DE2556656A1 - Additives for sprayable aq. agricultural compsns. - contain sorbitol, nonionic surfactant and hydrophobic oil, and give a stable, adherent aerosol - Google Patents

Abstract

Additive for aq. solns. emulsions or suspensions of active ingredients which are to be nebulised to particle size pref. 50 esp. 20 mu, comprises (a) 1-15, esp. 5-15 wt. pts. sorbitol (I); (b) 0.005-0.15, esp. 0.01-0.15 wt. % nonionic surfactant (II) and (c) 8-12 times the amt. of (II) of a hydrophobic oil (III). (II) is an ether condensn. prod. obtd. from an alkylphenol or an aliphatic higher monohydroxy alcohol and a polyoxyethyleneglycol (polymerisation degree 6-12). (III) comprises >=1 normally liquid tri-, di- or mono-glyceride of 10-20C fatty acids or the lower aliphatic satd. alkyl esters of these acids. Used esp. as diluents for emulsifiable concentrates, wettable powders etc. contg. insecticides, other pesticides, fertilisers or plant growth regulators. Fine sprays made from compsns. contg. the additive provide a stable aerosol which persists for a long time; the droplets have good adhesion to plants which inhibits loss by rain etc. so reduces the amount of active ingredient needed and spraying time. Effective spray distances of 50-60m are achieved.

Description

Agent for aqueous, finely nebulised active ingredient solutions,

Emulsions or suspensions and their use for production and for the fine atomization of aqueous active substance solutions, emulsions or suspensions The invention relates to an agent for aqueous, ois to a droplet size of preferably less than about 50 to, especially less than about 20 / u to be finely atomized (to active substance solutions, emulsions or suspensions that can be atomized or atomized, the finely nebulised aqueous active ingredient solutions containing this agent, emulsions or suspensions as well as a method for fine atomization of these aqueous Active ingredient solutions, emulsions or suspensions.

The invention relates specifically to a diluent (dilution medium) for chemical preparations, which as an aqueous medium for aqueous preparations, wettable Powder or emulsifiable concentrates used for combating insects and living things harmful to crops and the living environment are used and used as a component for fertilizers and plant growth regulators can be.

Since the recent advances in the field of horticulture exists viewed from an agricultural and horticultural point of view an urgent need for an effective and rational (labor-saving) process to control insects and pathogenic microbes to develop for crops are harmful that are grown or grown in large-scale plastic greenhouses. to be cultivated.

In practically all conventional methods of spraying (atomizing) of a chemical preparation (chemical agent) by using a Atomizing device (the resulting droplets represent coarse particles of a Size from 50 to 200 microns) or a nebulizer (which represent droplets fine particles of a size of 20 to 100 / µ) have heretofore been any arbitrary aqueous preparation, an emulsifiable concentrate of the oil droplet-in-water type, or an aqueous suspension used in which water was used as a medium, in which has a surface active agent and an adhesive (tackifying agent) were incorporated. When this chemical preparation (chemical agent) is sprayed (atomized) by means of a spray device, however, is the spray distance for the chemical active ingredient 5 to a maximum of 20 m. It was therefore previously necessary, to make the spraying (atomization) evenly by having a movable one Atomizing device (atomizing device) used.

On the other hand, a method has already been proposed in which the chemical agent (chemical preparation) is sprayed (atomized) under Use of a fine atomization device in which a pulse jet (ScIomidt tube portable type, e.g. a Pulse Fog (trademark), is used. This method is based on the fact that the in the vicinity of the jet nozzle Introduced chemical liquid (active ingredient solution) immediately nebulized and finely sprayed (fumed) is caused by a jet of gas at an ultra-high speed (from 400 up to 500 m / second, d. H. 1.3 to 1.5 times the speed of sound) of a combustion gas, that in an internal combustion pulse jet (pulse engine), in which the explosion is repeated, is generated as in the case of that in Japanese Patent Publication 768 583 (or Japanese Patent Publication No.

23 332/74) described c rühvorrichtung (atomizing device) from Vibrating torch type. In this case, if the chemical preparation (the chemical active ingredient) to maintain the health (sanitation) of the environment and for sterilization is sprayed or atomized using an oily medium, such as. B. one Hydrocarbon, this ultra-fine particle with a particle size of about 0.5 to about 10 µ can be atomized. However, when such a medium is on horticultural crops is applied, there is a risk that the medium will damage the plants. aside from that lead to fumed hydrocarbons or similar Oil media damage to mammals, which has become a problem in recent years and the current state of affairs is that there is an urgent need for a safer one Diluent (dilution medium) for maintaining the health (restoration) of the environment and the sterilization passes.

On the other hand, when an aqueous medium is used, the water in the mist particles thus obtained evaporates quickly since the aqueous Medium has greater resistance to atomization than an oily medium and because the internal temperature of the explosion chamber of the pulse jet is up to 1000 to 15000C amounts to. In addition, not only is the spray distance of the chemical preparation (the Active ingredient solution) only 20 to a maximum of 30 m, but the chemical substance (the Active ingredient) also cannot be kept in a stable airborne state will. In addition, there is the risk that the diffuse (distribution) of the chemical Substance (of the active ingredient) becomes uneven and the aqueous medium must be in a large amount can be used, which has the consequence that the moisture content in the closed greenhouse increases, which leads to the disadvantage that the outbreak (the occurrence) of diseases is induced.

The aim of the present invention is therefore to provide an aqueous medium indicate which is preferred for the application of chemical substances (active ingredients) Can be used in the form of fine fumes on plants or the like.

In an effort to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages have been now extensive investigations carried out in whose History found it was found that when an aqueous medium, the sorbitol (hereinafter as a component "A") in a suitable concentration, is used to the evaporation of the water of the ultrafine particles of a finely atomized (fumed) To reduce the active ingredient solution (to moderate) and a stable, finely atomized state to maintain in the air within a long period of time, and when in this Medium a suitable amount of a polyovvyethylene alkylphenyl nonionic surfactant or Polyoxyätlz * Jlen-aliphatic higher (saturated or unsaturated) alkyl ethers (hereinafter referred to as "component B") and an appropriate amount of a hydrophobic one Oil (hereinafter referred to as "component Ott) is incorporated, the at least a normally (at 15 to 25 C) liquid component from the group of the tri, Di- and monoglycerides obtained from cms purified natural or vegetable oil or synthesized higher fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms and the lower aliphatic saturated alkyl esters, such as the methyl, ethyl and propyl esters, preferably the ethyl ester contains any of the above on the surface ultrafine particles of the drug solution (chemical liquid) from the oil droplet-in Air-type a uniform oil film is formed, which increases the resistance to atomization (the atomization resistance) of the active ingredient solution (chemical liquid) and prevents the water from evaporating from the surface of each particle, coupled with the water-retention properties of the above component A The consequence of which is to maintain a stable aerosol state over a long period of time good adhesion (high stickiness) of the chemical active ingredient at the plants is achieved and the removal (runoff) of the chemical agent under the action of rain and dew can be prevented to achieve a Retention effect, so that the disadvantages outlined above by use a small amount of this aqueous medium can be avoided.

The invention relates to an agent, in particular a concentrate, for aqueous, finely atomized active ingredient solutions, emulsions or suspensions (Solutions, emulsions or suspensions of chemical preparations) that up to a Particle size less than about 50, preferably less than about 20, especially about 0.5 to about 10 / u should be fumed, which is characterized by this is that it auE et.7a to 15, preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight of sorbitol is about 0.005 to 0.15, preferably 0.01 to 0.15 parts by weight of a nonionic surface-active Means, consisting of an ether condensation product, which consists of an alkylphenol or an aliphatic higher monohydroxy alcohol and a polyoxyethylene glycol (Degree of polymerization 6 to 12), and a hydrophobic oil that at least one normally liquid component from the group of tri-, di- and Monoglycerides of fatty acids with 10 to 20 carbon atoms and the lower aliphatic containing saturated alkyl esters of these fatty acids, in an amount that corresponds to the about 8 to 12 times the concentration of the nonionic surfactant is equivalent to.

The invention also relates to an aqueous solution that is to be finely atomized Active ingredient solution, emulsion or suspension, the characterized is that it contains the agent of the composition given above wherein the sorbitol in the aqueous medium at a concentration of about 1 to about 15, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, the non-ionic surfactant in one Concentration from about 0.005 to about 0.15, preferably from 0.01 to 0.15% by weight and the hydrophobic oil in an amount about 8 to about 12 times the concentration of the nonionic surfactant.

The invention also relates to a method for fine atomization (fuming) an aqueous active substance solution, emulsion or suspension, which thereby is characterized in that for its implementation a solution of the above Composition is used.

As used herein, the term "chemical preparation" means a Understand chemical substance as it is in the field of application specified here is used in solid, liquid or gaseous form. It is below for the sake of simplicity referred to as "active ingredient solution".

Under the term "fine misting" or

"Fine mist" is the atomization, spraying or atomization of a Solution using a pulse jet of the structure described above understand what makes it possible to reduce the solution to a particle size of less than about 50, preferably less than about 20, especially from about 0.5 to about To atomize lOfu.

In the case of the above-mentioned nonionic which can be used according to the invention Surfactants are preferably an ether condensation product of an alkylphenol composed mainly of nonylphenol, which by condensation of a propylenetrimernone with phenolX or of diisobutylphenol, that by condensation of an isobutylene dimer diisobutylene with phenol or a higher aliphatic alcohol having 8 to 70 carbon atoms with a polyoxyethylene glycol with a degree of polymerization of 6 to 12 has been produced. For examples suitable nonionic surfactants include commercially available nonionics surface-active agents and commercial agricultural spreaders, the nonionic surfactants as essential active ingredients contain.

If the agent or concentrate or diluent according to the invention a certain amount of a commercially available wettable powder can be used or emulsifiable concentrate in the form of a solution, emulsion or suspension, for example in 3 to 5 liters of diluent per 10 ares (poor) spray area can be used. There the amount of the active ingredient solution is so small, the spraying (atomization) completed within a short period of time, preferably from about 5 to about 10 minutes. In addition, the spray distance of the finely atomized active ingredient solutions reaches when used of the diluent according to the invention about 50 to about 60 m. Atomization can therefore be carried out by simply using an atomization device in a fixed position in a plastic greenhouse, in one Forest, in a closed chamber or in a manhole to save as much work T.Ae as possible. In addition, it is a diluent according to the invention non-flammable, non-toxic to mammals and does not lead to degradation or no decomposition of the agricultural active ingredients and therefore has a high practical value.

In the diluent according to the invention, for example, any any aqueous foliar spray preparation such as nicotine sulfate, kasugamycin, fungicide amino acid type, urea and plant hormones, any wettable powder of the ethylene bisdithiocarbamic acid type, thiophanate type, phthalmide type, polyoxine type and carbamate-type and any insecticide in the form of emulsifiable concentrates of the Yenig -toxic organophosphorus type (sumithion, malathion and the like), carbamate type and pyrethrin-type can be dissolved, suspended or emulsified. Also an active ingredient which contains an active ingredient that is easily decomposable at elevated temperatures, can be used without causing degradation or decomposition, as it instantly turns into a fine mist in an ultra-high velocity gas stream is convicted. If two or more of the above-mentioned active substances (chemical preparations) to be used in combination with each other, they can be used immediately before their Use to be mixed together to produce a composite chemical Preparation. To improve the spreadability and adhesion (stickiness) of the chemical As substance or chemical preparation, an adjuvant such as. B. an agricultural Distributor, in combination be used with it.

The invention is illustrated by the following test example and preparation examples explained in more detail, but without being limited thereto.

Test example The influence of the inventive diluent was determined (Concentrate) on the distribution (diffusion) of the chemical active substance fes (chemical Preparation) using a Nebel-Pulsejet (lstodel K-2G) in a large Plastic greenhouse with a front side of 20 m, a length of 60 m and one Area of approximately 1320 m² (400 tsubo) examined.

-The fog pulse jet was on a stand at a height of 1.5 m, which had been set up in the middle of the front side wall, arranged so that the jet nozzle was aligned horizontally. There were 140 g of finely divided clay with a particle size of less than 2 / u (non-crystalline clay, corresponding to the clay prescribed by the International Soil Society) in 7 1 each of the in the The following table indicated diluent suspended to produce a Suspension and in fixed positions on the imaginary center line in front of the pulse jet Petri dishes were set up containing clear agar. After spraying The greenhouse was closed (atomizing) the suspension and left to stand overnight. Thereafter, the number of particles fallen into each dish was measured under a microscope counted and the ratio between the number the fallen Particles to the number of filled particles of a standard diluent in the event that the total amount of particles had fallen, it was calculated to determine the drop ratio (drop ratio) (in%).

The measurement of the number of fallen particles was carried out in the carried out that the fallen particles in each bowl of distilled water 40 ° C washed, separated and brought to a certain volume, and that the number of particles per unit area (10,000 µ²) was counted using a Toma Zeiss counting plate, and that it is in proportion to the number of counted down 2 falling particles (60) per 10 000 / u in the event that the total amount of particles fell on the flat surface.

As sorbitol component (A) of the diluent according to the invention became a commercial 70% sorbitol product as a non-ionic surfactant Means (B) each polyoxyethylene (degree of polymerisation 8 to 10) nonylphenyl ether (hereinafter abbreviated with "NF") and polyoxyethylene (degree of polymerisation 8 to 10) aliphatic alkyl (number of carbon atoms 10 to 18) -ether (hereinafter abbreviated with "FR") and a purified cottonseed oil is used as the hydrophobic oil (C). The one with it The results obtained are shown in the following table.

Table Composition of Ver for the Verspring-Drop-Down Ratio (%) in finely atomized thinning agent (%) hung required at a distance of Condition No. A B C time (minutes) 5m 10m 20m 35m 50m (B: C) 1 - - - colorless, hardly (Dilution water) 22 54 32 22 8 2 distinguishable 2 2 - - 21 51 30 23 14 8 "3 5 - - 10 41 37 32 20 18 "4 10 - - 20 46 39 33 26 20" 5 15 - - 23 43 35 20 22 16 "6 20 - - 27 51 42 15 10 11" 7 10 [NP] 0.001 0.01 (1:10) 19 52 35 33 25 12 weak White.

8 10 ["] 0.005 0.05 (1:10) 16 47 32 35 20 24 pale white.

9 10 ["] 0.01 0.1 deep white, one (1: 10) 14 45 35 37 29 18 uniform 10 10 ["] 0.06 0.6 (1:10) 12 44 42 36 32 25" 11 10 ["] 0.15 1.5 (1:10) 11 46 40 29 34 23 "12 10 ["] 0.25 2.5 (1:10) 12 42 52 27 30 11 " continuation the table fine-composition of the ver for the spray-drop ratio (%) aerosolized thinner (%) hung required at a distance from state No. A B C time (minutes) 5m 10m 20m 35m 50m (B: C) 13 10 [NP] 0.06 0.48 semi-white, (1: 8) 12 48 39 32 37 22 uniform 14 10 [NP] 0.06 0.72 (1: 12) 10 45 40 35 31 27 "15 10 [FR] 0.001 0.01 (1:10) 20 49 36 30 16 7 pale white 16 10 ["] 0.005 0.05 (1:10) 18 51 39 33 22 14 pale white 17 10 ["] 0.01 0.1 (1:10) 16 42 35 39 25 20 deep white, uniform 18 10 ["] 0.06 0.6 (1: 10) 15 54 32 34 23 21" 19 10 ["] 0.15 1.5 (1:10) 13 45 38 32 30 18" 20 10 ["] 0.25 2.5 (1:10) 14 40 47 24 26 10 " Experiment No. 1 in the table above shows the case where only dilution water was sprayed; experiments nos. 2 to 6 show the cases in which dilution water with incorporated sorbitol was used; experiments nos. 7 to 14 show the cases in which a 10% sorbitol solution is used was incorporated into the B (nethaltend Iw) and C; and the trials Nos. 15 to 20 show the cases in which a 10% sorbitol solution was used, into which B (containing FR) and C had been incorporated.

It can be seen from the results in the table above that sorbitol has a high water retention capacity and that one containing 5 to 15% sorbitol aqueous solution the rapid evaporation of water from fine particles that are too finely atomized form have been sprayed, prevents or inhibits, creating a message Distribution effect (diffusion effect) is achieved. It is also important to that if 0.1 to 1.5% of a hydrophobic oil containing 0.01 to 0.15% of the above-mentioned nonionic surfactant NP or FR has been emulsified is to be added to the above-mentioned sorbitol solution and the resulting mixture is used, the spray resistance (the spray resistance) of the active ingredient solution decreases and an oil film on the surfaces of the finely atomized particles of the active ingredient solution is formed, which together with component A prevents the water from coming out the particle evaporates. It also shows that NP and FR in their effectiveness essentially identical to each other are and a deep white, can form a uniform and stable finely atomized state. After drying the chemical agent sprayed on the surface of the plant increases this Diluents according to the invention, the adhesion (stickiness) of the chemical active ingredient and prevents the same from running off (washing off) when exposed to rain or Dew as a result of the action of the hydrophobic oil, which forms a colloid has been dispersed.

The diluent of the present invention can be prepared by Introducing the above components A, B and C into water and then Passing the resulting mixture through a homogenizer. Like in that Test example given, however, remains the main feature of the present invention in that the essential components A, B and C are in the above-given ratios be mixed together. It is therefore very easy to use a concentrated diluent to produce from 5 to 10 times the respective concentration and the concentrated Diluent to be diluted with water when used. In these In connection there is no need to mention that such a concentrated diluent (Concentrate) also falls within the scope of the present invention.

The method of preparation and use of the concentrated according to the invention Diluent (concentrate) is explained in more detail by the following examples, However, the invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 71.4 g of a 70% strength sorbitol solution were heated to 40 ° C.

Separately from this, 0.1 g of polyoxyethylene (degree of polymerization 8 to 12) nonylphenyl ether and 1 g of purified soybean oil at 40 ° C in 10 g of water dissolved and the resulting solution became the above-mentioned sorbitol solution added dropwise with vigorous stirring. Thereafter, the total amount of the thereby obtained mixed solution brought under by adding warm water of 40 ° C to 100 g Formation of a concentrated diluent that is 50% sorbitol, 0.1% non-ionic surfactant and 1% soybean oil. At the time of its use the concentrated diluent was diluted 10-fold with water and the desired amount of the desired agricultural active ingredient (a suspension, an aqueous preparation or an emulsifiable concentrate) was mixed with the diluent diluted to form an atomizing liquid (atomizing liquid).

Example 2 71.4 g of a 70% strength sorbitol solution were heated to 40 ° C.

Separately from this, 0.1 g of polyoxyethylene (degree of polymerization 6 to 10) -lauryl ether and 1 g of ethyl oleate dissolved in 10 g of water at 40 ° C and the thereby obtained solution became the above-mentioned sorbitol solution with vigorous stirring added dropwise. Thereafter, the total amount of the mixed solution thus obtained became brought to 100 g by adding warm water of 40 ° C. to form a concentrated one Diluent which is 50% sorbitol, 0.1% non-ionic surfactant and 1% ethyl oleate.

The concentrated diluent was used when it was used Water diluted 10 times and the desired amount of the desired agricultural Active ingredient (in the form of a suspension, an aqueous preparation or an emulsifiable Concentrate) was diluted with the diluent to form a spray liquid (Atomizing liquid).

The invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments explained in more detail, but it is self-evident for the person skilled in the art that they point to it one way is limited, but that these are modified and in many ways can be modified without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention is left.

Patent claims:

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Means for aqueous, up to a droplet size of preferably less than about 50t, in particular less than about 20 / u fine nebulizing active ingredient solutions, emulsions or suspensions, characterized in that that as to about 1 to about 15 parts by weight of sorbitol etT ': a 0.005 to about 01 parts by weight a non-ionic, surface-active agent consisting of an ether condensation product, that of an alkylphenol, or an aliphatic higher monohydroxy alcohol and a polyoxyethylene glycol (degree of polymerisation 6 to 12) has been produced, and a hydrophobic oil comprising at least one normally liquid component the group of tri-, di- and monoglycerides of fatty acids with 10 to 20 carbon atoms and the lower aliphatic saturated alkyl ester of these fatty acids, in an amount about 3 to about 12 times the amount of the non-ionic surface-active agent entepricht, 2. agent according to claim 1, characterized in that that it is about 5 to about 15 parts by weight of sorbitol 0.01 to 0.15 parts by weight of the claim 1 contains non-ionic surfactant mentioned. 3. Aqueous active ingredient solution, emulsion or suspension to be finely atomized, characterized in that it contains the agent according to claim 1 and / or 2, s-obei the soi-bit in the aqueous medium in a concentration of about 1 to about 15, preferably from about 5 to about 15% by weight, the non-ionic surfactant Agent at a concentration of etT:? A 0.005 to about 0.15, preferably from about 0.01 to about 0.15% by weight and the hydrophobic oil in a concentration that corresponds to about 8 to about 12 times the concentration of the nonionic surfactant corresponds to exist. 4. Method for fine atomization of an aqueous active ingredient solution, emulsion or suspension down to a droplet size of less than about 50, preferably less than about 20, in particular about 0.5 to about 10 µ, thereby characterized in that a solution according to claim 3 is used.