a concrete shell with an external plaster 114a, in a housing 116d embedded. The opposite shell 115 may also be a e.g.

load-bearing concrete shell be with a plaster layer 115a and a screwable Take up spindle head 116a with seal 116b.

This screw head can initially be extended to its actuation Spindle part protruding outward and after the spindle 116 by its rotation those arranged on it, in opposite directions in a predetermined manner movable nuts 22 and 24 has moved into their end position, after loosening the locking screw 116e can be screwed in deeper. Then the outwardly protruding spindle part cut off. The spindle is responsible for the actuation of the nuts arranged on it 22 and 24 on their circumference within certain areas cut threads of if necessary opposite gear direction and different pitch and Corridor length. The diameter of the thread areas is appropriate for inserting the nuts increasing in steps (not shown).

The nuts are when turning the spindle against the inside of the U-shaped flanges or an intermediate elastic strip 123 pressed and thus the flanges 107a, 107b, 107c forced the surfaces of their composite and Sandwich panels 107 curved inwardly in a concave manner in the direction of bending against one another. As a result, the pressure on the trapezoidal sheets 105 continues to increase and from this transferred to the support tubes 101, supporting them. The nuts 124 on the spindle 116 press against each other as the spindle rotates in the direction against U-shaped bridges 125 seated on the spindle 116 with slots through which the edge parts of the cover plate.

104 th @ and thus the tubes 101 arranged between them increased be supported. All nuts 122 and 124 are made at the same time by the endless Screw spindle 116 moves and reach the same.

early their rorestirnmten end positions.

In the spaces between the spindles 116 are perpendicular spindles 127 also as endless screws with a conically widened foot 127a and head nuts 128 made of metal or plastic and one facing up on the copy nuts arranged continuous or circumferential sealing strips 128 preferably -wise with metal strips 129 'through which the cavity. in which 105 the trapezoidal sheets @ are located, is sealed airtight and vapor-tight. arranged. These spindles 127 are through slots 141 via perforations (not shown). those from below are provided by the footplates 129. operated as endless screws. Through this can the nuts 128 against the angled edge parts 105d of the trapezoidal sheets 105, these Trapezoidal sheets are moved compressively. There is a further increase in voltage in the horizontal and vertical direction of this support means. In the places through which the spindles 117 protrude through, can if necessary to enable a flattening of the trapezoids want a corresponding widening or elongation the perforations may be provided. The inward pressure against the cover plates 104 and 107 towards the outside against the composite panels \ takes place linearly over the corrugation crests.

For reasons of reducing sound and thermal bridges,

These contacts are reduced to a statically permissible level are, by in the strip-shaped wave crests expressions 105b or 109b are attached to the outside at predetermined intervals.

As a result, there is only point contact. Instead of such The trapezoid apex can have perforations in the e.g. semicircular or triangular, e.g. pointed plastic bodies inserted from the outside and inside will. which prevent metallic contact. The spindles 117 can both protruding through the inwardly directed corrugation crests, airtight and vapor-tight be arranged as especially offset by the outward-facing Vertices 5b and 109 105 109b of the corrugated sheets \ and / or the corrugated sheets \ to the Purpose.

to press these shafts through the spindles 117 in the inward direction. This pressure can be supported in this way. that in the air- and total and individual cavities between which the trapezoids are sealed different pressures matched to each other corresponding to the receiving plates Via pipe openings 13l. 132, 133, 134 and, if necessary, valves (not drawn) are provided. For example, via tube openings 132 in the outwardly directed cavities of the trapezoidal sheet \ a negative pressure or Vacuum must be established. however, in the same trapezoidal sheet inwards towards hermetically sealed cavities but the openings 131 an overpressure is provided be.

The negative pressure or the vacuum in the first-mentioned spaces causes. that the outer shells 114 are concave in the direction towards the inlays of the component be pressed. The same pressure conditions can also apply to the inner shell 115 and the cavities 109 me of the trapezoidal sheet \ can be provided. So that gets the Structural element from both sides additionally the atmospheric pressure of 10 t / sqm.

The shell 114 has a perpendicularly corrugated surface 114b on the Inside. A similarly corrugated sheet metal can be placed in this corrugated surface 114b 114d, e.g. by gluing, screwing or by pouring the Eye surface of this corrugated sheet 114d with the fabric that forms the outer shell should, t.B. with concrete. Touch the vertical corrugation crests of this sheet 114d with the horizontal wave crests of the nber a 108 109 insulating plate / assigned trapezoidal sheet / only at the contact points. To make these points smaller. are the already described pronounced or superimposed, semi-round or pointed plastic body provided, always with an insulating intermediate layer exists between the insulating plate / and between the intersecting metal sheets. To the Bringing about the same pressure conditions in the vertical shaft spaces and the horizontally adjacent corrugations of the trapezoidal sheets 109, the insulating panels \ be provided with perforations 108a.

109 The trapezoidal panels y can be made of any other suitable Material, e.g. plastic. All ceiling walls are fundamentally (e.g. on the Trapezoidal surfaces 114d, 115b and the surfaces 108) of the insulating plates 106 and / reflective or coated, e.g. with aluminum foil.

The anchor screw 117 has opposing threads on both sides of the pipes 101 with threaded nuts 109a and 105a arranged thereon. These are simultaneously brought into their predetermined end positions when turning the screw head 117a. It is possible to choose the pressure so that the composite panels 107 e.g. get a slightly concave curve inwards. To secure certain distances are counter-threaded nuts 117e with gaskets arranged between them 117f to the inside of the shells 114,115 or

the associated insulating plates 108 arranged.

The right building shell 115 also shows on the inside below and airtight at the top by means of circumferential seals 150 and 135? a vertically corrugated one Profiling 115b. Preferably, no metal is used in this corrugation be about the "breathing" of the building board made in particular of porous building material 115 with absorbent gypsum plaster 115a.

The moisture absorbed by this porous shell 115, 115a can be via the pipe sections or valves 133 and the openings 1C8a in the intermediate insulating plate 108 sucked off and cleaned by dry air or e.g. by a poorly heat conducting, previously dried gas to be replaced die in both directions from the horizontal Cavities formed by corrugations can be connected by slots 109c. It prevails then the same pressure in all shaft channels, omitting the slots 1O9c, then individually and completely closed in the vapor-tight by suitable means Wave channels (in the direction of the shell 107) via pipe openings 130, e.g. a negative pressure or overpressure.

The overall cavity as well as the individual cavities between the construction shells 114 and the vertical and horizontal wave channels and also between the Shell 107 and the wave channels adjoining it is sealed off in a vapor-tight manner.

For this purpose, a vapor-tight insulating plate 135 is circumferential between the outer shell 114 or the sheet metal 114b and the inner shell 107, on their flanges 107b, are provided. The vertically corrugated sheets on the inside the building shell 114 are for this purpose by means of correspondingly designed elastic seals 114c, which close the profiles under pressure, sealed airtight and vapor-tight. Likewise, all of the corrugated spaces on the shell 115 can be air-tight and vapor-tight by means of a corresponding metallic coating, e.g. by means of an aluminum foil, on the be formed perpendicularly corrugated inner surface. In particular, such Spaces through the valves and openings 131, 132, 133 mentioned, which conduct heat poorly Gases can be introduced in the dried state at different pressures, depending on the Purpose requirement with an underpressure or an overpressure or with the equilibrium Pressure that exists in the atmosphere. These rooms can also be equipped with volume compensation devices be connected.

All breakthroughs, be it in the trapezoidal plate or the building shells or Insulation panels and cover sheets are airtight and vapor-tight compared to the neighboring ones Sealed spaces (not shown).

With that it is possible. optionally the most favorable predetermined To maintain pressure conditions in the cavities, chambers, cells, or degl.

The perpendicular spindles 127 move the bridges as they rotate 125, the nut-like provided with threads on the passage of the spindles are, down and thus press the spindle 116 with all arranged on it Component parts also downwards, this also on the opposite side upper end of the component with the bridges arranged there in the same way 125 up. So that the entire component is a preload in perpendicular Direction given by which its flexural strength is additionally increased.

The totality of these combined means makes it possible to Providing structural elements with pre-stresses in all directions that meet all requirements on flexural strength and, if necessary, on sound and heat insulation.

At least the inner component between the composite shells 107 is embedded circumferentially in elastically insulating sealing means 143. as well the building shell 115 has an additional elastic border 135 Floor parts or ceiling parts, e.g.

concrete. can, however, be covered with a metal plate 136.

To the component a very specific position. be it on a foundation. be it on and / or on a ceiling, a groove 138 can be cut out in this be. in which a U-shaped rail 139, the Cber screws 140 with the support group 101, 104, is connected. can be used. The U-shaped rail 139 is preferred arranged circumferentially and closes the insulating group on all sides via a seal 120 airtight and vapor-tight. The ceiling walls 104 are preferably on all sides Edge parts formed with bends 104a, so that they the perpendicular compressive forces take up with the horizontal head and foot bends and the side perpendicular Bends increase their flexural strength and load-bearing capacity.

The building shells 114 and 115 can, for. B. by a perpendicular Profiling 114b, 115b, their inwardly facing surfaces increased load-bearing capacity be. Plates 114d, e.g., trapezoidal sheets, can be used in such profiles. e.g. by gluing, screwing or by casting these parts (e.g. Concrete with trapezoid 114d) be connected to one another.

Preferably all internal surfaces are directed towards cavities are. reflective coating, e.g. made of aluminum pollen or high-gloss finish, see B as polished aluminum sheets.

For example, aluminum creased foils can be placed in the trapezoidal cavities or also reflectively coated plastic creased foils for subdivision of the room and thus prevention of convection of any gases in it be brought in.

Also reflective, e.g. B. can be coated with metal paper layers wrinkled tightly on tightly flat or with z. B. machine fabric or plastic intermediate layers while adapting to the shape of the cavity in large numbers, highly insulating in the cavities1 Cells or the like. Be classified. Another example is filling with free-flowing, preferably reflective material, e.g. glass beads, plastic beads, Pieces of glass. Mentioned sea sand. As a sound-absorbing one and dividing the layers of air in a dormant manner Fillers also come from fibrous materials. e.g. glass fibers.

Glass wool, rock wool and the like. In particular, @ase come into consideration Poor heat conducting dry gases into consideration with a negative pressure. To increase the sound insulation or attenuation can be irregular and with successive or z. B. obliquely offset cavities offset from one another at least partially Filling with heavy material in certain areas of the individual shaft cavities take place. through which the cavities, which are more susceptible to vibrations, are not loaded or their limiting parts experience vibration damping.

Instead of damping due to load, damping can also be used when vibrating Surfaces made by clamping from both sides. for example like the Rail of a violin bridge through a clamping damper (sordino), whereby also the weight of the damper plus the sound attenuation caused by the clamps elevated.

This can also be done. that irregular individual places, in particular cavities or cavity walls of the trapezoidal sheets, e.g. by arranging them of individual heavy pieces of metal, discs or the like, for example made of lead, s.B. are burdened by sticking, Fig. 2 shows above and below the elastic gasket 143 metal plates 145, 146, which through resilient metal parts 145 approximately in a zigzag shape elastic in the elastic seal 143 metal parts 145a firmly connected to one another over the full width. This to that Purpose, sound vibrations, which via the building shells 107 or their flange parts 107c are exercised via the metal plates 145 and the elastically oscillatable zigzag-like Connecting pieces 145a of the lower metal plate 146, which directly over a wide area lie tightly and firmly e.g. on a foundation or a concrete ceiling. This enables the deflection of the vibrations picked up by the building shells 1G7 from the building element into the extraordinarily much larger mass of the foundations or Ceiling parts. This is done without the ability of the building shell 107 to vibrate their elastic arrangement on the steam-tight circumferential elastic seals 143 to affect somehow. The structure-borne sound vibrations of the composite sheet 107 are made very difficult by intermediate sound-absorbing copolymer layers, so that the vibrations flow away through the freely vibrating plates 145 and the zigzag metal parts 145a connected to it such that they can vibrate via the Plates 146 connected to the surface of the concrete are far less resistant Path or a high energy gradient for the vibrations.

The zigzag-like elastically resilient connecting piece 145 can be vulcanized in highly elastic rubber.

Also via the U-shaped part 139 and the tightly and tightly adjacent Cover plates 104 and bridges 125 are the plates 146 the sound vibrations this component parts supplied. The interior shell 115 is thus removed from the receptacle kept free from forced structure-borne sound vibrations.

The anchor bolts 116 and 117 can be rotatable instead of at their ends to be stationary or to be stored. also at any suitable intermediate point be arranged as a screw without end, n.B.

with conical or ring-shaped attachments, such. B. to the one in 101 the free spaces between the pipes or the DecId> lechen 104.

Furthermore, instead of an outer and inner tube 101 Existing tube y can also be a tube that consists of a plurality of concentrically adjoining, mutually tensioned according to the same principle Pipe parts is formed.

These additionally arranged pipe parts can, for example, each consist of two parts exist, which are provided at their ends with internal and external threads. the internal threads engage those at the ends of the encompassed, smaller diameter cut into the outer thread of the pipe, which are screwed against each other. The heads of these tubes are designed so that they can be connected with large levers are and thereby a very high torque can be exerted on them. By this pressure exerted against one another of the two- or three-part comprehensive Pipes, the pipe of smaller diameter is additionally threaded with it tense. It can then through the clamping tube already arranged in its interior be retightened again.

The arrangement of a plurality of such concentrically encompassing one another Pipe parts allows at least one additional additional stress of the smallest prestressed pipe. The outer thread incisions are used for the arrangement one further clamping tube or the clamping tube parts each. over the last pipe of the thus formed multiple tube unit can, for. B a square tube or a square tube Tube are pushed that. Be it has a corresponding cylindrical bore or has an angular cavity which is linear with the introduced tube unit touched.

The wall thicknesses of the individual pipes or pipe parts are the requirements adjust accordingly. Between the edge parts that are pressed together, Sealing N materials should preferably be arranged in a ring. It can also be proceeded in such a way that air spaces between the pipe parts are created by aluminum stand rings which are connected to each other e.g. via bowls in the rings stand, but the end pieces carrying the thread are so much stronger in the material are held that the required engagement in the external thread of the preceding Pipe is secured. The free ones thus formed between the rings or pipe walls Rooms can be evacuated individually or as a whole and thus the atmospheric one Apply pressure concentrically on the surface of the outer tube and the engagement secure the thread and increase the flexural strength.

The angular b w square shape of the outermost tube serves primarily Line to this, a flat arrangement of the multiple pipe unit on flat cover plates or the like. Wall parts to enable.

For reasons of reduced heat and sound conduction, these can be flat Contact through concave recesses or bulges of the square surfaces on the Corner edges are reduced.

The position of the pipes can be done by horizontal pipe pieces that are between the top walls and two vertical tubes each are arranged precisely and the bulge or excluding buckling in the direction of the course of the horizontal pipes, to the extent that metal connections are made instead of plastic or plastic material are essential. A nickel-iron alloy can be used to reduce heat conduction serve with about 30-40% nickel, All metallic coated and reflective surfaces are preferably covered with a polyethylene varnish to prevent oxidation Protect ru, the layer thickness of which should be less than 0.1 mm.

As far as the component for transparent walls, cells and the like.

to be applied are anatelle of opaque solid materials transparent, at least transparent materials.

e.g. plates, panes, panels made of transparent or transparent Use plastic or glass or the like.

The anchor bolts 116 and 117 can be on the, subsections. the lead through cavities b w. shaft channels, be encased with insulating sleeves, the edges of which engage in seals and thus seal the anchor bolts airtight to the surrounding cavity, e.g. B. the wave channels. The pods can too consist of elastic material, the cut edges of which press against the walls and thereby effect the airtight seal.

The trapezoidal panels can be made possible by the different tension.

conduct a predetermined voltage or voltage as a whole or in certain areas Natural frequency are given. This is roughly comparable to pre-carpeted two-dimensional Films and their subdivision by means of intermediate elastic, in particular resilient Means that a coupling of the vibrations of one surface with different Allow vibrations of the other surface, with an overlay due to the coupling of wave crest and wave trough occurs after a certain number of oscillations, the one deletion at least diminution. the vibration energy causes. Corresponding is possible with the different tension options of the corrugated sheets.

For all-round rigid support and for increased sound and Warm insulation can be used in all cavities, as required.

e.g. via the pipe openings 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, with plastic foams, e.g. polyurethane. be foamed. This causes the vibrations of the corrugated Trapezoidal panels due to the friction on the foam surfaces that adhere to the panels at least partially transformed into heat As far as heat radiation through such Foam fillings are made through, these infrared rays are reflective to the coated wave plates and insulating plates 106 and 108, respectively. Also can the plastic foam aluminum powder or thin aluminum disks small Diameter can be added, which is already diffuse when the radiation passes through Cause reflection (confetti-shaped pieces of aluminum).

Because the polyurethane is firmly bonded to the trapezoidal sheets their flexural strength (tensile, compressive and shear strength) 106 108 is also considerable elevated. Instead of the insulating plates and strips on the plates 104,107,114d, 115b may be provided and so the plastic foam also fill these cavities with adhesive.

The trapezoidal panels can be omitted and facing each other shells, e.g. 114 and 107, placed on the anchor bolts. with Tension against the shells counteracting flanges mother ia the intended Keep your distance. The spaces thus supported can, for. B. with strained and reflective foils and which are soft and elastic on all sides arranged foils between them e.g. foam sheets or reflective wrinkles, e.g. made of plastic coated with a metallic reflective coating, the Tensioned foils as resonators absorb the vibrations and the intermediate ones Means transform these vibrations into heat through friction. These can Slides can be subdivided several times and thereby, as well as through different Foil thicknesses (thickness) and type of material have different natural frequencies that as a result of the coupling with the frequencies of the upstream or downstream foil surfaces overlay and annihilate each other.

105 Instead of the smaller wave plates 105, e.g. honeycomb plates can be used with very large cell diameters and correspondingly thick and taller cell walls step into which the adjacent foam-108 fabric panels r6 or with their Press in aluminum foil coating genes 110 This also reduces the heat and sound bridges greatly reduced.

Instead of honeycomb panels, rib panels can advantageously be provided, which intersect with opposing ribs, advantageously between them reflective foils or sheets and between two reflective foils or Metal sheets preferably carry a foam sheet. This will create the conductive pressure points limited to the crossing points. This can be further improved advantageously, that the adjacent composite panels 104 and 11) 7 are also provided with intersecting ribs are. Such ribs, regardless of what material they are made of, can be elastically resilient be arranged taut.

The springs can e.g. be attached to reinforced edge parts or attached Attack strips, preferably clamping strips are to be provided that have a damping Effect on the elastically stretched foils, at least on the panel edge parts or the like. exercise.

The springs can also be arranged and acting diagonally across the corner as a result, different frequencies on the same area that they span cause that cancel each other out by superimposing and damping.

The tautly arranged foils, plates or other layers can by against their surfaces, z. B. approximately perpendicular against them directed grid or some other means which alternately act on them from both sides Zig-zag shape can also be stretched in two ways. This allows different surfaces sizes and natural frequencies of sound-insulating importance are produced and interrelated be coupled.

Because honeycomb panels are generally smaller than the structural elements require, there is a need to transform the smaller units into larger units to manufacture accordingly. This can be done in such a way that punching out on the edge parts of the honeycomb panels lying next to one another in such a way that both taper conically towards the joint edge. This enables the rubbing in of e.g. solid pieces of plastic foam that are punched out with the same tools or of wood, plaster of paris, cement, cardboard sticks in the cutouts of the two honeycomb panels lying against one another, connecting them to one another, are used can. As a result of the conical, z. B, triangular widening can do both Plates can no longer be pulled apart in the same plane. Instead of the conical Any other profiling that starts from the edge is a widening , e.g. in S-shape or Z-shape or in any other form and similar fittings complete the connection. They can also be provided with glue be glued in.

Profiled cutouts can be made, e.g. with plaster of paris, cement or other A suitable material can be poured or foamed with plastic, for example. The mutually transferring joint edges can be made by diagonal cuts in opposite directions and inserted flat Rod or pouring out, the foam Connect adjacent panels.

Those with inserted molds or filled with pourings Parts of honeycomb panels can be provided with adhesive films on both sides, so that a Falling out of the fillings is not possible.

The honeycomb panels arranged next to one another or one on top of the other can be advantageous through adhesive films, adhesive strips, z. B. made of plastic or aluminum can be connected to each other without connecting elements. It can be useful be to perforate the foils in order to allow an exchange of air or certain To be able to produce prints in the honeycomb, after which the honeycomb by gluing Cover plates or wide cover layers, which are against these preferably on both sides with Foils provided with adhesive layers are pressed, the honeycombs are airtight, Fillings of any kind, consisting, for. B. from free-flowing substances, be advantageously introduced into such closed chambers.

Instead of connecting the honeycomb panels themselves, you can also be moved in such a way that the top surfaces face the honeycomb panels lying next to one another Have extensions, e.g. in the form of honeycombs, which engage in the honeycombs so that the honeycomb panels, without being connected to each other, through this into they inserted projections or cover plates are filleted in their position. Such Projections can e.g. B. as characteristics a Veratcifung these plates in connection with the honeycomb panels and the shear strength achieved by gluing Additionally increase the shear strength.

It is basically advantageous to use flat plates, boards and the like.

to form flat layers on their edge parts with flanges.

This stiffens them and their buckling strength is considerable elevated. The flat plates can buckle like bars. Preferably except these flanges - as far as possible in terms of material - on both sides, e.g. alternately, Ribs formed perpendicular and / or horizontally. By lathering with reaction foams such flanged and ribbed profiled thin plates, regardless of which one Material, these are more rigid than sandwich panels. Such successions of sheets and adhesive foams can be made multiple. This results in a highly flexural strength Unit. Such a multiple unit is even more rigid if it is used e.g. B. from planes Plates with alternating between ~. corrugated sheets, e.g. trapezoidal sheets, their contact lines or points z. B. are welded together and their Cavities formed by the corrugations with highly adhesive reaction foams, e.g. B. Polyurethane, foamed in a shear-proof manner, consists.

The intermediate welded flat plates and also outer flat ones Cover plates can be designed with linear profiles, e.g. with vertical shapes, which cross with the adjacent wave plates, be connected, whereby the Contact with the horizontally wavy intermediate plates on the after inside protruding vertical profiles of the cover plates and intermediate plates is diminished in a punctiform insulating manner. All panels can be on their edge parts be formed with flanges. or angle bars welded on as flanges or be glued or otherwise attached, the edge parts of the panels between them take up.

The disks interposed in this multiple unit can be used omitted and the intersecting wave plates at the points of contact directly connected to each other and to the outer cover plates, e.g. B. be welded.

Also plastic material, especially translucent material, for Light walls, ceilings and the like can include. in this way to - -bendable units be processed, e.g. glass fiber reinforced plastics are also used as panels Consideration. The possibility. to produce very stable wall parts with thin panels, enables the use of other translucent materials, e.g. B. to Production of light strips and light walls. Basically everything in this applies Description of opaque materials has been set out, also for translucent.

The anchor bolts form unwanted bridges for the sound and Heat conduction. For this reason it is advantageous to have all openings through which the anchor bolts protrude. by insulating pipe pieces, e.g. B. made of plastic material, to be inserted into these openings with a wide flange at the end. That’s a touch the anchor bolts with the plates excluded. The plastic pipe pieces can made of sufficiently thick material and the flanges attached to the plates or otherwise attached.

A disk-shaped or ring-shaped one can also be placed on the protruding pipe section Flange to be pushed against the other surface of the plate and snap into place the circumference of the correspondingly elastically ribbed pipe piece a detachment of the pipe section impede.

The ribs are in the direction of insertion, for example as levels, formed, which are then cut perpendicular to the pipe section, the plastic pipe section can accommodate another pipe section in its interior, following the opposite one Side protrudes and firmly.

s.B. by gluing, is connected to the former piece of pipe.

This inner pipe section can be designed with an internal thread, which engages in this outer thread of the anchor screw.

By turning the anchor screw, the with such, in particular pipe sections protruding on both sides and firmly arranged on them.

connected plates or other parts, depending on the aisle direction, moved will. Threads can also be cut on the surfaces of the insulating pipe stacks be used to arrange other parts on the panels. The anchor screw can take place from Metal also made of insulating material, especially plastic, be one Another possibility of preventing heat and sound conduction via the anchor bolts consists in not connecting them to the full distance of the outer ones that are connected to one another Shells or the like. To train, but only shortened to an intermediate plate or shell and the end insulated to embed.

From this point or from an earlier point a second anchor screw can take the remaining way to the other building shell traverse isolated. It is advantageous to use the rotatably mounted cast ends e.g. to be provided with ring extensions inside the component and the heads the anchor screw to the outside. For example, between the cover plates / in the cavities between the tubes 101 (see Fig. 2) those, Anchor bolts running in opposite directions, separately insulated from each other and also offset in height in insulating housings, such as in Fig.

with item 116d or 1! 7d, with their widened footrests 116c, 117c, be arranged isolated from one another.

The separate anchor bolt parts can intersect and Insulations must be arranged between these overlaps. It can also be proceeded so that the end of one screw carries a sleeve that is inside and / or is also provided with threads on the outer circumference. The second part of the Anchor bolt. whose spindle is a tube, can be screwed onto the sleeve will and thus assume a variable position in the longitudinal direction Or above the spindle of the second part engages the internal thread of said tube, which at the end the former screw is attached to this one. It can also be done like this that a continuous anchor screw is made up of several separate individual parts consists, which is screwed into pipe sections made of insulating material from both sides and are isolated from one another by previously inserted spacers and thus form a unit produced by the pipe section, The arrangement of pipe pieces on and / or between spindle parts, z..B. rigid on only one spindle part and be movably screwable on the other spindle part, or as a rigid arrangement on both spindle parts with it pipe inside between insulating pieces or movable on only one spindle part, especially with an external thread on the tubular umiang from Z. B. opposite direction and different pitch. to other parts of the component to be arranged on this pipe section and thus movement processes. sB. to be carried out with high pressure. As is known, screws run smoothly limited. By such attached pipe pieces with opposing threads and smaller With a larger diameter pitch, effects can be achieved as if there were the flatness of the anchor spindle is hereditary below the lower one given per se Border.

The anchor bolts can not only be perpendicular to the shell surfaces, but s.B. also be guided through the component in parallel with these and the perpendicular Connect angled flanges and edge parts with one another, e.g. by vertically corrugated Pressing the panels horizontally and thereby increasing the supporting force on the 101 carrying pipes / or the associated cover plates 104 exercise. If necessary inside such anchors also screw in a perpendicular direction parallel to the plates and shells in the structural element, e.g. for exerting pressures on horizontally corrugated Plates, may be provided.

To reduce the sound and heat conduction over the edge parts and seals the building shells, the invention provides the way that the heat or the shell has to pass through between the edge parts of the building shells, as large as possible to keep.

This can be done in advance by removing the flanges of the shells are directed outwards instead of inwards (see Fig. 2, points 107a, 107b, 107c) and walls (see section 14) are isolated from these on both sides.

As a seal between the flanges 107a, 107b, 107c, in large number of reciprocating turns formed composite bodies, the total are introduced into an insulating sheath, be arranged.

The composite body consists of multilayered, glued together Foils, e.g. made of rubber, plastic, aluminum, as well as those that are welded together Foils formed e.g. B. made of two plastic films, embossed in the small cells are that form stacked chambers into which z. B. a bad heat conductive gas, e.g. sulfur hexafluoride, is welded in.

Such gas-filled double foils can be created by adjoining aluminum foils also counter-diffuse, even at high pressure. These diverse, with each other e.g.

By gluing, connected foils are made in turns of certain Dimensions placed, which in turn are elastic with each other with adhesives are connected, On the other hand, it may be necessary between the windings in a comb-like manner with disks, grids or the like. Inserted from both sides to create gaps between the individual turns. Because of this big one Number of transition resistances according to the different specific Weight and the different elasticity, the sound loses on the long Wtp the coils its vibrating energy and is transformed into heat. Similar there is also the delay in the passage of heat energy on this long one winding path. The sealing body formed by the coils can be inserted into a e.g. tube-like rubber sheath be introduced as a whole that is closed to the outside is placed between the puddles to be sealed, the possible arrangement connecting Edge screws, especially anchor screws, both then in the cavity of the Component, as in front of corresponding additionally angled flanges May be provided to pierce the seal and reduce the insulation to avoid.

As described above, the edge screws are designed to be insulating.

Instead of connecting the edge parts via anchor bolts, e.g. Clamp the inner component part over the outwardly directed flanges 107a, 107b / be arranged. This can be done in such a way that the finished Component is placed under a press, through which the shells or the after flanges protruding on the outside / are pressed against each other so far that the brackets can be pushed on and in profiles on the bulging necks, z. B. can snap into the bend 107a. At least one Part of the anchor bolts can be dispensed with.

The transmission of acoustic and thermal vibrations but the brackets are avoided, The bowls and inner panels, instead of anchor bolts, can be locked by latching means, e.g. Snap-in pins that end in snap-in tubes and resilient means for snap-in have recesses, profiles or the like provided at certain points, be connected to each other. This engagement occurs. if r. B. by a stamp pressure the bowls, plates or the like.

be approached to each other up to a predetermined distance and in this distance the resilient latching means in the recesses.

Profiling and the like. Use blocking. Preferably consist These snap-in pins and pipe pieces made of insulating material and are so on the Plates and trays attached so that they can be used e.g. B.

protrude from the outside through openings in these and Wear flanges that are placed on the outside and adhere to them in an airtight manner, so that they can withstand high tensile stresses after the stamp pressure is no longer required.

Similarly, in the cavity of a component box-like, with their Walls interlocking and elastic against seals, airtight and vapor-tight slidable elements be provided with locking means. those with reaching a determine the distance between the floor and the ceiling connecting the two parts. In such box-like elements, e.g. sound and heat insulation, tensioned, reflective foils with suitable interlayers being arranged, whereby preferably the box-shaped body is evacuated or a heat poorly conductive Contains negative pressure gas. The box and its inlays can be made in particular be translucent plastic material.

The arrangement of the wall elements can take place in depressions, such as In Fig. 2 No. 146a shown, on foundations or ground in such a way that Floor panels, e.g. U-shaped, rail-like Extensions to the top which in recesses in the lower part, for example between the cover plates 104 insert To accommodate ceiling elements or an entire ceiling on the upper edges of the wall elements, in particular on the load-bearing support parts fixed, e.g. U-shaped slits open at the top, into which the ceiling elements with s.B, square pieces, which are preferably rotatable at their ends perpendicular to are arranged below, intervene. The rotatability enables the ceiling pipe elements at any angle, e.g. B. around a corner to be arranged.

According to another embodiment, the ceiling elements, for. B.

horizontal pre-stressed pipes with cylindrical pins at their ends, with which they are in cylindrical openings at the upper ends of the support tubes or The vertical support tubes are used in the interstices high. Multiple One behind the other arranged pipe insulation groups allow the arrangement of several Layers of z. B. intersecting ceiling elements, z. B.

horizontal pipes, It can be the ceiling elements between U-shaped Ceiling frame, consisting of e.g. two opposing individual frame parts, be arranged, with corrugated elements are supported against the frame. By the frame parts running in the same direction as the waves protrude through the pipe ends and wear nuts on the outside, which are on the threads of the protruding pipe ends can be screwed against each other. This allows the intermediate Wave plates are pressed so that they curve upwards, for this purpose are on the corrugated plates also have elastic metal plates, the corrugations are slightly arched covering, arranged, which is also against the frame parts press. The upwardly directed shaft tops can also be secured by means of vertical anchor bolts are additionally tensioned upwards. By screwing in the outer nuts the distance between the opposing frame parts is reduced and thereby all plates and associated plates supporting between them against the frame parts arched plates increased in tension. Pipes carrying capacity or their resistance against bulging or buckling downwards by 'acting on them perpendicularly Loads can be compensated accordingly.

The pressure of the load on the upwardly curved plates increases the horizontal pressure on the frame and thus on the outside against this on the nuts screwed on the prestressed horizontal support tube. The higher the load is, the higher the pressure on the frames and on the outer nuts and thus This means that the tension on the prestressed horizontal support tubes is all the greater. the higher load thus acts by converting part of its pressure into a increased tensile stress of the hotisontal pipes against a deflection of these pipes.

This horizontal tensile force can counteract the deflection an additional increase from the underside of the ceiling or the prestressed pipes Experienced. Panels that are curved upwards can also be placed on this underside. those of corrugated sheets, e.g. B. trapezoidal plates, are supported, in deeper legs of the U-shaped frame part so that the perpendicular load pressure, e.g. B.

as a result of a downward bending of the prestressed support tubes these arched parts are placed in tension with the same as the upper arched parts Part., The U-shaped frame horny against the nuts on the outside of the pipes be pressed.

With these nuts, the pipes are tightened horizontally.

@@ In the same way, further ceiling elements can be offset by 90 °, to the other two U-shaped, opposite frame parts, these in Setting tension against the outer pipe nuts there. One Such a ceiling is due to the-CC conversion of perpendicular forces into horizontal the tensioning forces of the pipes are highly load-bearing. The greater the load on the right. the higher the horizontal tension of the horizontal tubes supporting the trapezoids. These can also be arranged alternately crossing each other in several layers and each pipe end protruding through the associated frame part by means of a nut press the frame part against the intermediate arched and corrugated plates.

To compensate for the changing distances between the frame parts these can be arranged with horizontal, releasable and plate parts and perpendicular engagement means. This allows the insert pieces in the matching position of engagement in the U-shaped rails on the upper Edge parts of the wall elements (or the engagement of tenons or square pieces in corresponding openings in the upper parts of the square tubes of the wall elements or in corresponding designs of the upper parts of the spaces between each two perpendicular support tubes of the wall element). It is also possible, the described tensionable and adjustable ceiling designs in an additional one entire rigid frame of a predetermined dimension according to the arrangement of the wall elements, preferably inserted into their upper U-rails. Between the vertical wall elements and the connecting elements, e.g. B. frame parts, as well as between the circles arranged prestressed pipes and associated corrugated and arched plates. can be suitable elastic Be arranged insulating means.

The invention allows many designs that are based on the same principles are based.

Even with simple screws, tensions can be added to the different Purposes. The screw spindles can be moved to the clamped position Share or engage them via associated means and elastic means, e.g. a rubber layer, be arranged between these and the screw head. The head the screw therefore sits on a solid, rigid base. the side on other immovable solid components is supported. By turning the screw head the screw thread turns deeper and deeper into the parts to be moved or in addition arranged connecting means and tensioned them, wherein the elastic intermediate layer is compressed towards the head.

The screws can be provided with nuts and those to be tightened Parts on washers above the nuts, moved by these, be attached to the by turning the screw head in the direction of this move and thus the parts arranged on them stretch, e.g. for stretching foils over Such nuts may be provided for the head hZ and due to the bearing change of the nuts r-adjustable tensions have been generated.

In addition to the described training of ceilings and the like.

e.g. also for bridge construction, vehicle construction, aircraft construction, is the following executed: The pre-stressed pipes can also be connected to the rectilinear, pre-stressed pipes are placed in a curved state are caused by tensions on the one hand from the screw heads to two each opposite frame parts and thus on the intermediate elements, reducing the distance, is exercised. This also increases the tension of the rectilinear pre-tensioned Pipes continued to increase.

Corrugated sheets can also move in the direction of the course of their waves be arched in this way and thus very high opposing forces against the on this exerting loads.

The patches to be placed on the upper edge parts of the wall elements rails, e.g. B. U-shaped rails are preferably with metal parts of the wall element to be welded.

104 Between the top walls 102 with the pipes arranged therein 101 can have U-shaped spacing means in the free space parts inward or inward outside this be arranged comprehensively overall.

For sound insulation, sheets with z. B. zigzag-shaped perpendicular edge bends with a predetermined clamping tension between lateral Walls and / or borders be inserted and thus receive natural frequencies, which, as with stretched foils, selectively record different frequency ranges, why a plurality of such differently pretensioned sheets behind each other is arranged, this can also be provided for blocks. Vird the cavity between the interior shells 115 according to FIG. 2 with a metal on the The inner surface of the interior shell is coated and the cavity has a metal border condensation can form. To avoid this. it is advantageous to have such cavity borders made of extruded plastic material to manufacture. This can be shaped so that it forms grooves that face towards in this engaging sheet metal edges, Be on the inner shells or support elements are provided for the arrangement of the outer shells or the interior wall, open are.

Claims (31)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e: 1. Highly flexural wall composite element with thermal and acoustic insulation, especially for light-emitting wall parts, Ceilings, roofs, building blocks and the like, consisting of at least two a cavity together with frame parts, seals and the like enclosing translucent Panes, panels or the like, in which sound and heat insulating in the cavity Means are arranged, characterized in that at least one translucent panel or film (6) elastically stretched in the cavity (H1) and / or its adjoining rooms (H2, H3, H4) on elastic clamping means (8, 10) is arranged. 2. Wall composite element according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the Hohl.raum is filled with a poorly thermally conductive gas. 3. Wall composite element according to claim 1 or 2, the rnehrere translucent Foils (6) are stretched at small distances from one another in the cavity (H1). 4. Wall composite element according to claim 3, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n t that the individual foils (6) have different voltages and natural frequencies exhibit. 5. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the foils (6) are interposed by elastic Clamping means are divided into sub-areas of different properties. 6. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the edge parts of the foils (6) are reinforced. 7 Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the clamping means (8, 10) are tensioned on all sides the foils (6) are arranged. 8. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that at least one end of the foils (6) is on spring rollers (5) is arranged and can be rolled up. 9. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the foils (6) are at least partially reflective are coated. 10. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the foils (6) can be rolled up on spring rollers (5) and can be lowered into secondary cavities (H3) from the field of vision. 11. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is not noted that the outer translucent panes are double panes (2a, 2b, 4a, 4b) are formed 0 12. Wall composite element according to claim 11, characterized g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that between the double panes (2a, 2b, 4a, 4b) a Gas is enclosed airtight. 13. Wall composite element according to claim 11, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that there is a liquid between the double panes (2a, 2b, 4a, 4b) is enclosed in a liquid-tight manner. 14. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the side surfaces of an outer wall element forming discs or panels are biased inwards and that in the cavity at least transverse pressure-resistant supporting means are arranged. 15. Wall composite element according to claim 14, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the side surfaces of the outer wall element are curved inward are. 16. Wall composite element according to claim 14 or 15, characterized g e -k e It is not stated that the pressure-resistant, at least transverse support means are arranged in an inner wall element. 17. Wall; Væbundelement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the means arranged in the inner wall element Form an insulating assembly that applies a bias in the longitudinal direction to the exerts cross members connecting both side surfaces of the outer wall element. 18. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is not noted that the side surfaces and / or those connecting them Cross parts have a reinforcement. 19. Wall composite element according to claim 15, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t s that the reinforcement of the side surfaces in the direction of the cavity and if necessary, is biased onto the pressure-resistant insulating assembly. 20. Wall composite element according to claim 18 and 19> thereby g e -k Note that at least some of the cross members, preferably that Ceiling transverse part of the outer wall element is biased towards the outside. 21. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized It is not noted that at least some of the transverse parts of the outer wall element in particular the vertical transverse parts with preferably curved towards the cavity prestressed reinforcements. 22. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the aforementioned reinforcements are known per se Reinforcements, in particular known prestressed reinforcements, are combined. 23. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized It is not noted that between the outer and inner wall element Cavities are arranged in which pressure-resistant spacers or corrugated or trapezoidal plates, which undergo stretching under pressure, are arranged. 24. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized It is not noted that the pressure-resistant, supporting insulating assembly is preferred Contains corrugated plates made of metal, the corrugations of which are so transverse to one another run that when a pressure is applied perpendicular to the plane of the corrugated sheets an expansion and pressure exertion of these plates takes place in their planes, and that the Edges of these panels from the side surfaces of the outer wall element together connecting cross members are supported. 25. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, in that the outer wall element is a cast Component is. 26. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the outer wall element is made of concrete. 27. Wall composite element according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized it is noted that the outer wall element is a plastic cast part is. 28. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the side surfaces of the outer wall element with With the help of fasteners, e.g. screws, plates, rods, towards each other and are braced on the pressure-resistant supporting means in the cavity. 29. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the transverse parts of the outer wall element with the help of connecting means, e.g. of screws, plates, rods, towards each other and against supporting pressure-resistant means are braced in the cavity. 30. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is not noted that the inner wall element and / or the cavities of the outer wall element can be evacuated or evacuated. 31. Wall composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is not indicated that in the cavities of the outer wall element and / or of the inner wall element different pressures compared to the outer atmospheric Pressure are made.